DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING

ACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic name: Therapeutic Class:  Binds to mu-opioid  Relief of moderate  Contraindicated with  Tachycardia  Assess
Tramadol Opioid analgesic receptors ang to moderately allergy to tramadol or  Sweating hypersensitivity to
Pharmacologic Class: inhibits the reuptake severe pain opioids  Nausea, vomiting tramadol, other
Brand name: Synthetic centrally active of norepinephrine  Use cautiously in  Bradycardia centrally acting
Ultram analgesics and serotonin pregnancy, seizures,  Hypotension analgesics, history if
Route: causes many effects lactation  vertigo opioid addiction,
Oral similar to the  Contraindicated in lactation, and
Dosage Range: opioids- dizziness, patients pregnancy
50- 100 mg nausea, constipation hypersensitive to drug
but does not have or opioids, in patient  Control environment
the respiratory with severe renal or if sweating or CNS
depressant effects hepatic impairment, effects occur.
suicidal patient, and
in those with acute  Inform patient of the
intoxication from side effects:
alcohol , hypnotics, Dizziness,
centrally acting drowsiness. Nausea
analgesics, opioids, or and loss of appetite
psychotic drugs.
 Instruct patient to
report severe nausea,
dizziness, and severe
constipation.

DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Therapeutic Class:  Binds to beta2-adrenergic  Used as a  Hypersensitivity to  Cardiac arrythmia  Caution pt to
Name: Bronchodilators receptors in airway bronchodilator in adrenergic amines  Sweating remain upright for
Albuterol smooth muscle, leading to management of  Hypersensitivity to  Heartburn 30 mins following
Pharmacologic activation of adenylyl reversable airway fluorocarbons  Bronchospasm dose to facilitate
Brand name: Class: cyclase & increased obstruction caused (inhaler)  vertigo passage to stomach
Salbutamol Adrenergic beta-2 levels of vyclic-3’-5’ by asthma or COPD Use cautiously in: & minimize risk of
agonists adenosine  Cardiac diseases esophageal
Route: monophosphate (cAMP).  Hypertension irritation.
Inhalation  Decreased intracellular  Diabetes  Instruct pt on taking
Dosage calcium relaxes smooth  Glaucoma exactly as directed.
Range: muscles airways w/  Pregnancy (near If a dose is missed
4-8mg subsequent term) skip dose & resume
bronchodilation. next morning. Do
not double dose or
take later in the day.

DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Therapeutic class:  A class IB  Ventricular •Contraindicated in Dizziness, •Stop infusion
Lidocaine HCL Antiarrhythmics antiarrhythmic that arrhythmias caused by patients hypersensitive paresthesia, immediately if ECG
decreases the MI, cardiac to Amide-type local drowsiness, indicates excessive
Brand Name: depolarization, manipulation, or anesthetics. confusion, cardiac depression (e.g.,
Xylocaine, Xylocard automatically, and cardiac glycosides. respiratory prolongation of PR
Pharmacologic class: excitability in the  Ventricular •Contraindicated in depression and interval or QRS complex
Amide derivatives ventricles during the arrhythmias; shock- those with Adams- convulsions. and the appearance or
Route: diastolic phase by refractory ventricular Strokes syndrome, Woff- aggravation of
IV direct action on the fibrillation; pulse-less Parkinsons-White Potentially Fatal: arrhythmias).
tissues, especially the ventricular syndrome, and severe Hypotension and
Dosage Range: Purkinje network. tachycardia. degrees of SA, AV, or bradycardia leading •Monitor BP and ECG
intraventricular block in to cardiac arrest; constantly; assess
Adults: 50 to 100 the absence of an anaphylaxis respiratory and
mg by IV bolus at artificial pacemaker. neurologic status
25 to 50 frequently to avoid
mg/minute potential over dosage
and toxicity.
