INDEX

SR. NO. CONTENTS

INDUSTRY CERTIFICATE DECLARATION BY THE STUDENT CERTIFICATE BY TRAINING INCHARGE CERTIFICATE BY THE FACULTY GUIDE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT PREFACE CHAPTER-I CHAPTER-II CHAPTER-III INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT INDUSTRY COMPANY PROFILE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY vi i ii iii iv v

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CHAPTER-IV DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION CHAPTER-V FINDINGS SUGGESTIONS CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY ANNEXURE

CHAPTER-I INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT

RATIO ANALYSIS
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FINANCIAL ANALYSIS Financial analysis is the process of identifying the financial strengths and weaknesses of the firm and establishing relationship between the items of the balance sheet and profit & loss account. Financial ratio analysis is the calculation and comparison of ratios, which are derived from the information in a companys financial statements. The level and historical trends of these ratios can be used to make inferences about a companys financial condition, its operations and attractiveness as an investment. The information in the statements is used by Trade creditors, to identify the firms ability to meet their claims i.e. liquidity position of the company. Investors, to know about the present and future profitability of the company and its financial structure. Management, in every aspect of the financial analysis. It is the responsibility of the management to maintain sound financial condition in the company.

RATIO ANALYSIS The term Ratio refers to the numerical and quantitative relationship between two items or variables. This relationship can be exposed as Percentages Fractions Proportion of numbers Ratio analysis is defined as the systematic use of the ratio to interpret the financial statements. So that the strengths and weaknesses of a firm, as well as its historical performance and current financial condition can be determined. Ratio reflects a quantitative relationship helps to form a quantitative judgment.

STEPS IN RATIO ANALYSIS

The first task of the financial analysis is to select the information relevant to the decision under consideration from the statements and calculates appropriate ratios.

To compare the calculated ratios with the ratios of the same firm relating to the past or with the industry ratios. It facilitates in assessing success or failure of the firm.

Third step is to interpretation, drawing of inferences and report writing conclusions are drawn after comparison in the shape of report or recommended courses of action.

BASIS OR STANDARDS OF COMPARISON

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Ratios are relative figures reflecting the relation between variables. They enable analyst to draw conclusions regarding financial operations. They use of ratios as a tool of financial analysis involves the comparison with related facts. This is the basis of ratio analysis. The basis of ratio analysis is of four types. Past ratios, calculated from past financial statements of the firm. Competitors ratio, of the some most progressive and successful competitor firm at the same point of time. Industry ratio, the industry ratios to which the firm belongs to Projected ratios, ratios of the future developed from the projected or pro forma financial statements

NATURE OF RATIO ANALYSIS

Ratio analysis is a technique of analysis and interpretation of financial statements. It is the process of establishing and interpreting various ratios for helping in making certain decisions. It is only a means of understanding of financial strengths and weaknesses of a firm. There are a number of ratios which can be calculated from the information given in the financial statements, but the analyst has to select the appropriate data and calculate only a few appropriate ratios. The following are the four steps involved in the ratio analysis. Selection of relevant data from the financial statements depending upon the objective of the analysis. Calculation of appropriate ratios from the above data. Comparison of the calculated ratios with the ratios of the same firm in the past, or the ratios developed from projected financial
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statements or the ratios of some other firms or the comparison with ratios of the industry to which the firm belongs.

INTERPRETATION OF THE RATIOS

The interpretation of ratios is an important factor. The inherent limitations of ratio analysis should be kept in mind while interpreting them. The impact of factors such as price level changes, change in accounting policies, window dressing etc., should also be kept in mind when attempting to interpret ratios. The interpretation of ratios can be made in the following ways. Single absolute ratio Group of ratios Historical comparison Projected ratios Inter-firm comparison

GUIDELINES OR PRECAUTIONS FOR USE OF RATIOS

The calculation of ratios may not be a difficult task but their use is not easy.

Following guidelines or factors may be kept in mind while interpreting various ratios are
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 Accuracy of financial statements Objective or purpose of analysis Selection of ratios Use of standards Caliber of the analysis

IMPORTANCE OF RATIO ANALYSIS

Aid to measure general efficiency Aid to measure financial solvency Aid in forecasting and planning Facilitate decision making Aid in corrective action Aid in intra-firm comparison Act as a good communication Evaluation of efficiency Effective tool

LIMITATIONS OF RATIO ANALYSIS

 Differences in definitions Limitations of accounting records Lack of proper standards No allowances for price level changes Changes in accounting procedures Quantitative factors are ignored Limited use of single ratio Background is over looked Limited use Personal bias

CLASSIFICATIONS OF RATIOS
The use of ratio analysis is not confined to financial manager only. There are different parties interested in the ratio analysis for knowing the financial position of a firm for different purposes. Various accounting ratios can be classified as follows: 1. Traditional Classification 2. Functional Classification 3. Significance ratios

1. Traditional Classification
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It includes the following. Balance sheet (or) position statement ratio: They deal with the relationship between two balance sheet items, e.g. the ratio of current assets to current liabilities etc., both the items must, however, pertain to the same balance sheet. Profit & loss account (or) revenue statement ratios: These ratios deal with the relationship between two profit & loss account items, e.g. the ratio of gross profit to sales etc., Composite (or) inter statement ratios: These ratios exhibit the relation between a profit & loss account or income statement item and a balance sheet items, e.g. stock turnover ratio, or the ratio of total assets to sales. 2. Functional Classification These include liquidity ratios, long term solvency and leverage ratios, activity ratios and profitability ratios.

3. Significance ratios Some ratios are important than others and the firm may classify them as primary and secondary ratios. The primary ratio is one, which is of the prime importance to a concern. The other ratios that support the primary ratio are called secondary ratios.

IN THE VIEW OF FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION THE RATIOS ARE

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1. Liquidity ratio 2. Leverage ratio 3. Activity ratio 4. Profitability ratio

1. LIQUIDITY RATIOS Liquidity refers to the ability of a concern to meet its current obligations as & when there becomes due. The short term obligations of a firm can be met only when there are sufficient liquid assets. The short term obligations are met by realizing amounts from current, floating (or) circulating assets The current assets should either be calculated liquid (or) near liquidity. They should be convertible into cash for paying obligations of short term nature. The sufficiency (or) insufficiency of current assets should be assessed by comparing them with short-term current liabilities. If current assets can pay off current liabilities, then liquidity position will be satisfactory. To measure the liquidity of a firm the following ratios can be calculated Current ratio Quick (or) Acid-test (or) Liquid ratio Absolute liquid ratio (or) Cash position ratio

(a) CURRENT RATIO:

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Current ratio may be defined as the relationship between current assets and current liabilities. This ratio also known as Working capital ratio is a measure of general liquidity and is most widely used to make the analysis of a short-term financial position (or) liquidity of a firm.

