Question 1

Choose the correct answer

1- ……… program is loaded at power-up or reboot.

[ ] Kernel [ ] Bootstrap [ ] Computer [ ] Application

2- Software may trigger an interrupt by executing a special operation called a ………

[ ] System processes [ ] Database [ ] System call [ ] None of the above

3- ……… any mechanism for controlling access of processes or users to resources defined by the OS.

[ ] Supervisor [ ] Security [ ] Networks [ ] Protection

4- Small, fast memory located between the processor and main memory is called ………

[ ] WORM memory [ ] CD-RW memory [ ] Cache memory [ ] None of the above

5- ……… is a technology that allows operating systems to run as applications within other operating
systems.

[ ] Database [ ] Virtualization [ ] Wireless [ ] None of the above

6- ……… delivers computing, storage, even apps as a service across a network.

[ ] Cloud Computing [ ] Platform [ ] Infrastructure [ ] None of the above

7- ……… consists of everything below the system-call interface and above the physical hardware.

[ ] The software [ ] The kernel [ ] The system [ ] None of the above

8- ……… time it takes for the dispatcher to stop one process and start another running.

[ ] Throughput [ ] Dispatcher [ ] Dispatch latency [ ] Turnaround

9- ……… is the number of processes that complete their execution per time unit.

[ ] CPU utilization [ ] Dispatcher [ ] The kernel [ ] Throughput

10- In ………, once a process is allocated the CPU, it does not leave until terminate.

[ ] Scheduler [ ] Preemptive [ ] Non-preemptive [ ] None of the above

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Question 2
State True or False and correct the false statements
1- The main function of the operating system is to provide an interface between hardware [ T ]
and application programs used by users.
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2- Timesharing (multitasking) is logical extension in which CPU switches jobs so [ T ]
frequently that users can interact with each job while it is running, creating interactive
computing.
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3- Process is considered as a passive entity while program is considered as an active [ F ]
entity.
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4- The four main components of a computer systems are: Processor – Registers – I/O [ F ]
Modules – Main Memory
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5- Mostly accessed by programs via a high-level Application Programming Interface [ T ]

(API) rather than direct system call use.
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6- Communications provide the mechanism for creating virtual connections among [ T ]
processes, users, and computer systems.
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7- Waiting time is the amount of time it takes from when a request was submitted until the [ F ]
first response is produced, not output.
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8- CPU scheduler chooses from ready queue a job to run on CPU. [ T ]

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9- Throughput is to keep the CPU as busy as possible. [ F ]

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10- Cooperating process can affect or be affected by other processes, including sharing [ T ]
data.
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Question 3
Fill in the blanks for each of the following Figures:

Figure 1

Figure 2

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Question 4
What the different between long-term scheduler and short term scheduler?

• Short-term scheduler (or CPU scheduler)

 Selects which process should be executed next and allocates CPU.
 Invoked frequently (milliseconds) →(must be fast).
• Then, short-term scheduler (or CPU scheduler) chooses from ready queue a job to run on CPU.
•
• Long-term scheduler (or job scheduler)
 Selects which processes should be brought into the ready queue.
 Invoked infrequently (seconds, minutes) →(may be slow).
 Controls the degree of multiprogramming.
• Long-term scheduler chooses some of them to go to memory (ready queue).
•
Question 5
Using a preemptive SJF scheduling algorithm. Consider the following processes with the relative CPU
bursts.
Process Arrival Time Burst Time
P1 0 10
P2 1 7
P3 2 5

Draw the Gantt charts, and find out the average waiting time.

Process Waiting Time

P1 13−1=12
P2 7−2=5
P3 0

average waiting time = (12+5+0)/3 = 5.6667

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