2023

fIbQk f;~fynk ns/ f;ybkJh ;z;Ek

nfjwdg[o (wkB;k)
 DIET FACULTY

vkH p{Nk f;zx ‘;/y'A’ ;qH frnkBdhg f;zx ;qhwsh ;o'i okDh ;qH ;sBkw f;zx
fgqz;hgb b?euoko gzikph b?euoko nzro/Ih vhHghHJhH

vkH nzro/i f;zx ‘ftoe’ vkH eoB?b f;zx ‘t?okrh’ ;qhwsh Btdhg e"o ;qh pbd/t gqekP f;zrbk
b?euoko gzikph b?euoko g'bH ;kfJz; b?euoko G{r'b ;H;H wk;No
(v?g{N/PB) (v?g{N/PB) (v?g{N/PB) (v?g{N/PB)

;qH gfgzdo f;zx ;qH pbs/i f;zx ;qH nwBdhg f;zx ;qh wBdhg e[wko ;qh oki e[wko
;kfJz; wk;No nkoN$eokcN Nhuo JhHNhHNhH i{Bhno ;jkfJe ;/tkdko
(v?g{N/PB) (v?g{N/PB) (v?g{N/PB) (v?g{N/PB) (v?g{N/PB)
 sMdyS
is`iKAw mnu`K dy AMdr mOjUd ivl`Kx SkqIAW dw ivkws krky ausnUM hor jIvW qoN Al`g krdI hY Aqy
smwj nUM sihj rUp ivc bdlx dI smr`Qw r`KdI hY[ dyS dw Biv`K suis`iKAq nwgirkW 'qy inrBr krdw
hY Aqy nwgirkW dy cir`qr, smr`Qw Aqy Biv`K inrmwx dw piv`qr kwrj is`iKAw duAwrw hI sMBv hY[
supinAW dI pUrqI Aqy AsMBv nUM sMBv bxwaux dI klw ibhqrIn is`iKAw sMsQwvW Aqy auhnW dI kwrj-
kuSlqw 'qy inrBr krdI hY[is`iKAw dI guxv`qw Aqy srv-sul`Bqw nw kyvl ividAwrQIAW nUM jIvn
dIAW cuxOqIAW dw swhmxw krn leI iqAwr krdI hY sgoN pRiqBw-sMpMn Aqy swDn-sMpMn jIvn-Xwpn
leI vI Aiq zrUrI hY[
ijs qrWH ividAwrQIAW dy bhu-AwXwmI ivkws leI iviBMn ivDwvW Aqy klwvW dw pRXog Aiq zrUrI hY
ausy qrWH sMsQw dy mYgzIn dw pRkwSn vI auhnW dI isrjxwqimkqw, rcnwqimkqw dy pRgtwvy Aqy ivkws
leI Aihm BUimkw Adw krdw hY[
mYN izlwH is`iKAw Aqy isKlweI sMsQw, Aihmdpur (mwnsw) dy muKI fw. bUtw isMG 'syKoN' Aqy auhnW dI
smu`cI tIm nUM ies mh`qvpUrn kwrj leI vDweI idMdw hW Aqy sMsQw dy au`jvl Biv`K dI kwmnw krdw
hW[

s. hrjoq isMG 'bYNs'

qknIkI is~iKAw Aqy audXoigk isKlweI,
aucyrI is~iKAw qy BwSw Aqy skUl is~iKAw mMqrI, pMjwb