Current assets Current ratio = Current liabilities

Components of current ratio

CURRENT ASSETS Cash in hand Cash at bank Bills receivable Inventories Work-in-progress Marketable securities Short-term investments Sundry debtors Prepaid expenses

CURRENT LIABILITIES Out standing or accrued expenses Bank over draft Bills payable Short-term advances Sundry creditors Dividend payable Income-tax payable

(b) QUICK RATIO

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Quick ratio is a test of liquidity than the current ratio. The term liquidity refers to the ability of a firm to pay its short-term obligations as & when they become due. Quick ratio may be defined as the relationship between quick or liquid assets and current liabilities. An asset is said to be liquid if it is converted into cash with in a short period without loss of value.

Quick or liquid assets Quick ratio = Current liabilities

Components of quick or liquid ratio

QUICK ASSETS Cash in hand Cash at bank Bills receivable Sundry debtors Marketable securities Temporary investments

CURRENT LIABILITIES Out standing or accrued expenses Bank over draft Bills payable Short-term advances Sundry creditors Dividend payable Income tax payable

(c) ABSOLUTE LIQUID RATIO

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Although receivable, debtors and bills receivable are generally more liquid than inventories, yet there may be doubts regarding their realization into cash immediately or in time. Hence, absolute liquid ratio should also be calculated together with current ratio and quick ratio so as to exclude even receivables from the current assets and find out the absolute liquid assets.

Absolute liquid assets Absolute liquid ratio = Current liabilities

Absolute liquid assets include cash in hand etc. The acceptable forms for this ratio is 50% (or) 0.5:1 (or) 1:2 i.e., Rs.1 worth absolute liquid assets are considered to pay Rs.2 worth current liabilities in time as all the creditors are nor accepted to demand cash at the same time and then cash may also be realized from debtors and inventories.

Components of Absolute Liquid Ratio

ABSOLUTE LIQUID ASSETS Cash in hand Cash at bank Interest on Fixed Deposit

CURRENT LIABILITIES Out standing or accrued expenses Bank over draft Bills payable Short-term advances Sundry creditors Dividend payable Income tax payable

2. LEVERAGE RATIOS
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The leverage or solvency ratio refers to the ability of a concern to meet its long term obligations. Accordingly, long term solvency ratios indicate firms ability to meet the fixed interest and costs and repayment schedules associated with its long term borrowings. The following ratio serves the purpose of determining the solvency of the concern. Proprietory ratio (a) PROPRIETORY RATIO A variant to the debt-equity ratio is the proprietory ratio which is also known as equity ratio. This ratio establishes relationship between share holders funds to total assets of the firm. Shareholders funds Proprietory ratio = Total assets

SHARE HOLDERS FUND Share Capital Reserves & Surplus

TOTAL ASSETS Fixed Assets Current Assets Cash in hand & at bank Bills receivable Inventories Marketable securities Short-term investments Sundry debtors Prepaid Expenses

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3. ACTIVITY RATIOS Funds are invested in various assets in business to make sales and earn profits. The efficiency with which assets are managed directly effect the volume of sales. Activity ratios measure the efficiency (or) effectiveness with which a firm manages its resources (or) assets. These ratios are also called Turn over ratios because they indicate the speed with which assets are converted or turned over into sales. Working capital turnover ratio Fixed assets turnover ratio Capital turnover ratio Current assets to fixed assets ratio

(a) WORKING CAPITAL TURNOVER RATIO Working capital of a concern is directly related to sales. Working capital = Current assets - Current liabilities

It indicates the velocity of the utilization of net working capital. This indicates the no. of times the working capital is turned over in the course of a year. A higher ratio indicates efficient utilization of working capital and a lower ratio indicates inefficient utilization. Working capital turnover ratio=cost of goods sold/working capital.

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Components of Working Capital

CURRENT ASSETS Cash in hand Cash at bank Bills receivable Inventories Work-in-progress Marketable securities Short-term investments Sundry debtors Prepaid expenses

CURRENT LIABILITIES Out standing or accrued expenses Bank over draft Bills payable Short-term advances Sundry creditors Dividend payable Income-tax payable

(b) FIXED ASSETS TURNOVER RATIO It is also known as sales to fixed assets ratio. This ratio measures the efficiency and profit earning capacity of the firm. Higher the ratio, greater is the intensive utilization of fixed assets. Lower ratio means under-utilization of fixed assets. Cost of Sales Fixed assets turnover ratio = Net fixed assets

Cost of Sales = Income from Services Net Fixed Assets = Fixed Assets - Depreciation

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(c) CAPITAL TURNOVER RATIOS Sometimes the efficiency and effectiveness of the operations are judged by comparing the cost of sales or sales with amount of capital invested in the business and not with assets held in the business, though in both cases the same result is expected. Capital invested in the business may be classified as long-term and short-term capital or as fixed capital and working capital or Owned Capital and Loaned Capital. All Capital Turnovers are calculated to study the uses of various types of capital.

Cost of goods sold Capital turnover ratio = Capital employed

Cost of Goods Sold = Income from Services

Capital Employed = Capital + Reserves & Surplus

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(d) CURRENT ASSETS TO FIXED ASSETS RATIO This ratio differs from industry to industry. The increase in the ratio means that trading is slack or mechanization has been used. A decline in the ratio means that debtors and stocks are increased too much or fixed assets are more intensively used. If current assets increase with the corresponding increase in profit, it will show that the business is expanding. Current Assets Current Assets to Fixed Assets Ratio = Fixed Assets

Component of Current Assets to Fixed Assets Ratio CURRENT ASSETS Cash in hand Cash at bank Bills receivable Inventories Work-in-progress Marketable securities Short-term investments Sundry debtors Prepaid expenses FIXED ASSETS Machinery Buildings Plant Vehicles

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4. PROFITABILITY RATIOS The primary objectives of business undertaking are to earn profits. Because profit is the engine, that drives the business enterprise. Net profit ratio Return on total assets Reserves and surplus to capital ratio Earnings per share Operating profit ratio Price earning ratio Return on investments

(a) NET PROFIT RATIO Net profit ratio establishes a relationship between net profit (after tax) and sales and indicates the efficiency of the management in manufacturing, selling administrative and other activities of the firm.

