TMT Rebar: ACCELERATING DEMAND

SEEKING CAPACITY & QUALITY

Final Report 2023

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Contents
The History of TMT................................................................................................ 4

TMT: The Evolution................................................................................................ 5

The Manufacturing Process.................................................................................. 6

The Dramatic Rise................................................................................................. 7

The Chemical Composition................................................................................... 8

The Attributes of TMT............................................................................................ 9

The Quality Check............................................................................................... 10

Technical Aspects of TMT................................................................................... 11

Decreasing the Construction Cost...................................................................... 12

Significance of Ribs............................................................................................. 13

How To Avoid Rusting?....................................................................................... 13

Advancement in TMT Rebars.............................................................................. 13

Advantages of TMT Rebars in Construction....................................................... 15

Future of TMT Rebar Market............................................................................... 16

Drivers of TMT Rebar Demand............................................................................ 16

Economic Revival................................................................................................ 17

Factors to Boost Future Demand of TMT Rebars............................................... 17

Test Results of 31 Samples Examined................................................................ 20

Company Profile.................................................................................................. 24

TMT Bar – The Accelerator................................................................................. 27

1
FCC Research Report

Sixth Edition, 2023

Published by

FIRST Construction Council

A-303, Navbharat Estates, Zakaria Bunder Road,
Sewri (West), Mumbai - 400 015.
Tel: 91-22-2419 3000
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Website: FirstConstructionCouncil.com

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and has been made available to the individual to whom it is addressed on the understanding that its content and
copyrights will not be misused. Reproduction of any part of this work by any process whatsoever without written
permission of FIRST Construction Council is strictly prohibited.

All the information presented in this report has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. However, FIRST
Construction Council will not accept any responsibility or liability for commercial decisions that are claimed to
have been made based on this report.

2
INTRODUCTION

The FIRST Construction Council (FCC) is an infrastructure think-tank, focused on

providing the latest updates on the construction industry in India, and dedicated to
promoting its causes and needs. FCC provides a platform to promote the adoption
of best practices, and be the torchbearer for all policy initiatives that are needed to
enhance the importance and welfare of the construction industry and the industry’s
unified voice.

Vision
To be the comprehensive source for all information needs of the construction
companies and the industry’s stakeholders, the catalyst for adopting best practices,
the torchbearer for all policy initiatives needed to enhance the importance and
welfare of the industry and be the industry’s unified voice.

Mission
To encourage, enhance and empower the construction industry, trade and business
in India, through promotion, advocacy and representation, so that it can scale
sustainably amongst the finest in the world.

What We Do
FCC, through its various resources, is in constant dialogue with state and city
governments, and leaders from the industry in order to identify opportunities
to improve its state, as well as provide opportunities to private players to get
involved in the next phase of infrastructure growth in the country. We have
conducted stakeholder meetings with the aim of connecting government officials
with industrialists, who can offer their expertise and investments on projects.
Additionally, we have conducted numerous round-table meetings, with the aim of
changing the dynamics of the construction industry, discussing its requirements
and shortcomings, and to formulate solutions for the future. We have been joined
by top architects and builders as well as leaders from the solar, real estate,
equipment, finance, smart city and technology industries in order to create a holistic
environment for creative discussion.

Our Resources
Armed with a team of dedicated researchers, FCC has been able to publish relevant
articles in multiple magazines, and provide newsletters on the latest happenings
in the industry. Our vast database department enables us to provide the most
accurate and updated information on the industry.

3
FCC Research Report

ACCELERATING DEMAND
SEEKING CAPACITY & QUALITY
THE HISTORY OF TMT
The history of TMT bars takes us back to the 1800s when it started in America and Great Britain.
The production of steel bars was a stepping stone for economic and cultural growth, taking the world to the next
level of advancement in technology.
Steel bars became the backbone of many industrial revolutions.
India started manufacturing steel in 400 BCE, where it was used in arrows. However, it was recognized with Bengal
Iron Works (BIW) which was set up in West Bengal in 1874.
India got global recognition when Tata Iron and Steel companies were established by the great Jamshedji Tata in
1907.
The manufacturing of steel was at its initial stages and the structures built were using mild steel bars which were
not adequate and needed advancement.
As the practice continued to install steel bars with concrete for better strength, TMT bars came into existence.
These TMT bars flourished in steel industries with huge opportunities and took them to new heights.

4
 The history of takes us back to
the 1800s when it started in
The production of steel bars was a stepping stone for America and Great Britain.
economic and cultural growth, taking the world to the
next level of advancement in technology.

India started manufacturing steel in 400 BCE,

where it was used in arrows. However, it was
recognized with Bengal Iron Works (BIW) which Steel bars became the backbone of
was set up in West Bengal in 1874. many industrial revolutions.

The manufacturing of steel was at its initial

stages and the structures built were using mild India got global recognition when Tata Iron
steel bars which were not adequate and and Steel companies were established by
needed advancement. the great Jamshedji Tata in 1907.

As the practice continued to install steel

These TMT bars flourished in steel
bars with concrete for better strength,
industries with huge opportunities and
TMT bars came into existence.
took them to new heights.

TMT: THE EVOLUTION

Though it is a fact that TMT bars are the stars yet we know very little about these metals.
There is no second thought that TMT bars are the future of India and are capable of building a strong nation than
any other metal in the whole world. While building a structure the structure must be supported with strong material.
Hence, mild steel was used in the initial days of steel or iron manufacturing which were during World War 2. During
this time many metals were introduced that were barely made into the market as they lacked the strength to withhold
high stress or pressure.
The search for a new metal went on and at the later stages of World War 2, deformed bars were introduced which
became quite popular in the market compared to mild steel bars. These bars were upgradation of mild steel bars
which had 415 MPa.
It was also called (CTD) Cold Twisted Deformed bars which were manufactured with a unique method of rolling
the hot steel bar which resulted in 60% higher strength when compared to mild steel bars. These bars ruled the
construction field for the next two decades.
Though the CTD bars were stronger compared to MS bars, there were still improvements that can be done in
CTD bars. Hence the search for stronger steel bars went on with more research and development. Using some of
the advanced technology
EXTRACTION OF the industries came up with a new and much stronger steel bar which is TMT bars (Thermo
Mechanical Treatment).
IRON FROM ITS ORE SHAPING INTO A QUENCHING
REINFORCED BAR
This innovation brought a new wave to steel industries and made TMT bars one of the best steel bars worldwide.
These bars are capable of withstanding earthquakes and floods as they are manufactured using unique methods. The
process includes heating the steel bar to 900oC and suddenly cooling it making the outer layer hard and the inner layer
soft.
First, the TMT bar was introduced in 1979 with a Grade called Fe415 which was used widely for construction
ATMOSPHERIC
purposes. The Fe 415 is very flexible and can be bent to any shape without any special tools.
SELF-TEMPERING COOLING
Then, came the Fe 500D, which was and also has been present in the market for a very long time and was very
well known for its strength when compared to the Fe 415. In Fe 500 one can opt for Fe 500D or Fe 500S for better
stability or ductility. It was majorly used for multi-story buildings
Fe 550 grade was one of the best TMT bars which was used as a common steel bar for all types of works as it
has great tensile strength compared to all other TMT steel bars. It is mainly used for large industrial construction which
requires a great amount of strength.
One of the strongest and most well-known TMT bars and recommended by every constructor is Fe 600 grade TMT
bars. This is a superior TMT bar in comparison and is used to build bridges, tunnels, towers, and so on.

5
FCC Research Report

THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS The history of takes us back to

theTMT
Understanding the process of manufacturing TMT steel is vital for the construction business. 1800s bars
when ithave
startedtwo
in
America and Great Britain.
cores, namely, the outer hard core and
Thethe inner ofsoft
production steelcore.
bars was a stepping stone for
economic and cultural growth, taking the world to the
next level of advancement in technology.
The quality of a TMT bar depends upon various factors such as:
• The quality of the material being used
• The machinery and equipment used for quenching and self-tempering process
• The rolling mill which gives shape
India started to the material
manufacturing steel in 400 BCE,
where it was used in arrows. However, it was
recognized with Bengal Iron Works (BIW) which Steel bars became the backbone of
The five main processes that takewas setplace are:
up in West Bengal in 1874. many industrial revolutions.
• Extraction of material from iron ore
• Reinforced bar formation
• Quenching The manufacturing of steel was at its initial
• Self- tempering
stages and the structures built were using mild India got global recognition when Tata Iron
• Atmospheric steelCooling
bars which were not adequate and and Steel companies were established by
needed advancement. the great Jamshedji Tata in 1907.

Extraction of iron from its ore

Raw materials such as coke, iron ore, dolomite, and limestone are put into a blast furnace and treated with hot
gases while in their molten form. The molten state of iron is pre-treated and converted into steel. The chemical
As the practice continued to install steel
These TMT bars
composition offlourished
the steelin steel
is then refined by passing through
bars with concreteladle heating.
for better strength,The molten form is then poured into a casting
industries with huge opportunities and
machinetook to produce
them to newthe desired shape.
heights.
TMT bars came into existence.

Shaping into a reinforced bar

The molten steel is heated up to 1250oC to reach the required shape and is then rolled in a rolling mill to reshape
them into reinforced bars.

Quenching
The heated steel bars are then cooled down or quenched by a rapid cooling process which causes the material
to avoid attaining certain undesirable properties. After the steel is processed and made into reinforced bars, there is
a certain time frame during which the material may acquire undesirable properties. The rapid cooling of the steel is
known as the quenching of steel-reinforced bars. Quenching reduces the window of time during which the material
is thermodynamically favourable towards attaining undesirable characteristics such as crystallisation of the material.
Quenching prevents the steel from forming a crystalline structure.

EXTRACTION OF
IRON FROM ITS ORE SHAPING INTO A QUENCHING
REINFORCED BAR

ATMOSPHERIC
SELF-TEMPERING COOLING

6
 Self-tempering
After the quenching process, the material cools down and the core of the bar is at a higher temperature than
the surface. The heat is transferred from the core to the outer surface of the bar. As a result, the outer structure is
tempered. This self-tempering process causes the formation of a ring made of martensite and bainite and the outer
surface is known as tempered martensite.