1
 sMdyS

fwiet Aihmdpur (mwnsw) auh sMsQw hY jo is`KAw dy Kyqr ivc au`qmqw Aqy sMpUrnqw dIAW swrIAW
au`cweIAW nUM CUh rhI hY, AijhI sMsQw nUM SuBkwmnwvW dyxw myry leI snmwn dI g`l hY[ipRMsIpl fw. bUtw
isMG 'syKoN' jo ik Akwdimk p`KoN bhuq hI au`qm SKSIAq hn Aqy dUsirAW leI vI pRyrnw-sroq hn, auhnW
dI AgvweI hyT sMsQw dw stwP vI Awpxy ik`qy pRqI byh`d smripq hY[sMsQw Aqy iesdy ividAwrQIAW
dIAW pRwpqIAW ij`Qy sMsQw dy AiDAwpkW dI imhnq nUM drswauNdIAW hn au`Qy hI AwLy-duAwLy dy lokW nUM
sMsQw dy vwqwvrx bwry jwxU vI krvwauNdIAW hn[mYN ies sMsQw dIAW ivl`Kx Aqy byimswl pRwpqIAW nUM
dyKdy hoey mYgzIn 'rOSn-rwh' dy pRkwSn leI smu`cy stwP Aqy ividAwrQIAW nUM mubwrkbwd idMdw hW[
Swlw! ieh sMsQw idn du`gxI Aqy rwq cOguxI qr`kI kry Aqy is`iKAw ivBwg leI rwh ruSnwaux dw kwrj
krdI rhy[

fw. minMdr isMG 'srkwrIAw'

fwierYktr,
AY`s. sI. eI. Awr. tI., pMjwb[

1
2
 do Sbd
iv`idAw mnu`K nUM Awpxy Awp nUM jwnx, Awpxy hunrW Aqy
smr`QwvW nUM inKwrn ivc mdd krdI hY[rsmI-is`iKAw
kyvl v`K-v`K iviSAW nUM pVHnw Aqy iemiqhwnW ivc cMgy
AMk pRwpq krn q`k sImq nhIN hY sgoN ieh ie`k Aijhw
zrIAw hY ijs rwhIN nOjvwnW ivc smwijk kdrW-kImqW
Aqy keI qrWH dy hunrW dw ivkws krky swfy smwj ivc smyN
dI loV Anuswr bdlwA ilAWdw jWdw hY[swfI sMsQw dw
imSn ividAwrQIAW nUM AiDAwpn dI isKlweI dyx dy nwl-
nwl auhnW ivc kdrW-kImqW pYdw krky auhnW dw cir`qr
inrmwx krnw hY[ iesdy nwl hI swfw audyS hryk
ividAwrQI dw mnoivigAwink ivkws krky auhnW nUM ie`k
sMquSt jIvn ijaux leI pRyirq krnw Aqy ividAwrQIAW
dI SKSIAq dw srvp`KI ivkws krnw hY[ies leI pwTkRm
dynwl-nwl pwT shwiek gqIivDIAW nUM vI vDyry auqSwihq
kIqw jw irhw hY[zwihr hY ik iehnW tIicAW nUM pUrw krn
leI sMsQw dI smu`cI tIm dy nwl-nwl ividAwrQIAW dy
mwipAW Aqy smudwie dw sihXog vI bhuq zrUrIhY, ijs dI
mYN aumId krdw hW[iesy smu`cy kwrj dI lVI vjoN sMsQw v`loN
'rOSn-rwh' mYgzIn dw pRkwSn ie`k ingUxI ijhI koiSS hY
Aqy Biv`K ivc vI Aijhy Xqn jwrI r`Kx dw ivSvwS
idvwauNdy hW[

fw. bUtw isMG 'syKoN'

ipRMsIpl, fwiet Aihmdpur (mwnsw)[
mu`K sMpwdk 'rOSn-rwh'