Net profit after tax Net profit ratio= Net sales

Net Profit after Tax = Net Profit () Depreciation () Interest () Income Tax

Net Sales = Income from Services

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It also indicates the firms capacity to face adverse economic conditions such as price competitors, low demand etc. Obviously higher the ratio, the better is the profitability.

(b) RETURN ON TOTAL ASSETS Profitability can be measured in terms of relationship between net profit and assets. This ratio is also known as profit-to-assets ratio. It measures the profitability of investments. The overall profitability can be known.

Net profit Return on assets = Total assets

Net Profit = Earnings before Interest and Tax

Total Assets = Fixed Assets + Current Assets

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(c) RESERVES AND SURPLUS TO CAPITAL RATIO It reveals the policy pursued by the company with regard to growth shares. A very high ratio indicates a conservative dividend policy and increased ploughing back to profit. Higher the ratio better will be the position.

Reserves& surplus Reserves & surplus to capital = Capital

(d) EARNINGS PER SHARE Earnings per share is a small verification of return of equity and is calculated by dividing the net profits earned by the company and those profits after taxes and preference dividend by total no. of equity shares.

Net profit after tax Earnings per share = Number of Equity shares

The Earnings per share is a good measure of profitability when compared with EPS of similar other components (or) companies, it gives a view of the comparative earnings of a firm. (e) OPERATING PROFIT RATIO

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Operating ratio establishes the relationship between cost of goods sold and other operating expenses on the one hand and the sales on the other. Operating cost Operation ratio = Net sales

However 75 to 85% may be considered to be a good ratio in case of a manufacturing under taking. Operating profit ratio is calculated by dividing operating profit by sales. Operating profit = Net sales - Operating cost

Operating profit Operating profit ratio = Sales

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(f) PRICE - EARNING RATIO Price earning ratio is the ratio between market price per equity share and earnings per share. The ratio is calculated to make an estimate of appreciation in the value of a share of a company and is widely used by investors to decide whether (or) not to buy shares in a particular company. Generally, higher the price-earning ratio, the better it is. If the price earning ratio falls, the management should look into the causes that have resulted into the fall of the ratio.

Market Price per Share Price Earning Ratio = Earnings per Share Capital + Reserves & Surplus Market Price per Share = Number of Equity Shares

Earnings before Interest and Tax Earnings per Share = Number of Equity Shares

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(g) RETURN ON INVESTMENTS Return on share holders investment, popularly known as Return on investments (or) return on share holders or proprietors funds is the relationship between net profit (after interest and tax) and the proprietors funds.

Net profit (after interest and tax) Return on shareholders investment = Shareholders funds

The ratio is generally calculated as percentages by multiplying the above with 100.

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CHAPTER- II COMPANY PROFILE

COMPANY PROFILE
Type Private
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Company NameFoundedCapitalPresident-

Yamaha Motor Co. Ltd. July 1,1955 85,666 million yen (as of march 31, 2011) Hiroyuki Yanagi

Employee(Consolidated)- 52,184 (as of December 31,2010) Parent : 10,302 (as of December 31,2010) Sales (Consolidated)Parent: Lines of BusinessesManufacture and sales of motorcycles, scooters, electrically power assisted bicycles, boats, sail boats, personal watercrafts, pools, utility boats, fishing boats, outboard motors, diesel engines, 4-wheel ATVs, side-by-side vehicles, racing kart engines, golf cars, multi-purpose engines, generators, water pumps, snowmobiles, small-sized snow throwers, automobile engines, intelligent machinery, industrial-use unmanned helicopters, electrical power units for wheelchairs, helmets. Import and sales of various types of products, development of tourist businesses and management of leisure, recreational facilities and related services. Sales Profile Sales (%) by product category (consolidated) 1,294,131 million yen (from January 1, 2010 to December 31,2010) 470,134 million yen (from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010)

Sales (%) by region (consolidated)

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Headquarters-

2500 Shingai, Iwata-shi, Shizuoka-ken, Japan

Group CompaniesConsolidated subsidiaries: 106 Non-consolidated subsidiaries: 6 (by the equity method) Affiliates: 26 (by the equity method) (as of March 31,2011)

HISTORY OF THE COMPANY

After World War II, company president Genichi Kawakamisaki repurposed the remains of the company's war-time production machinery and the company's expertise in metallurgical technologies to the manufacture of motorcycles. The YA-1 (AKA Akatombo, the "Red Dragonfly"), of which 125 were built in the first year of production (1958), was named in honor of the founder. It was a 125cc, single cylinder, two-stroke, street bike patterned after the German DKW RT125 (which the British munitions firm, BSA, had also copied in the post-war era and manufactured as the Bantam and Harley-Davidson as the Hummer). In 1959, the success of the YA-1 resulted in the founding of the Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd. In October 1987, on its 100th anniversary, the name was changed to The Yamaha Corporation. Yamaha has won a total of 36 World Championships, including 3 in MotoGP and 9 in the preceding 500cc 2-stroke class, and 1 in World Superbike. Yamaha created the innovations which lead to the modern motocross bike, as they were the first to build a production monoshock motocross bike (1975 for 250 and 400, 1976 for 125) and one of the first to have a water-cooled motocross production bike (1977 in works bikes, 1981 in off-the-shelf bikes). Situated at Faridabad, Haryana, Yamaha Motor India Private Limited is a 100% owned subsidiary of Yamaha Motors Company Limited of Japan. Total employee strength of the company is more than 3000 people. The company has opened "Yamaha One"- a branded dealership at Delhi and plans to open more in the future. Along with this, Japan has also set
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up another subsidiary-Yamaha Motors India Sales Pvt. Ltd.(YMIS) that deals with the sales and after sales services for Yamaha brand of bikes. It is located at Surajpur, outside Delhi with an employee strength of 120. It started its manufacturing in India with local partner Escorts in 1996. It acquired 100% ownership in 2001. YAMAHA is currently operating in Indian market with various models viz. CRUX (100cc), ALBA (106cc) and GLADIATOR (125cc). The company has its manufacturing unit in Faridabad and Surajpur, which supports the production of motorcycles for domestic as well as overseas market. Considering environment sensitive issues, Yamaha Motors also goes into the concept of environment friendly technology that brags of effluent treatment plant, rain water - harvesting mechanism and a motivated forestation drive. The company believe in taking care of not only customers motoring needs but also the needs of future generations. The YAMAHA plant is ISO 9001, 14001 and 18001 certified. The first certification is for quality management where as the second and third one are for environmental and safety standards and health respectively. .

