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Forensic Photography

The document discusses different types of light-sensitive materials used in photography, including film, photographic paper, and their properties like film speed and graininess. It covers ordinary and panchromatic film, color and infrared film, as well as basic film sizes and the layers of black and white film.

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Raia Lore Cuizon
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13 views2 pages

Forensic Photography

The document discusses different types of light-sensitive materials used in photography, including film, photographic paper, and their properties like film speed and graininess. It covers ordinary and panchromatic film, color and infrared film, as well as basic film sizes and the layers of black and white film.

Uploaded by

Raia Lore Cuizon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SENSETIZE MATERIAL

1. FILM -Film is a photosensitive medium that captures images using silver salts
suspended on a cellulose base.It records light to create visual images focused by a
camera lens

2. PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER - This type of light-sensitive material produces positive


photographs, which are the final result of photography.

3. FILM SPEED - The ASA number of a film determines its sensitivity to light, with
higher numbers indicating greater sensitivity. Lower ASA films are ideal for
document photography in dimly lit rooms, capturing images quickly and recording
moving objects.

4. EXPOSURE INDEX - It refers to the film rating or the number of the exposed film

5. GRAININES - It is the granular appearance of the enlarged image

6. SILVER HALIDE CRYSTALS - Silver halide crystals, compounds of silver with


halogens, are crucial in film photography. When exposed to light, they form small
metallic silver specks, creating the image on the film. The size and arrangement of
these crystals impact the film's sensitivity and resolution.

KINDS OF FILM

1. ORDINARY FILM or PANCHROMATIC FILM - It is sensitive to all colors,


especially blue and violet, making it suitable for black and white photographs
CLASSES OF PANCHRONATIC FILM
- Process panchromatic film or short scale -low in speed and high in contrast.
- Fine grain panchromatic film or long scale - It allows for short exposures under average
lighting conditions and has the advantage of a fine grain structure.
- High speed panchromatic film - Originally intended for photographing subjects in
challenging lighting conditions.

2. BLUE SENSITIZE FILM - a film especially treated that makes it more sensitive to blue
rays of light

3. ORTHOCHROMATIC or KODALITH FILM - Sensitive to all colors except red,


making it suitable for fingerprint photography or document imaging.

4. MINICOPY FILM - Originally designed for document copying, it's now used for artistic
effects, including shallow depth of field, blown highlights, clipped blacks, and edge
smearing.

5. POLAROID FILM - A special type of sensitized material that produces a photograph


immediately after exposure.

6. COLOR FILM - All film ending color


7. COLOR INFRARED FILM - It is sensitive to infrared radiation, useful for penetrating
haze, analyzing documents, and discovering old tattoos or hidden objects under the skin

8. X-RAY FILM - Sensitive to the x-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

BASIC FILM SIZES


1. 110 film - it is very small, not good for enlargement2. 35 mm film - use for 35 mm
adjustable camera and
widely use today3. 120 and 220 roll film - used by medium format cameras4. 4x5 inch film -
sharp photograps are possible as it requires less magnifications

GENERAL TYPES OF EMULSION


1. MONOCHROMATIC FILM - Primarily used for recopying, it has no use in regular
photography due to its sensitivity to only one color.

2. ORTHOCHROMATIC FILM - Sensitive to ultraviolet, violet, blue, green, and yellow


parts of the spectrum. Does not accurately reproduce relative brightness and is available only
in sheet film, not used in regular police photography.

3. PANCHROMATIC FILM - Sensitive to all colors of the visual spectrum, helping select
the correct film for any work. Films are divided based on color sensitivity

TYPE A PANCHROMATIC - Produces various tones and hues of the subject in shades of
gray, with
TYPE B PANCHROMATIC -only differs in speed-its subclasses include:

- LONG SCALE - Used in portraiture, press, illustrative continuous tone copy, general
outdoor, and indoor photography
- SHORT SCALE - Used for copy work when complete tonal separation is required,
generally called process pan.

BLACK AND WHITE FILM

LAYERS OF A BLACK AND WHITE FILM

1. EMULSION- -consist of crystal of light-sensitive compound (silver nitrate) evenly


distributed throughout plastic based materials silver halide emulsions are universally
sensitive to the ultraviolet radiations and some wavelengths of blue light.
• gelatin is universally used as the medium that holds the crystals in the emulsion

2. GRAY or ANTI-HALATION BACKING - It is placed between the emulsion and


the plastic base of a film to prevent light passing through the emulsion and reflecting
off the base back to the emulsion, which forms a "halo."

3. BASE -these are made of plastic materials they serve as a support.

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