THE HUMAN POPULATION

Robinson Q. Fabito

Lessons:

 Human Population Growth

 Human Population Dynamics
 Module 1 – The Human Population 2

What is about this module?

This module presents the basic concepts about human population. This
study will focus on population growth in the Philippine context and its dynamics
that include age structure, density, distribution birth rate, and death rate.
Studying how and why populations grow or decrease will help you make
predictions about future changes in population sizes and growth rates. Studying
population growth will also help you understand the causes of population change.

This module includes the following lessons:

 Lesson 1: Human Population Growth
 Lesson 2: Human Population Dynamics

Throughout each lesson, you will be using the 3E’s model which stands as
Explore - introduces the topic with surfacing of your prior knowledge, Explain -
processes your prior knowledge through thorough discussion with concrete
examples, and Evaluate - present various exercises where you can apply the
concepts that you learned from the module.

In order to give you a clearer instruction on how you will do each part of the
module, the following icons are provided:

This serves as the introduction of the module. It discusses what you

expect to learn and achieve in every lesson.

This is an introductory part or the EXPLORE of a particular lesson

where preparatory activity related to the lesson is given.

This is the EXPLAIN part that will tell you that you are going to read
carefully and understand the concepts that will be presented in each
lesson. This is important for you to be able to do the tasks that will
be given after.
This icon shows that you are in the EVALUATE or transfer part of the
lesson. Read carefully the given directions in each task and answer it
to the best that you can.

This section will give you the highlighted key points as summary of
the concepts discussed in all lessons throughout this module.

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 Module 1 – The Human Population 3

This will tell you that you need to take the summative test which will
try to measure your understanding of the presented concepts.

This signals that you have to do a performance task or an authentic

assessment to test the extent of your gained knowledge in this
module.

This shows the references that were used in this module for the
development and discussion of each lesson.

In accomplishing the tasks provided in each lesson, you are reminded to

CHEAT.

C – critical thinker as you are to answer all the task provided to the best
that you can.

H – honest in answering all the questions on your own without copying from
other’s work.

E – enjoy this whole new experience of learning this pandemic. If needed,

once in a while, take a break so not to stress you much in going through
this module.

A – acquire the necessary skills and learnings to maximize your experience

in this modular approach of teaching-learning process of the new
normal.

T – time-specific in finishing all the tasks that will be provided so as not to

stay long in a given lesson and that you can move to the next. You are
only given three weeks to finish one module.

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 Module 1 – The Human Population 4

Lesson 1 Human Population Growth

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to, on your own:
1. Discuss Philippine demographics, population, and life expectancy

Explore

In your own locality and community, observe the number of population and list some
of the factors you think that may have affected the increase and decrease of the
population.

Factors:
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Which of the listed factors resulted to the increase of population? How did it
increase the population?
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Which of the listed factors resulted to the decrease of population? How did it
decrease or slows down the population?
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 Module 1 – The Human Population 5

Explain

Concepts of animal population dynamics can be applied to human

population growth. Humans are not unique in their ability to alter their
environment. For example, beaver dams alter the stream environment where they
are built. Humans, however, have the ability to alter their environment to increase
its carrying capacity sometimes to the detriment of other species. Earth’s human
population is growing rapidly, to the extent that some worry about the ability of
the earth’s environment to sustain this population, as long-term exponential
growth carries the potential risks of famine, disease, and large-scale death.

Although humans have increased the carrying capacity of their

environment, the technologies used to achieve this transformation have caused
unprecedented changes to Earth’s environment, altering ecosystems to the point
where some may be in danger of collapse. The depletion of the ozone layer, erosion
due to acid rain, and damage from global climate change are caused by human
activities. The ultimate effect of these changes on our carrying capacity is
unknown.

The world’s human population is

currently experiencing exponential growth
even though human reproduction is far
below its biotic potential. To reach its biotic
potential, all females would have to become
pregnant every nine months or so during
their reproductive years. Also, resources
would have to be such that the
environment would support such growth. Neither of these two conditions exists.
In spite of this fact, human population is still growing exponentially.

