ABDOMIN PELVIS GUIDELINES

• IMPORTANT HIGHLIGHTS

• 3 SEQS (2 FROM ABDOMEN 1 FROM PELVIS AND 2 FROM HN ) will come

from this region
• HOW TO START AP??
• THIS REGION IS BIT LONG BUT VERY EASY
• START FROM ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL
• KEEP ATLAS BY YOUR SIDE. THIS IS MUST TO DO
• LEAVE DEVELOPMENT AND HISTOLOGY IN EVERY TOPIC
• IN A/P ..FOCUS ON BLOOD SUPPLY, NERVE SUPPLY, LYMPHATIC
DRAINAGE AND RELATIONS OF ALL THE VISCERA OF BOTH ABDOMEN
AND PELVIS
• FOCUS ON CLINICALS..TRY TO READ FROM KLM ….U CAN DO IT FROM
AIMC ACADEMIA PDF AS WELL ..BEST WRITTEN THERE‼

BOOKS
BD CHAURASIA’S HUMAN ANATOMY VOL 2 (MAIN BOOK)
KLM ANATOMY

• CHAPTER 16 ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL

• MUSCLE TABLE FROM KLM
• TRANSPYLORIC PLANE and the STRUCTURES LIES AT THIS LEVEL
• UMBILICUS LEVEL(T10)
• CAPUT MEDUSAe******WHICH IS EXTREMELY IMP
• DO THE VESSELS, NERVES AND LYMPHATICS OF ANTERIOR
ABDOMINAL WALL********V VIMP
• ARCUATE LINE
• DO THE ACTIONS OF ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL MUSCLES
..headings only
• INGUINAL LIGAMENT AND ITS EXTENSIONS
• CONJOINT TENDON
• RECTAL SHEATH..PET SEQ ..******VERY IMP(never leave)
• Leave the topic of NEW CONCEPT OF RECTAL SHEATH
• MUST DO SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP INGUINAL RINGS.***
• INGUINAL CANAL ….AGAIN PET SEQ VERY VERY IMP..DO IT
BOUNDARIES FROM KLM TABLE*****.
• DO CONTENTS OF INGUINAL CANAL..FROM BD

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 • DO CONSTITUENT OF SPERMATIC
CORD…USUALLY ASK IN VIVA ..EXTREMELLY IMPORTANT .
• DO COVERINGS OF SPERMATIC CORD*****…AGAIN VERY IMP(ASKED IN
VIVA+WRITTEN)
• DO MECHANISM OF INGUINAL CANAL
• FOSSA AND DEPRESSIONS ON INTERNAL SURFACE OF ANTEROLATERAL
ABDOMINAL WALL ….DO IT FROM KLM *******NOT IN BD
• NERVE INVOLVED IN CREMASTERIC REFLEX(MCQ)
• IMPORTANT CLINICAL
• INDIRECT AND DIRECT INGUINAL HERNIA ALONG WITH THEIR
DIFFERENCE WRITTEN ON TABLES
• ABDOMINAL INCISIONS ..SAFEST AND RISKY INCISION
(PARAMEDIAN_SAFEST
• PARARECTUS AND INGUINAL INCISION_MOST RISKY)

• CHAPTER 17 MALE EXTERNAL GENITAL ORGANS

• FOCUS ON SUSPENSORY LIGAMENT AND FUNDIFORM LIGAMENT
• DO BLOOD SUPPLY, NERVE SUPPLY OF TESTIS, PENIS, SCROTUM

IMPORTANT CLINICAL
• VARICOCELE AND WHY IT IS COMMON ON LEFT SIDE? READ FROM
KLM
• HYDROCELE
• CRYPTORCHIDISM
• ORCHITIS

• CHAPTER 18 ABDOMINAL CAVITY AND PERITONEUM

• VERY IMPORTANT CHAP*****”
• DO TABLE 18.1 AND 18.2 ***** MUST KNOW WHICH ORGAN LIE IN
WHICH REGION
• DO FUNCTIONS OF PERITONEUM LEARN JUST HEADINGS
• ATTACHMENT OF PERITONEAL FOLDS AND ITS CONTENTS
• DO FUNCTIONS OF GREATER OMENTUM
• EPIPLOIC FORAMEN****AGAIN PET SEQ (never leave)
• CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF EPIPLOIC FORAMEN
• LESSER SAC V.V.V IMP (never leave)
• READ SPECIAL DIVISIONS OF PERITONEAL CAVITY …learn
RECTOUTERINE POUCH AND MORRISON POUCH ..IMP

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 • DO PERITONEAL FOSSAE ..DO
PARADUODENAL RECESS AND VEIN PRESENT IN IT .. REST ..JUST KNOW
THEIR NAMES ..
• DO ALL CLINICALS FROM THIS CHAP
• IMPORTANT CLINICAL**
• PRINGLE MANEUVER
• PARACENTESIS
• ASCITES
• PERITONITIS
• DUODENAL AND GASTRIC ULCER
• PARADUODENAL HERNIA
• DEPENDENT PART OF PERITONEAL CAVITY IN SUPINE AND STANDING
POSITION
• VAGOTOMY AND ITS TYPE****PROFF/STAGE/MCQ

• NOW HOW TO COVER ORGANS….