Elderly: Reduce
Dosage and rate of •Auscultate lungs for
infusion. basilar rales, especially
in patients who tend to
Children: 1 mg/kg metabolize the drug
by IV or slowly (e.g., CHF,
intraosseous bolus. cardiogenic shock,
hepatic dysfunction).

•Watch for neurotoxic

effects (e.g.,
drowsiness, dizziness,
confusion, paresthesias,
 visual disturbances,
excitement, behavioral
changes) in patients
receiving IV infusions or
with high lidocaine
blood levels.

DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Therapeutic Class:  Blocks specific  Prevention of  Contraindicated w/  Headache,  Assess history if pt
Ondansetron Antiemetic receptor sites 5-HT3 postoperative allergy to dizziness is allergic to
hydrochloride which are associated nausea and ondansetron  Chest pain, ondansetron,
Pharmacologic with nausea and vomiting  Use cautiously w/ hypotension nausea, vomiting,
Brand name: Class: vomiting in the pregnancy, lactation  Constipation pregnancy &
Zofran, Zofran 5-HT3 receptor chemoreceptor trigger lactation
ODT antagonists zone, centrally & at  Assess physically:
specific sites skin color &
Route: peripherally texture, BP,
Parenteral & oral abdominal
examination,
Dosage Range: bilateral grip
Adults- Parenteral strength
Single dose 32 mg  Instruct pt of the
dose infused over side effects:
15 mins beginning weakness
30 mins before the dizziness,
start of drowsiness
chemotherapy  Report continued
nausea, vomiting,
pain at injection
site, palpitations,
chest pain.

DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATI MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING
ON RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Therapeutic  Paracetamol is a  For the short-term  Severe hepatic  Skin rashes, itching  Check that the
Name: Class: para-aminophenol treatment of impairment or active or hives patient is not taking
Paracetamol Analgesics derivative that moderate pain, liver disease (IV).  Swelling of the any other
exhibits analgesic especially following throat, tongue, or medication
Brand name: Pharmacologic and antipyretic surgery and for the face containing
Panadol, Class: actions and weak short-term treatment  Shortness of breath paracetamol.
Calpol, Alvedon Para- anti-inflammatory of fever or wheezing  Make sure patients
aminophenol activity. are aware they
Route: derivatives  It produces must not exceed
Intravenous antipyresis by the recommended
inhibiting the dose.
Dosage hypothalamic heat-
Range: regulating center.
10 mg/ml
Generic Therapeutic  Sodium Bicarbonate  Metabolic acidosis  Aggravated  Metabolic alkalosis  Assess for alkalosis
Name: Class: acts as an alkalinizing  Urinary alkalinization congestive heart  Headache by monitoring the
Sodium Antacids agent by releasing  Antacid failure (CHF)  Muscle pain and client for confusion,
bicarbonate bicarbonate ions.  Cardiac arrest  Cerebral hemorrhage twitching irritability,
Following oral  Prevention of  Swelling (edema)  Nausea or vomiting paresthesia, tetany
Pharmacologic administration of this contrast media  High blood sodium  Bradypnea and altered
Brand Name: Class: medication, it nephrotoxity levels  Nervousness or breathing pattern.
Alkalinizers releases bicarbonate  Low blood calcium restlessness  Hypokalemia
Dosage which is capable of levels should also be
 Unpleasant taste
Range: neutralizing gastric  Low blood potassium assessed by
 Increased frequency
20 ml/amp acid. levels monitoring signs
in urination
 Muscle spasms and symptoms such
 Tissue
(associated with low as: weakness,
damage/necrosis
calcium levels) fatigue, U wave on
secondary to
 Metabolic alkalosis ECG, arrhythmias,
extravasation
polyuria and
 Belching
polydipsia.
 Bloating
 Monitor the client’s
 Excess fluid in the
serum calcium,
lungs (pulmonary
sodium, potassium,
edema)
bicarbonate
 Hyperosmolality concentrations,
 Intracranial acidosis serum osmolarity,
 Milk-alkali syndrome acid-base balance
and renal function
before and
throughout the
therapy.