Philippines Demographics

Demography is the branch of social sciences concerned with the study of

human populations, their structure and change and their relationship with the
natural environment and with social and economic change. Demographic
indicators could include population size, population growth rate, crude birth rate,
crude death rate, total fertility rate, life expectancy and infant mortality. As well,
it would include estimated and projected gender and age distributions according

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 Module 1 – The Human Population 6

to medium, high, low and constant fertility variants. In short, demographic

changes affect all areas of human activity: economic, social, cultural and political.

Those who follow this field of social science believe demographics can play
a crucial role in understanding past trends and in preparing for future
developments and policies. Furthermore, they believe that understanding
demographic developments can provide important explanations of observed
economic and social trends. Consequently, demography becomes an important
ingredient in public policy analysis and development.

The Philippines is one of the most populated countries in South East Asia,
second to Indonesia. The country’s high population results from high fertility
rates, partially because of the society’s deep Catholic beliefs, where abortion is
strictly prohibited. However, the country’s increasing population growth is
gradually slowing down that has resulted from an aggressive population control
policy driven by the government.

What makes up the Philippines’ demographics?

In the Philippines, most of the population lives in urban areas, while the
rest reside in rural areas. Since urban areas provide more work opportunities,
especially for regions such as the National Capital Region (NCR), Davao region,
and the Central Luzon, this has resulted from people looking out for greener
pastures in these areas and an income disparity among major capitals nationwide.
In addition, the country saw an increasing slum community that has been an
ongoing societal issue in major urban cities in the National Capital Region (NCR).

The slum areas in the Philippines have contributed to the global share of
the slum population in South East Asia. Although the share of the urban
population living in the slums has gradually declined, this issue has mainly
stemmed from the lack of affordable housing, despite the gradual decline of
underpaid workers in recent years. In terms of migration, the country has
developed an emigration culture, with one out of five Filipinos expressing their
wishes to move abroad. The government also relies on this emigration culture and
has positioned the country as the leading labor exporter from Asia-Pacific.

The Philippines’ demographic outlook

As the Philippines’ population was projected to reach almost 120 million by
2025, the Philippines’ government is expected to have better policies to provide a
better quality of life for everyone. The ongoing “Build Build Build” program set by
the government in 2016 has successfully generated jobs, which has resulted in a

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decreasing unemployment rate in the past years. Furthermore, the ongoing

infrastructure projects in rural areas, where completion is set to be done in the
next three to five years, would bring unemployment disparity among regions in
the Philippines, where rural areas have dominated over the years.

1. Philippine Population
In 2019, the total population of the Philippines was at approximately 107.29
million inhabitants. For the foreseeable future, the Filipino population is expected
to increase slightly, despite a current overall downward trend in population
growth. For now, the population figures in the Philippines still show a steady
increase and the country is still one of the most densely populated countries in
the Asia-Pacific region, however, all signs point to a decline in the number of
inhabitants in the long run: Just like the population growth rate, the country’s
fertility rate, for example, has also been decreasing for years now, while the death
rate has been increasing simultaneously.

One of the reasons for the

downward trend is the aging
population; fewer babies are born
each year, while life expectancy at
birth has been steady over the
years. Another reason is poor
healthcare in the country: The
Philippines have a high
tuberculosis incidence rate, a
highly infectious disease, and are
among the countries with a high
probability of death from Philippines: Total population from 2015 to 2025
noncommunicable diseases as well.

Urban Population Growth in the Philippines

The share of the urban population in the Philippines has continued to rise
over the years. As of 2019, the urban population accounted for over 47 percent of
the entire population. In the Philippines, urbanized areas were mostly found in
Metro Manila, located in the National Capital Region (NCR).

Urban areas in the Philippines have a high influx of people due to better
infrastructure and employment opportunities available. From 2011 to 2015, the
urban population growth rate was over two percent. However, from 2016 up to
2019, the population growth rate decreased and have stayed at 1.9 percent since

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 Module 1 – The Human Population 8

the Philippines’ government introduced a program called “Back to the Province”,

to reduce overcrowding in Manila.