Atmospheric cooling
After the self-tempering process is completed, the bars are laid out on a cooling bed at normal temperature.
This is done to level the difference between the hardened surface and the soft inner core. After reaching normal
temperature, the core attains a ferrite-pearlite structure. Atmospheric cooling makes the TMT bar more weldable
and the core is ductile.

THE DRAMATIC RISE

• TMT bars’ carbon content is limited to 0.2% to achieve weldability and suffers no strength loss.
• Ordinary electrodes can weld joints without any extra precaution.
• Due to their tough exterior and soft interiors, they have incredible ductility.
TMT bars tick all three crucial boxes, strength, weldability, and ductility, making them economical and safe for
usage. A bonus is the corrosion resistance that TMT bars obtain since the cooling process avoids the formation of
coarse carbide. The soft ferrite pearlite increases seismic loading.

TMT rebars and the Indian market

India’s iron and steel industry has come to occupy a dominant place in the country’s socio-economic
development. India also ranks seventh as the largest crude steel-producing nation in the world. The Indian steel
industry has gone through tumultuous business cycles, with several ups and downs. Today the industry is on the
cusp of a significant change as it gears toward an expansion of ambitious standards.
The secondary producers of the Indian steel industry are joining forces with the main producers. The emergence
of secondary producers has initially been modest in the post-liberalized decade in the steel scene. Still, it steadily
contributes to the development of the domestic steel and iron industry in aspects of capacity, production, spread,
necessitation, and commodity basket.
Steel production in India received a massive boost with the introduction of the Industrial Policy Resolution of
1956. This is where the public sector saw three SAIL plants being set up in the late 1950s and the fourth one in
the early 1970s. These plants, along with VISL, TISCO, and IISCO (now a part of SAIL), were the sole producers of
integrated steel till the eighties (RINL came into production in the early nineties)
There was a rising demand for the secondary sector for smaller-scale steel producers in the seventies.
Specifically, for those who had opted for induction furnace routes or the scrap-DRI-based electric arc furnace,
particularly for meeting local demands.
Semi-finished billets and ingots manufactured by this part led to the commissioning of considerable re-rolling
units to transform semi-finished steel into rods and bars that can be utilised mainly in the construction industry.
The re-rolling part faced several market challenges, especially in high energy consumption and prices. However,
there is a bright prospect of future growth, given the pace of construction and infrastructure activities. Experts
estimate that the secondary producers in total crude steel production will increase from the current under -50%
mark to at least 53%.
Today, there is an increase of foreign steel plants setting up steel plants in India, gearing up to venture into
their dream project as the steel industry of India prepares for a new era - an era that will include the dominance
of the Indian iron and steel industry. The steady growth of the Indian economy because of the steel industry has
also increased infrastructure from township complexes to roads, bridges, and civil construction projects, which
guarantees the continuous demand for TMT bars.

7
FCC Research Report

THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

Fe 415/415D grade
Fe 415/415D TMT steel bars are highly ductile TMT reinforcement bars, which are manufactured for small-
scale construction projects. It can be easily bent into the most complex shapes, making it perfect for small-load
constructions.

Chemical composition (percentage max)

• Carbon – 0.30/0.25
• Sulphur – 0.06/.0045
• Phosphorous – 0.06/0.045
• S+P – 0.110/0.085

Mechanical properties
• Minimum Yield Strength – 415/415 N/sq.mm
• Ultimate Tensile Strength – 485/500 N/sq.mm
• Elongation (percentage) – 14.5/18.0
• Ration (UTS/YS) – ≥ 1.10/1.12

Use in construction
Fe 415/415 D is used for reinforcing residential homes, and small-scale infrastructures. They have high uniform
elongation and are used in earthquake-prone regions. Construction firms may also opt for Fe 415S or Fe 415D if they
require additional seismic stability.

Fe 500/500D grade
Fe 500/500D grade is regarded as a market standard across many construction projects. Its alternatives, Fe 500D
and Fe 500S are popular choices that offer greater seismic stability.
Chemical composition (percentage max)
• Carbon – 0.30
• Sulphur- 0.055
• Phosphorous – 0.055
• S+P – 0.105
Mechanical properties
• Minimum Yield Strength – 500/500 N/sq.mm
• Ultimate Tensile Strength – 545/565 N/sq.mm
• Elongation (percentage) – 12.0/16.0
• Ration (UTS/YS) – ≥ 1.08/1.10

Use in construction
Fe 500/500D bars are used across a range of residential, commercial, and multi-storey projects. They offer greater
tensile strength than Fe 415 to provide stability to high-rise projects while resisting load better. Additionally, Fe 500D
bars offer greater ductility, making them perfect for infrastructure construction in areas with high seismic activity. They
have a superior minimum percentage elongation of 16%, compared to that of Fe 500 at a standard 12%.

Fe 550/550D grade
Fe 550/550D grade bars have greater tensile strength and can be used across a range of large-scale projects.
Chemical composition (percent max)
• Carbon – 0.30/0.25
• Sulphur – 0.055/0.040
• Phosphorous – 0.050/0.040
• S+P – 0.100/0.075

Mechanical properties
• Minimum Yield Strength – 550/550 N/sq.mm
• Ultimate Tensile Strength – 585/600 N/sq.mm

8
• Elongation (percentage) – 10/14.5
• Ration (UTS/YS)- ≥ 1.06/1.08

Use in construction
Procurement managers in construction can source Fe 550/550D grade TMT when developing industrial and large-
format infrastructure projects. Bridges, industrial projects, and structures requiring high load-bearing capacities can
leverage Fe 550/550D grade TMT. They’re especially impactful in coastal, marine, and underground environments as
well.

Fe 600 grade
Fe 600 is one of the strongest TMT grades that construction firms acquire while developing heavy-duty
infrastructure projects, bridges, and marine facilities. They offer greater tensile strength and ensure lesser steel
congestion within the reinforcement.

Chemical composition (percentage max)

• Carbon – 0.30
• Sulphur- 0.04
• Phosphorous – 0.04
• S+P – 0.075

Mechanical properties
• Minimum Yield Strength – 600 N/sq.mm
• Ultimate Tensile Strength – 660 N/sq.mm
• Elongation (percentage) – 10
• Ration (UTS/YS)- ≥ 1.06

Use in construction
Fe 600 may be used in the construction of expressways, steel plants, water towers, commercial properties, and
industrial zones. They’re used extensively when large-scale projects need to be developed keeping load bearing, and
durability.

THE ATTRIBUTES OF TMT

Ductility and strength

Compared to regular reinforcement bars, the strength of TMT bars is what sets them apart and makes them the
best choice for any structure. The reason for their strength and ductility is the intense cooling it receives. During the
manufacturing process passes through a water-cooling system which causes the outer surface to harden. The ribbed
texture of the TMT bar also allows better bonding with the concrete giving it more strength, while the flexibility makes
the bars easier to work with.

Corrosion resistance
Based on the manufacturing process, the TMT bars have anti-rust properties. Due to the intense cooling, coarse
carbide, which is the leading cause of the corrosion, does not get an opportunity to build up, making the bars more
durable.

Fire resistance
For a structure to have longevity, fire safety is a necessity. The perk of using TMT bars is their high thermal stability.
Due to this, they can tolerate extreme temperatures ranging from 400 to 600oC and can retain more than 80% of their
ambient temperature yield strength at 300°.

Weldability
TMT bars have high weldability; because of this quality, TMT is an exceptional choice for architects who intend
to innovate and create unorthodox designs without compromising on the structural integrity of the building. The low
carbon content not only makes weldability easier, but since there is no pre- or post-welding treatment, it makes the
process easier for the workers.

9
FCC Research Report

Earthquake proof
TMT bars are favourite during construction projects due to their ability to withstand high levels of stress and
pressure because of their fatigue-resistant properties. One natural calamity that causes the most property damage
is an earthquake. The soft inner core and the hard exterior make the bars very ductile, which allows them to absorb
shock causing minimal damage to the property.

Cost-effective
Because of its tensile strength, high elongation value, and uniform sectional weight per unit, using TMT bars in your
construction project saves up to 20% steel, in turn saving money. Its high structural strength also reduces the cost of
production. On top of that, these bars are easier to manage on-site, reducing construction and fabrication costs.
The search for a quality TMT bar starts from its very inception. Known for its soft inner core and hard exterior, it will
have no value if it is not manufactured correctly. TMT bars have an advanced manufacturing technique that includes
three essential components: Quenching, Self-tempering, and Atmospheric cooling.

THE QUALITY CHECK

1. Flexibility and endurance under stress

The TMT bars you choose must be both strong and flexible so they can be bent to your specifications during
construction and robust enough to withstand all the weight and pressure placed on them for many years to come.
Poor-quality bars will eventually begin to fail, endangering people and their possessions. A high-grade TMT rod
won’t crack even when bent at an angle of 90 degrees or more, so be sure to pay attention to this aspect.

2. Stress test for yield

There are a few queries regarding the level of tension the material can withstand and when does plastic deformation
begin. During the yield stress exam, solutions to these kinds of problems can be found.
Until the yield point, the material will bend elastically before returning to its initial shape once the stress is released.
The material can be highly categorized into two main classifications namely brittle and ductile.
Within the category of ductile materials, steel, and aluminium frequently fail. Cast iron and glass, on the other hand,
belong to the category of brittle materials. Eventually, the stress-strain curve can be simultaneously used in comparing
the two major portions.

3. Run in terms of mass per meter

Cut samples from several bundles that are at least 4 bars long and 1 meter long. Measure the length of any cut
bars by taking an average measurement along at least four sides. On the scale, weigh the bar, and note the result in
the register.
Determine the real average weight for at least three samples per meter of the bar. The outcome can be compared
to the theoretical weight specified in IS 1786. Verify whether the weight variation is within the allowed range according
to IS specifications.

4. Chemical composition
Chemical composition testing is done in a spectrometer to perform a chemical test on the 26 elements that make
up the TMT bar. The test of the chemical composition takes a few seconds, and the results of the composition are
given in printed form.
It is done to figure out the carbon, phosphorus, and sulphur ratios. Further, to determine the quantity of copper,
manganese, and chromium, a spectrometer can be initially used.