3
 sMpwdk
dI klm qoN

AiDAwpk nUM rwStr inrmwqw ikhw jWdw hY[ AiDAwpk

smwj dw pQ- pRdrSk hY[smwj ikho ijhw hovy? iesdy inrmwx 'c
AiDAwpk dI bhuq v`fI BUimkw hY[ieh BUimkw vDIAw qW hI inBweI jw
skdI hY jykr AiDAwpk smyN dw hwxIy Aqy sMvydnSIl hovygw[sMvydnw mn`uKI guxW dI
Kwx hY[ A`j dy pdwrQvwdI Xu`g 'c sMvydnw bhuq izAwdw Gt rhI hY[ ijvyN ikhw jWdw hY ik ie~k jgdw dIp hI
A`gy cwnx vMf skdw hY iesy pRkwr ie`k sMvydnSIl AiDAwpk hI A`gy sMvydnw dw vwhk bx skdw hY[ie`Qy
AiDAwpk dI bhuq v`fI juMmyvwrI bx jWdI hY ik auh sMvydnw dw vwhk bx ky Awaux vwlIAW nslW' c sMvydnw dw
sMcwr kry[
swihq nUM smwj dw SISw ikhw jWdw hY[ swihq smwj nUM syD idMdw hY[sohxy smwj dI isrjxw leI swihq v`fI
BUimkw Adw krdw hY [ kudrq ny hr mnu`K nUM isrjxhwr bxwieAw hY[ pr isrjxw leI swzgwr mhOl Aqy FukvyN
vwqwvrx dI zrUrq huMdI hY[jdoN Aijhw sMBv ho jWdw hY qW isrjxwqimk kwrj hoNd 'c AwauNdw hY[dunIAw'c bhuq
swry Aijhy 'jMglI Pu`l' huMdy hn, ijhVy ibnW mihkW mihkwieAW hI murJw jWdy hn[iesy pRkwr bhuq swry
isrjxwqimk ivAkqI vI huMdy hn ijnHW nUM FukvW mMc/Avsr nhIN imldw qy auh ibnW isrjxw isrjy hI dunIAw qoN
ruKsq ho jWdy hn [fwiet Aihmdpur ny BwvI AiDAwpkW dI swihq isrjxw leI mYgzIn 'rOSn – rwh' dy rUp
'c Aijhw mMc pRdwn kIqw hY ijs ivc aunHW ny Awpxy mn dy vlvilAW, zzibAW, puMgrdy iKAwlW nUM kivqw,inbMD,
khwxI Aqy hor swihq dy rUpW 'c pRiqibMbq kIqw hY[
isiKAwrQIAW ny ies mMc dw BrpUr Pwiedw auTwauNidAW ies mYgzIn leI AwpxIAw rcnwvW rwhIN bxdw
Xogdwn id`qw hY[ ijnHW isiKAwrQIAW dIAW rcnwvW mYgzIn dy pMinAW dw iSMgwr bxIAW hn, auh vDweI dy pwqr
hn qy jo isiKAwrQI Cpx qoN rih gey hn aunHW nUM A`gy izMdgI'c hor bhuq swry mOky imlxgy[
AKIr 'c mYN fw. minMdr isMG 'srkwrIAw' fwierYktr AYs. sI. eI. Awr. tI. pMjwb, sMsQw muKI fw. bUtw isMG
'syKoN' jI dw irxI hW ijnHW dI suc`jI rihnumweI sdkw ieh mYgzIn quhwfy q`k phuMicAw hY[ mYN mihmwn sMpwdk au`Gy
nwvlkwr sRI AzIz sroey, sRI gulwb isMG irauNd klW, sRI gurdIp isMG gwmIvwlw Aqy smu`cI sMpwdkI tIm dw idloN
Sukrguzwr hW ijnHW dy XqnW sdkw mYgzIn nUM AMiqm rUp id`qw jw sikAw hY[

igAwndIp isMG cihl

lYk. pMjwbI
sMpwdk
'rOSn-rwh'
fwiet Aihmdpur (mwnsw)

4
 ;kv/ ofjB[wk

jspRIq qlvwV, AweI.ey.AYs. gOrI prwSr joSI

pRmuK sk~qr, ivSyS sk~qr,
skUl is~iKAw, pMjwb skUl is~iKAw, pMjwb

ivny bublwnI ,AweI.ey. AYs. qyjdIp isMG sYxI , pI.sI. AYs.

fI.jI.AYs.eI., fI. pI. AweI.(sY.is.),
pMjwb pMjwb
5
 ;zgkdeh p'ov

fw. AYm.AYs. srkwrIAw vkH p{Nk f;zx ‘;/y'A’

vkfJo?eNo fgqz;hgb
n?;H;hHJhHnkoHNhH, gzikp (w[~y ;zgkde)
(;ogq;s)