  IV sites should be
observed closely.
Extravasation
should be avoided
as tissue irritation
or cellulitis may
occur when taking
sodium
bicarbonate.
Generic Therapeutic  Inhibits proton pump  Symptomatic GERD  Contraindicated in  Dizziness, headache  Evaluate for CDAD
Name: Class: activity by binding to without esophageal patients  Abdominal pain, in patients who
Omeprazole Antiulcer drugs hydrogen-potassium lesions hypersensitive to drug constipation, develop diarrhea
adenosine  Erosive esophagitis or its components and diarrhea, nausea, that doesn’t
Brand Name: Pharmacologic triphosphatase,  Pathologic in patients receiving vomiting, acid improve
Losec Class: located at secretory hypersecretory rilpivirine-containing regurgitation  Monitor magnesium
PPIs surface of gastric conditions products  Back pain, weakness levels before
Dosage parietal cells, to  Duodenal ulcer  Use cautiously in  Cough starting treatment
Range: suppress gastric acid  Short term treatment patients with  Rashes and periodically
40 mg IV secretion. of active benign hypokalemia and thereafter.
ulcer respiratory alkalosis  Monitor patients for
 Frequent hurtburn and in patients on a signs and
low sodium diet. symptoms of low
 Risk of fundic gland magnesium level,
polyps increases with such as abnormal
long-term use, HR or rhythm,
especially beyond 1 palpitations l,
year. muscle spasms,
tremors, seizures.
 Instruct patient to
take drugs at least
30 to 60 minutes
before meals.
Generic Therapeutic  Inhibits sodium-  Ventricular  Contraindicated in  Agitation, fatigue,  Monitor patient for
Name: Class: potassium-activated fibrillation patients generalized muscle toxicity. Toxic
Digoxin Inotropes adenosine  Ventricular hypersensitive to drug weakness, effects on the heart
triphosphatase, tachycardia and in those with hallucinations, may be life-
Brand Name: Pharmacologic promoting movement  Arrhythmias digitalis-induced dizziness, threatening and
Lanoxin, Class: of calcium from toxicity, ventricular headache , malaise, require immediate
Toloxin Cardiac extracellular to fibrillation, or vertigo attention
glycosides intracellular ventricular  Arrhythmias, heart  Monitor digoxin
Dosage cytoplasm and tachycardia unless block level. Excessively
Range: strengthening caused by HF. slow pulse rate may
250 mg/ml myocardial  Use with extreme  Blurred vision, be a sign of digitalis
contraction. Also acts caution in elderly diplopia, light flashes toxicity. Withhold
on CNS to enhance patients and in those  Anorexia, nausea, drug and notify
vagal tone, slowing with acute MI, diarrhea, vomiting physician.
conduction through incomplete AV block,  Monitor potassium
the SA and AV sinus bradycardia , level carefully. Take
nodes. hypertrophic correct action
cardiomyopathy, renal before hypokalemia
insufficiency, severe occurs.
pulmonary disease, or
Hypothyroidism.
Generic Therapeutic  Replaces magnesium  Mild  Contraindicated in  Toxicity, weak or  Keep IV calcium
Name: Class: and maintains hypomagnesemia patients with absent deep tendon available to reverse
Magnesium Electrolytes magnesium level; as  Symptomatic severe myocardial damage, reflexes, paralysis, magnesium
sulfate replacements an anticonvulsant, hypomagnesemia, heart block, or coma drowsiness, stupor intoxication.
reduces muscle with magnesium  Use cautiously in  Slow, weak pulse;  If appropriate, test
Brand Name: Pharmacologic contractions by level of 0m8 mEql/L patients with impaired arrhythmias; knee jerk and
Magnesium Class: interfering with or less renal function hypotension, patellar reflexes
sulfate Minerals release of  Magnesium circulatory collapse, before each
acetylcholine at supplementation in flushing additional dose.
myoneural junction. TPN  Diarrhea  Check magnesium
Dosage  Seizures in pre-  Hypocalcemia level after repeated
Range: eclampsia or  Diaphoresis doses. Monitor
250 mg/ml eclampsia levels hourly in
patients with severe
hypomagnesemia.
