Appendix: words + dependent prepositions

Here are some common words and their dependent prepositions. You should check exactly how each is
used in a dictionary.
Verb + preposition help with Adjective + preposition
account for hinder from afraid of
accuse of hope for angry with/about
accustom to impress with anxious about
agree with/about include in available to/for
amount to insure against capable of
apologise to/for interfere with confident of
appeal to invest in delighted with
apply to involve in dependent on
approve of link to/with different to/from
attach to listen to disappointed with
attend to long for frightened of
attribute to object to good/bad/clever at
base on operate on independent of/from
believe in participate in interested in
belong to persist in involved in
blame for prepare for kind to
charge for prevent from pleased with
comment on prohibit from prejudiced against
compare to/with protest against proud of
compete with provide for/with relevant to
concentrate on react to/against responsible to/for
congratulate on recognise as shocked at/by
connect with recover from sorry about/for
consider as refer to suitable for
consist of reflect in/on suited to
contrast with regard as surprised at/by
cope with relate to tired of
count on rely on upset about
deal with remind of
dedicate to resort to Noun + preposition
depend on result in attention to
devote to search for belief in
differ from separate from capacity for
disapprove of spend on confidence in
discourage from stem from criticism of
distinguish from subject to difference of
distract from suffer from difficulty in/with
divert from think about/of discussion about
divide into warn about/against experience of
dream of worry about information on/about
exclude from problem of/with
experiment on reputation for
focus on trust in
 Word lists
Abbreviations: n/np = noun / noun phrase; v/vp = verb / verb phrase; adj/adjp = adjective /
adjective phrase; adv/advp = adverb / adverb phrase; pv = phrasal verb; T/I = transitive /
intransitive; C/U = countable / uncountable
The numbers indicate the page on which the word or phrase first appears. RS indicates that the
word or phrase appears in the recording script.

Unit 1 automatic adj highly gifted adj (11) extremely intelligent, or having a
natural ability to do something extremely well
automated adj (13) done by machines and not people
human potential np [U] (11) people’s ability to develop
base something on something vp [T] (11) If you base and achieve good things in the future
something on facts or ideas, you use those facts or ideas instinct 本能
to develop it. inspire v [T] (11) to make someone feel enthusiastic
about a subject and give them the idea to do something
bring people together vp [T] (11) If an organisation or
activity brings people together, it causes people to do institute n [C] (11) an organisation where people do a
something as a group. particular kind of scientific or educational work
research institute
by the time phrase (14) at the point when interact with someone/something vp [T] (11) If two
people or things interact with each other, they speak or
channel resources into something vp [T] (12) to use do things with each other.
energy and effort for a particular purpose n 频道、管道
communicate
community 社区、共同体 V 专注于、输送 master v [T] (11) to learn how to do something very well
a common desire np [C] (11) a strong feeling of wanting master degree 硕⼠士学历 bachelor degree学⼠士学历
to achieve or have something, felt by all the members of obtain v [T] (17) to get something that you want
a group desire to do sth common people recruitment program(me) np [C] (RS) a series of actions
pay attention to intended to get people to join an organisation or work for
concentrate on something vp [T] (12) to use most of
your time a company 招聘 招募
ent and hard work areand effort
both to do
crucial to something
career success
concentration camp集中营
crucial adj (12) necessary to make something succeed remain unchanged vp (17) to stay the same, not
⾄至关重要的、关键的 changing in any way remains 遗体、废墟。domain
down-to-earth adj (11) practical and realistic
responsible for something adj (11) being the person
discipline n [C] (11) a particular subject of study who causes something to happen
学科、⾏行行为准则 self-discipline⾃自律律
everyday adj (11) normal and used every day sensors plural n (11) pieces of equipment that can find
extraordinary adj (11) very unusual, special orendure 忍受 heat, light, etc. 传感器器 sense
surprising take something for granted phrase (11) to use
⾮非凡的、奇特的 extraordinary patience and endurance
facilities plural n (10) buildings, equipment or services something all the time, without thinking how useful it is
that are provided for a particular purpose or how lucky you are to have it
基础设施
field n [C] (RS) an area of study or activity telecoms n [U] (9) short for telecommunications, the
academic process or business of sending information or messages
get to the top phrase (RS) to succeed in getting one of by telephone, radio, etc. 电信
the most important jobs in a particular career
thus adv (16) in this way
go on to do something vp (12) to do something after
first doing something else a vast range (of) np [C] (11) a very large number of
different things wide range of facilities
growth rate np [C] (16) the speed at which something
increases visible adj (11) able to be seen
增⻓长率 death rate birth rate
high achiever np [C] (9) a very successful person who vocational training np [U] (9) the learning of skills that
achieves a lot in their life prepare you for a job
Unit 2 interactive displays plural n (23) collections of objects
for people to look at which react when people use them
bold adj (26) describes a colour which is bright and and instruct them to do particular things
strong
make predictions vp (19) say what will happen in the
camouflage n [U] (23) when the colour or pattern on future
something is similar to the area around it, making it
difficult to see master v [T] (19) to learn how to do something well