;qH frnkBdhg f;zx ;qhwsh ;o'i okDh ;qH ;sBkw f;zx ;qH pbs/i f;zx
b?euoko gzikph b?euoko nzro/Ih vhHghHJhH nkoN$eokcN Nhuo
(;zgkde) (;zgkde nzro/Ih ftGkr) (;zgkde y/v ftGkr) (;zgkde ebk ftGkr)

wfjwkB
;zgkde
;qH r[odhg f;zx rkwhtkbk nIhI ;o'J/ ;qH r[bkp f;zx
nzro/Ih wk;No Bktbeko gzikph wk;No
;H;H;H okwrVQPkjg[ohnK ;H;H;H dks/tk;
lyKk dy ivcwrW nwl sMpwdkI borf dw sihmq hoxw zrUrI nhIN hY[ -mu~K sMpwdk
6
 nkU, o'PB okjK d/ IohJ/ BthAnK
ebwK B{z \[Pnkwdhd nkyhJ/ HHH
vkfJN nfjwdg[o fIbQk wkB;k dh fwnkoh ;z;Ek j?. Bkwto ;z;Ek dh jo fJekJh (fgqz;hgb
s'A ftfdnkoEh sZe) B/ w?A B{z fsnkr e/ n;hA d/ YkKu/ ftZu Yb e/, Bt/A fd;jZd/ f;oi/ jB,
ftbZyD whb gZEo ekfJw ehs/ jB. id e'Jh th gfotko w?A^tkd s'A T[~go T[~m e/ tZv/ s'A tZv/
ekoiK B{z th jZE gkT[Adk j? sK J/e/ Bkb bpo/i gfotko dh skes Gkoh gopsK B{z th fjbk fdzdh
j? s/ tZv/ ekoi th fBZe/ pD iKd/ jB. vkfJN nfjwdg[o B/ y/v rshftXhnK, tksktoB u/sBk
s/ ;[zdoheoB, nekdfwe gqkgshnK d/ go;go gkm^;fjrkwh fefonktK ftZu fiZE/ f;Zfynk
irs ftZu BkwBk yZfNnk j?, T[~E/ jh ‘o'PB okj’ w?rihB d/ ;zgkdB ekoi Bkb fJZe uzr/ok
ekoi ehsk j?. fBo;zd/j fJj ekoi fiZE/ vkfJN nzdo f;yKdo{ nfXnkgeK B{z wkBf;e ;[ji
s/ fsqgsh d/t/rk Bkb jh T[jBK B{z GftZy ftZu uzr/ b/ye pDkT[D ftZu wZddrko j't/rk.
w?rihB ;zgkdBk d/ ekoi bJh brksko fwjBs ns/ f;oV dh io{os j[zdh j?. ftfdnkoEh
;zgkdeK B/ nfXnkge ;zgkdeK dh ofjB[wkJh nXhB pj[s fwjBs ehsh j?. T[jBK B/ brksko
nkgD/ f;fynkoEh ;kEhnK B{z fJ; w?rihB ftZu fe;/ Bk fe;/ ouBk pjkB/ fjZ;/dkoh gkT[D
bJh gq/fonk j?. f;ZN/ ti'A pj[frDsh f;fynkoEhnK B/ ;kfjs d/ wjZst B{z ;wMfdnK, nkgD/
nzdobh gqfsGk ns/ j[Bo B{z ;fcnK ns/ e?Bt; ’s/ T[skfonk$fusfonk j?. w?rihB dk fjZ;k
pD/ b/yeK B/ nkT[D tkbhnK ghVQhnK d/ gE gqdoPe pDBk j?, T[jBK B{z ;/Xs eoBk j?.
fwnkoh w?rihB dh ;zgkdBk okjhA rqfjD ehs/ nB[GtK B{z :ehBB T[j ;e{bh pZfunK sZe b? e/
ikDr/. gqkgs ehsk nB[Gt T[jBK dhnK f;ZyD^f;ykT[D i[rsK ftZu th bkj/tzd j't/rk.
fe;/ g[;se iK w?rihB dh T[wo wB[Zy dh T[wo s'A th eJh r[Dk bzw/oh j[zdh j?. fgnko/
pZfuU, id s[;hA ;z;Ek B{z SZv e/ tZy^tZy ;z;EktK ftZu ik e/ ;/tk eo'r/, fiZE/ vkfJN dh
fcIk nzdohnK nkg^phshnK s/ :kdK nkg B{z ;e{B d/DrhnK, Bkb jh fJ; w?rihB dh
;zgkdBk dk nB[Gt th s[jkvh o{j B{z s;Zbh d/t/rk.
nzs ftZu vkfJN fgqz;hgb ns/ w[Zy ;zgkde ;qH p{Nk f;zx ;/y'A, (vkH) ;zgkde, ;qH frnkBdhg
f;zx s/ ;w[Zu/ ;zgkdeh wzvb B{z fdb'A w[pkoe, o'PB okj B{z fJ;sepkb. Pkbk, vkfJN
nfjwdg[o (wkB;k) nfij/ ftbZyD ekoiK Bkb Bt/A fd;jZd/, BthAnK fwZEK dh f;oie pD/.
nkwhB
wfjwkB ;zgkde ^ r[odhg f;zx, nzro/I nfXnkge, ;H;H;H okwrVPkjg[ohnK (wkB;k)
^ r[bkp f;zx, gzikph nfXnkge, ;H;H;H foT[Ad ebK (wkB;k)
^ nIhI ;o'J/, ebk nfXnkge, ;H;H;H e[bohnK (wkB;k)

