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Module1 EC1 Theories-of-Personality KCC Final

The document discusses three influential theorists in behavioral cognitive therapies: Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, and Arnold Lazarus. It outlines their key personality theories and therapeutic approaches, which emphasize irrational beliefs, cognitive structures, and interpersonal relationships. Their therapies focused on clients' present thoughts and empowering individuals. The document also mentions philosophical influences on their work and the significance of behavioral cognitive therapies in psychotherapy.

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60 views10 pages

Module1 EC1 Theories-of-Personality KCC Final

The document discusses three influential theorists in behavioral cognitive therapies: Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, and Arnold Lazarus. It outlines their key personality theories and therapeutic approaches, which emphasize irrational beliefs, cognitive structures, and interpersonal relationships. Their therapies focused on clients' present thoughts and empowering individuals. The document also mentions philosophical influences on their work and the significance of behavioral cognitive therapies in psychotherapy.

Uploaded by

HumanResourceDevelopment Kcc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Kabankalan Catholic College

FINAL TERM
THEORIES
OF PERSONALITY

EC1/Psy05
Introduction
Behavioral cognitive therapies, developed by
Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, and Arnold Lazarus, have
significantly impacted psychotherapy and
counseling. These theorists developed brief,
client-centered, and to-the-point counseling
methods, focusing on the client's immediate
present and changing existing thoughts or
values. Their theories, rooted in personality
theories, emphasize the cultivation of conscious
forces and the goal of becoming more aware
and conscious. Their significance is evident in a
poll of influential psychotherapy figures.
Albert Ellis
The philosophical origins of Ellis’s rational
emotive behavior therapy go back to the Stoics
(It is a philosophy of life that maximizes positive
emotions, reduces negative emotions and helps
individuals to hone their virtues of character). The
most important modern precursor is Alfred Adler.

Ellis posits humans are sign-, symbol-, and


language-creating creatures using perception,
movement, thinking, and emotion. Evaluative
thinking shapes self-talk, and while innately
prone to dysfunctional behaviors, self-
actualization is possible.
Albert Ellis
The A-B-C theory of personality suggests that
people develop irrational and musturbatory
belief systems when a highly charged
emotional consequence (C) follows a
significant activating event (A). A may seem to
but does not actually cause C. Instead,
emotional consequences are largely created
by inappropriate irrational beliefs (B’s).

Humans often prioritize cultural preferences


and social norms, leading to rational emotive
behavior therapy aimed at empowering
individuals to align their actions with their true
value systems.
Aaron Beck
Aaron Beck's cognitive theory is rooted in
various philosophical approaches, including
phenomenological psychology, structural
theory, depth psychology, and cognitive
psychology.

Cognitive therapy, rooted in personality


theory, suggests that an individual's
thoughts and behaviors are largely
influenced by their cognitive organization
and structure, both biologically and socially.

Schemas are cognitive structures


containing an individual's core beliefs and
assumptions, while automatic thoughts are
involuntary, unregulated preconscious
thoughts, and cognitive distortions are
systematic errors in reasoning.
Aaron Beck
The sociotropic dimension of personality is
characterized by dependence on
interpersonal relationships, autonomy, and
a negative view of oneself, the world, and
the future.

Beck's cognitive therapy employs


techniques to enhance the client's
experience of affective arousal.

Beck created assessment tools for


depression, anxiety, and other emotional
disorders, emphasizing that unrealistic
worldviews and unrealistic expectations are
the root cause of depression.
Arnold Lazarus
Lazarus’s theory developed out of an
emphasis on interpersonal relationships.
He developed the personality-appraisal
tool known as the BASIC-ID. These letters
stand for seven modalities: behavior,
affect, sensation, imagery, cognition,
interpersonal relations, and drugs. Lazarus
says people have different physical
thresholds or tolerance levels, and tend to
favor some BASIC-ID modality.
Arnold Lazarus
Multimodal therapy, a performance-based
approach, distinguishes itself by utilizing
modality, structural, bridging, tracking, and
technical eclecticism, setting it apart from
other therapies.

Behavioral cognitive therapies, influenced


by philosophy and science, excel in
psychotherapy and counseling, with the
"Third Wave" emphasizing mindfulness and
acceptance and commitment therapy,
exemplified by Hayes' Acceptance and
Commitment Therapy.
SELF-HELP
ACTIVITY
Kindly do this activity
during your free time.

Submit a reflection paper,


as a final term output.
Kabankalan Catholic College

FINAL TERM
THEORIES
OF PERSONALITY

EC1/Psy05

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