 Monitor fluid intake
and output. Output
should be 100 ml or
more during 4 hour
period before dose.
 Monitor renal
function
Generic Therapeutic  Inhibits calcium ion  Chronic stable  Contraindicated in  Headache ,  Closely monitor BP
Name: Class: influx across cardiac angina patients dizziness , light- and HR. Drug can
Nicardipine Antihypertensiv and smooth muscle  HTN hypersensitive to drug headedness, cause symptomatic
es, antianginals cells but is more and in those with drowsiness hypotension or
Brand Name: selective to vascular advanced aortic  Angina, peripheral tachycardia.
Cardene IV Pharmacologic smooth muscle than stenosis edema, palpitations, Measure BP
Class: cardiac muscle. Drug  Avoid systemic flushing, frequently during
Dosage Calcium also dilates coronary hypotension when hypotension, initial therapy.
Range: channel arteries and
10mg/10ml blockers arterioles. administering drug to tachycardia  To reduce risk of
patient who have  Nausea, vomiting, venous thrombosis,
sustained an acute abdominal phlebitis, and
cerebral infarction or discomfort, dry vascular
hemorrhage. mouth impairment, don’t
 Consider lower  Myalgia and use small veins,
dosages and closely weakness such as those on
monitor responses in  Rash, diaphoresis, the dorsum of intra-
patients with hepatic injection site reaction arterial
impairment or administration or
reduced hepatic blood extravasation
flow
 Use cautiously in
patients with HF due
to increased risk of
worse outcomes
Generic Therapeutic  Stimulates motility of  To prevent or  Contraindicated in  Anxiety, drowsiness ,  Monitor bowel
Name: Class: upper GI tract, reduce nausea and patients dystonic reactions, sounds
Metoclopramid GI stimulants increases lower vomiting from hypersensitive to drug fatigue, restlessness,  Monitor patient for
e esophageal sphincter emetogenic cancer and in those with seizures, confusion, involuntary
tone, and blocks chemotherapy pheochromocytoma or depression , movements of face,
Brand Name: Pharmacologic dopamine receptors  To prevent or other catecholamine- dizziness , fever, tongue, and
Metonia Class: at the chemoreceptor reduce releasing headache, extremities, which
Dopamine trigger zone postoperative paragangliomas, hallucinations, may indicate tardive
Antagonists nausea and vomiting tardive dyskinesia,or insomnia, tardive dyskinesia or other
Dosage  To facilitate small- seizure disorder dyskinesia extrapyramidal
Range: bowel intubation  Contraindicated in  Bradycardia, supra adverse effects
5mg/ml  To aid in radiologic patients for whom ventricular  Monitor patient for
exam stimulation of GI tachycardia, fever, CNS
 Delayed gastric motility might be hypotension, fluid symptoms, irregular
emptying secondary dangerous retention pulse, cardiac
to diabetic  Bowel disorders, arrhythmias, or
gastroparesis diarrhea, nausea abnormal BP, which
 GERD  Incontinence, urinary may indicate NMS
frequency  Monitor patient foe
 Rash dizziness,
headache, or
nervousness after
metoclopramide is
stopped, these may
indicate withdrawal
 Diphenhydramine
 or benztropine may
be used to
counteract
extrapyramidal
adverse effects
from high doses.
