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BENGALURU CITY UNIVERSITY

SYLLABUS FoT B.Sc. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

(I to VI Semester)

CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM

2020-2021
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BENGALURU CENTRAL UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

Regulations, scheme of study and examination for B.Sc. Environmental Science

Semester scheme .'

lObjectives

o Awareness of public health hazards posed by our environment, including physical features
such as global warming, chemical features such as automobile emissions, contaminants in
drinking water, and biological features such as putrefying organic matter.
e lmpact of governmental policies and urbanization on degradation of the environment
o Education, public- private partnership, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and change in
management as way forward towards improving the Public Health thresholds.
o Educating the students on environmental policies with respect to water, air, forest and
wildlife of the country.

ll Eligibility for Admission

The eligibility condition for admission to B.sc environmental science shall be 10+2 or equivalent, in
science stream with biology as one of the subject with a minimum of 35%.

lll Duration of the Course

Duration of the undergraduate programmes shall extend over six semesters (three academic years).

lV Medium of lnstruction

The medium of instruction and shall be in English

V Class room Attendance

A student shall be considered to have satisfied the requirement of attendance for the semester, if
He or She has attended not less than75% in aggregate of the number of working periods in each of
the semesters.

Vl Teaching and Evaluation

M.SC elrvilurrtren[al science graduates those who have completed from recognized university
regular candidates preferably with NET/KSET/ Ph.D are eligible to teach and take up the evaluation
work.

Vll Record Maintenance and Submission

o Everv college is required to establish a dedicated environmental science lab for the purpose
of conducting practical
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. ln everysemester, the student should maintain a practicalrecord book. This record book has
to be submitted to the faculty for evaluation before the end of each semester.

Vlll Scheme of Examination

. There shall be a University examination at the end of each semester. The maximum marks
for the University examination in each paper shall be70/100
. Out of the 30 marks of internal assessment, 15 marks for assignment(including field visit
report ) L0 marks as for internal assessment based on test..05 marks based on attendance
r The field visit to be conducted every semester for practical exposure and marks for the same
to be awarded based in the report

lX Minimum for a Pass

Candidates who have obtained a minimum of 35% marks in the University examination (i.e 25 marks
out of 70 marks of theory examination) and 40 %o in aggregate (i.e total of University examlnation
and internal assessment marks in each subject shall be eligible for a pass or exemption in that
su bject.

X Carry over: A candidate who fails in a lower semester examination may go to the higher semester

Xl Classification of Successful Candidates: CLASSES & GRADES Each semester result shall be declared
in terms of Classes on the basis of Percentage of Aggregate Marks scored and in terms of grading
system based on the marks scored. The results of successful candidates at the end of lV, Vl and X
semesters shall be classified on the basis of aggregate percentage of marks obtained in allthe three,
six semester the Aggregate or Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) for award of i) Advance
Diploma in Arts, Science and Commerce ii) Bachelors Degree in Arts, Science and Commerce iii)
lntegrated Masters Degree in Arts, Science and Commerce An eight point letter / alpha - sign grade
as described below shall be adopted.

Table l: Conversion of Percentage of Marks into Grade Points in a Paper

YoMarks in a Grade Point (GP)

paper/practical

96-100 10
91-95 9.5
86-90 9.0
81-85 8.5
76-80 Q.,o-
7t-75 7.5
66-70 7.O
51-65 6.5
55-60 5.0
51-55 5.5
46-50 5.0
4!-45 4.5
40 4.O
Below 40 0

1,. The Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA) shall be computed by dlviding the sum of the Credit
Points (CP) of all the subjects of study by the maximum credits for the semester. The CP are in
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; turn calculated as the product of the grade points earned in the paper and the credits assigned
to that paper.
2. The details are given in Appendix B. Appendix B gives a summary of marks and credits assigned
to different subjects of study in Bachelor Degree programmes in all the semesters. ln these
tables, 100(2), indicates the maximum total mark in a subject of study is 100, while the credit
assigned is 2. These tables are followed with illustrations of computing semester grade point
averages (SGPA) and aggregate or cumulative grade point averages (CGpA).
3. The Aggregate or Cumulative SGPA (CCPA) at the end of the fourth, sixth and ten semesters shall
be calculated as the weighted average of the semester grade point averages. The CGPA is
obtained by dividing the total of semester credit weightages by the maximum credits for the
programme.
4. A candidate shall be declared to have passed the UG program if he/she secures at least an
aggregate SGPA/CGPA of 4.0 (or Course Alpha-Sign Grade p

Table ll: Final Result / Grades Description

Semester /Program% Semester GPA / Alpha-Sign / Letter Result / Class

of Marks Program CGPA Grade Description
90.0-100 9.00-10.00 O (Outstanding) Outstandine
80.0-<90.0 8.00-<9.0 A+ (Excellent) First Class ExemplarV
70.0-<80.0 7.00-<8.00 A (Verv Good) First Class Distinction
60.0-<70.0 6.00-<7.00 B+ (Good) First Class
55.0-<60.0 5.50-<6.00 B(Above Average) Average)
High Second Class
50.0-<55.0 5.00-<5.50 C (Average) Second Class
40.0-<50.0 4.00-<5.00 P (Pass) Pass Class
Below 40 Below 4.00 F (Fail) Fail/Rea ppear
Absent 0 Absent