7
 fibQk
f;~fynk
Nhw

s. hirMdr isMG Bu~lr sRImqI BuipMdr kOr fw ivjy im~Fw

fI.eI.E. (ss) mwnsw fI.eI.E. (AY.is) mwnsw ifptI fI.eI.E. (ss) mwnsw

s. gurlwB isMG sRI ASok kumwr ijMdl s. AmrjIq isMG cihl

ifptI fI.eI.E. (AY.is.) fI.AYs.AYm. mwnsw nYSnl AvwrfI Aqy
mwnsw styt kor kmytI mYNbr
smwrt skUl, pMjwb

8
rfDs^Gkr
nzeK dk sfb;w
19
 ftfdnkoEh ;zgkde d/ p'b HHH
;zgkdehHHH
;kv/ bJh pj[s wkD dh r~b j? fe ;kvh ;z;Ek t~b'A ;kbkBk w?rIhB
gqekfPs ehsk frnk j? fi; ft~u Gft~y d/ nfXnkgeK t~b'A t~y^t~y ouBktK
g/P ehshnK rJhnK jB.
n;hA ;kvh ;z;Ek d/ w[yh vkH p{Nk f;zx ;/y'A, w?rIhB d/ w[~y ;zgkde
;qH frnkBdhg f;zx ufjb, ;w[Zuh ;zgkdeh Nhw ns/ ;ko/ ;Nk| d/ XzBtkdh
jK fiBQK d/ T[gokb/ ;dek fJj w?rIhB gqekfPs ehsk frnk j?.
fJ; w?rIhB ftZu fi~E/ nb~r^nb~r ftfPnK ftu f;fynkoEhnK
tZb'A ouBktK g/P ehshnK rJhnK jB, T[E/ jh ;kv/ rfDs Gkr ft~u
tzB^;[tzBhnK s/ frnkB dk ukBD eodhnK ouBktK g/P ehshnK rJhnK
jB.
rfDs dk ;kv/ ihtB ft~u pj[s wj~st j?. rfDs jo fJZe ftnesh
wBgqhs e"o nkgD/ o'IkBk ihtB ft~u tosdk j?, fit/A L doih wkg b?D ;w/A, d[ekBdko
fj;kp^feskp eoB ;w/A nkfd. rfDs fpBQK ;kvk ihtB nX{ok j?. n~i d/
:[~r ft~u rfDs dh Io{os B{z nZy'A go'y/ BjhA eo ;ed/.
rfDs Gkr (nzeK dk sfb;w) ftu f;fynkoEhnK t~b'A rfDs ftP/
Bkb ;pzXs ouBktK g/P ehshnK rJhnK jB, s'A fpBK rfDs Pk;sohnK
pko/ tZvw[Zbh ikDekoh, ;"y/ sohe/ Bkb ;tkb j~b eoB/ nkfd ouBktK
fd~shnK rJhnK jB. fJ; ftP/ ftu f;fynkoEhnK B/ f;ZyD ns/ f;ykT[D
;w/A rqfjD ehs/ nB[Gt B{z PpdK okjhA g/P ehsk j?.
n;hA P[eor[Iko jK T[BQK f;fynkoEhnK d/ fiBQK B/ rfDs Bkb
;pzfXs ikDekoh ;KMh ehsh j?. nzs ftZu n;hA fJjh efjDk ukj[zdhnK jK
fe rfDs Gkr ftZu Pkwb ;kohnK ouBktK frnkB Gog{o jB. n;hA
wBgqhs e"o wfjok ;zgkdeh ekoi dk fjZ;k pDhnK, fJj sI[opk ;kv/ bJh pj[s jh tXhnk
fojk. ;kB{z wkD pyPD bJh o"PB okj w?rIhB d/ w[~y ;zgkde ih dk
pj[s^pj[s XzBtkd.
ftfdnkoEh ;zgkde,
rfDs Gkr ^
wBgqhs e"o 2020^22,
wBgqhs e"o wfjok 2021^23