Poverty has been one of the reasons for slum dwellings in the Philippines.
There is also a lack of affordable housing for people living below the poverty level
in urban areas, despite better infrastructures in urban areas. As a result, 43
percent of the urban population live in slums in the Philippines, one of the highest
urban population living in slums across the Asia Pacific.

2. Philippines Birth and death

The statistics shows the fertility rate in
the Philippines from 2008 to 2018. The fertility
rate is the average number of children borne by
one woman while being of child-bearing age. In
2018, the fertility rate in the Philippines
amounted to 2.58 children per woman.

In 2018, the average life expectancy at birth in the Philippines was 71.1 years.

Adolescent fertility rate in the Philippines 2008-2018

The majority of the population in the Philippines adhere to Christian faith,
where 84 percent are Roman Catholics. Despite birth control legalization in the
Philippines, abortion is strongly opposed by many due to the moral issue it poses.
The adolescent fertility rate in the Philippines was approximately 54.8 births per
1,000 women aged 15 to 19 years old in 2017.

In 2015, there were around 20 million households in the Philippines. With

the increasing population, the forecasted number of households by 2021 would
be 21.8 million. To meet the demand of the growing households, spending on food
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 Module 1 – The Human Population 9

and non-alcoholic beverages rose to approximately 2.6 billion Philippine pesos in

2019. Additionally, household final consumption expenditure continued rising
since 2010 and totaled 6.7 trillion Philippine pesos that same year.

The total number of people employed in the Philippines was around 4.3
million as of 2017. The government’s infrastructure program aimed to create
robust economic growth generated 50 thousand new jobs in the real estate sector
in the same year. Coupled with this was the decrease in the unemployment rate
at 2.5 percent, the lowest since 1999.

Under-five child mortality rate Philippines 2008-2017

In 2017, the under-five mortality rate in the Philippines was around 28.1
deaths per one thousand live births. The child mortality rate under five years old
in the country has decreased over the last ten years.

Crude suicide rate in the Philippines 2000-2016

Suicide is an act of an individual taking her or his life intentionally. It is one
of the effects of mental health illness. In the Philippines, around 3.2 deaths
relating to suicide were recorded per 100,000 inhabitants in 2016.

Across the globe, suicide is one of the causes of death among which can
occur across the board. In the Philippines, it is ranked as the third leading cause
of death among young people, beating dui Certain factors contribute to the
increase in the suicide rate, such as are depression, bullying, death of a loved
one, and trauma. These factors deliver high-risk behavior among individuals
suffering from mental health illness, and the majority consume drugs and drink
excessive alcohol.
In the Philippines, talking about mental illness is not very common and
people tend to shy away from discussing it due to the stigma connected to this
topic.

3. Age structure in the

Philippines 2019
This statistic on the right
shows the age structure in the
Philippines from 2009 to 2019. In
2019, about 30.48 percent of the
total population of the Philippines
were aged 0 to 14 years.

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 Module 1 – The Human Population 10

In 2018, the share of children amounted to approximately 31 percent of

the population. In 2009, the share of children was at 34 percent.

In 2019, the number of adults in the Philippines amounted to

approximately 63 million. This was an increase compared to the previous year.
According to the source, adults are classified as individuals above the age of 18
years.

In 2015, the share of population older than 65 amounted to about 4.6

percent. In 2100, the percentage of the population above the age of 65 was
forecasted to reach 25.6 percent. The share of the aging population was forecasted
to increase throughout the years.

In 2019, the average age of household members in the Philippines was 44

years old for women and 38 years old for men. In 2017, the life expectancy at birth
of Filipinos was 71 years old.

4. Migration
The United States reported the highest number of emigrants from the
Philippines in 2017, with over 34 thousand Filipinos choosing to live there
permanently. Although the United States was the leading country within the
ranking within the measured time period, the number of Filipinos who emigrated
to the United States has decreased compared to the previous year.