The candidates who pass all the semester examinations in the first attempts in three / Five
Academic Years or Six / Ten Semesters are eligible for ranks provided they secure above 60%
marks or at least an Alpha-Sign Grade B+.
The results of the candidates who have passed the Vl/X semester examination but not
passed the lower semester examinations shall be declared as NCL (Not Completed Lower
semester examinations). Such candidates shall be eligible for the degree only after
completion of all the lower semester examinations.
A candidate who passes the semester examinations in parts is eligible for only class and not
for ranking.
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BENGALURU CENTRAL UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCB
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM (SEMESTER SCHEME)
* SYLLABUS oF B.Sc. ENVIRoNMENTAL SCIBNCE
Structure of the Course
Subject Title of the Teaching Examination Intemal Exam Total Credits
code paper hours duration assessment marks
/week Hrs Marks
I.......'.._
semester
ENV lOI Divisions of the 4 J 30 70 100 2
environment
ENV I02 Practical J 3 15 35 s0 1
II semestr )r
ENV 2OI I Environmental
4 3 30 70 100 2
I siotogy
ENV 202 Practical 3 J l5 35 50 I
III semest;er
ENV 301 Environmental
chemistry and 4 J 30 70 100 2
Earth science
ENV 302 Practical J 3 15 35 50 I
IV semester
ENV 401 Natural
Resources and 4 j 30 70 r00 2
Management
FlrV +OZ l Practicat I g
V semester
ENV 5OI Environmental
pollution 4 3 30 70 100 2
EI\n/ 502 Natural disaster
and
4 J 30 70 100 2
environmental
issues
ENV 503 Practical J J 15 35 50 I
ENV5O4 Practical with
field visit
3 3 l5 35 50 I
VI semester
ENV 60I GIS & Remote
sensing, 4 3 30 70 100 2
Statistics
ENV 602 Environmental
management
4 30 70 r00
and sustainable 2
development
ENV 603 Practical J J l5 35 50 1

ENV 604 Dissertation 3

a
J l5 35 50 I
 SEMESTER - I
EI{V tr01-Divfuion of Environment
2 CreditsAMeek= 4hrs/Weetq
S2hrs/sem";- 70 Marla
Utrit I

ance Enviror.lnlliT.,rn.
'Factors - Biotic and Abiotic factors- types, Divisions
of the environment and their
interactions - atrnosphrr", rryo,orprr..", rithosphere and biosphere.
Urut2:
Atmosphere -
chemical composition and thermar
structure; heat budg##TLn,,
albedo' weather and climate,weather
Erements - "*o.rn"ric
pressure, temperature,
wind; Major
:;ffi *r1?;fficipitation, "ri*iii"'zones of the worrd, Agro-
Unit 3:
Hydrospere- Definition, Importance
and characteristics. Lenric and
Ice-caps, oceans, rivers, lakes, pond Lotic $}]X -
of surface and Ground water; water
and ground **r., rryororo;;;. ffian usage
as a resouce and its availability,
and springs. Cnound water potential. '-
' types ofaquifers
Water B;G.-^*
Uni4:
Lithosphere - Definition, sru*ure
kinds ofminerals and rocks -
and scope internal structure
.*thllffiH
"f formation
- Igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary
types; Major landforms, soil - and
-
formation, soii profile and crassification. physical,
and biologicar properries of
-tlrrd,mineralogicar
Unit5:
soil. Soil Biota.

Biosphere -
Definition and extent, Biomes
-
types, characteristics, aiv*il"Xa
density -Tundra, Taiga, Temperature and
Deciduous forest, Grassland,
Tropical rain forest; A brief inhoduction Desert,
to biogeography; India,s biogeography.

ET{V 102 PRACTICALS

I Credits/Week = 3hrsAileek_35 Marks
1. Measurement of Max. and min. temperature,
humidity and pressure, wind
speed and direction
2. Sampling technique of water
3. Determination Of EC-conductivity method
4. Estimation of hubidity _nephelometric method
5. TS,TSS, and TDS-gravimet ic and filteration method
6, Estimation of hardness
7. Estimation of chlorides
r $' Measurement methods ofprecipitation and
solar radiation.
9. A study of physiographic of aquatic systems.
10. A study oftopography
of terrestrial system using maps
and topo_sheets.
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References
1. Fundamentals of Environmental Science: G.S. Dhaliwal, G.S. Sangha
and P.K. Raina, Kalyani Publication
2. Environmental Science (6TH ED) (1997): Jr. G.T. Miller, Wadsworth
Pub. Co. Environmental Science (8th Edition) (2010) : Daniel D.
Chiras, Jones &Barlett Ltd.
3. Barry, G.R. and Chorley, J.R. 2003. Atmosphere, Weather and Climate.
Routledge, London.
4. Critchfield,H.J.1995. General Climatology. Printice Hall of India.
5. Daji, J.A. 1988. Textbook of Soil Science. Media Promoters and
Publishers.
6. Goldman, C.R. and Horne, A.J. 1983. Limnology. Mc Graw Hill.
7. Lutgens, F.K. and Tarbuck, E.J. 1982. Atmosphere - Introduction to
Meteorology. Prentice Hall Inc.
8. Menon, P.A. 1989. Our Weather. National Book Trust.
9. Miller, Jr. G.T. 1994.Living in the Environment: Principles,
Connections and Solutions. Wadsworth Publishing Co.
10. Nair, B.N. and Thampy, D.M. 1980. Marine Ecology. Macmillan Co. of
India.
11. Rai, M.M. 1981. Principles of Soil Science. Macmillan Co. of India.
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 Semester II
ENV 201- Environmental Biology
2 CreditsAVeek = 4hrs/Week, S2hrs/semester 70 Marks
Unit
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1:
4Hours
Levels of organatisation ,Ecology,Divisions of ecology, approaches in studying
ecology, auto
ecology and synecology, structure and functio,Biogeochemical cycles-types-carbon,
nitrogen,
phosphorus and sulphur cycles-anthropogenic influences on these
cycles
unit2: 12 Hours
Ecosystems- Characteristics of ecosystems
- Structure of the ecosystems -Functions of
ecosystem- food chain-herbivorous and detritus food chains and food
web- bio-
magnification:Energy flow in an ecosystem, Study of pond and crop
land ecosystems
;homeostatic and feed back mechanisms.
Major Ecosystems: types, structure and composition salient features
Grassland ecosystem, wetland ecosystem and Agro-ecosystem.
- Forest ecosystem,

Unit 3:
n hours
Community Ecology; Characteristics of a Community; ecology succession
-primary and
secondary succession, Natural and man influenced succession, -Hydrarch
and Xerarch
Climax vegetation and their theories; Ecotone and Edge effect: Ecological equivalents;-
Ecotypes and Ecophene; Ecological indicators Migration emigration, population
- Ecology:
Natalify, Mortality, age distribution, growth curves. Human population and
its impact on
environment.

Unit4:
12 Hours
Evolution ;Definition- Darwin's postulates
-Natural selection-types-Industrial Melanism-
Pesticide resistance. Co-evolution; Mimicry
- Batesian and Mullerian mimicry, warning
coloration Effect of climate (light,Temperature, Wind and water), Edaphic
,Topographic and
Biotic factors on plants ; Effect of light ,Temperature water and soil on animals.