20
 u now? is Like
Do yo
Who was Shakuntala Devi?
- Shakuntala Devi was an Indian Mental
Calculator and Writer, popularly known as the
'Human Computer'.
- Her talent earned a place in the 1982 edition
of 'The Guinness Book of World Records'. Math Time
- On 18 June 1983, She demonstrated the Math is like Time
multiplication of two 13-digit numbers- it never stops.
7,686,369,774,870 x 2,465,099,745,779. Math is a Book
She correctly answered- you can't close it till it's done
18,947,668,177,995,426,462,773,730 in 28 Math is like a Lottery
seconds. you can never win.
These 13-digit numbers were picked Math is a Painting
randomly by the Department of Computing at you can't lose interest in it.
Imperial College London. Math is a Smile
Sunaina , Roll No. 07, D.el.ed (1st Year), Session It can be happy and evil.
2021-23 Math is like a Glue
once you know it you can't forget it.
If we Try Math is a Roller Coaster
If we try to Learn it's exciting
Then Math is Easy Math is like Alien
If we don't Learn you don't know all about it.
Then it makes us Lazy Math is a Bag
It's sums are like a Puzzle it can hold your skills.
That makes us busy Math is like a sword
But some people think when you mess up it hurts.
It's like a horror movie
Math is a Mother
And after 10th they think
Should it continue to be? it's always there when you need it.
It should necessary upto 10th class Math is like a Rainbow
We can make it, it has a treasure in the end.
like a colourful glass
Math is easy Manpreet Singh,
We make it difficult Roll No.16, D.El.Ed. (1st Year),
And offer that time Session: 2021-23
We feel guilt
So try to make math enjoyable
And never say it Goodbye.
Amita Kaur ,
Season 2021-23

21
 rfDse p'bhnK
pkoh po;hA yZND frnk ;h
vod/ feT[A j' s[;hA w/o/ s'A,
yZN e/ fbnKdk gZs
f;~y ikUr/ ;G e[ZM w/o/ s'A . o'wB nze d/ fuzBQ j[zd/ B/ ;Zs
i'V xNkU w?A jK f;ykT[Adk,
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w?A jK nze rfDs, yZN e/ fbnKdh oZ;h
jkf;b eotkT[Adk jK ;G ƒ fi~s. fse'D d/ fszBK e'DK dk i'V j[zdk 180

