Name:

Course & Year:

1. What is the primary focus of stylistics?
a. Language Acquisition b. Literary History
c. Literary Analysis d. Language Preservation

2. Which of the following best defines “register” in stylistics?

a. A type of literary genre
b. A level of formality in language use
c. A method of linguistic analysis
d. A type of figurative language
Unity of structure: refers to patterns which
combine together to create information
structure, focus and flow in a text, including the
3. Which of the following refers to the way in which
schematic structure of the text. Coherence: The
resources such as patterns of cohesion create both
ways a text makes sense to readers & writer
cohesive and coherent texts? through the relevance and accessibility of its
A. Unity of texture B. Unity of text configuration of concepts, ideas and theories.
C. Unity of structure D. Cohesion and Coherence
Cohesion: The grammatical and lexical
relationship between different elements of a text
which hold it together.
4. This refers to a grammatical framework that grew
out of the analysis of spoken and written linguistic
discourse. What is being referred to?
A. Unity of Structure B. Grammar Structure Grammar Structure sentence-level comprehension of text,
C. Discourse Grammar D. Critical and including how the arrangement of words within sentences
Discourse impacts the meaning. Critical discourse analysis is a
methodology that enables a vigorous assessment of what
is meant when language is used to describe and explain.

Preferred and dispreferred seconds

first preferred second
dispreferred second request compliance
5. What is the dispreferred refusal assessment agreement disagreement
second pair part for “blame”? blame denial
A. Acceptance B. Denial
C. Admission D. Refusal admission
What are preferred and dispreferred seconds in adjacency pairs?
Request - Acceptance/Refusal type is a type of adjacency pairs which is uttered
when the person needs or asks someone to do something. There are 2 responses
of this type: acceptance and refusal. Acceptance indicates the preferred response,
while refusal indicates the dispreferred response.
The first structure is preferred action, which is the action of the second pair part
which gives an expected respond to the first pair parts. The second one is
dispreferred action, which is the action of the second pair part which gives an
unexpected respond to the first pair part
6. “Karina is a great person. She loves to take care Anaphoric reference occurs when a word or phrase
of everyone.” What kind of reference is
refers back to another word or phrase used earlier
evident in the sentence?
in a text. In this sentence, "She" is an anaphoric
A. Exophoric B. Anaphoric
reference to "Karina." The pronoun "She" refers
C. Cataphoric D. Homophoric
back to the noun "Karina" mentioned in the
previous sentence, establishing a clear link between
7. In substitution word, the “so” is usually a the two parts of the text.
substitute.
A. Verb B. "so" often acts as a substitute for a whole clause, particularly to
Clause avoid repetition.
C. Noun D.
Subject

8. The word “done” is usually a "done" is typically used as the past participle of the verb "do" and
substitute of.
often functions as a substitute for another verb to avoid repetition.
A. Verb B.
Clause
C. Noun D. Subject

9. The following are principles of critical discourse analysis. Which DOES NOT belong?
A. Social and political issues are constructed and reflected in discourse.
B. Power relations are negotiated and performed through discourse.
C. Critical discourse analysis trace underlying ideologies and values from the linguistic features of a text.
D. Ideologies are produced and reflected in the use of discourse.

A. Social and political issues are constructed and reflected in discourse: This is a fundamental principle of CDA.
Discourse is seen as both constructing and reflecting social and political issues.
B. Power relations are negotiated and performed through discourse: Another core principle of CDA. It examines
how discourse serves as a site of power and resistance.
D. Ideologies are produced and reflected in the use of discourse: CDA seeks to uncover how discourse reflects and
perpetuates ideologies.
Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a field that focuses on the ways discourse structures enact, confirm,
legitimate, reproduce, or challenge relations of power and dominance in society. option C is slightly misleading in
its phrasing.

10. One way this principle can be looked at is through an analysis of who controls
conversational interactions, who allows a person to speak and how they do this. Which principle of
Discourse Analysis is being referred to?
A. Critical discourse analysis trace
underlying ideologies and values from the linguistic features of a text.
B. Power relations are negotiated and performed through discourse.
C. Discourse both reflects and reproduces social relations; and
D. Ideologies are produced and reflected in the use of discourse.
This principle focuses on how power dynamics are expressed and maintained through interactions in discourse.
Analyzing who controls conversational interactions, who allows a person to speak, and how they do this, directly
relates to examining how power is distributed and exercised through language use. This involves looking at turn-
taking, interruptions, control of topics, and other conversational strategies that reflect and enact power relations.
11. Which of the following is said to be closely related to foregrounding?
A. Critical discourse analysis B. Genre
C. Framing D. Discourse analysis

Foregrounding is a technique used in literary and linguistic analysis where certain elements of a text are
made more prominent or noticeable to create a particular effect or to draw attention to specific aspects
of the text. It is closely related to the concept of framing because both involve emphasizing certain
aspects while backgrounding others to shape interpretation and understanding.

