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Rectangular Waveguide

This document describes the design and simulation of a rectangular waveguide using ANSYS HFSS. It provides details on the geometry of the waveguide, supported modes, and procedure to model and simulate a 15.1GHz rectangular waveguide. Key results like field patterns, S-parameters and propagation constant are presented.

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EZRA MOHAMMED
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5 views

Rectangular Waveguide

This document describes the design and simulation of a rectangular waveguide using ANSYS HFSS. It provides details on the geometry of the waveguide, supported modes, and procedure to model and simulate a 15.1GHz rectangular waveguide. Key results like field patterns, S-parameters and propagation constant are presented.

Uploaded by

EZRA MOHAMMED
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY

ADDIS ABABA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY


SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
MICROELECTRONICS STREAM
EM wave and Guided Structure
Members:

Name ID
1. Ezra Mohammed UGR/6735/13
2. Eyosiyas Solomon UGR/9004/14
3. Nathnael Desta UGR/7442/13
4. Eyob Lema UGR/1591/13

Submitted to: Selamawit Engliz


Submission Date: 6/26/2024
Design and Simulation of
Rectangular Waveguides using
Ansys HFSS
Objective
This experiment provides the field patterns of various modes inside a rectangular waveguide. This gives
the basic idea of the change in the field pattern; that is, electric and magnetic field patterns with the change
in modes inside a rectangular waveguide. One can observe the field patterns of various modes in xy, xz and
yz planes for different frequency bands. Surface current density can also be observed on the walls of a
rectangular waveguide.

Figure 1. Rectangular waveguide


Introduction
A waveguide is a device that used to transfer electromagnetic energy from one point to another. There are
several different type of waveguides. The parallel plate waveguide, is the most basic and the simplest type
of waveguide. It has a very simple geometry formed by two parallel flat conducting metal plates, of width
“W”, having a hollow space in the middle, of height “d”, as illustrated in figure (Figure 1) below. PPW
can support Transverse Magnetic (TM) and Transverse Electric (TE) modes and can also support a
Transverse Electro-Magnetic (TEM) mode due to its geometry. The understanding of the analysis of a
parallel plate waveguide can be useful for modeling many other waveguides and also for modeling the
propagation of higher order modes in a strip line.

Figure 2. Basic Geometry of PPW.


If the region between the plates of a parallel plate waveguide is terminated by two vertical metallic planes
(one on either lateral side) we get the next basic form of a waveguide called the rectangular waveguide
(RW)2. In other words, a rectangular waveguide is a hollow metallic tube with a rectangular cross-section
formed by width “a” and height “b”, filled with a dielectric medium with permittivity ε and permeability
μ.

Figure 3. Basic Geometry of a rectangular waveguide.


Conventionally, the longer dimension of a RW is aligned with the x-axis i.e. a > b. The closed geometry of
the RW confines the fields within the waveguide allowing no interference from external fields. Therefore,
RW can be designed to be having large bandwidths and low loss. Since the RW is a single conductor
transmission line structure, it does not support a pure TEM mode of propagation. Only TEmn and TMmn
modes are supported in a RW, where the subscripts ‘m’ and ‘n’ are positive integers and represent the
indices to specific modes in the waveguide. Both TEmn and TMmn modes have cut-off frequencies
determined by the dimensions of the waveguide. Wave propagation in the waveguide is not possible below
these cut-off frequencies. This behavior of the waveguide resembles the function of a high-pass filter. The
values of ‘m’ and ‘n’ signify different modes electromagnetic waves. Modes only above the cut off
frequency can propagate in the waveguide. Note that for a TE mode, either m or n may be equal to zero,
but not both. For a TM mode, neither m nor m may be equal to zero.
Design of 15.1GHz Rectangular waveguide
For the purpose of this simulation, High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) inside the Ansys Electronic
Desktop framework shall be used. For building up the simulation model of a basic rectangular waveguide
in HFSS, a 60mm long hollow rectangular aluminum with a = 23.26mm and b =10.56mm has been used
as seen in the Figure 2 below:

Figure 4. Simulation model of RW.

Figure 5. Properties table of RW.


Procedure
1. Start and define inner wall of the waveguide
 Start ANSYS Electronics Student Desktop 2023
 Draw box
 Then fill the box command properties


Figure 6. Properties table of RW.
 Value of a = 22.86mm
 Value of b = 10.16mm

figure 7. RW
2. Boolean subtraction to obtain the Hollow waveguide rather than solid waveguide

Figure 8. Boolean Subtraction of RW.


3. Define the inside of the waveguides as ‘Air’.
4. Define the outside of the waveguides + radiation boundaries
5. Define the wave port

Front waveguide

7. Add solution setup.


8. Validate and simulate.
Result and Simulation

1. Port Filed Display


a. Port 1
1. mode 1(TE10)

2. Mode 2(TE20)
3. Mode 3(TE01)

4. Mode 4
b. Port 2
1. Mode 1

2. Mode 2
3. Mode 3

4. Mode 4
2. MAG E

Mag e of the air.

MAG E of the metal Object.


Figure 10. Animation of the wave.
3. Vector E

Figure 11. The Vector E plot of the function.


Result plot for Gamma (Propagation constant)

Figure 12. Rectangular plots.

S-parameter plot

Figure 13. S –parameter plot.


Figure 14. S –parameter Plot 2.

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