List of Directors
Directors of Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd. are as follows; Title President and Representative Director Representative Director Director Director Director Director Director
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Name Hiroyuki Yanagi Takaaki Kimura Toyoo Ohtsubo Yoshiteru Takahashi Masahito Suzuki Hiroyuki Suzuki Kozo Shinozaki

Director (Outside) Director (Outside) Director (Outside) Director (Outside) Standing Corporate Auditor Standing Corporate Auditor Corporate Auditor (Outside) Corporate Auditor (Outside) Corporate Auditor (Outside)
As of March 25, 2010

Shuji Ito Masayoshi Furuhata Eizo Kobayashi Yuko Kawamoto Haruhiko Wakuda Tsutomu Mabuchi Naomoto Ohta Norihiko Shimizu Tetsuo Kawawa

Business Operations Yamaha Motor divisions, key products The growing world of Yamaha products, for the water, for the land, in town and into the future Motorcycles Sports bikes, Trail bikes, Road racers, Motocrossers, etc. Recreational Vehicles All-terrain vehicles, Side
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Commuter Vehicles Scooters, Business-use bikes Boats Powerboats, Sailboats,

by side vehicles, Snowmobiles Marine Engines Outboard motors, Electric marine motors, Marine diesel engines, Stern drives Electrically Power Assisted Bicycles Electrically Power Assisted Bicycles Aeronautics Industrial-use unmanned helicopters Power Products Generators, Multipurpose engines, Water pumps, Snow throwers, etc. Aqua Environment / Environmental Devices Alkaline ionized water apparatus, Water purifiers, Filtration equipment, Oil Life Science Astaxanthin preparation, Astaxanthin supplement

Utility boats, Custom boats Personal Watercraft Personal Watercraft

Automobile Engines Automobile Engines

Golf Cars Golf cars, Land cars Pools Pools, Water slide systems, Aqua trainer tubs, Pool-related equipment Intelligent Machinery Surface mounters, Compact industrial robots, etc.

Wheelchairs Wheelchair electric drive units, Electric wheelchairs, etc.

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Parts (accessories) Parts, Accessories, Apparel, Helmets, Engine oil, etc.

VISION
We will establish Yamaha as the exclusive and trusted brand of customers by creating KANDO (touching their hearts) the first time and every time with world class products and services delivered by people having passion for customers.

MISSION
We are committed to be the exclusive & trusted brand renowned for marketing and manufacturing of Yamaha products, focusing on serving our customer where we can build long term relationships by raising their lifestyles through performance excellence, productive design and innovative technology. Our innovative solutions will always exceed the changing needs of our customers and provide value added vehicles. Build the winning team with capabilities for success, thriving in a climate for action and delivering results. our employees are the most valuable assets and we intend to develop them to achieve international level of professionalism with progressive career development. As a good corporate citizen, we will conduct our business ethically and socially in a responsible manner with concerns for the environment.

CORE COMPETENCIES
CUSTOMER FIRST CHALLENGING SPIRIT TEAM WORK FRANK & FAIR ORGANIZATION

GROUP COMPANIES

Yamaha motorcycles sales japan co. ltd.

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 Yamaha motor engineering co. Yamaha kumamoto products co. ltd. Yamaha motor assist co. ltd. Yamaha motor electronics ltd. Yamaha football club co. ltd. AND MANY MORE.

YAMAHA MOTORS IN INDIA

YAMAHA MOTORCYCLES MODEL Yamaha YBR 110 Yamaha YZF-R1 2010 Yamaha VMAX 2009 Yamaha Fazer Yamaha FZS Rajdoot Excel-T Yamaha RXZ Rajdoot Deluxe Rajdoot Standard Yamaha Enticer Yamaha Escorts Ace Yamaha RX 135 Yamaha YBX 125 Yamaha Gladiator

CAPACITY 110 CC 1679CC 153CC 150 CC 173 CC 132 CC 173 CC 173 CC 123.7 CC 173 CC 132 CC 125 CC 123.7 CC

Gladiator Std Gladiator DX 106 CC 106 CC 123.7 CC 106 CC 1000 CC 32 1670 CC 150 CC 150 CC

Yamaha Libero G5 Yamaha Crux Yamaha Gladiator Type JA Yamaha Alba 106 Yamaha YZF R1 Yamaha MT 01 Yamaha YZF-R15 Yamaha FZ 16

YAMAHA SCOOTERETTES/MOPEDS MODEL Toro Rosa Toro Jazz CAPACITY 100 CC 109.7 CC

COMPANY PROFILE
The two-wheeler industry in India has been in existence since 1955. It consists of three segments scooters, motorcycles and mopeds. These are very popular as a mode of transport due to their fuel efficiency and ease of use in congested traffic. The number of two wheelers sold is several times that of cars. According to a recent survey by SIAM (Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers) the no. of two wheelers sold in the fiscal year ended in march,2008 is 7.25 million units as compared to 1.5 million units of corresponding 4 wheelers ( passenger cars, SUVs etc.). The two-wheeler market in India is the biggest contributor to the automobile industry with a size of Rs.100000 million. Foreign collaborations have been playing a major role in the growth of the Indian
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two-wheeler market, and most of them are Japanese firms. Auto segment in India is widely leaded by two wheeler manufacturer as we can seen in the graph. So there is a lot of opportunity for two wheeler manufacturers.

Indian two -wheeler contributes the largest volumes amongst all the segments in automobile industry. This segment can be broadly categorized into 3 sub-segments viz.; scooters, motorcycles and mopeds. In the last four to five years, the two-wheeler market has witnessed a marked shift towards motorcycles at the expense of scooters. In the rural areas, consumers have come to prefer sturdier bikes to withstand the bad road conditions. In the process the share of motorcycle segment has grown from 48% to 58%, the share of scooters declined drastically from

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33% to 25%, while that of mopeds declined by 2% from 19% to 17% during the year 2008-09. The Euro emission norms effective from April 2000 led to the existing players in the two- stroke segment to install catalytic converters. All the new models are now being replaced by 4-stroke motorcycles. Excise duty on motorcycles has been reduced from 32% to 24%, resulting in price reduction, which has aided in propelling the demand for motorcycles.