5. Bend test
Bend the bar 180 degrees and see the rebar’s reaction. It shouldn’t break or shatter as a result.

6. Re-bend test
Bend the bar at a 135-degree angle and watch the rebar’s reaction. It should spend 30 minutes in 100°C hot water.
Next, bend at a 157.5° angle and watch the rebar’s reaction. The result is that the bar must bend without cracking.

10
TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF TMT
BIS Specifications of weight per kg/mtr
Size (mm) BIS Standard
8 0.367-0.423
10 0.570-0.660
12 0.844-0.932
16 1.501-6.659
20 2.396-2.544
25 3.735-3.965

Ratio of steel to concrete

In civil engineering, the thumb rule for steel to concrete ratio is 100:130. It means for every 130 kg of concrete,
100 kg of steel is needed which strengthens the structure in RCC. If this ratio is not maintained, it would weaken the
structure and can induce fatal cracks. Based on the construction type, the ratio of TMT steel bar to concrete is:
• Civil Construction / Heavy Industrial Construction = 130 kg/m3
• Commercial Construction = 100 kg/m3
• Institutional Construction = 90 kg/m3
• Residential Construction = 85 kg/m3

In case of civil construction, the structure remains unchanged, but for building construction the ratio may vary.
It depends upon the nature of the building. For instance, a multi-storied building is meant to be strong rather than
a three-storied building. The steel bars that are used for construction should be best in quality and the factors that
determine the strength of concrete are:
• Age of concrete
• Temperature in the applied place
• Humidity in that area
• Curing
• Quality of other raw materials

For different parts of the house, different quantities of reinforcement bars are needed. An estimation chart below will
explain how much TMT bar is required in kg for different parts of a building.
Building Parts Requirement of Steel TMT Bars in kg
Ground beams 230-330
Columns 200-450
Beams 150-300
Load 150
Capping beams 135
Stairs bearing slabs 130-170
Joint beams 130-170
Rafts 115
Light loaded columns 110-200
Walls (Retainers) 110-150
Pile Caps 110-150
Light loaded beams 100-150
Plate slabs 95-135
Bases 90-130
Floor slabs 80-120
One-way slabs 75-125
Two-way slabs 67-135

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FCC Research Report

Nominal cover to meet durability requirements

Exposure Nominal Cover in mm not less than
Mild 20
Moderate 30
Severe 40
Very Severe 70
Extreme 70

Nominal cover to meet specified period of fire resistance

Nominal Cover
Fire Beams Slabs Ribs Column
Resistance Simply Simply Simply
Continuous Continuous Continuous
Supported Supported Supported
h mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
0.5 20 20 20 20 20 20 40
1 20 20 20 20 20 20 40
1.5 20 20 25 20 35 20 40
2 40 30 35 25 45 35 40
3 60 40 45 35 55 45 40
4 70 50 55 45 65 55 40
Source: IS 1786 (2008), IS 456 (2000)

TMT rebars are used in the construction of expressways, metro projects, plants, towers, commercial properties,
and industrial zones. It comes in different diameters like 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 20mm, 25mm, 32mm, 36mm. It
is very important to know the size requirements for different projects.

DECREASING THE CONSTRUCTION COST

Easy maintenance
Every builder, after installing steel bars into the structure, goes through a process of spending money on maintaining
the building after construction. In the case of TMT, bar maintenance is not required. As the bars are corrosion-resistant
and have superior bonding strength with the cement. TMT bars are manufactured with a unique process that helps the
steel bar stay robust and can resist humid weather conditions.

Require less quantity

During the construction steel bars are installed between the cement to withstand the pressure of the structure.
Common steel bars have to be installed more in quantity but when it comes to using TMT bars very little quantity is
required. TMT bars are well known for their strength and flexibility when compared to other common steel bars. This
helps to reduce coat consumption while installing the bars.

Protects from natural calamities

While constructing the building all the builders aim to build it strong and can withstand natural calamities, especially
earthquakes. We can make this happen by using TMT bars as their unique features help to withstand earthquakes.
Thus, it is protecting the building against damage.

Less storage space required

During the construction of the house, the steel bars have to be stored in a room for security purposes. This can
cost us more but with TMT bars we can easily store the bars in a smaller space available. Due to its special flexible
quality, it can be easily bent to any size required. As the bars are manufactured from the Thermax process, the bars are
lightweight resulting in low-cost consumption due to lesser laborers.

12
Low transportation charges
On the verge of constructing a building, every material has to be transported from one place to another and TMT
bars can cost us less for transportation. As it is lightweight and flexible, a huge amount of TMT steel bars can be
transported at once resulting in less cost for transportation.

SIGNIFICANCE OF RIBS
Ribs provide effective binding strength within TMT bars and concrete. It makes the entire structure robust that
becomes capable of withstanding the mar of earthquakes or flood-like calamities.
Ribs further ensure building the finest grip in concrete. Therefore, it ultimately diminishes the chances of slipping or
sliding during the construction processes.
it contributes to increasing the lifespan of a building structure due to its incredible weldability. Alongside this, it
enhances bonding strength by 2-4% with concrete.
Besides, it spreads out the load uniformly across TMT bars, thus enhancing the strength of the bars effectively.
Interestingly, the maintenance cost of these sorts of bars is relatively low compared to others.
Lastly, types of ribs in TMT bars include reinforced steel bars with circular sections, bars with double rows,
longitudinal ribs, transverse ribs, and much more. Besides it, the height of the ribs is from where it starts and goes up
to the core’s surface.

HOW TO AVOID RUSTING?

There are several methods one can follow to prevent TMT bars from rusting even when they are exposed to water
and air. Some of the methods are:

It is a method of applying an external layer of Zinc over iron or steel to prevent

Galvanizing
it from corrosion.

It is one of the common methods that has been practiced for a long time of
Painting
applying a thin layer of paint which may prevent it from rusting

Rustproofing It is a type of oil that is applied to the whole of the steel bar which acts as
sprays corrosion-resistant.

Electrochemical It is a method where an electric charge is passed which prevents rusting by

treatment suppressing electrochemical reactions.

Hot dipping The steel bar is dipped into hot molten zinc at a persistent temperature.

Thermo mechanical It has been one of the best and most successful methods that have been
treatment used by many industries to prevent corrosion.

ADVANCEMENT IN TMT REBARS

Fusion bonded epoxy coated TMT steel rebar

Fusion bonding is joining two materials that usually have a significant difference in mechanical properties by using a
bonding agent such as epoxy resin. The result is a stronger, more durable, and more attractive material that is relatively
easy to machine.
Epoxy is a clear, colourless, oily liquid with a high melting point that is used as a bonding agent in the production of
polymers. When epoxy resin comes in contact with a steel bar, it forms a bond with carbon in the presence of oxygen.
The bonds are relatively strong, and the resulting material is a highly-resistant metal epoxy-coated steel.

The epoxy coating works in a few steps:

• Steel bar is fused with epoxy
• The fused bar is cure ready
• The epoxy is deposited on the steel bar

13
FCC Research Report

• The epoxy is scraped off

• The steel is dry-cured
• Hot-stamping epoxy coating

The aesthetic appeal of the final product is higher. The grain structure and internal stresses in plain epoxy-
coated steel are retained, making the material less likely to fatigue. The process makes it easier to machine, which
improves productivity. It is less expensive. It has a higher tensile strength than plain epoxy-coated steel.

Benefits of using epoxy-coated steel

Epoxy has a long history as a corrosion-resistant and weather-proofing material. It is also a solid and durable
material, able to weather hard work and heavy exposure to the elements. It’s also solid in the right environment, so
it is often used in building applications.
Epoxy is self-lubricating, which means it will flow where it’s applied, and it will lap back into place if exposed to
friction. This property makes it an excellent material for applications such as automotive body panels, boat decks,
or even structural supports like the arches at the top of the bridge.
Epoxy is also incredibly affordable. You can easily save 10% or more by opting for epoxy-coated steel instead
of a plain one.
Although the epoxy coating is an excellent material for all applications, it is most effective when used up-front.
The more time passes between application and use; the less effective the coating will be. The bonds formed during
the up-front process are more robust than in-between applications.

Galvanised Reinforcement Steel Bars

Galvanised steel reinforcement bars or galvanized rebars are steel rebars that have been galvanized with a
coating of Zinc for making them more corrosion-resistant and durable.

Benefits of galvanized reinforcement steel bars

Simple steel rebars have to rely only on protection from the concrete surrounding them. But concrete is not
impenetrable and cannot stop corrosive elements such as chloride salts from coming in contact with the steel.
The zinc coating on the rebar acts as a protective layer as it prevents corrosive elements present in the
concrete from reacting with the steel and oxidizing it. In particular, galvanized steel has shown great resistance
against chloride salt attacks and concrete carbonation.
Not only does zinc offer protection to the steel in this manner, but it also provides cathodic protection to the
steel as the zinc corrodes preferentially when in contact with unprotected steel. This means that in the case
that there are minor coating discontinuities on the rebar, the bare steel will be given protection by the zinc that
surrounds it.
Also, the alloy layers are stronger than the pure steel core, which makes them capable of resisting abrasion and
rough handling. Thus, the steel core remains unharmed when rebars are galvanized properly. The use of galvanized
reinforcement steel bars makes the construction more durable.

Galvanizing process
While most manufacturers use the hot dip galvanizing process for zinc coating the steel bars, The Continuous
Galvanizing Rebars (CGR) technology ensures the superior quality of the bars. In this process, the zinc is
metallurgically bonded to the steel. As opposed to paints and epoxy coatings which can be removed relatively
easily from the surface of the steel, the steel and zinc come together and mix in a manner that they cannot be
separated easily. This makes galvanizing a more reliable and durable method of coating and increases the life of
the rebar without adding the need for regular maintenance.
When molten zinc and steel come in contact and react, layers of iron-zinc alloys (eta, zeta, delta, gamma) are
formed which act as a coating for the steel rebar. On the inside, the coating is a mix of steel and zinc, but the
outer surface of the coating is pure zinc. Even if the outer layer corrodes, the inner core of the steel will remain
unaffected.
Thus, galvanizing increases the life of concrete structures and brings down their maintenance costs.