• .WATCH VIDEO OF SPOTTING OF ALL THE VISCERA FROM
YOUTUBE…THEY WILL COVER
• EXTERNAL FEATURES
• PERITONEAL AND VISCERAL RELATIONS
• ANATOMICAL POSITION

• NOW COME TO BOOK…IF U HAVE LESS TIME NO NEED TO READ THE

BOOK JUST DO BLOOD SUPPLY, NERVE SUPPLY FROM THERE.
• MAKE SURE THAT U COVER ALL THESE THINGS FROM EVERY VISCERA
• EXTERNAL FEATURES
• LIGAMENTS
• ANATOMICAL POSITION
• BLOOD SUPPLY
• NERVE SUPPLY
• LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
• PERITONEAL AND VISCERAL RELATIONS
• CLINICALS

• CHAPTER 19 ABDOMINAL PART OF ESOPHAGUS AND

STOMACH
• DO VISCERA AS EXPLAIN BEFORE
• VENOUS DRAINGE OF ESOPHAGUS.
• STOMACH BED IMP****
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 • TRAUBE’S SPACE

• CHAPTER 20 SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE

• RELATIONS OF DUODENUM*****VERY IMP
• LIGAMENT OF TREITZ (proff mcq)
• DIFFERENCE BETWEEN JEJUNUM AND ILEUM (TABLE 20.1) .IMP
• DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE (TABLE 20.2)IMP
• APPENDIX******VERY IMP
• DO ITS POSTIONS, BLOOD SUPPLY, NERVE SUPPLY, LYMPHATIC
DRAINAGE,
• MC BURNEYS POINTS
• IMPORTANT CLINICALS
• APPENDICITIS(VERY IMP CLINICAL)***
• TABLE 20.3 AND 20.4
• HIRSHSPRUNG DISEASE (VIVA+SENDUP MCQS)
• APPENDECTOMY(REFFERED PAIN AND HOW TO FIND APPENDIX??PROFF
MCQ
• VOLVULUS OF SIGMOID COLON
• MECKEL’S DIVERTICULUM

• CHAPTER 21 LARGE VESSELS OF GUT

• AGAIN VERY IMPORTANT CHAPTER ..DO COMPLETE CHAP
• LEAVE RELATIONS OF VESSELS
• DO THE BRANCHES, COURSE AND SUPPLY OF CELIAC , SUPERIOR AND
INFERIOR MESENERIC VESSELS
• DO TRIBUTARIES AND DRAINGE OF SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR
MESENTERIC VEIN
• PORTAL VEIN DO ITS FORMATION, COURSE TERMINATION, BRANCHES,
DRAINAGE ..never leave
• PORTOSYSTEMIC ANASTOMOSIS AND THIER SITES**** never leave(
TABLE 21.1 AND 21.2)
• IMPORTANT CLINICALS
• OESOPHAGEAL VARICES
• CAPUT MEDUSAS.)..VERY IMP*****
• TREATMENT OF PORTAL HYPERTENSION

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• CHAPTER 22 “EXTRAHEPATIC BILIARY APPRATUS”
• DO THE WHOLE CHAP.
• BLOOD SUPPLY, NERVE SUPPLY, COURSE , LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE AND
SPHINCTERS OF BILE DUCT
• CALOT TRAINGLE ***IMP BOUNDARIES AND CLINICAL
SIGNIFICANCE(WRITTEN IN CLINICALS)
• KNOW WHAT IS HARTMANN’S POUCH
• GALL STONES
• MURPHY’S SIGN
• REFERRED PAIN OF GALL BLADDER

• CHAPTER 23 “SPLEEN , PANCREAS AND LIVER”

• IN LIVER DO HEPATIC SEGMENTS..DO IT FROM KLM
• RELATIONS OF PANCREAS ARE VERY IMP***
• DO VISCERA AS I HAVE TOLD U BEFORE
• PANCREATITIS
• HOW CANCER OF HEAD OF PANCREAS CAUSE OBSTRUCTIVE
JAUNDICE(OBSTRUCT BILE DUCT AND IT LIES POSTERIOR TO
IT)PPUQ****

• CHAPTER 24 KIDNEY AND URETER

• FROM KIDNEY .DO ITS COVERINGS..PROFF SEQS******
• AND URETER. ITS COURSE, RELATIONS,NERVE BLOOD SUPPLY,
CONSTRICTIONS************
• CONSTRICTIONS CAME IN OUR SENDUPS*****PPUQ
• MOST FREQUENTLY INJURED ORGAN OF ABDOMEN _SPLEEN
• SITE OF KIDNEY IMPLANT _ALONG WITH REASON ***proff
• URETERIC COLIC.
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 • DIAGRAM OF KIDNEY RELATIONS
IS VERY IMP

• CHAPTER 25 SUPRARENAL GLAND AND CHROMAFFIN

SYSTEM
• Do TABLE 25.1
• DO BLOOD SUPPLY, LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE , NERVE SUPPLY OF
SUPRARENAL GLAND PROFF SEQ