In 2017, nearly 35 thousand Filipino emigrants were living in the United

States of America. In the same year, the United States was the leading destination
for Filipinos who chose to emigrate abroad, followed by Canada.

In 2016, approximately 27.4 thousand Filipino emigrants were living in

Canada. Next to the United States of America, Canada was of the most popular
destination for Filipinos who permanently lived abroad.

In 2017, approximately four thousand registered Filipino emigrants were

living in Japan. The number of Filipinos who have chosen to live permanently in
Japan have fluctuated but generally decreased over the last ten years.

In 2017, almost four thousand Filipino emigrants lived in Australia. Apart

from the United States of America and Canada, most Filipinos who chose to live
abroad settled in Australia.

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5. Religion
As of 2015, approximately 51.1 million male population among Filipino
households had a religious affiliation. By comparison, there was almost 50 million
female population that had a religious affiliation.

As of 2015, the majority of Filipino households were affiliated with the

Roman Catholic religion. The Philippines is one of the countries in the world with
the highest population professing the Catholic faith, after Brazil and Mexico.

As of 2015, around 70 million female and male population among

households in the Philippines were affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church.
The Philippines is one of the countries in the world with the highest population
professing the Catholic faith, after Brazil and Mexico.

As of 2015, approximately three million female and male population among

households in the Philippines were affiliated with the Islam religion. The said
religion was among the religion in the country with the highest members.

Notes:
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 Module 1 – The Human Population 12

Evaluate!
Name: _________________________ Date: __________
Year & Section: _________________ Score: _________
A. Direction: Encircle the letter of your choice that best identifies what is being
asked for.
1. It is the branch of social sciences concerned with human populations and
its structure.
a. demography b. anthropology c. paleontology d. genetics
2. With the current Philippine population size, it is projected to reach almost
how many million by 2025?
a. 110 million b. 120 million c. 140 million d. 150 million
3. As of 2019, the Philippine urban population accounted for over how many
percent of the entire population?
a. 20% b. 35% c. 47% d. 65%
4. In 2018, the average life expectancy at birth in the Philippines was _____.
a. 55.1 years b. 65.1 years c.71.1 years d. 81.1 years
5. In the Philippines, around 3.2 deaths were recorded per 100,000
inhabitants in 2016. These deaths were mainly related to what cause?
a. poverty b. gambling c. addiction d. suicide
6. In 2017, nearly 35 thousand Filipino emigrants were permanently living in
what country?
a. Brazil b. USA c. Switzerland d. China

B. Direction: Answer the following briefly.

1. Discuss the growth of population in the Philippines. Does it increase in a
reasonable number or way beyond the normal? If so, what do you think are
the major causes of such increase?
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2. If there were greater number of females age 40-60 in the Philippines, how
will it affect the population size and its economic growth?
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 Module 1 – The Human Population 13

Lesson 2 Human Population Dynamics

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to, on your own:
1. Describe human population in terms of age, density, distribution, birth
rate, and death rate

Explore

Observe again your own community and answer the following questions to the
best that you know.

1. What age range (between what ages) your community mostly composed of?
What does it imply on population size?
_________________________________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________________________________

2. How are families or houses distributed in your community? In uniform

distances? Clumped? Or in random arrangement? How does it affect the
population as a whole?
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3. On your estimation, how many children are born in a year? ________

4. How many are dying in a year? __________

5. If birth rate or number of births is greater that number of deaths in your

community, how does it affect the population size?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
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 Module 1 – The Human Population 14

Explain

Human population trends are centrally important to environmental science

because they help to determine the environmental impact of human activities.
Rising populations put increasing demands on natural resources such as land,
water, and energy supplies. As human communities use more resources, they
generate contaminants, such as air and water pollution and greenhouse gas
emissions, along with increasing quantities of waste.