Thermex Technology
Thermex is a new advanced and modern technology for manufacturing TMT bars. Due to this unique way of
production, TMT bars are also called TMX bars. Thermex bars are licensed technology from Germany used in the

14
manufacture of ultra-strength TMT bars of the next generation.
There are several methods and Thermex has been proven to be one of the most efficient methods to produce
flexible, weldable TMT bars. Thermex is a process that includes quenching of water and self-tempering at different
temperatures to make the steel bar hard and strong. This has not only helped to build many skyscrapers, bridges,
towers, etc. but also to build underground tunnels with high humidity.

Advantages of Thermex Technology

It has been proven that Thermex technology TMT bars are high-quality steel bars withstanding huge stress
in times of natural calamities. This type of technology has helped the TMT bars to participate in all types of
construction and has been an all-rounder for builders. Thermex TMT bars have a high yield strength of 450-500 N/
mm2 with high elongation.
This method results in a cooled hardened outer layer and soft inner area. Apart from being a tougher steel bar
Thermex also provides some of the best features such as:

Cost reduction:
Though the steel bars can withstand heavy amounts of stress they are lightweight which results in less labour
work and cost reduction. During construction steel bars are used in a very small amount as Thermex TMT bars
are ultra-strong.

Transportation:
Due to its lightweight feature transportation has been easy and stress-free with very minimum cost. While
constructing a structure the steel bars have to be bent in different shapes to build a house and Thermex TMT bars
are the best example for better weldability and flexibility.

ADVANTAGES OF TMT BARS IN CONSTRUCTION

Right fit for earthquake prone zones

It is essential to use high-grade TMT bars as it maintains a perfect balance between strength and flexibility. The
bars can hold the structure during any natural calamity and keep it uprooted with the required tensile strength.
The bars, with their soft inner core and hard outer shell, help the buildings stand stable during a catastrophe. Due
to the feature, the bars can endure the dynamic and seismic pressure created by earthquakes and other natural
disasters. The high fatigue-resistance quality of the TMT bars resists the seismic load with its high ductility. Hence,
the bars are best suited for construction projects in the earthquake and other natural disaster-prone areas.

Provides strength and ductility

One of the distinctive benefits of the TMT bars is that they feature high ductility and bendability. The high
stability of the TMT bars makes them a perfect choice for various types of construction projects. The unique
pattern of the bars offers extra strength and binds them more tightly to the concrete structure. Due to this, the
builders can create pre-welded meshes, eliminating the need for manual binding. The bars are highly flexible in
nature, and they do not catch cracks even after bending 180 degrees.

Fire resistant and corrosion resistant

The TMT bars manufacturing process attributes the steel bars with anti-rust properties. Coarse carbides
cause corrosion in steel in the long run. The bars contain rust-resistant chemicals like sulphur, copper, carbon,
and phosphorus. There was a dire need to invent a construction material to make the buildings more robust
and durable. The affordable TMT bars come with a lot of engineering and construction advantages. The thermo
mechanical treated steel bars are an inevitable part of the construction job. The corrosion-resistance properties
with superior bonding lessen the maintenance and repair costs.

Solid bonding strength

Two core components that strengthen the TMT bars are adhesion and friction. When the cement shrinks,
it binds the bars tightly from all around. It requires a specific water-cement ratio to solidify the structure. The
strength depends on the connection between the TMT bars and the cement surface. Adding substances like
methylcellulose or latex boosts the bond strength.

15
FCC Research Report

Easy to work
The high ductility and bendability of the thermo mechanical treated steel bars make the labour process convenient
at the construction site. The flexibility and light weight of the bars makes it smoother and hassle-free to assemble
and transport them. The lightweight feature of the bars makes it easy for the workers to carry them from one side to
another without hurting themselves. It is one of the fundamental features of why TMT bars are so convenient and an
option to work with on construction sites.

Cost-effective construction solution

Steel is a key construction element worldwide. With the increase in construction activities, the demand for high-
strength steel bars has risen to an excellent level. With the hike in demand for steel products, there has been an
increase in its cost. The cost of the TMT bars is affordable based on their thickness and strength. With their unique
properties, like high elongation, the bars result in lesser steel quantity consumption, resulting in a low construction
cost. The cost might deem high if you consider it as a one-time payment.

FUTURE OF TMT REBAR MARKET

According to the Indian iron and steel industry, the TMT steel rebar market has been increasing at a faster rate
with a significant growth rate over the years, and it is likely to increase significantly in the projected period of 2022 to
2030.
Market share: TMT steel rebar market share is predicted to expand by 153.02 million tonnes between 2021 and
2026, at a CAGR of 3.50%.
Market challenge: The rising iron ore costs are one of the major barriers to the global TMT steel rebar market’s
expansion. The trade war between the United States and China has risen the costs of basic metals such as
aluminium and copper, whereas iron ore prices are resisting this downward trend due to robust demand and supply
of crude iron and related products such as steel.
Market driver: Steel demand is one of the most promising factors influencing the market development. Steel is
the foundation of the world’s building sector. The global TMT steel rebar market is expected to rise significantly during
the forecast period, owing to the rising demand for steel in contemporary designs.
The TMT steel rebar market is driven by different factors such as rise in demand for low-cost reinforcement bars
and surge in construction projects such as dams and bridges across the world. Moreover, increase in government
support for steel and coal production and advantages offered by TMT steel bar over torsional bars are the key factors
that augment the growth of the TMT steel bar industry.
The growth potential of TMT bars is very promising, mainly because of the speed and scale of the infrastructure
and the construction activities. Since India is still a budding market, construction-related works have a tremendous
scope, which can pump the demand potential in the steel and TMT industry markets.

DRIVERS OF TMT REBAR DEMAND

TMT rebar is essential for any type of construction. With growth in the infrastructure and housing sectors, there
is good demand of TMT rebar across India, especially in the tier 2, 3 & 4 cities. While the demand in housing sector
is expected to be strong in the next 2-3 years, however, the demand in infrastructure sector will depend on the
government projects getting funds on timely basis. The central government projects are getting funded on time, but
certain state projects are getting delayed in releasing the funds by state government, which is causing a deferment in
demand, and in turn is impacting the growth.
Government initiatives such as Smart Cities, Affordable Housing, and building of industrial corridors will boost
India’s steel demand. This will result in enhanced connectivity, reduced logistical costs and well-distributed
development across all the states. Further, support to development of the steel industry is expected to come through
the ‘Make in India’ initiative, which aims to transform India into a global design and manufacturing hub, with sectors
along the industrial and freight corridors.
India is 9th among the world crude steel producers and produces around 32.8 million tonnes of steel. Although
India is the largest producer of sponge iron, but its per capita consumption of steel is about 32 kg per annum. India’s
finished steel consumption is anticipated to increase to 230 MT by 2030-31 from 133.596 MT in FY22.
The steel industry is witnessing consolidation of players, which has led to investment by entities from other
sectors. The ongoing consolidation also presents an opportunity to global players to enter the Indian market. Under
the Union Budget 2022-23, the government allocated `47 crore to the Ministry of Steel.
In FY22, the production of crude steel and finished steel stood at 133.596 MT and 120.01 MT, respectively.
The consumption of finished steel stood at 105.751 MT in FY22. In April 2022, India’s finished steel consumption

16
stood at 9.072 MT. In April-July 2022,
Finished steel export and import (in million tonnes)
the production of crude steel and finished
steel stood at 40.95 MT and 38.55 MT
14
respectively.
The annual production of steel is
anticipated to exceed 300 million tonnes 12
by 2030–2031. By 2030–31, crude steel

11.71
production is projected to reach 255

10.79
million tonnes at 85% capacity utilisation 10
achieving 230 million tonnes of finished

9.62
steel production, assuming a 10% yield

8.80
8
loss or a 90% conversion ratio for the

8.24
8.24

7.83
conversion of raw steel to finished steel.

7.48
7.22

6.69
6

6.36
ECONOMIC REVIVAL
The Indian steel industry is witnessing

4.75
a revival with the demand for the 4
4.08
construction of new buildings, factories,
and mills rising at a steady pace. The

2.75
2
economic resurgence has boosted the
demand for iron ore, hot rolled coated
steel, TMT bars, carbon steel, and 0
structural steel in India. The increasing FY 16 FY 17 FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 FY 21 FY 22
domestic demand and stricter norms on Imports Exports (until
October
pollution control have also forced many
2021)
small and medium-sized steel mills to
upgrade their technology. Most of them
are replacing old furnaces with state-of-the-art electrostatic precipitators or bag houses to reduce particulate matter
emissions further.

Increase in production of high-end steel products

The demand for TMT rebars in India is expected to increase on account of the increase in the production of high-
end steel products. Steel industries are investing in the production of high-grade products such as WCR, ERW, and
SAW in order to cater to the rising demand for these products from the construction and automobile industries. The
quality of these products is expected to increase in the future, thereby increasing the demand for TMT rebars in the
country.

Rising demand for automated manufacturing equipment

Design engineers are increasingly investing in automation technology to reduce the manufacturing cost of their
products. Moreover, stringent environmental regulations are also encouraging the Indian steel industries to adopt
cleaner technologies to reduce particulate matter emissions. The rising demand for automated equipment is expected
to boost the demand for TMT rebars in the country.

FACTORS TO BOOST FUTURE DEMAND OF TMT REBARS

National Steel Policy

The steel industry has emerged as a major focus area given the dependence of a diverse range of sectors on its
output as India marches ahead to become a manufacturing powerhouse through policy initiatives like ‘Make in India’.
With the industry accounting for about 2% of the nation’s GDP, India ranks as the world’s second-largest producer
of steel and is poised to overtake China as the world’s second-largest consumer of steel. Both the industry and the
nation’s export manufacturing capacity have the potential to help India regain its favourable steel trade balance.
The National Steel Policy 2017 envisages 300 million tonnes of production capacity by 2030-31. The per capita
consumption of steel has increased from 57.6 kg to 74.1 kg during the last five years. The government has a fixed
objective of increasing rural consumption of steel from the current 19.6 kg/per capita to 38 kg/per capita by 2030-31.