Unit:5
12 hours

Environmental microbiology and biotechnology-bioloeaching, bioremediation

of various
pollutants like DDT, heavy metals, surfactants, oil slicks from water
and soil, determination
of potability of water by MPN method, Biofertilizers and Biopesticides

ENV -202 Practicals 35 Marks

I CreditsAileek= 3hrs/ Week,
1. study of vegetation sampling methods - euadrat and transects
2. Estimation of frequency, density and abundance of species by
quadrat/plot method.
3. Estimation of productivity of water bodies by Gaarder-gran method.
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' 4. Estimation of productivity of crop plants by harvest method.

5. Determination of leaf area by graphical method.
6. Estimation of terrestrial productivity - Chlorophyll method.
7. Quantitative estimation of planktons and zooplanktons-sedgwick -
Rafter method.
8. Isolation of bacteria from water /wastewater using serial dilution
method
9. Estimation of coliform bacteria- MPN technique and MF technique
10. Identification of Ecological Indicators.

References
1. Fundamentals of Ecology: E.P. Odum
2. Aquatic Ecosystems: Kumar, A P H Pubh
3. -
Renewable Energy Environment and Development: M.Dayal; Konark
Pub. Pvt.Ltd
4. Sapru R.K. 1987. Environment Management in India. Vol.I& II. Ashish
Pub. House.
5. Agarwal & Rana S.V.S 1985. Environment & Natural resources, society
of Biosciences.
6. Sharma V.K. 1985. Water resources planning and management,
Himalaya Pub. House.
7. Raymond F. Dasmann 1984. Environmental Conservation. 5ft Ed., John
Wiley & sons.
8. Mathur H.S. 1981 Environmental resources. The crisis of development,
RBSA Publishers
9. Agarwal, V.G.1985. Forests in India. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
10. Singh,B. 1992. Social forestry for rural development Anmol publication,
New Delhi.
11. Wenger, K.E. 1984. Forestry Handbook. Jhon Wiley and sons. New
York.
12. Nalini, K.S. 1993. Environmental resources and management. Anmol
publishers.
13. Aradhana, P.S. 1991. Environmental management. Rajat publishers.
14. Boyle 1994. Renewable energy resources.
15. Singh, G. 1996. Manual of soil and water conservation practices.
16. Raymond F. Dasmann 1984. Environmental conservatiofl, 5th eds. John
wiley& Sons.
17. Shrikander.P and Varade S.R. 1991. Ecology of water and land
management vol I & ll, Chugh publishers.
JJ+JJ
 SEMESTER III
ENV 301- Environmentar chemistry and Earth science
2 credits/week:4hrs/week, S2hrs/semester 70 Marks
-
Unit:l g hours
Atmospheric Chemistry: Chemical composition of air, Classification
of elements, chemical
speciation' Particles, ions and radicals in the atmosphere. Chemical processes
for formation
of inorganic and organic particulate matter. Thermo-chemical and photochemical
reactions in
the atmosphere. CFC's and Ozone chemistry, chemistry of air pollutants,
photochemical
smog

Unit:2
12 hours
Water chemistry: properties of water, water pollutants- types sources
heavy metals
metalloids-organic, biological and radioactive- types of reactions
in various water bodies
including marine environment, cationic, Anionic and non-ionic detergents,
modified
detergents.
Chemistry of some Heavy Metals-Chemistry of Pb, Hg, Cd and As-physical
and chemical
properties,Behavior of these heavy metals and their Compounds
,Human.*porrr. absorption
and influence

Unit:3 10 hours
Soil Chemistry: Soil profile, distribution of inorganic and organic components
Chemical properties of Soil - Saline, Acidic and Alkaline soils.
in soil,
Major *i"ro and macro
nutrients of soil, Nutrient Pathways - Nitrogen, Phosphorus and potas"sium
pathways in the
soil.

Unit :4
l0 hours
Environmental Analysis- Solution concentration (Normality, Molarity,Molality,
ppm,
Equivalent weight etc.) Titrimetric methods, Instrumentation, iiinciple
ani worting of pH
meter and conductivity meter. Colorimetry, Spectrometry, UV-Vis
and IR Spectrophotometer
and AAS. Nephelometry, Flame Spectrometry and fluorimetry;
Chromatographic techniques:
Paper, Thin Layer, and Gas - Liquid chromatography, Aptc, x-ray-norescence, X_ray
!c
diffraction, Electrophoresis.

Unit :5
12 hours
Earth's Materials - Minerals and their definition. Distribution and abundance
of .f.*.rtr"i,
the major units of earth, Geochemical features, Formation and
classification of Rocks. Folds,
faults, dykes and geological formations and their environmental significance.
-other
Geographical classification and zones of Environment, Energy budget
of the earth. Earth,s
thermal environment and seasons. General relationship between lurdr"up"r,
biomes and
climate. Climate of India.
,l ENV 302 practical
lo

Credits/Week: 3hrs/ Week

1.Mineralogy - Identification of common rock forming minerals.
2. Petrology - Identification of major rock types - Igneous, Metamorphic and Sedimentary.
. 3. Determination of Alkalinity from water.
4. Estimation of Sulphates in water sample.
5. Estimation of nitrates in water sample.
6. Estimation of fluorides in water sample.
7. Estimation of particulate matter, sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen in ambient air.
8. Visit to research institutes and study of instruments like GC,HPLC, AAS,
9. Visit to meteorological and air monitoring stations