Age Structure
The age structure of a population is an important factor in population
dynamics. Age structure is the proportion of a population in different age classes.
Models that incorporate age structure allow better prediction of population
growth, plus the ability to associate this growth with the level of economic
development in a region. Countries with rapid growth have a pyramidal shape in
their age structure diagrams, showing a preponderance of younger individuals,
many of whom are of reproductive age. This pattern is most often observed in
underdeveloped countries where individuals do not live to old age because of less-
than-optimal living conditions, and there is a high birth rate. Age structures of
areas with slow growth, including developed countries such as the United States,
still have a pyramidal structure, but with many fewer young and reproductive-
aged individuals and a greater proportion of older individuals. Other developed
countries, such as Italy, have zero population growth. The age structure of these
populations is more conical, with an even greater percentage of middle-aged and
older individuals. The actual growth rates in different countries are shown in the
diagram below, with the highest rates tending to be in the less economically
developed countries of Africa and Asia.

Typical age structure diagrams are shown. The rapid growth diagram narrows to a point, indicating that the number of individuals decreases
rapidly with age. In the slow growth model, the number of individuals decreases steadily with age. Stable population diagrams are rounded on
the top, showing that the number of individuals per age group decreases gradually, and then increases for the older part of the population

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 Module 1 – The Human Population 15

Both age structure and age pyramids can take a variety of forms, depending
on the birth and death trends within the population, as well as a host of other
social factors. They can be:

 stable: patterns of birth and death are unchanging over time

 stationary: both low birth and death rates
 expansive: slope dramatically inward and upward from the base, indicating
that a population has both high birth and death rates
 constrictive: signaling low birth and death rates, and expanding outward
from the base before sloping inward to achieve a rounded peak at the top

Population Density
Population Density refers to the number of individuals in a particular area.
A low-density area would have more organisms spread out. High-density areas
would have more individuals living closer together, leading to greater resource
competition. Crude density may be computed from number of individuals or the
total population biomass per unit such as seven cats in a 1000 m2 compound, or
nine tons of rice per hectare of rice land. Ecological or specific density describes
the number or biomass per unit of space that is actually available to the
population. For example, all the estuarine crocodiles in the Philippines would be
crude density, which would have for denominator the total area of country's
estuarine waters; on the other hand, ecological density would be all the estuarine
crocodiles in the smaller total area of the local where they are endemic.

Population Distribution
Distribution patterns refer to how the individuals in a population are
distributed in space at a given time. The individual organisms that make up a
population can be more or less equally spaced, dispersed randomly with no
predictable pattern, or clustered in groups. These are known as uniform,
random, and clumped dispersion patterns, respectively.

Uniform dispersion. In uniform dispersion, individuals of a population are

spaced more or less evenly. One example of uniform dispersion comes from plants
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 Module 1 – The Human Population 16

that secrete toxins to inhibit growth of nearby individuals—a phenomenon called

allelopathy. We can also find uniform dispersion in animal species where
individuals stake out and defend territories.

In random dispersion, individuals are distributed randomly, without a

predictable pattern. An example of random dispersion comes from jute and other
plants that have wind-dispersed seeds or artificially dispersed by man by just
throwing the seeds anywhere in a given land area. The seeds spread widely and
sprout where they happen to fall, as long as the environment is favorable—has
enough soil, water, nutrients, and light.

Clumped dispersion. In a clumped dispersion, individuals are clustered in

groups. A clumped dispersion may be seen in plants that drop their seeds straight
to the ground—such as oak trees—or animals that live in groups—schools of fish
or herds of elephants. Clumped dispersions also happen in habitats that are
patchy, with only some patches suitable to live in.

Mortality (Death Rate)

The number of deaths in the population is the simplest measure of its
mortality. For human populations, governments usually keep detailed records of
the number and timing of deaths. But it can be more difficult to determine the
number of deaths for a livestock population, and it may be difficult or impossible
for wildlife or insect pest populations. The number of recorded deaths is analogous
to the number of cases when considering measures of disease frequency.

If the population size is reasonably stable, the number of deaths is directly

related to the mortality rate. This will usually be true for human populations, but
again much less so for wildlife and especially insect pest populations.