17
FCC Research Report

Infrastructure Vision 2025 and Goals

World 2050

GDP in PPP terms ($ trillion) Annual average growth rate (%)

GDP in PPP terms ($ trillion) 6
60 5
50
4
40
3
30
20 2

10 1
0 0
2016 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2021-2030 2031-2040 2041-2050
Germany United States India China Germany United States India China

Source: The World in 2050, PwC Source: The World in 2050, PwC

$5 Trillion Economy Plan

The economy has emerged as the world’s fifth largest, with a GPD of $3.5 trillion in 2022. An annual economic
growth of 6.5% with inflation less than 5% for the next five years holds the key for the central government’s ambitious
target of making India a $5 trillion economy. In 2019, when the $5 trillion benchmark was first voiced, it seemed like a
distant dream. Now, despite unprecedented challenges, it seems like India is in a hurry to achieve that, although the
road ahead is likely to have some speed-bumps.
Despite these challenges, India has exhibited resilience. There are many factors that are working in the favour. Many
experts believe that India is best positioned to overcome the recessionary headwinds projected for the global economy
for 2023. Although India’s growth projections have been lowered, the country is likely to remain the fastest-growing
economy in 2023 and continue moving with confidence towards the $5 trillion target.

National Infrastructure Pipeline

It is estimated that India would need to spend $4.51 trillion on infrastructure by 2030 to realise the vision of a $5
trillion economy by 2025, and to continue on an escalated trajectory until 2030. The endeavour of the NIP would be to
make this happen in an efficient manner.
India is currently ranked 70 out of 140 countries for infrastructure quality in the Global Competitiveness Index. On
road connectivity, significant work is being done under the Bharatmala Pariyojana and Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak
Yojana, which are expected to deliver gains in trunk and rural connectivity. Similarly on the quality of road infrastructure
adoption of standards in the coming years will deliver better results.

Sector-wise break-up of NIP:

• During the fiscals 2020 to 2025, sectors such as energy (24%), roads (18%), urban (17%) and railways (12%)
amount to ~71% of the projected infrastructure investments in India. The Centre (39%) and state (40%) are
expected to have almost equal share in implementing the NIP in India, followed by the private sector (21%).
• Roads, urban and housing, railways, power (conventional and unconventional) and irrigation will receive the most
from NIP amounting to almost 80% of the funds.
• Out of the total NIP of `111 lakh crore, `44 lakh crore (40%) worth of projects are under implementation, `34 lakh
crore (30%) worth of projects are at the conceptualisation stage, and `22 lakh crore (20%) worth of projects are
under development.

The Big Push

The Indian government will spend ` 10 trillion on longer term capital expenditure in 2023/24, extending a strategy
adopted to revive growth in the aftermath of the COVID crisis. The allocation is higher than the `7.5 trillion budgeted

18
 Sector-wise break-up of capital expenditure of Rs 111 lakh crore during fiscals 2020-2025

4% 3%
2%

7%
24%
8%
3%
19%
17%

12%

1%
1%

Energy Roads Railways Ports Airports Urban

Digital infra Irrigation Rural Agriculture & food Social Industrial

infrastructure processing infrastrucure infrastructure infrastructure
Source: Ministries/deportments/state governments/private sector

for in the previous year and the highest on record. The year-on-year increase of 33% is only marginally lower than last
year’s 35% jump.
A capital outlay of `2.4 trillion is provided for Railways which is highest-ever allocation since 2013-14. Only for the
Mumbai-Ahmedabad Bullet train project an estimated 70,000 tonnes of steel would be required only for the 28 bridges
being built for the journey. Recently DPR for Pune-Nashik has been given a go-ahead for a High-Speed Rail project.
An Urban Infrastructure Development Fund is being created to fortify tier 2 and 3 cities with annual allotment of `100
billion per annum. This is over and above the `160 billion allocated for Smart Cities & AMRUT. For enhancing ease of
doing business, more than 39,000 compliances have been reduced and more than 3,400 legal provisions have been
decriminalised. The bill has been introduced to amend 42 central acts and unleash the potential of the economy.

Allocation for specific ministries:

• Ministry of Defence: `5.94 trillion
• Ministry of Road Transport & Highway: `2.70 trillion
• Ministry of Railways: `2.40 trillion
• Ministry of Rural Development: `1.60 trillion

Allocation to major schemes:

Jal Jeevan Mission: `70,000 cr
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna: `79,590 cr
North East Special Infrastructure Development Scheme: `2,491 cr

Infrastructure & investment:

• Continuation of 50 year interest-free loan to state governments to incentivise infrastructure investment
• Highest ever capital outlay of `2.4 trillion for Railways
• 100 transport infrastructure projects identified for end-to-end connectivity for ports, coal, steel, fertilizer sectors
• Creating urban infrastructure in tier 2 and 3 cities via establishment of Urban Infrastructure Development Fund

19
FCC Research Report

TEST RESULTS OF 31 SAMPLES EXAMINED

Invariably the contractors are curious about the quality of the steel TMT bars used in their projects. It is an investment in trust
that is made when they invest in TMT bars. Quality control is an important way any manufacturer establishes with their products that
reach their end users in a reliable state. There is an increase in demand for steel TMT bars, with commercial builders, government
construction bodies, and private users wanting to know what scientific tests prove their quality.
FIRST Construction Council took up the mantle of aiding the industry with a detailed report on the various tests performed on
the samples submitted by some of the top players serving the TMT rebar industry.
It is evident that the impact of change in the production process of TMT rebar impacts the chemical and physical aspects
(components) of the end product. The chemical and physical compositions are important for building strength of any TMT rebar.
This report showcases how different brands have performed under the specific tests which included various chemical tests,
physical test and other ribs tests. The test results of TMT rebar of all the brands that have comprehensively passed the bend and
rebend tests, with no rupture or cracks on the rebent portion, have been categorised on diameter basis ranging between 10 mm to
32 mm.

Category: 10 mm
Brands: Shyam Steel’s 500D; Rashmi Metalik’s 500D; ARS Steel’s 550D; and Gallantt’s 500D CRS
Observation of Chemical Tests: In this category, against the maximum carbon parameter requirement of 0.25, Gallantt had
lowest carbon reading at 0.14, followed by Shyam Steel & Rashmi Metalik at 0.17 each while ARS Steels had a carbon reading of
0.2. It was also observed that the sulphur content of Gallantt was higher, followed by ARS Steels, Shyam Steel and Rashmi Metalik
respectively. However, the phosphorous content was found to be lowest with Shyam Steel’s sample followed by Rashmi Metaliks,
ARS Steels and Gallantt.
Observation of Physical Tests: On the physical parameters space, Shyam Steel had the highest TS/YS ratio of 1.13 having a
tensile strength of 653, yield stress of 575.4, and 24% of elongation. Gallantt’s TS/YS ratio too was found to be at 1.13, with yield
stress of 547.3, and 18.3% elongation. Whereas, ARS Steels had TS/YS ratio of 1.11 having a tensile strength of 708, yield stress of
636.7 and 20.4% of elongation. Rashmi Metaliks bar had TS/YS ratio of 1.10 having a tensile strength of 659, yield stress of 596.6
and 26% of elongation.
Observation of Other Tests: The other parameters like mass per return run, mean ribs area and transverse ribs results of all
the three brands were found to be significantly better than the required standards. Shyam Steel had a higher reading in all the three
aspects, followed by Rashmi Metaliks, ARS Steels and Gallantt.

Category: 12 mm
Brands: Goel TMT’s 500D; Jindal Panther’s 550D; SRMB’s 500D, 500+SR; Super Shakti’s 550D; Rashmi Metaliks’ 500D; ARS
Steels’ 550D; and Gallantt’s 500D CRS
Observation of Chemical Tests: Against the maximum carbon parameter requirement of 0.25, Gallantt had the lowest carbon
reading at 0.15, followed by Goel TMT & ARS Steels at 0.16 each, Super Shakti & Rashmi Metaliks at 0.18, while SRMB had a
reading of 0.19 followed by Jindal Panther at 0.2. It was also observed that Jindal Panther & Super Shakti had the least amount
of sulphur with a reading of 0.02 each, followed by Goel TMT & Rashmi Metaliks at 0.021 each, followed by ARS Steels at 0.023,
Gallantt at 0.032, while SRMB had a reading of 0.033. For the amount of phosphorous content a separate test was conducted and
it was observed that the phosphorous ratio of Super Shakti had a reading of 0.024, Rashmi Metaliks at 0.027, followed by ARS
Steels at 0.029, Goel TMT at 0.03, Jindal Panther at 0.032, Gallantt at 0.036 and SRMB at 0.037.
Observation of Physical Tests: During the physical tests conducted for each in this category, SRMB had the highest TS/
YS ratio of 1.18 followed by Jindal Panther & Gallantt at 1.14 each, Goel TMT at 1.13, Super Shakti at 1.12, Rashmi Metaliks at
1.11 and ARS Steels at 1.09. Super Shakti had the highest yield stress of 670.9, followed by ARS Steels at 656.5, Goel TMT at
618.3, Jindal Panther at 609.9, Rashmi Metaliks at 591.4, SRMB read as 534.4, while that of Gallantt was 508.5. The elongation
percentage of Jindal Panther, Super Shakti & Rashmi Metaliks was the highest in this category at 22%, followed by SRMB at 20%
ARS Steels at 18.6% and Goel TMT & Gallantt at 18.3% each.
Observation of Other Tests: During the physical tests conducted Goel TMT 7 Gallant had the highest mass per return run,
followed by SRMB, Jindal Panther, ARS Steels, Rashmi Metaliks and Super Shakti in the descending order. Goel TMT had the
highest mean ribs area and transverse ribs reading, which was followed by Rashmi Metaliks, Jindal Panther, Gallantt, ARS Steels,
Super Shakti, and SRMB respectively.