Reference Books:
l. Sharma B.K and Kaur H. (1995). Environmental Chemistry, I Ed., Goel Publishing House.
2. De A.K (1989). Environmental chemistry, II Ed., wiley Eastern Limited.
3.Sawyer C.N, Mc Carty P.L and Perking G.F. (1994). Chemistry for Environmental
Engineering,IIEd, Mc Graw- Hill.
4.Balley, R.A. (1978). Chemistry of the Environment, Academic press.
5. Tyagi O.D. and Mehra M. (1990). Text Book of Environmental Chemistry, I Ed., Anmol
Publications.
6. Charles R. Goldman and Alexander J. Horene. (1983). Limnology, Mc Graw- Hill.
Valdia K.S. (1987). Environmental Geology.
7 Menard H.W., W.H.Freeman and Company, San Francisco. (1969). The nature of Oceanic
life, The Ocean - A Scientific American Book.
8. Reed Wicander and James S. Monroe. Essentials of Geology, Wadsworth publishing
9. Roy L. Donahue, Raymond W. Miller and John C. Shickluna. (1987). Soils - An
Introduction to soils and plant growth V.Ed., Prentice-Hall of India.
10. Biswas T.D and Mukherjee S.K. (1987). Text book of Soil Science IV Ed., Mc Graw-
Hill.
11. Strahler and Strahler. (1970). Environmental Geology, Wiley & Sons, New york.
12.YaldiyaK.s. (1985). Environmental Geology Allied Publishers New york.
13. Carla W. Montgomery. (1989). Environmental Geology, Wm C Brown Publishers.
Dubuuguo Lowa.
New york.
14. Peter T. Flawn. (1970). Environmental Geology, Harper and Row,
15. Khurumi R.s. (1988). Engineering Geology, Dhanpet Rai & Sons, New Delhi.

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SEMESTER IV
ENV 401- Natural Resources and Managcment
2 Credits/Week: 4hrs/Week, S2hrs/semester - 70 Marks
Unit:1 12 Hours
Definition of Natural resources; Classification of natural resources basrd on utility
potential. Water resources in India- Water budget of India . Dams: Types- Impact on
environment - alternatives ; Floods: Causes and control Strategies ; Water conservation
Strategies in India -Watershed management ; Rain Water Harvesting; River linking
Unit:2 8 Hours
Land resources in India-Agriculture : Types and cropping patterns -Range Lands-
Management; Mining, Quarrying and their impacts ;Soil erpsion: causes-Types-Impacts-
'Control measures

Unit:3 10 Hours
Energy Resources and Conservation: Definition- Classification of energy resources;
Conventional: Fossil fules , Nuclear energy and their impacts. Non-conventional : Solar,
Wind, Tidal, Microhydel, Ocean Thermal energy, Geothermal.

Unit 4 10 Hours
Forest Resources: Importance of Foresty- Types of Forests-Impacts of Deforestation;
Minor forest Products; Forest based Industries; Forest Fires and their control; Forest
conservation : Social Forestry-Agroforestry -Sacred Groves-Joint forest Management;
Chipko and Appiko Movements; Ecotourism and its impacts. Salient features of the
Indian forest Act,1927

llnit:5 12 Hours
Biodiversity : Definition -Levels of Biodiversity; values of biodiversity; Biodiversity
Hotspots; Threats to Biodiversity, Strategies of Conservation and Management ;Bio-
piracy; Biodiversity Bill, 2000. Wild Life: Significance- Threats and Extinction -
Endangered Species-Endemic species- In-situ and Conservation -Protected areas-
National parks-Sanctuaries- Biosphere Reserves -Project Tiger and project Elephant;
Red data book; Role of Indian organizations, IUCN, WWF and Greenpeace in Wildlife
conservation. Salient features of the Wild life Protection Ac1-l9l2

ENV 402 practical35 Marks

I CreditsAileek= 3hrs/ Week
1. Identification of medicinal plants of Karnataka.
2. Identification of endangered flora and fauna of India.
3. Introduction of Mapping&Properties of Maps and Direction and Scale
4. Latitude & Longitude ,Grid References
5. Conventional signs and symbols
6. Representation of Relief.
7. Study of Drainage Pattern and settlement pattern.
8. Study of national parks/sanctuaries
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J 9. Study of selected exotic species of the Indian subcontinent a) naturalized,weeds
b) Exotic plantation species
. 10. Design of solar energy trapl Rain water harvesting.

Reference Books
7. Abbasi, S.A. and Abbasi, N. 2001. Renewable Energy Sources and their
Environmental Impact. Prentice-Hall of Indiapvt. Ltd.
2. Agarwal4 V>P 1985. Forests in India -Environmental and production Frontires.
Oxford and IBH publishing Co.
3. Beck, W.S., Liem, K.F.and Simpson, G.G.l991.life.Intoduction to Biology .
Harper Collins publications.
4. Goel,R.s(ED) ,.1993. Environmental impacts of water resources.
Tata mc Graw hill publishing Co.
5. Gupta,R.K., Dabral,B.G., Homji,v.M.M. and puri , G .s. 2000. Forest Ecology .
Vol.3 Oxford and IBH publishing co.
6. Ristinen,R.A. and Kraushaar, J.t.r999. Energy and the Environment .
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
7. Santra, S.C.2001. Environmental science.Ist Ed., New Central Book Agency.
Kolkata .Sharma, V.K.1985. water resource Planning and Management.Himalaya
publishing House. Bombay
8. Ahuja,J.S., M.J.S.,. et.al.,1993. Map Education. Survey of India.
9. Sathyanarayan swami, B.s 1985. Engineering Geology- Laboratory Manual.
Eurasia publishing House pvt Ltd.

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 t3

SEMESTER V
ENV 501- Environmental Pollution and Waste Management
2 Credits/Week = 4hrs/Week, S2hrs/semester - 70 Marks

Unitl: 10 Hours

Air Pollution: Definition, causes of air pollution, classification of air pollutant-primary and
secondary pollutants . Ozone, its depletion and effects; Greenhouse effect, its consequences
.Meterology of Air pollution on Biosphere :Effect on human, plant and Materials. Control of
Air Pollution : Settling Chambers, Inertial Separators, Cyclones, Filters, Electrostatic
Precipitaors and Scrubbers.

Unit2 1 2hours

Water Pollution: Sources of pollution of surface and ground water; Water pollution
parameters - physical, chemical and biological; Classification of water pollutants. Effects of
water pollution on water bodies and aquatic life, vegetation and human health.water quality
Monitering-Units, equipment and methods. Treatment of water for drinking purposes. Water
quality standards .Muncipal Wastewater treatment-Sewage treatment-Preliminary, primary,
secondary,-activated sludge process and trickling filters, Tertiary treatment methods- Reverse
Osmosis and ion exchange .