Generic Therapeutic  Decreases  Cerebral edema  Contraindicated in  Euphoria, insomnia,  Always adjust to
Name: Class: inflammation, mainly  Palliative patients psychotic behavior, lowest effective
Dexamethaxon Corticosteroids by stabilizing management of hypersensitive to drug pseudotumor cerebri, dose
e leucocyte lysosomal recurrent or or its ingredients, in vertigo, headache,  Monitor patients
Sodium Pharmacologic membranes; inoperable brain those with systemic seizures, depression weight, BP, and
phosphate Class: suppresses immune tumors fungal infections, and  HTN, edema, electrolyte levels.
injection Glucocorticoids response; stimulates  Inflammatory in those receiving arrhythmias,  Watch for
bone marrow; and conditions, immunosuppressive thrombophlebitis, depression or
influences protein, neoplasias doses together with thromboembolism psychotic episodes,
Dosage fat, and carbohydrate  Acute, self-limited live-virus vaccines. IM  Peptic ulceration, GI especially in high-
Range: metabolism allergic disorders; administration is irritation, dose therapy
4mg/ ml acute exacerbation contraindicated in pancreatitis, nausea,  Diabetic patient
of chronic allergic patients with ITP vomiting may need
disorders.  Use cautiously in  Hypokalemia, increased insulin;
 Shock patients with recent hyperglycemia, monitor glucose
 Dexamethaxone MI carbohydrate levels
suppression test for intolerance,  Inspect patients
Cushing syndrome hypocalcemia, skin for petechiae
 Adrenocortical sodium retention  Gradually reduce
insufficiency  Muscle weakness, dosage after long-
osteoporosis term use
Generic Therapeutic  Stimulates  To treat shock and  Contraindicated in  Headache , anxiety  Monitor patients BP
Name: Class: dopaminergic and correct patients with  Hypotension,  If deficit exists,
Dopamine Vasopressor alpha and beta hemodynamic uncorrected ventricular replace fluid before
hydrochloride receptors of the imbalances; to tachyarrhythmias, arrhythmias, ectopic giving vasopressor
Pharmacologic sympathetic nervous improve perfusion to pheochromocytoma, beats, tachycardia  During infusion,
Dosage Class: system, resulting in a vital organs; to or ventricular  Nausea, vomiting frequently monitor
Range: Adrenergics positive inotropic increase cardiac fibrillation  Hyperglycemia ECG, BP, cardiac
200 mg/ 5ml effect and increased output; to correct  Use cautiously in  Asthmatic episodes, output, central
cardiac output. Action hypotension patients with occlusive dyspnea venous pressure,
is dose-related; large vascular disease, cold pulmonary artery
doses cause mainly injuries, diabetic wedge pressure,
alpha stimulation endarteritis, and pulse rate, urine
arterial embolism; in output, and color
those with a history of and temperature of
 sulfite sensitivity; and limbs
in those taking MAO  Observe patient
inhibitors closely for adverse
reactions; dosage
may need to be
adjusted or drug
stopped.