colour scheme np [C] (25) a combination of colours novel adj (20) new and original, not like anything seen
that has been chosen for the walls, furniture, etc. of a before
particular room or building occupants plural n (26) the people who live in a
comprise v [T] (20) to have as parts or members, or to building
be those parts or members occupy v [T] (26) to live in a building
concept n [C] (20) an idea or principle of something that one by one advp (20) separately, one after the other
exists
overwhelmingly adv (19) very strongly or completely
confirm v [T] (20) to prove that a belief or an opinion
parental adj (20) connected with parents or with being
which was previously not completely certain is true
a parent
consistent adj (20) always behaving or happening in a
pastel colours / pastels plural n (26) light colours that
similar, especially positive, way
are not strong
cue v [T] (20) to give someone a signal to do something
play a role in something phrase (26) to be involved in
decoration n [U] (18) the style and colour of paint or something and have an effect on it
paper on the walls of a room or building
property n [C] (19) a quality in a substance or material,
distinguish v [T] (19) to recognise the differences especially one which means that it can be used in a
between two people, ideas or things particular way
draw someone to something vp [T] (25) to attract repertoire n [C] (19) all the words that you know or can
someone to a thing or person produce
entities plural n [C] (20) things which exist apart from shade n [C] (18) one form of a colour, especially a darker
other things, having their own independent existence or a lighter form
give someone a taste of something phrase (RS) to striking adj (RS) easily noticed and unusual
allow someone to see or experience a little of something
systematic adj (20) using a fixed and organised plan
give someone an idea of something phrase (RS) to
to all intents and purposes phrase (RS) used when you
allow someone to see or experience a little of something
describe the real result of a situation
haphazard adj (19) not having an obvious order or plan
to some degree phrase (20) partly
house v [T] (RS) to contain or provide a space for
unique adj (19) being the only existing one of its type or,
something
more generally, unusual or special in some way
hypothesise v [I] (19) to suggest an explanation for
something which has not yet been proved to be true
in an effort to phrase (19) trying to
in such a way that phrase (26) If you do something in
such a way that something happens, you do it in order to
make that thing happen.
in the course of phrase (19) during
incompetence (at) n [U] (19) lack of ability or skill to
do something successfully or as it should be done
Unit 3 parallel adj (37) happening in a similar way
pharmaceutical adj (32) relating to the production of
absenteeism n [U] (38) when someone is frequently not
medicines
at work or at school
plaster cast np [C] (30) a hard covering that is put over
behind the scenes phrase (33) If something happens
a broken bone in order to support and protect it while it
behind the scenes, it happens secretly, or where the
heals
public cannot see.
(good/bad) posture n [U] (RS) If someone has good
breakdown n [C] (38) a way of presenting information in
posture, their back and shoulders are straight when they
which things are separated into different groups
stand and sit; if someone has bad posture, their back and
clinical trial np [C] (33) a test of a new medicine in shoulders are curved and not straight.
which people are given the medicine
prescribe v [T] (33) to say what medical treatment
comb through something vp [T] (33) to search someone needs
something very carefully
receive physiotherapy vp [T] (30)to get treatment for
condition n [C] (33) an illness an injury which involves doing special exercises and
conversely adv (33) used to introduce something that is movements
different from something you have just said rehabilitation n [U] (RS) when someone who has been ill
cure v [T] (30) to make someone with an illness healthy or injured is cured and can do what they used to do before
again their illness or injury