Category: 16 mm
Brands: Goel TMT’s 550D; Moira Saria’s 550CRS; Utkarsh TMT’s 500D; ARS Steels 550D; and A-One Steel’s 550D
Observation of Chemical Tests: It was observed that against the maximum carbon parameter of 0.25, A-One had the lowest
carbon reading at 0.17 in this category, followed by Goel TMT, Moira Saria, and ARS Steels at 0.18 each, followed by while Utkarsh
TMT had a carbon reading of 0.2. The amount of sulphur present in Goel TMT was the least at 0.024, followed by A-One at 0.029,
Kamachi at 0.031, ARS Steels at 0.036, Utkarsh TMT at 0.037, while Moira Saria had a reading of 0.039. The phosphorous ratio
of ARS Steels was the lowest at 0.034, followed by Goel TMT at 0.036, A-One at 0.037, Moira Sarai at 0.04, and Utkarsh TMT at
0.042.
Observation of Physical Tests: The TS/YS ratio of Goel TMT had the highest reading at 1.18, followed by Utkarsh TMT at
1.17, Moira Saria at 1.14, A-One at 1.13, and ARS Steels at 1.09. The yield stress of Ars Steels read the highest at 647.2, followed
by A-One at 626.4, Moira Saria at 616.4, Goel TMT at 595.8, and Utkarsh TMT at 560. Kamachi led the elongation percentage in
this category with 24%, followed by A-One at 21.5%, Utkarsh TMT with 20.2%, Moira Sariya with 20%, Goel TMT with 18.9% and

20
finally ARS Steels at 17.7%.
Observation of Other Tests: In the other tests carried out for this category, Moira Saria had the highest mass per metre run
readings, followed by Goel TMT, A-One, and Utkarsh TMT respectively. For the ribs tests carried out, Goel TMT led the way with
higher values, subsequently followed by ARS Steels, Utkarsh TMT, Moira Sariya, A-One.

Category: 20 mm
Brands: Electrotherm India Pvt Ltd’s ET TMT 550SD; Jindal Panther’s 550D; Super Shakti’s 550D; and Gallantt’s 500D CRS
Observation of Chemical Tests: The carbon content of Gallantt had lowest reading of 0.15, whereas that of ET TMT & Super
Shakti was 0.317, while that of Jindal Panther. It was found that Gallantt had a higher ratio of sulphur as well as phosphorous,
followed by Super Shakti, Jindal Panther with ET TMT showing the least amount of sulphur.
Observation of Physical Tests: During the physical tests carried out for this category, TS/YS ratio of Super Shakti was again
found to be higher, followed by Jindal Panther, ET TMT, and Gallantt respectively. Even in the yield stress test conducted, Super
Shakti stood out with a higher value followed by Jindal Panther, ET TMT, Gallantt. However, the elongation percentage of followed
by Jindal Panther at 21.2%, ET TMT at 20.2%, Gallantt at 20% and Super Shakti at 19%.
Observation of Other Tests: The mass per metre run readings was led by Super Shakti which was closely followed by
Gallantt, Jindal Panther and ET TMT. And for the two ribs tests conducted, Jindal Panther scored the highest followed by ET TMT,
Gallantt, Super Shakti.

Category: 25 mm
Brands: Electrotherm India Pvt Ltd’s ET TMT 550SD; Prime Gold’s 500D; Shyam Steel’s 500D; SRMB’s 500D, 500+SR;
Utkarsh TMT’s 500D; Gallantt’s 500D CRS; and Vizag Steel’s 500D
Observation of Chemical Tests: In this demanding category, Shyam Steel and Gallantt had the lowest carbon reading of 0.16,
closely followed by Utkarsh TMT, & Prime Gold at 0.18 each, followed by ET TMT & Vizag Steel at 0.19 and finally SRMB at 0.21.
ET TMT showed least amount of sulphur and phosphorous values, which was followed by Prime Gold, Shyam Steel, Gallantt, Vizag
Steel, SRMB and Utkarsh TMT.
Observation of Physical Tests: After performing the physical tests for this category of rebars, the TS/YS ratio of SRMB was
found to be the highest, followed by Utkarsh TMT, ET TMT, Vizag Steel, Shyam Steel and Prime Gold in the same order. However,
Prime Gold was found to have the highest amount of yield stress, ably followed by ET MT, Vizag Steel, Shyam Steel, Gallantt, SRMB
and Utkarsh TMT. The samples of ET TMT had greater elongation percentage well ahead of SRMB, Gallantt, Vizag Steel, Shyam
Steel, Utkarsh TMT and Prime Gold in the sequential order.
Observation of Other Tests: Shyam Steel had the highest mass per metre run readings in this category, marginally higher than
Gallantt, Prime Gold, Utkarsh TMT, ET TMT, closely followed by SRMB and Vizag Steel. During the ribs tests, ET TMT led the way
followed by Shyam Steel, Gallantt, Vizag Steel, Prime Gold, Utkarsh TMT, and SRMB.

Category: 32 mm
Brands: Electrotherm India Pvt Ltd’s ET TMT 550SD; Jindal Panther’s 550D; and Vizag Steel’s 500D
Observation of Chemical Tests: Although the margins were relatively very thin, ET TMT and Jindal Panther had the least
amount of carbon elements, followed by Vizag Steel. ET TMT also had least amount of sulphur, followed by Jindal Panther and
Vizag Steel. There was hardly any difference between all of them in the amount of phosphorous during the tests conducted for this
ambitious category of TMT rebar.
Observation of Physical Tests: Vizag Steel stood out in this category with highest value of TS/YS ratio followed by ET TMT
and Jindal Panther. However, yield stress of ET TMT was higher than the other two. Vizag Steel had a higher elongation ratio
compared followed by ET TMT and Jindal Panther.
Observation of Other Tests: The mass per metre run readings of Jindal Panther was found to be higher than Vizag Steel and
ET TMT. However, during the ribs tests conducted for all the brands, ET TMT showed much higher value than Vizag Steel and Jindal
Panther.

Carbon Equivalent and Nitrogen Tests

Out the overall 32 tests carried out, 17 samples were analysed for its carbon equivalent and nitrogen presence. Super Shakti
TMT rebars in all the categories were found to possess low levels of carbon equivalent and nitrogen, followed by ET TMT, A-One,
Goel TMT, ARS Steels, Vizag Steel, Jindal Panther, and Prime Gold respectively.

21
FCC Research Report

Chemical Test

Carbon Sulphur Phosporous (0.055) (S+P) Carbon Equivalent Nitrogen

Sr. Brand Dia
Grade
No Name (MM) Require- Require-
Require- Require- Require- Require-
Obser- Observa- Observa- ment (max) Observa- ment (max) Obser- Observa-
ment ment ment ment
vation tion tion (+0.005 tion (+0.01 vation tion
(max) (max) (max) (max)
variation) variation)

1 ET TMT 550SD 20 0.17 0.25 0.011 0.04 0.022 0.04 0.033 0.075 0.29 0.61 0.008 0.012

2 ET TMT 550SD 25 0.19 0.25 0.01 0.04 0.023 0.04 0.033 0.075 0.31 0.61 0.01 0.012

3 ET TMT 550SD 32 0.19 0.25 0.01 0.04 0.023 0.04 0.033 0.075 0.31 0.61 0.008 0.012

4 A-ONE 550D 16 0.17 0.25 0.029 0.04 0.037 0.04 0.066 0.075 0.3 0.61 0.007 0.012

5 ARS STEELS 550D 10 0.2 0.25 0.034 0.04 0.033 0.04 0.067 0.075 0.33 0.61 0.008 0.012

6 ARS STEELS 550D 12 0.16 0.25 0.023 0.04 0.029 0.04 0.085 0.075 0.28 0.61 0.007 0.012

7 ARS STEELS 550D 16 0.18 0.25 0.036 0.04 0.034 0.04 0.07 0.075 0.33 0.61 0.008 0.012

8 GOEL TMT 550D 12 0.16 0.25 0.021 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.051 0.075 0.28 0.61 0.009 0.012

9 GOEL TMT 550D 16 0.18 0.25 0.024 0.04 0.036 0.04 0.06 0.075 0.33 0.61 0.01 0.012

JINDAL
10 550D 12 0.2 0.25 0.02 0.04 0.032 0.04 0.052 0.075 0.3 0.61 0.007 0.012
PANTHER
JINDAL
11 550D 20 0.2 0.25 0.016 0.04 0.017 0.04 0.033 0.075 0.3 0.61 0.007 0.012
PANTHER
JINDAL
12 550D 32 0.19 0.25 0.027 0.04 0.022 0.04 0.049 0.075 0.39 0.61 0.006 0.012
PANTHER
SUPER
13 550D 12 0.18 0.25 0.02 0.04 0.024 0.04 0.044 0.075 0.29 0.61 0.01 0.012
SHAKTI
SUPER
14 550D 20 0.17 0.25 0.022 0.04 0.024 0.04 0.046 0.075 0.27 0.61 0.009 0.012
SHAKTI
MOIRA CRS
15 550CRS 16 0.18 0.3 0.039 0.055 0.04 0.055 0.079 0.1 - - - -
SARIYA
500D
16 GALLANTT 10 0.14 0.25 0.037 0.04 0.039 0.04 0.076 0.075 - - - -
CRS
500D
17 GALLANTT 12 0.15 0.25 0.032 0.04 0.036 0.04 0.068 0.075 - - - -
CRS
500D
18 GALLANTT 20 0.15 0.25 0.04 0.04 0.042 0.04 0.082 0.075 - - - -
CRS
500D
19 GALLANTT 25 0.16 0.25 0.028 0.04 0.039 0.04 0.067 0.075 - - - -
CRS
KAMACHI
20 500D 25 0.2 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.037 0.040 0.067 0.075 - - - -
TMT

21 PRIMEGOLD 500D 25 0.18 0.25 0.019 0.04 0.029 0.04 0.048 0.075 0.4 0.5 0.008 0.012

RASHMI
22 500D 10 0.17 0.25 0.022 0.04 0.028 0.04 0.05 0.075 - - - -
METALIKS
RASHMI
23 500D 12 0.18 0.25 0.021 0.04 0.027 0.04 0.048 0.075 - - - -
METALIKS
SHYAM
24 500D 10 0.17 0.25 0.028 0.04 0.026 0.04 0.054 0.075 - - - -
STEEL
SHYAM
25 500D 25 0.16 0.25 0.024 0.04 0.038 0.04 0.062 0.075 - - - -
STEEL
SRMB
26 500D 12 0.19 0.25 0.033 0.04 0.037 0.04 0.07 0.075 - - - -
500+SR
SRMB
27 500D 25 0.21 0.25 0.033 0.04 0.034 0.04 0.067 0.075 - - - -
500+SR
UTKARSH
28 500D 16 0.2 0.25 0.037 0.04 0.042 0.04 0.079 0.075 - - - -
TMT
UTKARSH
29 500D 25 0.18 0.25 0.033 0.04 0.037 0.04 0.07 0.075 - - - -
TMT