pkoh po;hA yZND frnk ;h

nZr/ tZXe/ w/o/ Bkb jZE fwbkT[,
yZN e/ fbnKdk gZs
fgnko Bkb w?B{z r+/ brkU. tor d/ e'DK dk, i'V j? 360
fJzihBhnfozr dh i/ eoBh gVQkJh,
sK ed/ th Bk eoBk w/o/ Bkb bVkJh. pkoh po;hA yZND frnk ;h
w?A jK nze rfDs, yZN e/ fbnKdh yzv
jkf;b eotkT[Adk jK ;G ƒ fi~s. d' fpzd{nK B{z i'V e/, pDdk o/yk yzv

pkoh po;hA yZND frnk ;h

;G ezwK ftu d/tKrk s[jkvk ;kE,
yZN e/ fbnKdk ikb
j[D sK j~E fwbk bT[ GkJh. 4 Bkb Gkr:'r j[zdk, jo bhg dk ;kb
;hH J/H pD e/ Bkw ewk bT[ GkJh,
iK fco p?Ae dh eoBh ewkJh. pkoh po;hA yZND frnk ;h
w?A jK nze rfDs, yZN e/ fbnKdk nzp
jkf;b eotkT[Adk jK ;G ƒ fi~s. 90 fvroh d/ e'D ƒ, efjzd/ jB bzp

w/I ƒ fJzrfbP ’u N/pb efjzd/,

;G e[M f;Zy ikT[r/ w/o/ s'A,
e[o;h ƒ efjzd/ u/no
ed/ Bk voBk w/o/ s'A. u~eo dk y/socb
N?e; s[;hA fet/A pukT[Dk, gkJh nko ;e/no
ihtB ft~u bkG fet/A j?A ewkT[Dk. pkoh po;hA yZND frnk ;h
w?A jK nze rfDs, yZN e/ fbnKdh sko
jkf;b eotkT[Adk jK ;G ƒ fi~s. u~eo dk gfowkg
j[zdk j? 2r
oiBh wkiok , o'b BzL 29, ;?PBL 2021^23
fijVhnK o/yktK ed/ Bk fwbD
T[jB{z efjzd/ ;wkBnzso
j[D n;hA ;wM rJ/
w?E d/ ;G wzso
noPdhg e"o ,
nkik pzs/, nkik ;zs/, o'b Bzpo 53,
n;hA w?E ƒ gVQhJ/. ;?PB 2020^22
i/ fe;/ ƒ gVQBk BQh nkT[Adk,
wdd T[jBK dh eohJ/.
j[D n;hA w?E ftZu'A, joi's e"o
c/bQ ed/ Bk j'JhJ/. o'b Bzpo 20,
;?PB 2021^23

22
 Famous Mathematician : Aryabhatta
Introduction: Aryabhatta was born in 475 A.D. in an unknown place but
according to his book 'Aryabhatiya' he lived in Kusampura, name as Patna.
Aryabhatta was the first mathematician and astronomer of India. He had
acquired vast knowledge in the field of mathematics and also discovered
several things for which Indians feels proud.

Contributions of Aryabhatta : The major contribution of Aryabhatta was

in the field of mathematics. He invented various trigonometric function,
value of pie which influence whole science and technology. But, his
invention of place value and zero is the master strike in the domain of
mathematics. Aryabhatta was not only efficient in mathematics, also had
immense knowledge of astronomy. There are many astronomical theories
written in the book 'Aryabhatiya' are Heliocentric theory and makes the calculation about the revolution of
celestial objects and also the first scientist who describe axis of rotation of earth correctly. He also
anticipated the geocentric model of the solar system which said the earth to be the centre of the universe.
The sun, the moon, the planets rotate around it. His work was approximately accurate in astronomy. These
discovers may seem junior minor but they did change the course of the development of concepts of a
complex subject like mathematics and physics.