Two wheeler fleet composition in India:-

Almost all the two-wheelers companies except YAMAHA Motors have launched scooter version in India. Although currently Bajaj Auto is not manufacturing any scooters previously Bajaj was market leader of two wheelers in India due to varieties of scooter models. Recently Hero Honda is producing a scooter model PLEASURE, TVS Motors is producing SCOOTY, HMSI is manufacturing various scooters like ACTIVA, ETERNO etc. But YAMAHA has limited itself to bike manufacturing only. During the year, there have been important developments in two-wheeler industry. The competition has strengthened though there are hardly any new entrants into the industry.
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There is an increasing emphasis on price and this has led to cost cutting efforts all across the industry, thereby, making the customer an ultimate beneficiary. The trend also saw introduction of new motorcycles with capacity ranging from 100 to 180cc bikes. We anticipate that many more new models will be launched during the year and provide customers plenty of choice at competitive prices The motorcycle segment was initially dominated by Enfield 350cc bikes and Escorts 175cc bike. The two-wheeler market was opened to foreign competition in the mid-80s. And the then market leaders - Escorts and Enfield - were caught unaware by the onslaught of the 100cc bikes of the four Indo-Japanese joint ventures. With the availability of fuel efficient low power bikes, demand swelled, resulting in Hero Honda - then the only producer of four stroke bikes (100cc category), gaining a top slot.

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CHAPTER - III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The basic objective of studying the ratio of the company to know the financial position of the company.

Another reason is to study that the company is going in profit or loss. To know the borrowings of the company as well as the liquidity position of the company. To study the current assets and current liabilities so as to know whether the shareholders could invest in IYMPL or not. To study the solvency of the business and the capacity to give interest to the long-term loan lenders (debenture holders) and dividend to the shareholders.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It may be understand as science of studying how research is done systematically. In it we study the various step that are generally adopted by a researcher in studying his problem along with logic behind him. Methodology may be a description of process, or may be expanded to include a philosophically coherent collection of theories, concepts or ideas as they relate to a particular discipline or field of inquiry.

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TYPES OF RESEARCH 1. Descriptive research 2. Analytical research 3. Qualitative research 4. Quantitative research

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DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH:To conduct the research work accurately, we conducted the descriptive research. It includes surveys & fact-finding inequity of different kinds. ANALYTICAL RESEARCH: _ In it we have to use the fact & information already available & analysis of these to make an evaluation of project. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH:In selecting the appropriate research design of the study & the type of data needed, the choice of data collection techniques is four grouped. It is done for:1. 2. 3. 4. Consumer needs. Consumers preferences for brand. In depth understanding of consumers. Availability for consumer.

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH:Quantitative research is obtained to rate the different aspects on parameter i.e. image of brand, brand equity, expectation of customers, awareness among customer for scheme, switch ability of customers etc.

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STEPS IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: COLLECTION OR DATA ORGANISATION F DATA PRESENTATION OF DATA ANALYSIS OF DATA INTERPRETATION OF DATA

SAMPLING DESIGN
Sampling is necessary because it is almost impossible to examine the entire parent population (i.e. the entire universe) various factors such as time available , cost, purpose of study etc. make it necessary for the researchers to choose a sample. It should neither be too small nor too big. It should be manageable. The sample size of post one year is taken for present study due to time limitation.

DATA COLLECTION METHOD

After the sample has been taken the type of information to be sought was decided upon, the next step is to collect the data. As the data collected is to be the base of what we plan to find out, the relevant care should be taken that the errors in methods of collection of data involved are minimized. The factors of availability of time, cost and human involvement come to affect the reliability of the data collected. Primary Data Are generated in a study specifically designed to accommodate the data needs of the problem at hand. In the present study we made use of secondary data collected from their websites and from their records. Secondary Data Means the statistics not gathered for the immediate study at hand but for some other data. It is the data collected by someone for purposes other than solving the problem being investigated.
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SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study is vital to me in a significant way. It does have some importance for the company too. These are as follows This project will be a learning device for the finance student.

Through this project I would study the various methods of the ratios analysis.

This project helps to know the borrowings of the company as well as the liquidity position of the company.

LIMITATION OF STUDY
However I have tried my best in collecting the relevant informations yet there are always present some limitations under which researcher has to work. Here following are some limitations under which I had to work as shown below: SAMPLE SIZE The sample size analyzed was limited over one year, which may not be fully representative of the universe. A large sample size could not be taken due to time & cost constraints. TIME CONSTRAINTS We had a limited time for conducting this analysis report, which was of two months only. So some shortfalls may be present. MONEY The money available with the researcher also imposed a limitation on the comprehensive of this research. LACK OF EXPERIENCE The lack of experience may have caused some errors in administration of the research. NON-COVEREGE OF CETAIN ASPECT
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Due to confidential nature of some documents the same were not available for study.

CHAPTER -4 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

LIQUIDITY RATIO
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1. CURRENT RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Current Ratio

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Current Assets 58,574,151 69,765,346 72,021,081 91,328,208 115,642,068 Current Liabilities 7,903,952 31,884,616 16,065,621 47,117,199 30,266,661 Ratio 7.41 2.19 4.48 1.94 3.82

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

CURRENT RATIO 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 Ratio 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 2003 2004 2005 Years 2006 2007 2.19 4.48 1.94 3.82 Ratio 7.41

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Interpretation As a rule, the current ratio with 2:1 (or) more is considered as satisfactory position of the firm. When compared with 2009, there is an increase in the provision for tax, because the debtors are raised and for that the provision is created. The current liabilities majorly included Lanco Group of company for consultancy additional services. The sundry debtors have increased due to the increase to corporate taxes. In the year 2009, the cash and bank balance is reduced because that is used for payment of dividends. In the year 2010, the loans and advances include majorly the advances to employees and deposits to government. The loans and advances reduced because the employees set off their claims. The other current assets include the interest attained from the deposits. The deposits reduced due to the declaration of dividends. So the other current assets decreased. The huge increase in sundry debtors resulted an increase in the ratio, which is above the benchmark level of 2:1 which shows the comfortable position of the firm.