Unit 3: 10 Hours

Soil Pollution - Sources of soil pollution, PoJlution and residual toxicity from the application
of insecticides, pesticides and fertilizers; Industrial waste and heavy metal interactions with
soil components. Impacts of intensive agriculture on soil - water logging and soil salinity,
their causes, impacts and remedies. Sampling techniques and Soil pollution control
measures. Noise pollution - Definition, sources, effects and control; Noise pollution
standards for different locations. Radioactive pollution and Thermal pollution.

unit4:
ro hours
Solid waste management: Solid waste management and Disposal: Definition- Sources-Types;
On-site handling, Storage and processing-Collection- Transfer and Transportation-
processing-Recovery of materials and Disposal. Plastic management Rules,2O11

Unit:5
8 Hours
Hazardous waste: Types,characteristics and classification. Biomedical and E-waste in India.
Management of hazardous waste . Regulations for both urban and rural sectors.
Heavy metal pollution: Causes,Effects and Control measures with reference to Lead and
Mercury.Pesticide Pollution: Causes , Effects and control measures with reference to Organo-
chlorine pesticide.
 ilt

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ENY 502 Practical 35 Marks

Credit/Week= 3hrs/ Week
1. Determination of Dissolved Oxygen
2. Estimation of Alkalinity
3. Estimation of SPM- High volume Air Sampler method
4. Estimation of SOz- west ang Gaeke method.
5. Estimation of lron- Phenanthroline method.
6. Estimation of Chromium - Diphenyl Carbazide method.
7. Estimation of Copper- Neocuproine method.
8. Estimation of BOD- Dilution method.
9. Estimation of COD- Dichromate Refluxion method.
10. Measurement of Noise- Noise level Meter
11. Estimation of Nitrate.

References
1. Nandini N, Sunitha N. and Sucharita Tandon, (2007), Environmental Studies,
Sapna Book House, Bangalore
2. Stern A.C (1986) Air Pollution VoI.I-VII, Academic press.
3. Parker H.W (1977). Air Pollution.
' 4. ChhatwalG.R.Mehra M.C Katyal T., Satake K., Mohan Katyal, Nagahiro T.(
1989). Environmental Noise Pollution and its Control, I Ed., Anmol
Publications.
5. Sharma B.K & Kaur H. (1995). Environmental Chemistry, Ed., Goel I
Publication House.
6. Singh H.R (1989) Animal Ecology & Environmental Biology, Shobhan Lal
Nagin Chand and Co.
7. Lodge (1994). Methods of air sampling and analysis
8. R.K Trivedy and Goel P.K (1995) An Introduction to air pollution, Techno
Science Publications Jaipur .
9. Kudesiav.P.(1993). Air Pollution, Pragati prakashan, New Delhi.
10. Sharma P.F. (1995). Environmental Biology, I Ed., Rastogi and Company.
11. Mishra P.C. (1989). Soil Pollution and Soil Organisms.
12. Wilber, C.G. (1989). Biological aspects of Water pollution. Charles C. Thomas
Publishers, Illinois.
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SEMESTER V
ENV 503 - Natural Disasters and Environmental Issues
2 Credits/Week: 4hrs/Week, S2hrs/semester - 70 Marks
Unitl: 10 Hours
Natural Environmental Hazards - Volcanoes, earthquake and tsunamis, flood, landslide and
cyclones - types and their impact on environment. Natural hazards monitoring and
management - pre and post hazard assessment and preparedness. Case studies on disaster
mitigation.

Unit2 12 Hours
Manmade Environmental Hazards: Resource exploitation and environmental problems -
Mining, Oil exploration and transportation, deforestation and their impacts on environment.
Hazards due to solid, liquid and gaseous pollutants from industries - effect on ecosystem and
humans; Hazards due to Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic.
Unit 3: 10 Hours
Environmental problems associated with urbanization - traffic,dust, aerosols and noise; their
management; significance of urban open spaces (lung spaces, playgrounds, parks and
greenbelts) and their management.
Unit 4: 12 Hours
Modernization of agriculture and its impacts. Grasslands - overgrazing and land degradation,
desertification, reclamation of degraded land; Wetlands - ecological significance, human
intervention on wetlands, siltation and eutrophication, reclamamation of wetland.
Unit 5: 8 Hours
Global Environment Issues: Green House effect, global warming, global dimming - causes
and associated hazards, Ozone layer depletion - causes and associated hazards. Global
summits, conventions and protocols on Environment - Stockholm, Rio de Janeiro,
Johannesburg, Cancun, Rio+20; Kyoto protocol, Montreal protocol; COP,LINFCCC,IPCC.

ENV 504 Practical 35 Marks

CreditsAileek= 3hrs/Week

1. A study of major rock forming minerals.

2. A study of Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks.
3. Determination of moisture content of soil.
4. Determination of water holding capacity of soil'
5. Estimation of calcium and magnesium of soil.
6. Estimation of Oxidisable Organic matter of soil.
7. Reports on earth summit held at international level
8. Case studies on natural disasters
9. Field /industrial visit
 t6
1l

,, l
. References

1. Peter Calow (Ed)(1998) Handbook of Environmental Risk Assessment and

Management. Blakwell Sciences, London.
2. Quit, M.D., David Taylor and Rupert - Prudrare (Eds)(196) Environmental
Impact pf Chemical Assessment and Control. The Royal Society of Chemistry,
Cambridge.
3. Ricci, P.F and Rowe M.d (ed) 19S5). Health and Environmental Risk Assessment
PergmonApres, N.Y.
4. Cuttler,S.I (1994). Environmental Risk andHazards, Prentice hall of IndiaNew
Delhi.
5. Natural Disasters - A Guide for relief workers - JAC AdhyatmeSadhama Kendra
Mehraui, New Delhi-3O. I 980,
6. Parasuraman S and UniKrishnan P.V. (2000) Indian Disasters report towards a
policy initiative. Oxford University press.
7. Girish K. Mishra and G.C Mathur (eds)(1993). Natural Disaster reduction.
Reliance Publishing House, 302174, Ranjit Nagar, New Delhi.
8. Narendra Kumar Jain, Disaster preparedness in India. Joint Assistance centre.
Adhyatma S adhana kendramMehrauli, New Delhi -3 0
9. canter L (1996) Environmental Impact Assessment. McGraw Hill.
10. Allarachand (1985) Environmental Challenges - A global survey, UDH, New
Delhi.
11. Newson M.M.(1993) Managing the human impact on the nature al Environment.
I 2. Nanda. A.N. ( 1 996) Environmental Education.