The mortality rate or death rate is the probability of an individual dying

per unit time. A precise estimate is obtained by dividing the number of deaths in
an interval by the sum of time at-risk over-all individuals. It is analogous to the
incidence rate, with deaths replacing cases as the numerator. Again, we may refer
to a cause-specific mortality rate, or the all-cause mortality rate.

Epidemiologists distinguish a number of different age-specific death rates for

human populations:

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 Module 1 – The Human Population 17

 The maternal mortality rate is the number of maternal deaths due to

childbearing per 1000 live births.
 The perinatal mortality rate is the sum of neonatal deaths and stillbirths
per 1000 live births.
 The infant mortality rate is the death rate of children during the first year
of life per 1000 live births. The term is also used in veterinary studies but
there is no general agreement on the period of time involved.
 The child mortality rate is the death rate of children less than 5 years old
of life per 1000 live births.

Natality
The same comments apply here as for the number of deaths. For human
populations, detailed records are usually kept of the number of births and when
they occurred, but this is less true for livestock populations - and not the case at
all for natural populations. Two terms are often used to describe reproductive
capacity:
 Fecundity (or physiological natality) is the potential level of reproduction of
a population - under ideal conditions. This is what is measured in
laboratory studies of an insect pest. For humans, fecundity is one birth per
10 months per female of child-bearing age

 Fertility (or realized natality) is the actual level of performance - based on

the numbers born. For humans the fertility rate is the number of births per
year per woman of child-bearing age. The fertility of humans is much lower
than their fecundity. Many factors can reduce fecundity to the observed
fertility level, including behavioral factors, abortions, and still-births.

A precise estimate of the natality rate (or birth rate) could be calculated by
dividing the number of births by the sum of time at risk of giving birth over all
individuals. But in practice an approximation is nearly always used, namely the
number of births divided by the average size of the population multiplied by the
time period. This gives the crude natality rate (or crude birth rate). For human
populations it is commonly expressed per 1000 of the population.

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Evaluate!
Name: _________________________ Date: __________
Year & Section: _________________ Score: _________
A. Direction: Encircle the letter of your choice that best identifies what is being
asked for.
1. Population grows and usually stop at what point?
a. Growth limit c. Carrying Capacity
b. Exponential limit d. It will not stop
2. When organisms are being spaced out equally, what dispersion pattern is
described?
a. Uniform b. Random c. Clumped d. Massive
3. When resources are not being evenly spread out in the environment, what
dispersion pattern is illustrated?
a. Uniform b. Random c. Clumped d. Massive
4. If a population has a greater death rate than the birth rate, what will
possibly happen to the population?
a. decrease b. increase c. stay the same d. none of these
5. Which of the following situations will add more organisms to a population?
a. 10 animals die c. 4 animals immigrate to the population
b. 0 animals are born d. 2 animals emigrate from the population
6. Any abiotic or biotic factor in an ecosystem that causes a population’s size
to slow or decrease is a ____________ factor.
a. Growth b. limiting c. carrying d. density dependent
7. When a population size encounters unlimited resources, it tends to grow
very quickly. This growth is called _____.
a. logistic b. drastic c. exponential d. multiple
8. If majority of members in a population is comprised of ages 0-6 years old,
how will it affect population size?
a. decrease b. increase c. stay the same d. none of these

B. Direction: Answer the following questions briefly.

1. How does age structure in a given population affect birth and death rates?
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2. How does population density relate to the distribution of population?
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Summary

 Demographic indicators could include population size, population growth

rate, crude birth rate, crude death rate, total fertility rate, life expectancy and
infant mortality.

 Age structure is the proportion of a population in different age classes.

 Population Density refers to the number of individuals in a particular area.

 Crude density may be computed from number of individuals or the total

population biomass per unit.

 Specific density describes the number or biomass per unit of space that is
actually available to the population.

 Distribution patterns refer to how the individuals in a population are

distributed in space at a given time.

 Random dispersion refers to the distribution of individuals randomly, without

a predictable pattern.

 The mortality rate or death rate is the probability of an individual dying per
unit time.

 Fecundity is the potential level of reproduction of a population under ideal

conditions.