 Check urine output
often. If urine flow
decreases without
hypotension, notify
physician because
dosage may need
to be reduced
Generic Therapeutic  Replaces potassium  To prevent  Contraindicated in  Paresthesia of limbs,  Patients at
Name: Class: and maintains hypokalemia patients listlessness, increased risk for
Potassium Potassium potassium level  Hypokalemia hypersensitive to confusion l, GI lesions when
chloride supplements  Severe hypokalemia potassium chloride or weakness or taking oral
components of the heaviness of limbs, potassium include
Dosage Pharmacologic formulation l, in flacid paralysis those with
Range: Class: patients with renal  Postinfusion scleroderma,
10mEq/ml Potassium salts failure, and in those phlebitis, diabetes, mitral
with conditions in arrhythmias, heart valve placement,
which potassium block, cardiac arrest, cardiomegaly or
retention is present. ECG changes, esophageal
 Use cautiously in hypotension strictures, and
patients with cardiac  Nausea, vomiting, elderly or immobile
disease, renal abdominal pain, patients
impairment, and acid- diarrhea  Monitor continuous
base disorders.  Hyperkalemia ECG and
 Injection site electrolyte levels
reactions during therapy
 Monitor renal
function. After
surgery, don’t give
drug until urine flow
is established
 Many adverse
reactions may
reflect
hyperkalemia
Generic Therapeutic  Inhibits muscarinic  Bradyasystolic  Contraindicated in  Headache ,  Watch for
Name: Class: actions of cardiac arrest patients restlessness, tachycardia in
Atropine sulfate Antiarrhythmics acetylcholine at  Organophosphorus hypersensitive to drug insomnia,dizziness, cardiac patients
parasympathetic or muscarinic and in patients with ataxia, disorientation, because it may lead
Brand Name: Pharmacologic neuroeffector mushroom hyperthermia delirium, confusion, to ventricular
AtroPen Class: junction, blocking poisoning  Drug may increase fever, excitement fibrillation
Anticholinergics vagal effects of SA  Initial treatment of risk of acute  Bradycardia,  Monitor fluid intake
belladonna and AV nodes, muscarinic angleclosure palpitations, and output. Drug
Dosage alkaloids enhancing conduction symptoms of glaucoma, obstructive tachycardia, atrial causes urine
Range: through AV node and insecticide poisoning uropathy, obstructive and ventricular retention and
1mg/ml increasing HR or disease of GI tract, arrhythmias urinary hesitancy
organophosphorus and paralytic ileus,  Constipation, thirst,  Instruct the patient
nerve agent toxic megacolon, and nausea, vomiting to report all adverse
poisoning intestinal atony  Urine retention reactions and to
 Preoperatively to  Use cautiously in  Hyperglycemia, immediately report
diminish secretions patients with hypoglycemia, urine retention,
and block cardiac hyperthyroidism, hyponatremia, abnormal
vagal reflexes CAD, HTN, HY, hypokalemia heartbeat,
 Stress tachycardia, hiatal  Rash dizziness, passing
echocardiography hernia with reflux out, difficulty
 Symptomatic esophagitis, prostatic breathing,
bradycardia hypertrophy, weakness, tremors,
myasthenia gravis, or and abdominal
renal or hepatic edema
impairment, and in  Tell patient to
elderly patients protect the AtroPen
from light and not to
freeze it.
Generic Therapeutic  Competes with  Rhinitis, allergy  Contraindicated in  drowsiness,  Stop drug 4 days
Name: Class: histamine for 1- symptoms, motion patients sedation, sleepiness, before diagnostic
Diphenhydrami Antihistamines receptor sites. sickness, Parkinson hypersensitive to and dizziness, skin testing
ne HCL Prevents, but doesn’t disease other similar incoordination,  Injection form is for
Pharmacologic reverse, histamine-  Nighttime sleep aid antihistamines, in seizures, confusion, IV or IM
Brand Name: Class: mediated responses,  Nonproductive newborns, and in insomnia, headache, administration only
Banophen, Ethanolamines particularly those of cough premature neonates vertigo, fatigue,  Dizziness ,
benadryl the bronchial tubes,  Use cautiously in nervousness excessive sedation,
GI tract, uterus, and patients with angle-  nasal congestion syncope, toxicity,
Dosage blood vessels. closure glaucoma,  dry mouth nausea paradoxical
Range: stenosing peptic ulcer, epigastric distress, stimulation, and
50mg/ml symptomatic prostatic vomiting diarrhea, hypotension are
hyperplasia, bladder anorexia more likely to occur
neck obstructive,  dysuria, urine in elderly patients
asthma retention, urinary  Warn patient not to
  avoid in patients frequency take this drug with
taking MAO inhibitors  hemolytic anemia any other products
 thickening of than contain
bronchial secretions diphenhydramine
 Rash because of
increased adverse
reactions
 Instruct patient to
take drug 30
minutes before
travel to prevent
motion sickness
 Warn patient to
avoid alcohol and
hazardous activities
that require
alertness until CNS
effects of drug are
known.