*{<***
 l7
SEMESTER VI
ENV 601- GIS & Remote Sensing and Statistics
2 Credits/Week: 4hrs/Week, S2hrs/semester - 70 Marks

Unit i: 12 Hours
Satellites and their characteristics - Geo-stationary and sunsynchronous, Earth resource
Satellites- Indian Space progralnme. Basics ofremote sensing: Definition, concepts and
principle of energy interactions with environmental components. Electromagnetic spectrum,
Principles of radiation; radiation transfer.
Remote Sensing; Active and Passive remote sensing. Ideal and Real remote Sensing
characteristics. Fundamental of aerial photographic systems; Principle: Types of aerial
cameras, aerial photos; ground coverage; radiometric characteristics, Interpretation principles
and techniques and Applications of aerial photos.

Unit 2: 1 0 hours
Sensors and Scanners- Profiles and geometry of scanners, different types of
sensors, their
characteristics, Digital image processing: Basic concepts and principles; image enhancement;
edge enhancement; band rationing classification-supervised and unsupervised classification.
Smoothing and filtering techniques; post classification smoothing classification accuracy
enhancement; data merging; scale effects.

Unit 3: 8 hours
GIS - Definitions, Components, History and Development. Concept of space and spatial data:
types, characteristics, quality and sources of spatial data. Data input, verification, storage and
output. Data stream, Geo-referencing and Map scale. Spatial Data Models - Raster Data
Model, Vector Data Model.Database: Different formats for database.

Unit 4 : 10 hours
Application of Remote Sensing, GPS and GIS for Environmental Planning and Management:
Vegetation cover, Agriculture, Surface and Ground water, Watershed, Marine resources,
Coastal zones, Wild life Ecology, Mining and Quarrying; Agriculture and range land
application; earthquakes and flood mapping assessment

Unit 5: 12 hours
Biostatistics :Defenition- Functions and Limitations of statistics.
Diagrammatic Representation of Data: Line Diagram -Bar diagram- Pie diagram; Graphical
Representation of Data: Histogram, Frequency polygon. Sampling Techniques: Methods of
sampling-Random sampling methods- Non-random Sampling methods- Sampling and Non-
sampling Errors. Measures of Central Tendency: Arithmetic means, Geometric mean-
Median mode. Measures of Dispersion: Range, standard Deviation and Coefficient of
variation.

ENV 602 Practical 35 Marks

CreditsAileek: 3hrsAileek
1. Preparation of thematic maps - A) Baseline maps B) Transportation
Network and settlement maps c) Drainage maps d) Contour maps e) Slope
Analysis maps f) Land-use/land-cover maps g) Wasteland maps
 tg
I 2. Interpretation of satellite data.
3. Land-use/land-cover classification from satellite data and toposheets.
4. Calculation of area using planimeter/grid method.
5. Comparative studies of the satellite and toposheet landuse/land cover data.
6. Delineation of drainage of a given area from satellite data.
7. Study of aerial photographs, photo interpretation for environmental studies and
topographical maps.
8. Delineation of lineaments and dykes.
9. Collection of ground truth data.
10 GIS applications - advances software's of GIS- Arc GIS, ERDA
1l.GIS Data analysis

Reference Books:
1. Anji Reddy M. (2000). Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems: An
Introduction. Book Syndicate.
2. Robert G. Reeves (Ed). (19S3), Manual of Remote Sensing, Johm Wiley and Sons, New
York.
3. Morris M. Thomson (Ed). (1983). Manual of Photography. Tata McGraw- Hill. Publishing
Co.
4. Beny. S Siegal and Allen R.Gillspie. (1987). Remote Sensing in Geology,TataMcGraw-
Hill. Publishing Co.
5. Miller J.C. (1986). Photography, John wiley and Sons, New york.
6. Smith J.T. (1991). Manual of colour Photography. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
7. Leuderr D.R. (1993). Aerial Photography interpretation Principles and Applications,
-
McGraw - Hill.
8. Lillesand and Kiefer. (1993). Principles of Remote Sensing
9. Nag P and Kudrat M. (1998). Digital Remote Sensing. Concept Publishing Co., New
Delhi.
10. Chouhan and Joshi K.N. (1996). Applied Remote Sensing and Photo interpretation.
11. Rajan M.S. (1991). Remote Sensing and GIS for Natural Resources.
12. Narayana L.R.A (1999). Remote Sensing and its application University Press (India).
13. Lillesand T.M. (1987). Remote Sensing and Image interpretation. John Wiley, Hamburg.
14. Sabins F.F and Floyd F.J.R. (1978). Remote Sensing- Principles and interpretations.
15. Burroguh P.A and Mc Donnell R.A. (1988). Principles of Geographical Information
system. Oxford Univ.Press.
16. Jorgevsen S.E. (1996). Applications of ecological modeling in
environmental management. Elsevier Sci. Co., London.
17. Muralikrishna I.v. (2001). Spatial Information Technology- RS and GIS.
Vol.I ard II BS Publications, Hyderabad.
18. Burrough P.A. (1986). Principles of GIS for Land Resource Assessment.
Oxford University Press.
19. Elachi C. (1978). Introduction to Physics and Techniques of Remote
sensing. John Wiley Publication New York

*{<***
 tq

SEMESTER VI
ENV 603- Environmental Management and Sustainable Development
2 Credits/Week = 4hrs/Week, S2hrs/semester - 70 Marks

Unit 1: 12 Hours

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA): Concept of EIA, Environmental Inventory,

Assessment of Physical and Biological and socio economic Environment - Various methods
of EIA and their relation advantages - Adhoc, Checklist, Matrix, Networking and simulation
modeling.

Unit 2: 10 Hours

Environmental standards concept, Environmental protection standards; BIS, ISO,

Environmental quality monitoring - ISO 14000 and its impact on developing countries.
Comparison of Indian and International standards.