 Fertility is the actual level of performance based on the numbers of born

individuals.

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 Module 1 – The Human Population 20

Culminating Activity
Population size in your own community (consider your neighborhood as
representative to a community) was observed to be changing. You are tasked to do a
demographics or census in order to describe the population and understand why it is
changing (may it be increasing or decreasing). You may refer to the sample survey form
below to collected the necessary data describing the population

Name:
Sex:
Male
Female

Age:
0-12
13-40
41-above

Based on the collected data on your mini census, answer the following questions below:
1. What is the total number of populations in your community? __________
2. What dominates you community, males or females? __________
3. On average, what age bracket dominates your community? __________
4. If there were greater number of females than males, what is its implication to the
population?
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5. On contrary, if there were greater number of males than females, what is its
implication to the population?
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6. If ages 0-12 dominates the population, how will population growth be affected?
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People and Earth’s Ecosystem Robinson Q. Fabito
 Module 1 – The Human Population 21

Summative Test
Part I. Multiple Choice
Direction: Choose and encircle the letter of your choice that best answer the
following questions.

1. Because of soil fertility in a given forest, trees grow abundantly in any part
of it. What dispersion pattern was shown in this scenario?
a. clumped b. uniform c. random d. altered
2. The following changes population size except:
a. migration b. births c. mortality d. dispersion
3. If the population size was 9 at time 0, 18 at 5 minutes, 36 at 10 minutes,
and 72 at 15 minutes, how long will it take the population to increase to
over 1000?
a. 5 more minutes c. total time of 35 minutes
b. about 1.5 hours d. cannot be determined from these data
4. Brgy. Asenso is composed of 50 member ages 60-70, 20 member ages 13-
35, and 30 member ages 0-10. Based on the given data, how will it affect
the population size?
a. increases b. decreases c. remains constant d. none of the above
5. Hypothetically, the municipality of Bangued has 2235 total number of
populations as of this month. If 13 babies are born every month, what will
be the total population in the month of November?
a. 2248 b. 2365 c. 2378 d. 4470
6. Brgy. Paasa decreases in population number by 50 every 3 years. If it has
500 total number of populations this year, what year will it reach the half
of the total population as it decreases continuously?
a. 2018 b. 2024 c. 2030 d. 2050
7. It refers to the maximum number of individuals of a given population that
a particular environment can support for a prolonged period of time.
a. biotic potential c. population density
b. maximum growth rate d. carrying capacity
8. As populations increase in less-developed countries, what would you expect
to happen to pollution?
a. dramatic increase c. slow decrease
b. slow increase d. There is no way to predict this
9. If a given country has a current population of 35 million this 2021 and
continue to increase every 2 years by 5 million, what year will it be to
double?
a. 2040 b. 2035 c. 2030 d. 2025
10. Which has NOT been a major cause of population explosion?
a. lower infant mortality c. improved sanitation
b. modern preventive medicine d. longer life expectancy

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People and Earth’s Ecosystem Robinson Q. Fabito
 Module 1 – The Human Population 22

Part II.
Direction: With the discussion on human population, make a concept map to
briefly summarize the topic. See sample concept map over the net for your
reference. Put your concept map on the space provide inside the box below.
(15pts.)

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People and Earth’s Ecosystem Robinson Q. Fabito
 Module 1 – The Human Population 23

References

Dransfield, Bob (2003). “Measures of mortality and natality Deaths, births, and
rates of change”.
https://influentialpoints.com/Training/measures_of_mortality_and_natali
ty-principles-properties-assumptions.htm

Ecology and the Environment. “Human Population Growth “.

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/biology2xmaster/chapter/human-
population-growth/

Sanchez, Martha Jean (2021). “Philippine Demographics”.

https://www.statista.com/statistics/761136/share-of-urban-population-
philippines/

Open Textbook (2016). “Age Structure, Population Growth, and Economic

Development”. http://www.opentextbooks.org.hk/ditatopic/35696

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People and Earth’s Ecosystem Robinson Q. Fabito