Generic Therapeutic  Stimulates alpha and  To restore BP in  Contraindicated in  Headache, anxiety  Drug isn’t a
Name: Class: beta1 receptors in the acute hypotension; patients with  Bradycardia, severe substitute for blood
Norepinephrine Vasopressor sympathetic nervous severe hypotension mesenteric or HTN, arrhythmias l, or fluid replacement
bitartrate system, causing during cardiac arrest peripheral vascular ischemic injury therapy. If patient
vasoconstriction and thrombosis, profound  Respiratory has volume deficit,
Brand Name: Pharmacologic cardiac stimulation hypoxia, hypercarbia, difficulties replace fluids
Levophed Class: or hypotension  Irritation with before giving
Alpha/beta resulting from blood extravasation vasopressor.
Dosage agonist volume deficit  Keep emergency
Range:  Contraindicated drugs on hand to
1mg/ml during cyclopropane reverse effects of
and halathone drug; atropine for
anesthesia due to risk reflex bradycardia,
of ventricular phentolamine to
arrhythmias decrease
 Use cautiously in vasopressor
patients with sulfite effects, and
sensitivity propranolol for
arrhythmias
 Notify physician
immediately of
decreased urine
output
  When stopping
drug, gradually slow
infusion rate.
Continue
monitoring vital
signs, watching for
possible severe
drop in BP.
 Monitor infusion site
carefully as
extravasation can
cause tissue
necrosis
Generic Therapeutic  Decreases  Rheumatic disorders  Contraindicated in  Euphoria, insomnia,  Determine whether
Name: Class: inflammation, mainly ; collagen diseases; patients psychotic behavior, patient is sensitive
Hydrocortisone Corticosteroids by stabilizing dermatologic hypersensitive to drug vertigo, mood to other
leucocyte lysosomal diseases or its ingredients, in swings, seizures Corticosteroids
membranes;  Severe or intractable those with systemic  HTN, edema,  Always adjust to
Brand Name: Pharmacologic suppresses immune allergic states fungal infections, and arrhythmias , lowest effective
Solu-Cortef Class: response; stimulates  Severe acute and in those receiving thrombophlebitis, dose
Glucocorticoids bone marrow; and chronic allergies and immunosuppressive thromboembolism  Monitor patients
influences protein, inflammatory doses together with  Peptic ulcer, GI weight, BP, and
Dosage fat, and carbohydrate processes involving live-virus vaccines irritation, pancreatitis electrolyte levels
Range: metabolism the eye and its  Drug can cause  Increased urine  Monitor patient for
100mg/vial adnexa hypercorticism or calcium levels cushingoid effects,
 Respiratory suppression of the  Easy bruising including moon
diseases HPA axis, particularly  Hypokalemia, face, buffalo hump,
 Hematologic receiving high dose hypocalcemia central obesity,
disorders therapy. Withdraw  Delayed wound HTN, and increased
 Neoplastic diseases drug slowly. healing, injection site susceptibility to
 Edematous states atrophy infection
 Ulcerative colitis,  Watch for
regional enteritis depression or
 Nervous system psychotic episodes,
disorders especially during
 Endocrine disorders high-dose therapy
 Adjunctive tre2for  Diabetic patient
ulcerative colitis and may need
protitis increased insulin;
monitor glucose
levels
  Inspect patients
skin for petechiae
Generic Therapeutic  Replaces calcium  Hypocalcemia  Contraindicated in   Double check that
Name: Class: and maintains  Adjunctive treatment cancer patients with you’re givi6the
Calcium Calcium calcium levels of magnesium bone metastases and correct form of
gluconate supplements intoxication in those with calcium;
 During exchange ventricular fibrillation, resuscitation cart
Dosage transfusion hypercalcemia, may contain both
Range: Pharmacologic  Hyperphosphatemia hypophosphatemia, or calcium gluconate
100mg/ ml Class:  Dietary supplement renal calculi and calcium
Calcium salts  Hyperkalemia with chloride
secondary cardiac  Monitor calcium
toxicity levels frequently.