Unit3: 12 Hours

Climate Change: Climate change and policy frameworks - History of international climate
change policies. United Nation Framework Convention on climate change (LINFCCC) - Key
provisions of the UNFCCC, its structure, and different party groups under the convention -
Annex I, Annex II and Non-Annex Icountries. The Kyoto protocol and its associated bodies'
Overview of Conference of Parties (CoP). Main climate change negotiations evolved over the
past years and highlight some key issues relevant for a future climate change regime.
-sustainable
Development: Concept of sustainable development; carbon footprint, carbon
trading; green buildings, clean technologies - rain water harvesting, ecofriendly lifestyles and
products. Eco-labeling.

Unit4: 12 Hours

Environmental Laws: Environmental Laws and Constitutional provisions in India - Salient

features - The Indian Forest Act,1927, The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,
1974, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and The Environment (Protection)
Act, 1986; The Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rules, 2000; Hazardous Waste
(Management, Handling and Tran boundary movement) Rules, 2008; E-waste(Management
& Handling) Rules 201t.

Unit5: 06 Hours

Environmental Movements: Major environmental movements Chipko and Appiko

movements, Narmada BachoAndolan, Kaiga and Kudankulam resistance, and any local
specific environment issue. A brief account of the contributions of Indian environmentalists -
Wangeri Maathai, MedhaPatkar, SundarlalBahuguna, SalumaradaThimmakka.
".:.'
,'
,a(
ENV 604 -Dissertation Work 35 Marks
" '@issertation work replaces the Practical paper of VI sem)

o Each ffi[:"y::fi:T'/y,"ff" up a disserration work in appried

aspects as a partialfulfillment of the course.
o The candidate may work either individually or in a group (Maximum of 5
students) under the supervision of a faculty member.
o Dissertation to be submitted individually towards the end of the VI
semester for evaluation.
Reference

1. Karpagam (1986). Environmental Economics.

2. Murti,S. (1998). Economic Growth and Environment. RSBA Publishers.
3. John A. Hannigan (1995), Environmental Sociology: A social Constructionist
Perspective; Routledge; II New Felter, London.
4. Redelift. M. and Benton T.(eds)(1994). Social theory and Global Environment,
Routledge, New York.
5. Beek U. (1992). The Risk Society; London, Sage.
6. Ramachandra Guha(ed.X1998). Social Ecology, Oxford University Press, New
Delhi.
7 . David. C.(1 988). Environmental Economics. EarthScan,UK.
8. Edward,B.(l987). Resources Economics, Earth Scan,Ju.
9. Titemberg. (19+0). Pollution Economics. Oxford Univ. Press.UK.

*****
0
 gt

t"J b

Unit t : lntrodu(tion to en?ironrnental ltudies

' ll4ultldisciPlinary naturt od enviranmer':tal studies;

. S(rpe and inrpcrtance; Csrrrepi cf sustainability and sr.rstainabie Cevelopment'
{z iectures)
Unit: r Erosystems
. e(csysteml Structurr and functiorr of ecosy:ten:; [ne rgy flolv in an ecosystem:
vr/hat is an
food chainr, {cod webs and er*}oSic:! :uccessicn, {ase stueiies o{ the ir:llorving e{o.ysieme i
a) forest e(osy:tem
b) drassland e(orystem
c) Desert ecasyste,r
d) Aquatic *ccsysten"rs ipon<Jr, streams, lakes, rivers' ocezrlt, estuarie:)
(6 lectures)
Unit3: llatural Resourter: Renewable and Non-renewabl4 Eesour(€s
. f and resour(es and landuse ch*nge; Land d€gradation, scil erosioll xnd rJesertific-ation.
. Deforestationl (auses anrl impacts due to mining, dam building on envirofiment, fore5ts,
biodiversity and tribal Popuisti*ns.
. Water : Use and over-exploitati{}fi of surfa(e afid grclnd water, {loods, c}ro*8hts, (onflicts
over r'/ater {inter*atignal & inter'state}.
. Energy resrr{trces : Renelvalrle *nd non renewable energy gources, u:e o{ alternate €r1ergy
sources, growing tnergy needs. case siudies-
(g *ctures)
Unit 4 : Biodiversity and (onserrration

' Leyels of biologicat diversity: g*netic, species and eco$ystem diversity; Biogeographic zones
of lndia; Siodiversity patterns a$d glcbal biodive15ity ho, tPots
' lndia as a mega-biodiversity naiion; Endangered and endemic tp€cie, oi lndia
. Threats to biodiversity: Habitat loss, poaching o{ wildlife, man"wildli{e conllicts, biologic.:l
invasions; Conservation of bioei?ver:ity : ln-sitr"l and Ex-situ csnservation of biediversity.
" E($systenr and biodiversity len ices: fcological, *conomic, social, ethical, aesthetic and
lnformatianal val**'
{g rectures)
'I
Unit 5 : €nvironmental Pollution

. Ervironrnsntal polluticn : types, causes, effects and cnntrcl:; Air, water, soil and noise t
pollutioc
. Nuclear haeards and human health risks
. Solid waste management : control measures of urban and industrial rn:alte'
. Pollrtiorl case studies"
(8 lectures)
Unit 5: Environrnental Pollci*s & Practicel
:j:
jl
. Climate change, glgbal wannirl#r oxorl€ layer d*plef ir:rn, acid rain arrcl impac$ on human
(ommunities and agriculture

0{

Clb^uid*r"^ (hos a il{ltu

M' Phil" Ph'D"
Dr. Nandirii N. tt'st',
ptoi*ttot and Principat lnvestigator
D;i. of Environmental Science
Bangaiore UniversitY
560 056"
Jnanabharaitri, aengaturu'
 ,;,.

2z

lluman population growthi lmparts on environmert, human h*alth and wel*are.