49

2. QUICK RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Quick Ratio

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Quick Assets 58,574,151 52,470,336 69,883,268 89,433,596 115,431,868 Current Liabilities 7,903,952 31,884,616 16,065,620 47,117,199 30,266,661 Ratio 7.41 1.65 4.35 1.9 3.81

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

QUICK RATIO
8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 Ratio 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 2003 2004 2005 Years 2006 2007 1.65 1.90 Ratios 4.35 3.81 7.41

Interpretation
50

Quick assets are those assets which can be converted into cash with in a short period of time, say to six months. So, here the sundry debtors which are with the long period does not include in the quick assets. Compare with 2009, the Quick ratio is increased because the sundry debtors are increased due to the increase in the corporate tax and for that the provision created is also increased. So, the ratio is also increased with the 2009.

3. ABOSULTE LIQUIDITY RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Absolute Cash Ratio

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Absolute Liquid Assets 31,004,027 10,859,778 39,466,542 53,850,852 35,649,070 Current Liabilities 7,903,952 31,884,616 16,065,620 47,117,199 30,266,661 Ratio 3.92 0.34 2.46 1.14 1.18

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
51

ABSOLUTE CASH RATIO

4 3.5 3 2.5 Ratios 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Years 0.34 1.14 1.18 Ratios 2.46 3.92

Interpretation The current assets which are ready in the form of cash are considered as absolute liquid assets. Here, the cash and bank balance and the interest on fixed assts are absolute liquid assets. In the year 2009, the cash and bank balance is decreased due to decrease in the deposits and the current liabilities are also reduced because of the payment of dividend. That causes a slight increase in the current years ratio.

52

LEVERAGE RATIOS
4. PROPRIETORY RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Proprietory Ratio
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Share Holders Funds 67,679,219 53,301,834 70,231,061 56,473,652 97,060,013 Total Assets 78,572,171 88,438,107 89,158,391 106,385,201 129,805,102 Ratio 0.86 0.6 0.79 0.53 0.75

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

PROPRIETORY RATIO
0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.60 0.86 0.79 0.53 0.75

Ratios

Ratios

2003

2004

2005 Years

2006

2007

53

Interpretation The proprietary ratio establishes the relationship between shareholders funds to total assets. It determines the long-term solvency of the firm. This ratio indicates the extent to which the assets of the company can be lost without affecting the interest of the company. There is no increase in the capital from the year2007. The share holders funds include capital and reserves and surplus. The reserves and surplus is increased due to the increase in balance in profit and loss account, which is caused by the increase of income from services. Total assets, includes fixed and current assets. The fixed assets are reduced because of the depreciation and there are no major increments in the fixed assets. The current assets are increased compared with the year 2009. Total assets are also increased than previous year, which resulted an increase in the ratio than older.

ACTIVITY RATIOS 5. WORKING CAPITAL TURNOVER RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Working Capital Turnover Ratio
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Income From Services 36,309,834 53,899,084 72,728,759 55,550,649 96,654,902 Working Capital 50,670,199 37,880,730 55,355,460 44,211,009 85,375,407 Ratio 0.72 1.42 1.31 1.26 1.13

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
54

WORKING CAPITAL TURNOVER RATIO

1.60 1.40 1.20 1.00 Ratio 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 2003 0.72

1.42

1.31

1.26

1.13

Ratio

2004

2005 Years

2006

2007

Interpretation Income from services is greatly increased due to the extra invoice for Operations & Maintenance fee and the working capital is also increased greater due to the increase in from services because the huge increase in current assets. The income from services is raised and the current assets are also raised together resulted in the decrease of the ratio of 2010 as compared with 2009.

55

6. FIXED ASSETS TURNOVER RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Fixed Assets Turnover Ratio
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Income From Services 36,309,834 53,899,084 72,728,759 55,550,649 96,654,902 Net Fixed Assets 28,834,317 29,568,279 17,137,310 15,056,993 14,163,034 Ratio 1.26 1.82 4.24 3.69 6.82

GRAPHICAL REPRSENTATION

FIXED ASSETS TURNOVER RATIO

6.82 7.00 6.00 5.00 Ratios 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 2003 2004 2005 Years 2006 2007 1.26 1.82 Ratios 4.24 3.69

56

Interpretation Fixed assets are used in the business for producing the goods to be sold. This ratio shows the firms ability in generating sales from all financial resources committed to total assets. The ratio indicates the account of one rupee investment in fixed assets. The income from services is greaterly increased in the current year due to the increase in the Operations & Maintenance fee due to the increase in extra invoice and the net fixed assets are reduced because of the increased charge of depreciation. Finally, that effected a huge increase in the ratio compared with the previous years ratio.

7. CAPITAL TURNOVER RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Capital Turnover Ratio

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Income From Services 36,309,834 53,899,084 72,728,759 55,550,649 96,654,902 Capital Employed 37,175,892 53,301,834 70,231,061 56,473,652 97,060,013 Ratio 0.98 1.01 1.04 0.98 1.00

57

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

CAPITAL TURNOVER RATIO

1.04 1.03 1.02 1.01 1.00 Ratios 0.99 0.98 0.97 0.96 0.95 0.94 1.04 1.01 1.00 0.98 0.98 Ratios

2003

2004

2005 Years

2006

2007

Interpretation This is another ratio to judge the efficiency and effectiveness of the company like profitability ratio. The income from services is greaterly increased compared with the previous year and the total capital employed includes capital and reserves & surplus. Due to huge increase in the net profit the capital employed is also increased along with income from services. Both are effected in the increment of the ratio of current year.

58

8. CURRENT ASSETS TO FIXED ASSETS RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Current Assets To Fixed Assets Ratio
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Current Assets 58,524,151 69,765,346 72,021,081 91,328,208 115,642,068 Fixed Assets 19,998,020 18,672,761 17,137,310 15,056,993 14,163,034 Ratio 2.93 3.74 4.20 6.07 8.17

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

CURRENT ASSETS TO FIXED ASSETS RATIO

9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 Ratios 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 2003 2004 2005 Years 2006 2.93 3.74 4.20 6.07

8.17

Ratios

2007

59

Interpretation Current assets are increased due to the increase in the sundry debtors and the net fixed assets of the firm are decreased due to the charge of depreciation and there is no major increment in the fixed assets. The increment in current assets and the decrease in fixed assets resulted an increase in the ratio compared with the previous year

PROFITABILITY RATIOS
GENERAL PROFITABILITY RATIOS 9. NET PROFIT RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Net Profit Ratio
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Net Profit After Tax 21,123,474 16,125,942 16,929,227 18,259,580 40,586,359 Income from Services 36,039,834 53,899,084 72,728,759 55,550,649 96,654,902 Ratio 0.59 0.30 0.23 0.33 0.42

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
60

NET PROFIT RATIO

0.59 0.60 0.50 0.40 Ratios 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 2003 2004 2005 Years 2006 2007 0.30 0.23 Ratios 0.33 0.42

Interpretation The net profit ratio is the overall measure of the firms ability to turn each rupee of income from services in net profit. If the net margin is inadequate the firm will fail to achieve return on shareholders funds. High net profit ratio will help the firm service in the fall of income from services, rise in cost of production or declining demand. The net profit is increased because the income from services is increased. The increment resulted a slight increase in 2010 ratio compared with the year 2009.