12. Which of the following is an approach to the study of social action which sought to investigate social
order as it was produced through the practices of everyday talk?
A. Interactionism B. Conversation
C. Discourse Analysis D. Conversation Analysis D. it is correct approach that specifically
investigates how social order is produced through
13. Who was the sociologist that was credited in the practices of everyday talk.
founding conversational analysis?
Harvey Sacks was a pioneering sociologist who developed
A. Harley Sacks B. Harris Quirk
the field of Conversation Analysis (CA). His work focused on
C. Harley Socks D. Harvey Sacks
the systematic study of the ways people produce and
understand social interaction in everyday conversations.
Through his detailed empirical research and innovative
14. Which of the following is NOT one of methodologies, Sacks laid the foundational principles of CA,
the ways to signal that a speaker has come influencing subsequent scholars in the field.
to the end of his or her turn?
A. Using signal “mmm” or “anyway”
Pausing in the middle of a sentence typically indicates that the
B. Through eye contact, body position, speaker has not yet finished their turn and is either gathering
movement and voice pitch. their thoughts or emphasizing a point. It does not usually signal
C. Use of falling intonation and then, the end of a speaking turn. While the other options are common
pausing. ways to indicate the completion of a turn.
D. Pausing in the middle of a sentence.

15. The analysis of turn taking may go deeper into these topics, EXCEPT:
A. how many pauses to
commit. - analyzing "how many pauses to commit" does not typically delve deep into
B. how much overlap there the dynamics of turn-taking. While the frequency and duration of pauses may
is between speakers. be relevant to understanding conversational flow, it is not typically a central
C. how people know when focus of turn-taking analysis.
it's their turn to speak. B. how much overlap there is between speakers: This relates to how speakers
D. how to consider regional manage the transition between turns, including instances of overlap where
or gender differences. more than one speaker is talking simultaneously.
C. how people know when it's their turn to speak: This involves the
mechanisms and cues used by speakers to indicate when they have finished
speaking and when it is appropriate for another speaker to begin.
D. how to consider regional or gender differences: This concerns how cultural
and social factors, such as regional dialects or gender norms, influence turn-
taking practices and conversational dynamics.
16. John sent a love letter to his girlfriend.
The direct object receives the action of the verb. In this
What kind of element is the underlined letter? sentence, "letter" is the direct object as it is the recipient of
A. Subject B. Complement the action "sent." It answers the question "What did John
C. Direct Object D. Indirect Object send?"
In this sentence, "great man" complements the subject "He"
17. He was a great man. What kind of element by providing additional information about what "He" is.
is the underlined letter? Specifically, it serves as a predicate nominative, renaming or
A. Complement B. Subject identifying the subject.
C. Adjunct D. Indirect Object
18. What particular feature or level of
Graphology in stylistics refers to the study of the visual aspects of a text,
stylistics where a stylistician can
including its layout, typography, punctuation, and other graphical features.
reasonably explore and give This includes examining how the physical appearance of a text contributes
descriptions of the physical appearance to its meaning, tone, and aesthetic effect. Descriptions of the physical
of a literary text? appearance of a literary text, such as the arrangement of words on the
A. Graphological B. Syntactic page, the use of spacing and indentation, font choices, and the presence of
C. Lexico-semantic D. Linguistic illustrations or other visual elements, fall within the realm of graphology.

19. Which refers to the choice of Style refers to the choice of words, expressions, and linguistic
words/ expressions in a given context by features in a given context by a specific person or group, often
a given person, for a given purpose, and for a particular purpose or effect. It encompasses the unique way
so on? in which individuals or groups use language to convey meaning,
A. Stylistics B. Deviation express themselves, and achieve specific communicative goals.
C. Choice D. Style

20. Which refers to the intentional selection or Style as deviation refers to the intentional departure from or
choice of language outside of the range of deviation from the norms or conventions of language use.
normal language? This deviation can involve the use of unconventional
A. Style as conformity B. Style as situation language, unique expressions, or creative linguistic choices
C. Style as deviation D. Style as choice to achieve specific stylistic effects.