Hypercalcemia may
result after large
doses in chronic
renal failure. Report
abnormalities
Generic Therapeutic  Thought to stimulate  Essential and renal  Contraindicated n  Drowsiness ,  Monitor BP and
Name: Class: alpha2 receptors and HTN patients dizziness, sedation, pulse rate
Clonidine Antihypertensiv inhibit the central  Severe cancer pain hypersensitive to drug weakness, fatigue, frequently. Dosage
hydrochloride es vasomotor centers, that is unresponsive  Transdermal form is malaise, agitation is usually adjusted
decreasing to epidural or spinal contraindicated in  Bradycardia, severe to patients BP and
Brand Name: Pharmacologic sympathetic outflow opiate analgesia or patients rebound HTN, tolerance
Catapres Class: to the heart, kidneys, other more hypersensitive to any orthostatic  Observe patient for
Centrally acting and peripheral conventional component of the hypotension tolerance to drug’s
alpha agonists vasculature and methods of adhesive layer of  Constipation, therapeutic effects,
Dosage lowering peripheral analgesia transdermal system nausea, vomiting, which may require
Range: vascular resistance,  ADHD as  Epidural form is anorexia increased dosage
100mcq/ml BP, and HR monotherapy or as contraindicated in  Urine retention  When given
adjunctive therapy to patients receiving  Weight gain epidurally, carefully
stimulant anticoagulant therapy,  Rash, pruritus monitor infusion
medications in those with bleeding pump, and inspect
diathesis, in those catheter tubing for
with an injection-site obstruction or
infection, and in those dislodgement
who are  Instruct patient to
hemodynamically take drug exactly as
unstable or have prescribed and
severe CV disease report adverse
reactions
  Advise patient that
stopping drug
abruptly may cause
severe rebound
HTN; dosage must
be reduced
gradually over 2 to
4 days, as
instructed by
prescriber
Generic Therapeutic  Thought to produce  Used to reduce  Contraindicated in  Agitation , cerebral  For inflammatory
Name: Class: analgesia and exert fever and to relieve patients edema, coma, conditions,
Aspirin NSAIDs its anti inflammatory mild to moderate hypersensitive to drug confusion, dizziness, rheumatic fever,
effect by inhibiting pain from and in those with headache, lethargy, and thrombosis,
Pharmacologic prostaglandin and headaches, NSAIDS -induced seizures, subdural or give aspirin on a
Brand Name: Class: other substances that menstrual periods, sensitivity reactions, Intracranial schedule rather
Asaphen, Salicylates sensitize pain arthritis, toothaches, G6PD deficiency, or hemorrhage than as needed
asatab, aspirin receptors. Drug may and muscle aches. bleeding disorders,  Arrhythmias,  For rectal
relieve fever through such as hemophilia, hypotension, suppositories,
Dosage central action in the bleeding ulcers tachycardia watch for rectal
Range: hypothalamic heat-  Use cautiously in  Nausea, GI bleeding, mucosal irritation or
80 mg/tab regulating center. patients with GI GI distress bleeding
lesions, impaired  Antepartum and  Febrile, dehydrated
renal function, postpartum bleeding children can
hypoprothhrombinemi  Prolonged bleeding develop toxicity
a, Vitamin k deficiency time rapidly
 Avoid in patients with  Dehydration,  Monitor elderly
severe hepatic hyperkalemia, patients closely
impairment or history hyperglycemia because they may
of active peptic ulcer  Rash, bruising, be more
disease urticaria susceptible to
aspirin’s toxic
effects.
 Monitor salicylate
level
 During prolonged
therapy, assess
hematocrit, Hb
level, PT, INR, and
renal function
periodically