61

10. OPERATING PROFIT (Amount in Rs.) Operating Profit

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Operating Profit 36,094,877 27,576,814 29,540,599 31,586,718 67,192,677 Income From Services 36,309,834 53,899,084 72,728,759 55,550,649 96,654,902 Ratio 0.99 0.51 0.41 0.57 0.70

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

OPERATING PROFIT RATIO

0.99 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 Ratios 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00

0.70 0.51 0.41 Ratios 0.57

2003

2004

2005 Years

2006

2007

62

Interpretation The operating profit ratio is used to measure the relationship between net profits and sales of a firm. Depending on the concept, it will decide. The operating profit ratio is increased compared with the last year. The earnings are increased due to the increase in the income from services because of Operations & Maintenance fee. So, the ratio is increased slightly compared with the previous year.

11. RETURN ON TOTAL ASSETS RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Return on Total Assets Ratio
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Net Profit After Tax 21,123,474 16,125,942 16,929,227 18,259,580 40,586,359 Total Assets 78,572,171 88,438,107 89,158,391 106,385,201 129,805,102 Ratio 0.27 0.18 0.19 0.17 0.31

63

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

RETURN ON TOTAL ASSETS

0.35 0.30 0.25 Ratios 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 2003 2004 2005 Years 2006 2007 0.18 0.27 0.19 0.31

0.17 Ratios

Interpretation This is the ratio between net profit and total assets. The ratio indicates the return on total assets in the form of profits. The net profit is increased in the current year because of the increment in the income from services due to the increase in Operations & Maintenance fee. The fixed assets are reduced due to the charge of depreciation and no major increments in fixed assets but the current assets are increased because of sundry debtors and that effects an increase in the ratio compared with the last year i.e. 2009.

64

12. RESERVES & SURPLUS TO CAPITAL RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Reserves & Surplus To Capital Ratio
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Reserves & Surplus 65,599,299 34,582,554 51,511,781 37,754,372 78,340,733 Capital 2,079,920 18,719,280 18,719,280 18,719,280 18,719,280 Ratio 31.54 1.85 2.75 2.02 4.19

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

RESERVES & SRUPLUS TO CAPITAL RATIO

35.00 30.00 25.00 Ratios 20.00 15.00 10.00 5.00 -

31.54

Ratios 1.85 2003 2004 2.75 2.02 2006 4.19

2005 Years

2007

65

Interpretation The ratio is used to reveal the policy pursued by the company a very high ratio indicates a conservative dividend policy and vice-versa. Higher the ratio better will be the position. The reserves & surplus is decreased in the year 2009, due to the payment of dividends and in the year 2010 the profit is increased. But the capital is remaining constant from the year 2007. So the increase in the reserves & surplus caused a greater increase in the current years ratio compared with the older.

OVERALL PROFITABILITY RATIOS

13. EARNINGS PER SHARE (Amount in Rs.) Earnings Per Share

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Net Profit After Tax 21,123,474 16,125,942 16,929,227 18,259,580 40,586,359 No of Equity Shares 207,992 1,871,928 1,871,928 1,871,928 1,871,928 Ratio 101.56 8.61 9.04 9.75 21.68

66

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

EARNINGS PER SHARE

120.00 100.00 80.00 Ratios 60.00 40.00 20.00 0.00 2003 2004 8.61 21.68 9.04 9.75 Ratios

101.56

2005 Years

2006

2007

Interpretation Earnings per share ratio are used to find out the return that the shareholders earn from their shares. After charging depreciation and after payment of tax, the remaining amount will be distributed by all the shareholders. Net profit after tax is increased due to the huge increase in the income from services. That is the amount which is available to the shareholders to take. There are 1,871,928 shares of Rs.10/- each. The share capital is constant from the year 2007. Due to the huge increase in net profit the earnings per share is greaterly increased in 2010.

67

14. PRICE EARNINGS (P/E) RATIO (Amount in Rs.) Price Earning (P/E) Ratio
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Market Price Per Share 32.54 28.47 37.52 30.17 51.85 Earnings Per Share 101.56 8.61 9.04 9.75 21.68 Ratio 0.32 3.30 4.15 3.09 2.39

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

P/E RATIO
4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 Ratios 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 0.32 Ratios 3.30 4.15 3.09 2.39

2003

2004

2005 Years

2006

2007

Interpretation
68

The ratio is calculated to make an estimate of application in the value of share of a company. THE MARKET PRICE PER SHARE IS INCREASED DUE TO THE INCREASE IN THE RESERVES & SURPLUS. THE EARNINGS PER SHARE ARE ALSO INCREASED GREATERLY COMPARED WITH THE LAST YEAR BECAUSE OF INCREASE IN THE NET PROFIT. SO, THE RATIO IS DECREASED COMPARED WITH THE PREVIOUS YEAR.

15. RETURN ON INVESTMENT (Amount in Rs.) Return on Investment

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Net Profit After Tax 21,123,474 16,125,942 16,929,227 18,259,580 40,586,359 Share Holders Fund 67,679,219 53,301,834 70,231,061 56,473,652 97,060,013 Ratio 0.31 0.3 0.24 0.32 0.42

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
69

RETURN ON INVESTMENT RATIO

0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 Ratios 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 2003 2004 2005 Years 2006 2007 RatioS 0.31 0.30 0.24 0.32 0.42

Interpretation This is the ratio between net profits and shareholders funds. The ratio is generally calculated as percentage multiplying with 100. The net profit is increased due to the increase in the income from services ant the shareholders funds are increased because of reserve & surplus. So, the ratio is increased in the current year.

70

CHAPTER -5 FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS & SUGGESTIONS

71

FINDINGS OF THE STUDY

1.

The current ratio has shown

in a fluctuating trend as 7.41, 2.19, 4.48, 1.98, and 3.82 during 2006 of which indicates a continuous increase in both current assets and current liabilities.
2.