demographics n [U] (37) the quantity and characteristics relieve v [T] (30) to make pain or a bad feeling less severe
of the people who live in a particular area, for example sedentary activities plural n (RS) activities which involve
their age, how much money they have, etc. sitting and not being physically active
empathy n [U] (33) the ability to imagine and sleep patterns plural n (39) Someone’s sleep patterns are
understand how someone else feels in their situation their sleeping habits, for example, how much they usually
evaluate v [T] (31) to consider something carefully and sleep and when they usually sleep.
decide how good or important it is sports injury np [C] (30) damage to your body caused by
fall behind (someone) vp [I/T] (32) to make less doing a sport
progress than other people who are doing the same thing substantially adv (37) by a large amount
high stakes plural n (33) great advantages that could be symptoms plural n (33) physical feelings or problems
gained in a situation and great disadvantages that could which show that you have a particular illness
also be the result
therapeutic adj (33) helping to cure a disease or improve
hinge on something vp [T] (33) to depend completely on your health
something
therapy n [C/U] (31) a type of treatment for an illness or
inoculate v [T] (30) to give a weak form of a disease to a injury
person or an animal, usually by injection, as a protection
treat v [T] (30) to give medical care to someone for an
against that disease
illness or injury
joint n [C] (30) a place in your body where two bones
undergo v [T] (34) to experience something, for example,
meet
a medical treatment
to make matters worse phrase (32) used before you
a wave of something np [C] (33) a period in which there
describe something bad that happened, making a bad
is an increase in a particular type of activity
situation even worse
well-being n [U] (33) A feeling or sense of well-being is a
medication n [C/U] (33) medicine that is used to treat an
feeling of being healthy, happy and comfortable.
illness
open the door to something phrase (33) If one thing
opens the door to another thing, it makes it possible for
that second thing to happen.
Unit 4 passionate about something adj (RS) very enthusiastic
about something
accessibility n [U] (42) how easy something is to
understand pigment n [C] (RS) a substance that gives something
colour
all shapes and sizes phrase (41) of many different
shapes and sizes prior to something adj (41) before something

call for something vp [T] (42) to need or deserve a produce v [T] (42) to create something
particular action or quality remarkable adj (41) very unusual or noticeable in a way
clarity n [U] (42) the quality of being clear and easy to that you admire
understand share the spotlight with something/someone phrase
decorative adj (41) intended to be attractive rather than (42) to receive less attention because someone or
having a use something else has started to be noticed too

dogmatic adj (42) not willing to accept other ideas or spectrum n [C] (41) a range of something
opinions because you think yours are right stimulate v [T] (48) to give someone the interest and
dominant adj (41) main or most important excitement to do something

durable adj (RS) remaining in good condition over a take advantage of something phrase (41) to use a
long time situation to get something good

enhance v [T] (48) to improve something take hold phrase (41) to become popular

exert an influence vp [T] (42) to have an effect take off vp [I] (RS) to suddenly become successful

format n [C] (41) the way something is designed, take steps to do something phrase (49) to take action in
arranged or produced order to solve a problem

foster v [T] (48) to encourage something to develop to this day phrase (41) even now, after a long period

