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Polynomial

The document discusses polynomials, which are algebraic expressions with multiple terms. It defines key polynomial concepts like terms, variables, constants, exponents and standard form. The document also categorizes polynomials based on degree and number of terms, and provides examples of different types of polynomials like linear, quadratic and cubic polynomials.

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uzairsofi
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9 views

Polynomial

The document discusses polynomials, which are algebraic expressions with multiple terms. It defines key polynomial concepts like terms, variables, constants, exponents and standard form. The document also categorizes polynomials based on degree and number of terms, and provides examples of different types of polynomials like linear, quadratic and cubic polynomials.

Uploaded by

uzairsofi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ezair Commercia Polynomials

Polynomials
The word polynomial is derived from the Greek word ‘Poly’ means
Many, ‘Nomial’ means Terms. So polynomial means many terms. A
polynomial can have any number of terms but not infinite.
Before understanding Polynomial, we must know few items
6x4 + 3x3 + 4x2 + 2x + 1
Terms

Constant: 6, 3, 4, 2 : Variable: X, Y, Z
 A polynomial is an P Multiplication of constant and
algebraic expression variable is called term.
consisting of variables, 0 it is separated by + AND - signs
constants, degree(+) and
L
having more than 1 term
Y Combination of terms is called an
 A polynomial has algebraic expression
 Terms N

 Constants O Constant: The number whose value is


always same and can’t be changed
 Variables M

 Non negative exponent I

 Standard Form A Variable: Anything that is having a


capacity to change is called Variable
L

Degree: Highest power of a Exponent: Repetition of


polynomial is called degree multiplication is called exponent

pg. 1
Ezair Commercia Polynomials

Standard form of polynomial is when the terms of a


polynomial are written in descending order of
 Notation exponents
 The polynomial function is  6x4 + 3x3 -
4x2 + 2x + 1
denoted by P(x) where x
represents the variable. For  Write the standard form of polynomial
example,  6x4 + 3x5 -
4x2 + 1
 P(x) = x2-5x+11  Its standard form
 If the variable is denoted by  3x5 + 6x4 -
4x2 + 1
y, then the function will be
P(y)  6x + 3x2 + 1

 Its standard form

 3x2 + 6x + 1

 A polynomial is an expression that consists of variables


(or indeterminate), terms, exponents and constants. For
example, 3x2 -2x-10 is a polynomial.
 What are terms, degrees and exponents in a polynomial?
 If 2x2 – 3x +19 is a polynomial, then;
Terms: 2x2,-3x & 19
Degree: 2 (the highest exponent of variable x)
Exponents: Power raised to variable x, i.e. 2 and 1.

 Is 8 a polynomial? is 8x-3 is a polynomial


 8 can be written as 8x or0
no, as it is having negative exponent
 0x +0x+8,
2

 which represents the polynomial expression. Therefore,


we can consider 8 as a polynomial.

pg. 2
Ezair Commercia Polynomials

Types of Polynomials
On the basis of Degree

On The basis of Degree


Polynomial with highest Degree zero
Constant or Zero Polynomial
Polynomial with highest Degree 1
Linear Polynomial
Polynomial with highest Degree 2
Quadratic polynomial
Polynomial with highest Degree 3
Cubic Polynomial
Polynomial with highest Degree 4
Quartic Polynomial
Polynomial with highest Degree 5
Quintic polynomial

Types of Polynomials
on the basis of Terms

Monomial: The polynomial which is having Binomial: The polynomial which is having
a single term is called monomial. For two terms is called Binomial. For example
example 5x, 3xy, 2, 6a4 – 5x+3, 6a4 + 17x

Trinomial: The polynomial which is having


Quadrinomial: The polynomial which is
three terms is called Trinomial. For example
having Four terms is called Quadrinomial.
4x2 + 9x + 7
For example 3x3 + 4x2 + 2x + 1

pg. 3
Ezair Commercia Polynomials

Examples of Polynomial

Number of zeros is equal to


number of points at which the
graph intersects the X-Axis

1: Linear Polynomial: The polynomial with degree 1 is called


linear polynomial.
It is having a straight line on X-Axis of a graph.
The point at which straight line cuts the X-Axis is the value of a
linear polynomial.
It is having maximum one solution
in mathematics, parabola is a plane
2: Quadratic Polynomial: The polynomial curve that is mirror-symmetrical and
almost U-shaped.
with degree 2 is called Quadratic
polynomial.
Parabola cuts X-Axis at two places.
It is having maximum two solutions.
3: Cubic Polynomial: The polynomial with degree 3 is called
Cubic polynomial.
Parabola cuts X-Axis at three places.
It is having maximum three solutions.

pg. 4
Ezair Commercia Polynomials

Exercise 2.1

Number of zeros is equal to


number of points at which the
graph intersects the X-Axis

i: The number of zeroes is zero (0), as the graph doesn’t


intersect the X-Axis at any point.
ii: The number of zeroes is 1, as the graph intersects the X-Axis
at one point.
iii: The number of zeroes is 3, as the graph intersects the X-Axis
at 3 points.

pg. 5
Ezair Commercia Polynomials

iv: The number of zeroes is 2, as the graph intersects the X-Axis


at 2 points.
v: The number of zeroes is 4, as the graph intersects the X-Axis
at 4 points.
vi: The number of zeroes is 3, as the graph intersects the X-Axis
at 3 points.

pg. 6

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