Be settler.lent and rehabilitatiorr of proiect affected persons; {a{e sturlies"
Bisaster managenl€nt : floods, earthquake, cyclones and land*lide:'
fnvironme ntal movements : Chlpko, 5ilent valley, Bishnois of Ra!a*than.
lnviro*nrental ethics: frole of l;':dian and other religions and cultures in envi;onmetrtai
tonservation.
. fnvironlrlental (ornmuni(atir:n and public awarenets, case studies {e.9., CN6 vehicles ir
Delhi)'
(6 recture*)
Unit 8: Field nork
, Visitto an area to d$cr:ment e!-ryironme*tal assets: riverl forest/ florafiauna, etc.
" Wsit to a local po{luted site-Urt}an/RuralllndustrialiAgricultural.
. Study of cofimon plants, insecir, birds and trasic ptinciples of identification.
. 5tudy rl{ simple ecosyst€rns-pond, river, Delhi Bidgt, etc.
(Equal ter 5 ieciures)

Suggested Rtadingx
r. Carson, g. )ooa. Sitent Spring. Houghtan Mi{flin Harqour-t.
2.6adgil,M.,&Cuha.R. lgg3.ThisFissuredLand:ArrErologiralllirtoryaftndia.liniv.ot(aliforniaPr*ss.
3. 6ieeson, B. and t-ow, l{, (ed:r) 19gg. 6}obdl fthics ond Er:vircnrnent, Lcndon, Routiedge,
4.6lei(k,P,|l.1gg3,U/dterin(risis.Pacificln:titute{orStudiesinDev.,Enviror:riienl&se(urity.
Stockholrn En!. lnrtitute, Oxford tJniv" Pr*ss.
,. 6roorn, Martha J., 6ary (. Melfe, and {arl Ronald (arroll. ?rinciplxs a{ {o,iservati,ln Biology.
Sunderland: Sinauer Associates, lf Q6.
6. Srunrhina, R. Edward, and Pandito lU-K. 2o13, Threats frorn lndia's llimalayr clams. Science, ltg,36-37-
7. il4cCulll P. t990. Rivers rro more; thr environmental e/fee ts of donrs (pp, :9-64). 7ed 8or:rks.
Mcl.teill, John R. zo8r. Something New Unde r tl'}e Si.,fi: An Efivir$rm€ntal l-,irtsry of the Tw€ntisth
.r:1, .'- . cefltury.
,. Odum, i.P., Odum, l-i.T, & Andrel.rr, J, tg7t. f itndamer*rls of Ecclagy. Phiiadelphie: 5atrnders.
10. Pepper, l.L.,6erba, ("F. & Bruss*a,r, M.L" :o1r. Enrircrtmental and Follutior 5(ience, AcaCemic Prelis.
),:
,r.it ,i:,rl
.: *ao, ld.N. & Datta. A.K. igST.vlarteWdler Treotment. Axford and lBlt Publishing Co. Pv-t. Ltd-
t-: : .t.
" Raven, P.H., Hassenzahl, D.M. & Serg, L.R. 2o12. Environment. 8th edirion. John Wiley & Sons.
it: 11- F,osencranz, A., Bivan, 5,, & Nobie, M. L. 3*or" lnvfrolmentol Lrur *nd palicy inl*dia. I ipathi tggz. \
, rt( ,
rt ,4. Serigupta, fl. )oo3" Fcolagy and ecanomics: An approarh to sustainable develgpment. OUF,
i|:l',
:t :l:':t::
".;
S,ngh,J.5,, Singh,5.P. and Cupta, *.R. ror4. tcology, fnvironmeltrl Sci*nxe ondtanservstirln. S. Chand
' !l "'' Publishing, New De!hi.
,: ,,. r6. Socihi, lol.S., Clbion, t-. & 3aven, P,i'1. (eds)" 1013. {or,5erY{tion &iology: Voires frorn the lropics".john
I
:,.it:.:t ..
Y/iley & 50nr.
:

. :ii: !l 17. thapar,v. 1998. l.€ndof th€ TigenA.Naturt'.lHisttryof thelfidisnS$bccntinelt.

t8, Warren, (. E. r97t, fiiology andt/laterPoll$t;a*Cantrol"$/B Saunder:.
1g" Wilson,[.O. 10$6.TheCrutian:Atappealtosavelileonedrth.Ne+vYork:Norton.
:rr a :o. lVorld Commissiol on €nvirunrn€nt and Development. r987. Our (;:rnmcn Fulure. Osctord University
ir,':ri
 4
{t 9
I

g) A candidate opting for Genetics as an optional supjecl shall also opt for chemistry/
Biochemistry ind-Botany I Zoology / Microbiology / Biotechnology / Sericulture as
optional subjects.

7.4 PART-III:
A) Foundation, skill Development or Interdisciplinary courses
(Common for all Programmes):

i) compulsory courses in the first and second semesters one in each semester
1. Constitution of India and Human Rights
v 2. Environment and Public I{ealth Re"d aS Erun^P^^*"Ul
i, Any four skill development courses in the third, fourth, fifth and sixth semesters, one
in each semester as prescribed by the concerned faculty and approved by the
Academic Council. The courses may include the following:

Sem. B.A. B.Sc./B.C.A. B.Com./BBA/BMS/BHM

ru Science and SocietY Culture, DiversitY & Societl Science and SocietY

IV Life Skills /PersonalitY Life Skills / PersonalitY Life Skills / PersonalitY

Development Development Development
V Banking & Finance / Banking &Finance / German lFrench I
Building Mathematical Capital Market/ German / Sanskrit / Culture,
Abilitv French Diversity and SocietY
VI Entrepreneurship & EntrepreneurshiP & Creativity & Innovation /
Innovation / ComPuter Innovation / ComPuter Value Education
App lication &Information Application & Information
Technolosy Technology

One soft core course or allied subject each in the sev.nth and eight semesters of
the
iii)
integrated prograrnme or in the first and second senlesters of the post-graduate
programmes, and one open elective in the ninth sernestcr of the integrated master's
programmes as prescribed by the respective Board of stndies and approved by
the
course, one
Academic council. The soft core courses may include research methodology
of the foreign languages such as German, French etc. and any other course prescribed
by the university from time to time.

B) Co-curricular and Extension Activities

A student shall opt for one of the tbllowing activities offered in the college, in each of
a credit
the first four semesters of the undergraduate programmes. The activity carries
each and will be intemaily assessed for 50 marks'

a) N.S.S. / N.C.C
b) Sports and Games
c) Physical Education or Activities related to Yoga
d) Fietd studies / Industry hnplant Training
e) Involvement in campus publication
f1 ruuucation of articles in news papers, magazines or other
publications
j; Co*-rrrity wdrk such as promotion of values of National lntegration,
I