give someone an opportunity vp [T] (41) to allow trace v [T] (41) to copy a picture by putting transparent
someone to have the chance to do something paper on top and following the outer line of the picture
with a pen
grind v [T] (RS) to keep rubbing something between two
rough, hard surfaces until it becomes a powder a vehicle for something / doing something phrase
(41) a way of making something happen, often a way of
in stark contrast to phrase (42) used to show that communicating ideas
someone or something is completely different from
someone or something else visual art form np [C] (RS) something that someone has
made to be beautiful or to express their ideas which can
indigenous people np [C] (RS) people who have lived in be seen, for example a painting or a sculpture
a place for a very long time, before other people moved
to that place from different parts of the world wash away vp [T] (RS) If water washes something away,
it removes that thing.
make advances in something phrase (42) to make
something develop or progress when it comes to something / doing something phrase
(RS) used to introduce a new idea that you want to say
make use of something phrase (42) to use something something about
that is available
work of art np [C] (40) a very beautiful and important
meet a need for something phrase (43) to provide what painting, drawing, etc.
is necessary for something
nuance n [C] (41) a very slight difference
override v [T] (48) to be more important than something
else
palette n [C] (RS) a board used by an artist to mix their
paints on while they are painting
Unit 5 imply v [T] (55) to suggest or show something

allocate v [T] (56) If you allocate a task to someone, you inheritance n [C/U] (58) money or possessions that you
give them that particular task. get from someone when they die

artefacts plural n [C] (52) objects, especially very old an insight into something np [C] (56) a way of
objects, of historical interest understanding what something is really like

barter v [I/T] (55) to exchange goods or services for keep themselves to themselves phrase (55) If a group
other goods or services, without using money of people keep themselves to themselves, they stay with
that group and do not spend time with other people.
be a question of something phrase (59) to be related to
something lead someone to do something vp (54) to cause
someone to do or think something
burial site np [C] (52) an area of land where dead bodies
are buried lessen v [I/T] (55) to become less, or to make something
less
catch up on something vp [T] (53) to do something that
you did not have time to do earlier lobe n [C] (55) one of the parts of the brain

erode v [I/T] (61) If soil, stone, etc. erodes or is eroded, maintain links with something phrase (59) to keep a
it is gradually damaged and removed by the sea, rain or connection with something
wind. mimic v [T] (RS) to have the same behaviour or qualities
coastal erosion np [U] (60) the gradual disappearance of as something else
cliffs, beaches, etc. as a result of the action of the sea plummet v [I] (55) If an amount or level of something
come about vp [I] (55) to happen or start to happen plummets, it suddenly becomes very much lower.

compact v [T] (RS) to press something together so that it predator n [C] (RS) an animal that kills and eats other
becomes tight or solid animals

current n [C] (54) the natural flow of water in one refuge n [C] (55) a place where you are protected from
direction danger

die out vp [I] (54) to become more and more rare and robust adj (55) strong and thick
then disappear completely sediment n [C/U] (53) a layer of sand, stones, etc. that
division of labour singular n (55) a way of organising eventually forms a layer of rock
work so that different people are responsible for different sentimental value np [U] (RS) importance that an
tasks object has because it makes you remember someone or
entomb v [T] (RS) to bury something or someone in something and not because it is worth a lot of money
something so they cannot escape silt n [U] (54) sand and clay that has been carried along
exceptionally adv (60) unusually by a river and is left on land

fault lines plural n (RS) breaks in the Earth’s surface stocky adj (55) having a wide, strong body

fossilisation n [U] (RS) the process of becoming a fossil trait n [C] (55) a quality in someone’s character
(= part of an animal or plant from many thousands of turn the clock back phrase (55) to go back in time
years ago, preserved in rock)
wear away vp [I/T] (61) to disappear after a lot of time
give someone or something the edge phrase (55) to or use, or to make something disappear in this way
give someone an advantage over someone else
wear someone/something down vp [T] (55) to make
heritage n [U] (54) the buildings, paintings, customs, someone or something gradually lose their strength
etc. which are important in a culture or society because
widespread adj (55) existing in a lot of places
they have existed for a long time
immediate surroundings plural n (55) Your immediate
surroundings are the area that is closest to you.
implement n [C] (55) a tool
Unit 6 instant access np [U] (70) the opportunity to use or see
something immediately
the advent of something phrase (RS) the start or arrival
of something new mediocrity n [U] (64) the quality of being not very good

