PRACTICAL 1: Plotting and fitting of Binomial distribution and graphical representation of

Binomial Distribution

p (Probability of success) 0.3

N (No. of trials) 10

X (RV) P(X=x) P(X<=x)

0 0.0282 0.0282 P(X=x)
1 0.1211 0.1493 0.3000
2 0.2335 0.3828
0.2500
3 0.2668 0.6496
4 0.2001 0.8497 0.2000
5 0.1029 0.9527 0.1500
6 0.0368 0.9894
0.1000
7 0.0090 0.9984
8 0.0014 0.9999 0.0500
9 0.0001 1.0000 0.0000
10 0.0000 1.0000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
ical representation of probabilities.

Distribution

(X=x) P(X<=x)
1.2000
1.0000
0.8000
0.6000
0.4000
0.2000
0.0000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

5 6 7 8 9 10 P(X<=x)

Cumulative chart
PRACTICAL 2: Plotting and fitting of Multinomial distribution and graphical representatio

Multinomial Distribu

𝑛!/𝑥1!𝑥2!𝑥3!
Formula :
〖𝑝 (𝑥1) 〗 ^𝑥1 〖∗𝑝 (𝑥2) 〗

x p(x) Fact(x) p(x)^x n=6

1 0.2 1 0.2000 Product of p(x)^x
2 0.3 2 0.0900 Product of Fact(x)
3 0.6 6 0.2160
4 0.7 24 0.2401 Probability
 graphical representation of probabilities.

ultinomial Distribution

1) 〗 ^𝑥1 〖∗𝑝 (𝑥2) 〗 ^𝑥2 ∗ 〖𝑝 (𝑥3) 〗 ^𝑥3

Multinomial Distribution
0.0025
Fact(n) 720
0.002
oduct of p(x)^x 0.0009
oduct of Fact(x) 288 0.0015

0.001
Probability 0.002334
0.0005

0
Probability
PRACTICAL 3: Plotting and fitting of Poissan distribution and graphical representatio

Poissan Distribution

Arrival Rate Lamba or Mu 3

X (RV) P(X=x) P(X<=x)

0 0.0498 0.0498 P(X=x)
1 0.1494 0.1991 0.2500
2 0.2240 0.4232
0.2000
3 0.2240 0.6472
4 0.1680 0.8153 0.1500
5 0.1008 0.9161
6 0.0504 0.9665 0.1000
7 0.0216 0.9881
0.0500
8 0.0081 0.9962
9 0.0027 0.9989 0.0000
10 0.0008 0.9997 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
nd graphical representation of probabilities.

ssan Distribution

P(X=x) P(X<=x)
1.2000
1.0000
0.8000
0.6000
0.4000
0.2000
0.0000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 P(X<=x)
8 9 10
PRACTICAL 4: Plotting and fitting of Geometric distribution and graphical representation

Geometric Distribution

Prob. Of success p 0.6

Prob. Of Failure 1-p 0.4 Formula:(1−𝑝)^(𝑛−1 ) 𝑝 =
F(X)

n P(X)
0 1.5 P(X)
1 0.6 1.6
2 0.24 1.4
3 0.096
1.2
4 0.0384
5 0.01536 1

6 0.006144 0.8
7 0.002458 0.6
8 0.000983
0.4
9 0.000393
0.2
10 0.000157
0
0 2 4 6 8 10
raphical representation of probabilities.

Distribution

−𝑝)^(𝑛−1 ) 𝑝 =
)

8 10 12
PRACTICAL 5: Plotting and fitting of Uniform distribution and graphical representa

Uniform Distributio

Random Variable X ~ (-2, 6)

Start a= -2
End b= 6 P(c<X<d)
PDF f(x) = y = 0.125 6.000

Mean (a+b)/2 2.0000 5.000

Variance (b-a)^2/12 5.3333
4.000
Std Deviation √𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 2.3094
3.000
Probability
c>=-2 d<=6 P(c<X<d) 2.000
0 1 0.125
1 2 0.000 1.000

2 3 2.000
0.000
3 4 5.333 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
4 5 2.309
d graphical representation of probabilities.

form Distribution

P(c<X<d)

.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

PRACTICAL 6: Plotting and fitting of Exponential distribution and graphical representa

Exponential Distribution

Expected Value = 24
ʎ = 0.0417 P(X<=x) --> pdf
0.04500
x P(X<=x) --> pdf
0.04000
0 0.04167
1 0.03997 0.03500

2 0.03834 0.03000
3 0.03677 0.02500
4 0.03527 0.02000
5 0.03383
0.01500
6 0.03245
0.01000
7 0.03113
8 0.02986 0.00500
9 0.02864 0.00000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
10 0.02747
n and graphical representation of probabilities.

nential Distribution

P(X<=x) --> pdf

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PRACTICAL 7: Plotting and fitting of Normal distribution and graphical representati

Normal Distribution
Mean 80.17
Std Dev 6.17

x P(X)
60 0.0003
62 0.0008
64 0.0021
66 0.0046
68 0.0092
70 0.0166
72 0.0269
P(X)
74 0.0392 0.0700
76 0.0515 0.0600
78 0.0608
80 0.0646 0.0500