The quick ratio is also in a

fluctuating trend through out the period 2006 10 resulting as 7.41, 1.65, 4.35, 1.9, and 3.81. The companys present liquidity position is satisfactory.
3.

The absolute liquid ratio has

been decreased from 3.92 to 1.18, from 2006 10. 4. The proprietory ratio has

shown a fluctuating trend. The proprietory ratio is increased compared with the last year. So, the long term solvency of the firm is increased.
5.

The

working

capital

increased from 0.72 to 1.13 in the year 2006 10.

6.

The fixed assets turnover

ratio is in increasing trend from the year 2006 10 (1.26, 1.82, 4.24, 3.69, and 6.82). It indicates that the company is efficiently utilizing the fixed assets.
7.

The capital turnover ratio is

increased form 2006 08 (0.98, 1.01, and 1.04) and decreased in 2009 to 0.98. It increased in the current year as 1.00.
8.

The current assets to fixed

assets ratio is increasing gradually from 2006 10 as 2.93, 3.74,

72

4.20, 6.07 and 8.17. It shows that the current assets are increased than fixed assets. 9. the previous year form 0.33 to 0.42. 10. increased from 0.17 to 0.31. 11. The Reserves and Surplus to The net profit is increased The net profit ratio is in

fluctuation manner. It increased in the current year compared with

greaterly in the current year. So the return on total assets ratio is

Capital ratio is increased to 4.19 from 2.02. The capital is constant, but the reserves and surplus is increased in the current year.
12.

The earnings per share was

very high in the year 2006 i.e., 101.56. That is decreased in the following years because number of equity shares are increased and the net profit is decreased. In the current year the net profit is increased due to the increase in operating and maintenance fee. So the earnings per share is increased.
13.

The operating profit ratio is

in fluctuating manner as 0.99, 0.51, 0.41, 0.57 and 0.69 from 2006 10 respectively. 14. Price Earnings ratio is

reduced when compared with the last year. It is reduced from 3.09 to 2.39, because the earnings per share is increased. 15. The return on investment is

increased from 0.32 to 0.42 compared with the previous year. Both the profit and shareholders funds increase cause an increase in the ratio.
73

SUMMARY

1) After the analysis of Financial Statements, the company status is better, because the Net working capital of the company is doubled from the last years position. 2) The company profits are huge in the current year; it is better to declare the dividend to shareholders. 3) The company is utilising the fixed assets, which majorly help to the growth of the organisation. The company should maintain that perfectly. 4) The company fixed deposits are raised from the inception, it gives the other income i.e., Interest on fixed deposits.

74

SUGGESTIONS

Standard are so high than actual. So standard must be change. Revamping is done as soon as possible by doing this cost of production will be produce.

Need to make proper planning of freights because their contribution in cost is very high. Need to make proper production planning during maintenance . In order to increase awareness among customers IYMPL should reformulate their advertising strategies by focusing more on broadcast media like television and print media like newspapers.

75

CONCLUSION

The companys overall position is at a good position. Particularly the current years position is well due to raise in the profit level from the last year position. It is better for the organization to diversify the funds to different sectors in the present market scenario.

76

BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS: Accounting Manual of IYMPL Annual Report (2006-07,2007-08,2008-09)

Kothari C.R., Research Methodology Methods and Techniques (Second edition) New Age International Publishers Jain T.R. and Aggarwal,Dr. S.C. Statistics For MBA VK publications Gupta SP and Gupta MP Business statistics Twelth Edition, Sultan Chand Publications

Gupta Shashi K., Management Accounting, Kalyani Publications

Goel DK, Analysis of Financial edition, Avichal Publishers

77

statement,10th

Pandey IM Financial Management 3rd Edition, Vikas Publications

WEBSITES

WWW.INDIAYAMAHAMOTORS.COM

WWW.GOOGLE.COM

WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM

APPENDIX
78

Balance sheet as on 31st March 2010

(Amount in Rs.)
Particulars SOURCES OF FUNDS : 1) SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS (a) Capital (b) Reserves and Surplus 2) DEFFERED TAX LIABILITY TOTAL APPLICATION OF FUNDS : 1) FIXED ASSETS (a) Gross Block (b) Less: Depreciation (c) Net Block 2) CURRENT ASSETS, LOANS AND ADVANCES (a) Sundry Debtors (b) Cash and Bank Balances (c) Other Current Assets (d) Loans and Advances LESS : CURRENT LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS (a) Liabilities (b) Provisions NET CURRENT ASSETS TOTAL 79 2009- 10 18,719,280 78,340,733 97,060,013 2,478,428 99,538,441 31,057,596 16,894,562 14,163,034 80,712,804 34,043,520 152,228 733,516 115,642,068 21,596,916 8,669,745 30,266,661 85,375,407 99,538,441 2008 - 09 18,719,280 37,754,372 56,473,652 2,794,350 59,268,002 29,767,979 14,710,986 15,056,993 37,856,420 51,690,326 857,753 923,709 91,328,208 38,591,265 8,525,934 47,117,199 44,211,009 59,268,002

Profit and Loss Account for the period ended on 31st March 2010 (Amount in Rs.)
Particulars I.INCOME Income from Services Other Income II.EXPENDITURE Administrative and Other Expenses Less: Expenditure Reimbursable under Operations and Maintenance Agreement 2009- 10 96,654,902 2,398,220 TOTAL 99,053,122 81,334,750 81,334,750 49,474,305 TOTAL 31,860,445 67,192,677 2,183,576 65,009,101 24,292,000 (315,922) 446,663 40,586,359 26,699,257 67,285,617 2008 09 55,550,649 2,285,896 57,836,545 75,599,719 75,599,719 49,349,892 26,249,827 31,586,718 2,279,917 29,306,801 10,680,440 (67,359) 434,140 18,259,580 44,951,851 63,211,431 4,495,185 28,078,920 3,938,069

III. PROFIT BEFORE DEPRECIATION AND TAXATION Provision for Depreciation IV. PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION Provision for Taxation - Current - Deferred - Fringe Benefits V. PROFIT AFTER TAXATION Surplus brought forward from Previous Year VI. PROFIT AVAIALABLE FOR APPROPRIATIONS Transfer to General Reserve Interim Dividend Rs.15 per equity Share (2005- NIL) Provision for Dividend Distribution Tax 80

VII. BALANCE CARRIED TO BALANCE SHEET Earnings Per Share - Basic & Diluted

67,285,617 22

26,699,257 10

81