advocate of something np [C] (64) someone who modify v [T] (64) to change something in order to
supports a particular idea or way of doing things improve it

anything but (sophisticated) phrase (63) If someone or overhaul v [T] (63) to make important changes to a
something is anything but a particular quality, they are system in order to improve it
the opposite of that quality. pace singular n (63) the speed at which something
break new ground phrase (RS) to do something that is happens
different from anything that has been done before phenomena plural n (RS) things that exist or happen,
by and large phrase (64) generally usually things that are unusual

cater to someone/something vp [T] (64) to give people pioneer v [T] (RS) to be one of the first people to do
what they want, usually something that people think is something
wrong prove to be something v (71) to show a particular quality
convincing adj (RS) able to make you believe that after a period of time
something is true or right reach the point phrase (70) to get to a particular situation
enamoured with someone/something adj (64) liking or require someone to do something v [T] (66) to need
approving of someone or something very much someone to do something
engage in something vp [T] (69) to take part in rote n (64) a way of learning something by repeating it
something many times, rather than understanding it
the extent of something phrase (65) the level, size or save the day phrase (63) to do something that solves a
importance of something serious problem
feature film np [C] (RS) a film that is usually 90 or more scroll up/down/back/forward, etc. v [I] (63) to move
minutes long text or an image on a computer screen so that you can
film sequence np [C] (RS) a part of a film that deals look at the part that you want
with one event simulation n [C/U] (67) when you do or make something
generate v [T] (63) to cause something to exist which behaves or looks like something real but which is
not real
get stuck phrase (63) to not be able to continue doing
something because there is something you cannot supplement v [T] (66) to add an extra amount or part to
understand or solve something

gloss over something vp [T] (64) to avoid discussing supplement n [C] (63) an extra amount or part added to
something, or to discuss something without any details something
in order to make it seem unimportant tailor v [T] (63) to make or change something so that it is
icon n [C] (RS) a person or thing that is famous because suitable
it represents a particular idea or way of life technique n [C/U] (64) a particular or special way of
identify with someone vp [T] (68) to feel that you are doing something
similar to someone, and can understand them or their tune out vp [I] (63) to stop giving your attention to what
situation because of this is happening around you
in essence phrase (64) relating to the most important unambiguously adv (64) clearly having only one meaning
characteristics or ideas of something
in leaps and bounds phrase (70) If progress or growth
happens in leaps and bounds, it happens very quickly.
in vain phrase (63) without any success
Unit 7 microbes plural n (78) very small organisms, often
bacteria that cause disease
absorption n [U] (78) the process by which something is
taken in and becomes part of something else monocrops plural n (78) single plants grown for food