82 0.0619 0.0400
84 0.0533
0.0300
86 0.0414
88 0.0289 0.0200
90 0.0182
0.0100
92 0.0103
94 0.0052 0.0000
60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 9
96 0.0024
98 0.0026
100 0.0004
d graphical representation of probabilities.

istribution

P(X)

4 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 100
 PRACTICAL 8: Calculation of cumulative distribution functi

Mean 80.17
Std Dev 6.17
ʎ= 0.0125

x Pdf (Normal) Cumulative Probability (Normal) Pdf (Exponential)

60 0.0003 0.0003 0.0059
62 0.0008 0.0008 0.0058
64 0.0021 0.0021 0.0056
66 0.0046 0.0046 0.0055
68 0.0092 0.0092 0.0053
70 0.0166 0.0166 0.0052
72 0.0269 0.0269 0.0051
74 0.0392 0.0392 0.0050
76 0.0515 0.0515 0.0048
78 0.0608 0.0608 0.0047
80 0.0646 0.0646 0.0046
82 0.0619 0.0000 0.0045
84 0.0533 0.0000 0.0044
86 0.0414 0.0000 0.0043
88 0.0289 0.0000 0.0042
90 0.0182 0.0000 0.0041
92 0.0103 0.0000 0.0040
94 0.0052 0.0000 0.0039
96 0.0024 0.0000 0.0038
98 0.0026 0.0000 0.0037
100 0.0004 0.0000 0.0036
lative distribution functions for Exponential and Normal Distribution.

Cumulative Probability (Exp)

Cumulative Graph
0.5269
0.8000
0.5385
0.5499 0.7000
0.5610 0.6000
0.5718 0.5000
0.5824 0.4000
0.5927
0.3000
0.6027
0.2000
0.6125
0.6220 0.1000
0.6313 0.0000
60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98
0.6404
0.6493 Cumulative Probability (Normal) Cumulative Probability (Exp)
0.6579
0.6664
0.6746
0.6826
0.6904
0.6980
0.7055
0.7127
 92 94 96 98

bability (Exp)
 PRACTICAL 9: Application Problem based on the Binomial Distribution.

Probability that people will catch the flu after been vaccinated is about 18%
If 20 people who were vaccinated against the flu are randomly selected,
Find the probability that number of people who catch the flu will be
1) excatly 5
2) less than 5
3) greater than 5

Solution:

1) Total no. of trials N= 20

No. of expected successes x= 5
Probability of success in a single trial P= 0.18

Answer: 0.149284

2) Total no. of trials N= 20

No. of expected successes x= 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Probability of success in a single trial P= 0.18

Answer: 0.715118

3) Total no. of trials N= 20

No. of expected successes x= 6, 7, 8, 9,…..,20
Probability of success in a single trial P= 0.18

Answer: 0.135598
PRACTICAL 10: Application Problems based on the Normal Distribution.

It is assumed that the consumer demand for a particular product can be represented
with a normal random variable with mean 1200 units and standard deviation 100 units.
a) What is the probability that sales would be less than 1300 units?
b) What is the probability that the sales would be more than 1000 units?
c) What is the probability it will be between 1350 and 1150 units?

Solution:

Mean = 1200
Std Dev = 100

a) x<1300 0.9979
b) x>1000 0.0000
c) 1150<=x<=1350 0.0758
PRACTICAL 11: In a servey of a group of men, the heights in the 20-29 age group were,
normally distributed with a mean of 68.8 inches and a standard deviation of 4.0 inches.
Find the probability that the study participant selected at a random is less than 66
inches.

Mean 68.8
Standard Deviation 4

X= 66
Z= -0.7
P(X<=66) = 0.2420
PRACTICAL 12: Presentation of bivariate data through scatter-plot diagrams and calculations of
covariance

Homework Scores Test Scores

57 65 Test Scores
46 50 120
98 87
95 98 100
80 72 f(x) = 1.00501156515035 x − 5.94228439255426
86 82 80 R² = 0.717096342368966

56 25
60

Covariance = 434.5 40

20

0
40 50 60 70 80 90
calculations of

Test Scores

5035 x − 5.94228439255426
8966

70 80 90 100 110
PRACTICAL 12: Calculation of Karl Pearson's Correlation Coefficients.

X Y x=X-X̅ y=Y-Y̅ x^2 y^2 xy

92 7 52.4 1.7 2745.76 2.89 89.08
16 2 -23.6 -3.3 556.96 10.89 77.88
19 1 -20.6 -4.3 424.36 18.49 88.58
62 8 22.4 2.7 501.76 7.29 60.48
83 4 43.4 -1.3 1883.56 1.69 -56.42
47 2 7.4 -3.3 54.76 10.89 -24.42
15 7 -24.6 1.7 605.16 2.89 -41.82
36 8 -3.6 2.7 12.96 7.29 -9.72
26 4 -13.6 -1.3 184.96 1.69 17.68
0 10 -39.6 4.7 1568.16 22.09 -186.12
Mean Sum
39.6 5.3 0 0 8538.4 86.1 15.2
∑▒𝑥^2 ∑▒𝑦^2 ∑▒𝑥𝑦
Formula = (∑▒𝑥𝑦)/(√∑▒ 〖𝑥 ^2.∑▒𝑦^2 〗 )

Correaltion = 0.018