30 VIZAG TMT 500D 25 0.19 0.25 0.028 0.04 0.018 0.04 0.046 0.075 0.32 0.5 0.007 0.012

31 VIZAG TMT 500D 32 0.21 0.25 0.031 0.04 0.022 0.04 0.053 0.075 0.32 0.5 0.008 0.012

22
 Physical Test Other Tests
Rebend Mass per meter run Mean Ribs Area (mm2/
TS/YS Ratio Yield Stress Elongation (%) Bend Test Transverse Ribs
Test (kg) mm length)

Observa- Require- Require- Require- Require-

Observa- Observa- Observa- Require- Observa- Observa-
tion ratio Requirement ment ment Observation Observation ment ment
tion tion tion ment tion tion
(TS) (min) (min) (min) (min)

> 1.08 (not not less

1.15 (691) 597 550 20.2 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 2.427 4.99 3.4 4.99 1.13
less than 600) than 2.371
> 1.08 (not not less
1.18 (708) 598.4 550 21.7 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 3.767 7.23 4.25 7.23 1.42
less than 600) than 3.696
> 1.08 (not not less
1.20 (741) 617.6 550 19.4 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 6.186 9.11 5.44 9.11 1.81
less than 600) than 6.058
> 1.08 (not not less
1.13 (710) 626.4 550 21.5 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 1.542 2.96 2.4 2.96 0.8
less than 600) than 1.485
> 1.08 (not not less
1.11 (708) 636.7 550 20.4 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 0.591 1.56 1.2 1.56 0.4
less than 600) than 0.568
> 1.08 (not not less
1.09 (719) 656.2 550 18.6 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 0.864 2.15 1.8 2.15 0.6
less than 600) than 0.835
> 1.08 (not not less
1.09 (707) 647.2 550 17.7 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 1.537 4.46 2.4 4.46 0.8
less than 600) than 1.485
> 1.08 (not not less
1.13 (698) 618.3 550 18.3 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 0.88 3.18 1.8 3.18 0.6
less than 600) than 0.835
> 1.08 (not not less
1.18 (707) 595.8 550 18.9 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 1.55 4.54 2.4 4.54 0.8
less than 600) than 1.485
> 1.10 (not not less
1.14 (696) 609.9 550 22 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 0.87 2.47 1.8 2.47 0.6
less than 600) than 0.835
> 1.08 (not not less
1.16 (704) 602.7 550 21.2 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 2.43 5.17 3.4 5.17 1.13
less than 600) than 2.371
> 1.08 (not not less
1.19 (702) 590.3 550 18.1 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 6.275 6.89 5.44 6.89 1.81
less than 600) than 6.058
> 1.08 (not not less
1.12 (757) 670.9 550 22 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 0.855 2.04 1.8 2.04 0.6
less than 600) than 0.835
> 1.08 (not not less
1.21 (774) 638.9 550 19 14.5 satisfactory satisfactory 2.473 3.78 3.4 3.78 1.13
less than 600) than 2.371
> 1.06 (not not less
1.14 (702) 616.4 550 20 10 satisfactory satisfactory 1.579 3.93 2.4 3.93 0.8
less than 585) than 1.485
> 1.10 (not not less
1.13 (622) 547.3 500 18.3 16 satisfactory satisfactory 0.583 1.44 1.2 1.44 0.4
less than 565) than 0.568
> 1.10 (not not less
1.14 (579) 508.5 500 18.3 16 satisfactory satisfactory 0.887 2.23 1.8 2.23 0.8
less than 565) than 0.835
> 1.10 (not not less
1.13 (640) 566 500 20 16 satisfactory satisfactory 2.464 4.32 3.4 4.32 1.13
less than 565) than 2.371
> 1.10 (not not less
1.15 (660) 570.9 500 20.8 16 satisfactory satisfactory 3.843 5.62 4.25 5.62 1.42
less than 565) than 3.696
not less
1.13 (736) > 1.10... 565 646.2 500 24 16 satisfactory satisfactory 3.760 4.43 4.25 4.43 1.42
than 3.696
> 1.10 (not not less
1.13 (812) 719.4 500 17.7 16 satisfactory satisfactory 3.782 5.56 4.25 5.56 1.42
less than 565) than 3.696
> 1.10 (not not less
1.10 (659) 596.6 500 26 16 satisfactory satisfactory 0.603 1.58 1.2 1.58 0.4
less than 565) than 0.568
> 1.10 (not not less
1.11 (658) 591.4 500 22 16 satisfactory satisfactory 0.863 3.02 1.8 3.02 0.6
less than 565) than 0.835
> 1.10 (not not less
1.13 (653) 575.4 500 24 16 satisfactory satisfactory 0.618 2.02 1.2 2.02 0.4
less than 565) than 0.568
> 1.10 (not not less
1.16 (675) 582.2 500 19.2 16 satisfactory satisfactory 3.87 6.09 4.25 6.09 1.42
less than 565) than 3.696
> 1.10 (not not less
1.18 (632) 534.4 500 20 16 satisfactory satisfactory 0.873 1.94 1.8 1.94 0.6
less than 565) than 0.835
> 1.10 (not not less
1.21 (683) 560.8 500 20.9 16 satisfactory satisfactory 3.751 4.59 4.25 4.59 1.42
less than 565) than 3.696
> 1.10 (not not less
1.17 (660) 560 500 20.2 16 satisfactory satisfactory 1.516 4.01 2.4 4.01 0.8
less than 565) than 1.485
> 1.10 (not not less
1.19 (662) 554.7 500 18.5 16 satisfactory satisfactory 3.77 4.81 4.25 4.81 1.42
less than 565) than 3.696
> 1.10 (not not less
1.17 (684) 582.5 500 20.3 16 satisfactory satisfactory 3.704 5.53 4.25 5.53 1.42
less than 565) than 3.696
> 1.10 (not not less
1.21 (674) 557.3 500 25.1 16 satisfactory satisfactory 6.24 7.66 5.44 7.66 1.81
less than 565) than 6.058

23
FCC Research Report

Company Profile

A-ONE GOLD STEEL

A-One Gold Steel is a leading steel producer in South India committed to offer high quality infrastructure steel
products across South India. ‘Rashtra Nirman Mein Samarpit’ is the vision and strength of the A-One Group. The
company is dedicated to serve the nation with a strong ethos rooted in trust and reliability of products and services.
The group has established a firm footing in the industry with its superior quality products, customer responsiveness,
and integrity. Since its inception, the brand has been keen to uphold a technically sound manufacturing unit that is
specifically designed by the best engineers of the country. Staying ahead of time, the company has earned a reputation
for building the first integrated steel plant with charging technology in South India. With more than five plants under
their belt, A-One Steel is taking a giant leap. The blueprint of the future of steel making lies in Ladle Refining Furnaces
(LRF) technology in steel manufacturing which A-One Steel has added in its manufacturing capacity.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
A-ONE 550D 16

ARS STEELS
ARS Steels is one of the major integrated steel plants in India, located at Gummidipoondi, Tamil Nadu. ARS is
certified with ISO 9001 and 14001 for its state-of-the-art production facility and the products are certified by SGS, an
Swiss based multinational company which provides inspection, verification, testing and certification services for every
batch and consignment on site. ARS has been producing mild steel billets & TMT bars for over two decades. Started
with 3 MT furnace in 1992, ARS Steels increased its billet production in 2010 by installing a new furnace, thereby
increasing the total capacity of the furnace to 158,000 MT per annum and rolling mill capacity to 180,000 MT per
annum. ARS is in the process of further increasing the billet production capacity to 210,000 MT per annum and rolling
mill capacity to 205,000 MT.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
ARS STEELS 550D 10
ARS STEELS 550D 12
ARS STEELS 550D 16

ELECTROTHERM INDIA LIMITED

Electrotherm (India) Limited is a well-diversified conglomerate having strong presence in the field of engineering
and projects serving steel, foundry and heat treatment industries since 1983. Over the years, it has forayed into
manufacturing of induction melting furnaces, continuous casting machines, transformers, steel, ductile iron pipes,
electric vehicles and renewable energy and transmission line towers. Electrotherm set up its 0.6 million TPA integrated
steel plant in the year 2005 in Kutch, Gujarat. The company grew rapidly over the next few years and became one of
the largest producers of steel in Gujarat. Electrotherm launched TMT bars in 2006, and in a short span of 10 years, it
became the most preferred brand of TMT bars in Gujarat. The company not only supplies TMT bars, but is also the
largest supplier in Gujarat for cut & bend ready to use TMT bars. It is western India’s first fully integrated manufacturing
facility, producing BIS approved epoxy coated TMT bars at a single location.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
ET TMT 550SD 20
ET TMT 550SD 25
ET TMT 550SD 32

GALLANTT METAL LIMITED

Gallantt Metal Limited is one of the largest TMT bars plant in Gujarat having its plant at Samakhyali, Taluka Bhachau
of Kutch district. The plant has its well-equipped machineries and is manufacturing superior quality sponge iron, MS
Billets, TMT bar. The company manufactures TMT bars of grade FE500, FE500D, FE500S, FE550 & FE550D, FE500
CRS & FE500DCRS in sizes ranging from 8 mm to 32 mm. Its commitment towards producing the best quality steel is
reflected in certifications attained from various recognised organizations such as Bureau of Indian Standard (ISI), ISO
9001-2015, and H&K (Germany) to name a few. Gallantt TMT bars are approved in various government departments

24
like MES, National Highway, Vadodara Municipal Corporation, Surat Municipal Corporation Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan,
GWSSB, Gujarat Housing Board, GSECL, SSNL, WASMO, GETCO, PIU, GSRTC, Police Housing Society HPCL
– Rajasthan Refinery, Geo Designs & Research (P) Ltd. apart from corporate clients like Adani, Reliance, Shapporji
Pallonji, L&T, Cadila Pharma, Thermax, Bajaj, PSP etc.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
GALLANTT 500D CRS 10
GALLANTT 500D CRS 12
GALLANTT 500D CRS 20
GALLANTT 500D CRS 25