• CHAPTER 27 POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL

• Less important IMP chapter
• MUSCLE TABLE FROM KLM ** IMP
• DO ABDOMINAL AORTA(ITS BEGINNING, COURSE TERMINATION AND
NAME OF BRANCHES AND STRUCTURE THEY SUPPLY )
• THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA **IMP
• LUMBAR PLEXUS
• LAYERS OF ABDOMEN

• PELVIS
• OSTEOLOGY. .do sacrum (never leave)
• .AND LUMBAR VERTEBRAE AS WELL FROM CHAP 15
• DO TABLE 15.1

• CH 28 PERINEUM
• VERY IMPORTANT CHAPTER OF PELVIS
• FIRST UNDERSTAND THIS CHAPTER
• U CAN DO IT FROM KLM AS WELL .
• DO BOUNDARIES OF PERINEUM
• Do CUTANEOUS INNERVATION
• SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP FASCIA
• PERINEAL BODY( never leave)******
• ISCHIOANAL FOSSA..VERY VERY IMP..PET SEQ ..DO COMPLETELY (never
ever leave)
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 • DO BOUNDARIES AND CONTENTS
OF DEEP AND SUPERFICIAL PERINEAL POUCH (never leave)
• PERINEAL MEMBRANE learn proper defination (never leave)
• DO PUDENDAL NERVE AND INTERNAL PUDENDAL ARTERY (ITS ORIGIN,
COURSE AND BRANCHES)
• EXTRAVASATED URINE ON RUPTURE OF URETHRA
• IMPORTANCE OF ISCHIAL SPINE
• DEFINATION OF UROGENITAL DIAPHRAGM PPUQ
• CH 29 PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATION OF BOUNDARIES
AND CONTENTS OF PELVIS
• Read the BOUNDARIES OF PELVIS
• LESSER AND GREATER PELVIS (viva)
• DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE PELVIS (VIVA)
• TYPES OF PELVIS FROM KLM( FAV VIVA QS PROFF)
• PELVIMETRY******FROM CHAP 15
• DIFFERENT DIAMETER OF PELVIS (MCQ)****

• CHAPTER 30 URINARY BLADDER AND URETHRA

• VERY IMP CHAP
• WATCH VIDEO OF SPOTTING OF URINARY BLADDER FROM YOUTUBE
• LIGAMENTS (VERY VERY imp) never leave
• ARTERIAL SUPPLY, NERVE SUPPLY, LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE,
• CAPACITY OF BLADDER
• CLINICALS
• READ URETHRA
• DO PARTS OF MALE URETHRA
• ITS BLOOD SUPPLY, LYMPHATICS AND NERVE SUPPLY (BUT LESS IMP)

• CHAP 31 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

• VERY VERY IMPP CHAP
• DO CHAP COMPLETELY
• DO EXTERNAL FEATURES, POSTION , PERITONEAL AND VISCERAL
RELATIONS
• , BLOOD SUPPLY , NERVE SUPPLY, LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF OVARIES ,
UTERUS
• FEATURE OF UTERUS AND UTERINE TUBE (viva)
• POSTION AND ANGLES OF UTERUS** IS VERY IMP-CAME IN OUR
PROFF(never leave )
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 • UTERUS SUPPORTS ,CAME IN OUR
PROFF , VIVA +SEQ (never leavee)
• DO VAGINA COMPLETELY
STRUCTURE LIGATED DURING HYSTERECTOMY(URETER)

• CHAPTER 32 MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN

• HERE MOST IMP IS PROSTATE ..ITS ZONE, LOBES, CAPSULE ****
• DO COURSE OF DUCTUS DEFEREN, ITS BLOOD AND NERVE SUPPLY
• MOST COMMON CLINICAL COME FROM THIS CHAPTER
• BENINGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY*******
• DO BLOOD SUPPLY, NERVE SUPPLY ,LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF
PROSTATE
• METASTASIS OF PROSTATE CANCER

• CHAPTER 33 RECTUM AND ANAL CANAL

• AGAIN VERY IMP CHAPTER
• FEATURES, BLOOD SUPPLY, NERVE SUPPLY, RELATIONS-BOTH
PERITONEAL AND VISCERAL,LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF RECTUM
• DO SUPPORTS OF RECTUM****VERY IMP
• ANAL CANAL (DO COMPLETELY)..
• ITS SURGICAL SPACES ARE VERY IMP*********
• DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ANAL CANAL ABOVE AND BELOW PECTINATE
LINE TABLE 33.1 (never leave)
• ANORECTAL RING
• IMPORTANT CLINICAL
• PILES/HAEMORRHOIDS
• WHY EXTERNAL PILES ARE PAINFUL BUT NOT INTERNAL PILES??

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 • CHAP 34 WALL OF PELVIS
• MUSCLES OF PELVIS DIAPHRAGM..TABLE KLM (less important)
• See netter atlas for better understanding of pelvic diaphragm
• SACRAL PLEXUS DRAW
• Read PELVIC FASCIA(JUST FOR UNDERSTANDING)
• JOINTS OF PELVIS imp
• NAMES OF BRANCHES OF INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
BEST OF LUCK AYESHA YOUNAS(B25)

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