21. Which of the following is a study of vocabulary of a language in all its aspects and/or describes the
entire storage of words and expressions in a language?
A. semantics B. Lexis
C. Grammar D. Linguistic
22. Which refers to the study of the relationship between the signs of a language and their meanings?
A. syntactic B. linguistics
C. lexical semantics D. Phonetic
23. Which statement is INCORRECT about literary stylistics?
A. It is synonymous to literary criticism, in a way.
B. Its ultimate purpose is to explain the individual message clear to others.
C. It is primarily concerned with messages and the interest in codes (language)lies in the
meaning they convey in particular instances.
D. It only explores the linguistic features of a text.
24. What analysis is this which involves the deployment of phonological units of segmental and
suprasegmentals at one level and those of the graphic substance of language— features relating to the
writing system?
A. Graphological level
B. Phonological Level
C. Phono- graphological
D. Lexico- Semantic Level
25. It is a phonic substance wherein its unit consists of twenty vowels and twenty-four consonants. Which of
the following is referred to?
A. Segmental B. Sounds
C. Phonic D. Suprasegmentals
26. The following are nonexamples of suprasegmental units. Which DOES NOT belong?
A. Voiceless consonants B. Stress
C. Diphthong D. Vowels
27. Which of the following relates to how texts are held together lexically and grammatically as a whole?
A. Parallelism B. Coherence
C. Cohesion D. Grammatical
28. Which of the following terms has to do with sense wherein text is called with this term if a discourse
makes sense to the readers?
A. Lexical cohesion B. Illocutionary
C. Coherence D. Cohesion
29. The following are the different ways to create a cohesive text. Which DOES NOT belong?
A. Elliptical B. Performative
C. Substitution D. Parallelism
30. Which ways of creating cohesive text relies on the reader’s minds to assume and fill in the missing bits
from what they have read or heard?
A. Performative B. Elliptical
C. Referential D. Lexical Cohesion
31. Which ways of giving a text cohesion uses pronouns or determiners to refer to the known nouns in a
text?
A. Parallelism B. Substitution
C. Elliptical D. Referential
32. Who introduced the term “Foregrounding”?
A. Wales B. Halliday
C. Garvin D. McCarthy
33. Which of the following best describes “foregrounding”?
A. It is an approach which provides a text with cohesion and coherence.
B. The term is used in the literary world to mean “aesthetic use of language”.
C. This is a framework which aims to analyze the uniqueness and aesthetic use of a text.
D. This concept refers to making certain features of a language prominent or noticeable in a text.
34. Foregrounding has two types and these are _________.
A. Repetition and Deviation
B. Repetition and Prominence
C. Graphology and Deviation
D. Language and Prominence
35. Which of the following concepts is said to be closely related to foregrounding?
A. Prominence B. Actualization
C. Deviation D. Repetition
36. Who said that the prominence in foregrounding is motivated?
A. Wales B. Halliday
C. Stern D. Quirk
37. The following are the different ways in which foregrounding can be manifested. Which DOES NOT
belong?
A. Contractions B. Capitalizations
C. Pictures D. Rhyming
38. Which of the following refers to violations on linguistic norms such as grammatical or semantic norms,
strange metaphors, similes or collocations that are deployed to achieve special effects in a text?
A. Contractions C. Deviation
B. Prominence D. Flouting
39. This term refers to breaking the normal rules of usage by over-frequency. Which of the following is
referred to?
A. Foregrounded B. Deviation
C. Prominence D. Repetition
40. Which of the following is said to be one of the cues needed to identify coherence in a discourse?
A. Knowledge of the world and conventional structure of interaction.
B. Knowledge of the language and its structure.
C. Wide perspective on coherence.
D. Knowing the difference between cohesion and coherence.
41. Cohesion can be achieved through using words in a text that go with each other. What kind of lexical
cohesion is that?
A. Elliptical B. Synonymy
C. Collocation D. Conjunctive
42. Which of the following refers to a type of voice where the subject of the verb do the actions?
A. Agented passive B. Active
C. Agent-less D. Non-active
43. Who introduced the notion of texture which expresses the property of being a text?
A. Halliday and McCarthy B. Harvey Sacks
C. Cecilia-Murcia D. Halliday and Hasan
44. The following are some aspects or elements you will look into in a critical discourse analysis at word or
phrase level. Which DOES NOT belong?
A. The choice of words which express degrees of certainty and attitude.
B. Connotations of particular words and phrases.
C. Text’s degree of formality or informality, degree of technicality.
D. who has the most authority and power in the discourse.
45. A journalist is reporting on a natural disaster for a national newspaper. What is the most appropriate
stylistic feature for this article?
A. Extensive use of first-person narrative
B. Use of sensational and emotional language
C. Formal and objective tone
D. Casual and conversational style
46. In a literary novel, two characters engage in a heated debate about morality. Which discourse feature is
the novelist most likely to use?
A. Descriptive background details
B. Direct reported speech
C. Inner monologue
D. Stream of consciousness
47. You are reading a book about the life of a famous scientist, detailing their experiments, challenges, and
discoveries. What type of prose is this?
A. Fictional Prose
B. Heroic Prose
C. Nonfictional Prose
D. Prose Poetry
48. Your teacher assigns you to write a short story involving a mysterious island, a group of adventurers, and
a hidden treasure. What type of prose should you use?
A. Fictional Prose
B. Heroic Prose
C. Nonfictional Prose
D. Prose Poetry
49. You are reading a collection of tales about a mythical figure whose stories have been orally passed down
and are now written for modern audiences. These tales are meant to celebrate the hero’s adventures. What
type of prose does this describe?
A. Fictional Prose
B. Heroic Prose
C. Nonfictional Prose
D. Prose Poetry
50. In a creative writing class, you are asked to write a piece that combines the natural flow of prose with the
stylistic elements of poetry, focusing on vivid imagery and emotional depth. What type of prose are you
being asked to write?

A. Fictional Prose
B. Heroic Prose
C. Nonfictional Prose
D. Prose Poetry