at risk phrase (82) being in a situation where something numerous ways phrase (77) many different ways
bad is likely to happen on an international/global/national level phrase (78)
blow n [C] (77) a shock or disappointment If something is dealt with on an international/global/
national, etc. level, it is dealt with by all the countries of
bolster v [T] (78) to make something stronger by the world or by a whole country.
supporting it or encouraging it
parasite infestations plural n (78) when animals or
check something out vp [T] (RS) to get more plants that live on or in another type of animal cause
information about something by examining it or reading problems by being somewhere in large numbers
about it
pathogens plural n (78) small living things that can
cloning n [U] (81) the process of making an exact copy cause disease
of a plant or animal by removing one of its cells
read up on something vp [T] (RS) to read a lot about a
clue n [C] (77) a sign or piece of information that helps subject in order to get information
you to solve a problem or answer a question
setback n [C] (77) a problem that makes something
culprit n [C] (78) something that is responsible for a bad happen later or more slowly than it should
situation
stunning adj (76) very beautiful
cultivate v [T] (78) to grow plants in large numbers
tease something apart vp [T] (78) to separate different
do/play your part phrase (78) to perform an important things
function
tempt v [T] (RS) to make you want to do or have
distinct adj (78) separate something
diversity n [U] (78) when many different types of things thrive v [I] (78) to grow very well, or to become very
or people exist healthy or successful
flora and fauna phrase (80) The flora and fauna of a toxic adj (78) poisonous
place are its plants and animals.
under threat phrase (82) If something is under threat, it
forage v [I] (78) to move about searching for things you is in danger.
need, especially food
vicinity singular n (78) the area near a place
frighten someone off vp [T] (RS) to make a person or
animal afraid so that they go away viral adj (78) caused by or relating to a virus
(= infectious organism)
fungal adj (78) caused by or relating to a fungus (=
a type of organism which gets its food from decaying
material or other living things)
go back to something vp [T] (77) to go back to a time in
the past
greenhouse n [C] (77) a building made of glass for
growing plants in
justification for something np [U] (80) a reason for
something
longevity n [U] (78) living for a long time
menace n [C] (78) something that is likely to cause harm
Unit 8 in turn phrase (92) as a result

allocate v [T] (86) to give money, time, space, etc. to be intrinsic merit np [U] (85) If something has intrinsic
used for a particular purpose merit, it has qualities itself.

astronomer n [C] (89) someone who scientifically introspective adj (85) thinking a lot about your own
studies stars and planets thoughts and feelings and not communicating these to
other people
astronomy n [U] (85) the scientific study of stars and
planets launch n [C] (88) the sending of a spacecraft into the
sky
build a picture of something phrase (86) to gain an
understanding of something lens n [C] (RS) a curved piece of glass in cameras,
glasses and scientific equipment used for looking at
chiefly adv (85) mainly things
comet n [C] (86) an object in space that leaves a bright magnify v [T] (RS) to make an object look larger than it
line behind it in the sky is by looking through special equipment
continuity n [U] (87) the state of continuing for a long make a contribution to something phrase (85) to do
period of time without changing or being stopped something that helps something to develop or succeed
cult following np [C] (RS) a group of people who very means n [C] (92) a way of doing something
much like a particular thing that most people do not
know about minimise v [T] (97) to reduce something to the least
amount or level
distract someone from something vp [T] (85) to take
someone’s attention away from something needless to say phrase (RS) as you would expect

divert something from something vp [T] (85) to take obsessed with someone/something adj (RS) extremely
someone’s attention away from something interested in something

domain n [C] (85) a particular subject or activity that physiological adj (86) relating to how the bodies of
someone controls or deals with living things work

early/ancient/modern, etc. civilisations plural n (85) primarily adv (85) mainly

the cultures and ways of life of societies at particular realise v [T] (85) to achieve something
times
solar eclipse np [C] (RS) an occasion when the Moon
the end result singular n (RS) the result of an activity passes between the Sun and the Earth, and the Moon
evolve v [I/T] (85) to develop blocks the light from the Sun

for the purpose(s) of something phrase (85) in order to the solar system singular n (86) the sun and planets
do something that move around it

found v [T] (85) to start an organisation, especially by sustain v [T] (RS) to allow something to continue
providing money it is not uncommon for phrase (85) If you say it is not
galaxy n [C] (RS) a very large group of stars held uncommon for something to happen, you mean it quite
together in the universe often happens.

geologist n [C] (86) someone who studies rocks and soil undertake v [T] (86) to be responsible for a project or
and the physical structure of the Earth task that will take a long time or be difficult

gravitational force np [U] (RS) the force that makes the universe singular n (84) everything that exists,
objects fall to the ground or that pulls objects towards a including stars, space, etc.
planet or other body want nothing more than phrase (RS) to want most of all
in collaboration with someone phrase (85) working to do something
together with someone
in the sense that phrase (85) in the way of thinking that