GOEL TMT
Goel TMT is one of the leading brands in Central India and with its ever-growing network of dealers, Goel TMT is
now making its presence felt across India. It enjoys a major share of the market in central and western India with more
than 400 dealers. Goel TMT offers a wide range of products like rebars, binding wires and wire rods. Under backward
and forward integration, the company has set up a steel melting shop to manufacture billets/blooms of mild steel,
high tensile and alloy steel, wire rod mill, and a captive power plant. In a step to contribute towards conservation of
environment and energy, it has pioneered the technology of direct charging of Hot Billets directly from CCM to re-rolling
mill, and thus, stopped the use of reheating furnace which saves fuel and protects the environment.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
GOEL TMT 550D 12
GOEL TMT 550D 16

JINDAL PANTHER TMT

Launched in 2013, Jindal Panther TMT brand is inspired by the strength and agility of the black powerful feline.
Since its inception, Jindal Panther has been providing premium TMT rebars manufactured in state-of-the-art
facilities for the housing and construction needs. As a leading rebar brand, it relies on constant innovation and future
technologies to build a stronger nation. At the core of Jindal Panther stay the constant innovation, process excellence
and the intent to provide unmatched quality. The practice of emerging better than before, each single day, has resulted
in smiles of millions it touches every day and has established itself as a market leader in such a short span of time.
India’s largest in-house producer of Fe 550D, a testimony of their constant endeavours to stay ahead of the league in
terms of unmatched quality, excellent order servicing and continuous innovation in both products and services. This
has helped this brand to be one of the best selling TMT retail brands across the country.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
JINDAL PANTHER 550D 12
JINDAL PANTHER 550D 20
JINDAL PANTHER 550D 32

KAMACHI TMT
The Kamachi Group has an experience in steel trading for over 35 years and in steel manufacturing for over a
decade. The group has set the pace for technological innovations at every node in manufacturing our products. The
group has a history of successfully taking over various locations in different states, and turning sick units to sustainable
profit centres before propelling its greenfield project, Kamachi Industries Ltd to success. Their emphasis is to
constantly improve the current productivity, and to safeguard the environment, apart from augmenting profits with keen
focus on go green initiatives. Kamachi TMT rebars roll out from its world-class award winning integrated steel plant to
ensure quality and environment friendliness. It ensures their products are part of structures that last forever.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
KAMACHI TMT 500D 25

MOIRA CRS SARIYA

Moira CRS Sariya is the leading TMT bar supplier in Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa and
Karnataka with its wide network of more than 550+ dealers and 300+ exclusive dealers spread across the region.
It is the flagship brand of Jaideep Ispat & Alloys Pvt Ltd, one of the top TMT bar manufacturers in India. Based at
Pithampur industrial area in Dhar, Madhya Pradesh, the company’s hi-tech plants with an annual production capacity
of over 4 lakh tonnes produce high-quality TMT bars ranging from 8mm to 40mm dimension in Fe-500 CRS, Fe-
500D CRS, Fe-550 CRS, and Fe-550D CRS grades. With the mission to deliver world-class products and services,

25
FCC Research Report

the company is focused on continuous development and improvement through innovation, investment in new
technologies, and building capabilities of its employees and partners. Synonymous with utmost quality and trust,
Moira CRS Sariya TMT bars are ISO 9001 certified and are produced by fully automatic, computerized machines with
advanced German technology and design.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
MOIRA CRS SARIYA 550CRS 16

PRIMEGOLD INTERNATIONAL LIMITED

Primegold International Limited is one of India’s most renowned steel manufacturers, producing high-quality TMT
bars. Primegold TMT bars are reinforced with unique and innovative rib patterns that ensure high strength, ductility,
and bendability, while meeting international quality standards. These are commonly used to build bridges, flyovers,
dams, industrial structures, high-rise buildings, and underground platforms, among other things. TMT steel bars of
exceptional quality are manufactured through a hot rolling process in which heated iron billets are continuously passed
through rollers of decreasing diameters. Prime Gold TMT steel bars are made using the manufacturing process which
provides a higher tensile strength. Higher elongation is one of the most significant characteristics of the Prime Gold
TMT. This improves the bend/rebend properties, making them more resistant to natural disasters like earthquakes.
Prime Gold steel bars have high thermal stability, making them safe in the event of a fire. The Prime Gold TMT bars’
unique ribbed design creates a powerful bond with the concrete or cement, providing additional stability and support
to the building structure while also increasing its longevity and durability.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
PRIMEGOLD 500D 25

RASHMI METALIKS
Rashmi Group is one of the fastest growing business conglomerates in the eastern region of India. Rashmi Metaliks
is one of the leading pig iron & steel manufacturing companies, with a capacity of 1.7 million MT per annum. Expanding
from its existing set up of pig iron & sinter plant established in 2007 with a capacity of 4 lakh MTPA, the company
came up with its own billet producing steel melting shop in 2009 and rolling mill in 2010 for the production of TMT
Bars with a capacity of 1.18 MTPA. The leading TMT bar company in Kolkata has an exhaustive production process
in compliance with the international standards. This pioneer TMT bar manufacturing company sells its products to
government agencies, industry houses, civil contractors and real estate developers. They are ideal for flyovers, dams,
bridges and other critical structures where high yield load is required without compromising on the quality and ductility.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
RASHMI METALIKS 500D 10
RASHMI METALIKS 500D 12

SHYAM STEEL INDUSTRIES LIMITED

Shyam Steel Industries is one of the leading steel manufacturers in India with its diverse product range including
TMT bar, structural steel, corrosion-resistant steel, coil, etc. With its faith in producing the unmatched quality of safe
and sustainable steel, it emphasizes customers’ choice and excellence. With its beginning as far back as 1953 in
Howrah, it has now emerged as a large, growing, competitive, robust, and multi-product steel organisation. This
$30-billion group has emerged as a steel giant with its presence in the infrastructure segments including Indian
Railways, defense, ports, roads and highways, airports, power, oil, and gas energy. With its plants located in the state
of West Bengal, Shyam Steel caters to the need of a vast multitude of clientele across the country and beyond. It is
committed to contributing to the target of 300 MT steel productions by 2030-31 in keeping with the National Steel
Policy announced by the government of India towards transforming India into a self-reliant $5-trillion economy.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
SHYAM STEEL 500D 10
SHYAM STEEL 500D 25

SRMB SRIJAN PRIVATE LIMITED

SRMB Srijan Private Limited is an IMS (ISO 9001:2015/ISO 14001:2015/ISO 45001:2018) certified seven decade-
old primary steel producer with integrated steel manufacturing unit. SRMB TMT bars are produced from captive steel
semis with adequate refining facility through LRF (ladle refining furnace) to ensure flawless production of refined steel.
SRMB reinforcement bars are manufactured under licensing of CRM, Belgium’s Tempcore Cooling Technology with
the BIS license up to Fe-700 grade including ductile (D) and super ductile (S) grades. SRMB has manufacturing units

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equipped with all kinds of modern infrastructure for total quality control and testing facilities including digital universal
testing machine and spectrometer. The finished products of SRMB are made in high speed no twist block mill for
precision control over mechanical properties of finished product. SRMB reinforcement bars have also been accorded
approval by various government and semi-government departments like RDSO/Indian Railways, NHAI, NHIDCL, metro
railways, military engineering services, various state public works departments, Assam Petro Chemical, PGCIL, GAIL,
NEEPCO, NRL, Assam Rifles and also have been approved and enlisted by eminent public sector consultants like
WAPCOS, PDIL, RITES etc.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
SRMB 500+SR 500D 12
SRMB 500+SR 500D 25

SUPER SHAKTI
Super Shakti is committed to providing consistent product quality, forging a stronger future and building trust that
grows stronger with time. Not every brand has the power to innovate and create standards for others to follow. The
brand’s latest product Super Shakti Fe 550+ SD Advanced Y Ribbed TMT bars, inspired by European construction
patterns, are scientifically designed to provide maximum bonding of concrete with the steel bar for long-lasting, new
generation homes. It provides more surface rib area in zig-zag pattern, and its sharp and well-connected ribs offer
very strong bonding with concrete. It gives a unique combination of physical and chemical properties along with better
mechanical properties compared to available TMT bars. It gives better ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and 0.2 proof
stress. Moreover, it gives better elongation that is advantageous in earthquake-prone zones.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
SUPER SHAKTI 550D 12
SUPER SHAKTI 550D 20

UTKARSH TMT
Arya Group is an ISO 9001-2015 certified company based at Rajkot, Gujarat having a rich experience of three
decades in steel Industry and actively engaged in manufacturing of premium quality TMT bars under the brand name
UTKARSH which came into existence in 2012. The group has a well-equipped production facility with an annual
production capacity of 2 lacs MT and is also actively engaged in ship breaking activities at Sachana, Jamnagar,
Gujarat.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
UTKARSH TMT 500D 16
UTKARSH TMT 500D 25

VIZAG STEEL
Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited, the corporate entity of Visakhapatnam Steel Plant is a Navaratna PSE under the
Ministry of Steel. Visakhapatnam Steel Plant fondly called as Vizag Steel is the first shore based integrated steel plant
in the country and is known for its quality products delighting the customers. It is a market leader in long products
and it caters to the needs of diverse industrial sectors. It is the first steel plant to be certified ISO 9001:2008 (presently
2015), ISO 14001:2004 (presently 2015), OHSAS 18001:2007 and ISO/IEC 27001:2013 standards. It is also the first
PSE to be certified ISO 50001:2011 Energy Management Systems and has acquired CMMI Level 3 Certification for
software development.
Brand Name Grade Dia (MM)
VIZAG TMT 500D 25
VIZAG TMT 500D 32

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FCC Research Report

First Construction Council

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Sewri (West), Mumbai - 400 015.Tel: 022 - 2419 3000.
Email: [email protected] • Website: www.FirstConstructionCouncil.com

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 First Construction Council
303, Nav Bharat Estate A Wing, 3rd Floor, Zakaria Bunder Road,
Sewri (West), Mumbai - 400 015.Tel: 022 - 2419 3000.
Email: [email protected] • Website: www.FirstConstructionCouncil.com