Conclusion: Aryabhatta is very well known as the father of Indian Mathematics. He wrote many famous
books which are treated as Bible in Mathematics. Many youngsters were inspired by Aryabhatta in the field
of mathematics. His contributions to society is highly acclaimed to date.
Parth, 2021-23

Brahmagupta
Introduction of Zero (0) to mathematics, which stood for "nothing", was the biggest contribution of
Brahmagupta. He also explained how to find the cube, cube-root of an integer and gave rules of calculation of
square and square roots.
Born : 598 AD, Bhinmah
Died : 668 AD, India
Nationality : Indian
Parents : Jishnu Gupta
Fields : Astronomy, Mathematics
Manpreet Kaur
Session: 2020-22
2021-23

23
 Gkos B/ nfij/ osB fJ; d[BhnK ƒ fd~s/ jB, fiBQK dk rfDs, ftfrnkB ns/ j'o y/soK ft~u nZi th d[BhnK
’u b'jk wzfBnk iKdk j?. Gkos d/ rfDs ;kPsoh ;qh fBtk; okwkB[iB B{z nshs dk wjkB rfDs ;kPsoh wzfBnk
frnk j?. T[j gZSw d/ r";, i?e'p ns/ :{bo tKr gqf;ZX ftfrnkBh j'J/ jB.
;qhfBtk; okwkB[iB dk iBw 22 d;zpo, 1887 ft~u j'fJnk. okwkB[iB dk rfDs dh d[BhnK ’s/ i' gqGkt j?,
T[j fpbe[b tZyoh fe;w dk j?. T[jBK dk fdjKs 26 ngq?b, 1920 B{z j'fJnk. d[BhnK ƒ okwkB[i dh rfDse p[ZXh
pko/ ;jh Yzr Bkb T[BQK dh w"s s'A pknd jh gsk b~rk. 32 ;kbK dh S'Nh T[wo ft~u okwkB[iw (1887^1920) B/
rfDs ft~u i' :'rdkB gkfJnk T[j pj[s x~N b'e nkgDh nkw bzwh T[wo ftZu eo gkT[Ad/ jB.
okwkB[iB dk rfDs d/ y/so ftZu tX/o/ :'rdkB ;zfynktK ns/ ;zfynk f;XKs ftZu fojk j?. fJ; ekoB T[BQK
ƒ ;zfynktK dk ikd{ro th fejk iKdk j?. fJZE'A s~e fe T[BQK dh w"s s'A pknd th T[BQK d/ gzi jIko s'A tZX fET{ow
gqekfPs ehs/ rJ/ jB. okwkB[iB dh Bzpo ftP/Psk pko/ ;G s'A wPj{o feZ;k jkovh okwkB[iw Bzpo ti'A ikfDnk
iKdk j?. fJ; soQK rfDs ft~u okwkB[iB B/ nB/eK soQK d/ ckow{b/, fET{owK nkfd fd~shnK. g{oh d[BhnK B{z fJ;
wjkB rfDs ;kPsoh ’s/ wkD j?.

pbfizdo e"o,
;?PBL 2020^22

rfDs dh y'i
rfDs dh y'i nZi s'A pj[s ;kb gfjbK p/phb'B,
w?;'g'NkwhnK ns/ fw;o d[nkok ftZu j'Jh. fJBQK gqkuhB
;ZfGnksktK d[nkok tofsnk rfDs ;kB{z g[oksB f;ob/yK T[Zgo
fgnkoh^fgnkoh w[zBh, d; B"A T[~Bh,
T[bhfenk fwbdk j?. ;kB{z fJ; dk nzdkIk fw;o d/ fgokfwv,
w[zBh MZb/ gZyh, thj B"A T[BZsh.
uhB dh dhtko (The great wall of China) s'A bZr ;edk
gZyh c[ZbK tkbh, shj B"A T[Dskbh, j?.fJBQK dh ;fEsh, nkeko nkfd B{z fB:zsfos eoBk, rfDs dh
w[zBh rJh rzrk, ukbh B"A T[Dzik. tos'A Bkb jh ;zGt j?. rfDs Bkb jh nkeko, bzpkJh, u"VkJh
rzrk g? rJh oks, gzikj B"A T[Bkjm nkfd dk nzdkIk bZr ;edk j?.
rzrk d/ ftZu gZEo, ;Zm B"A T[BZso. g[oksB ;fwnK ftZu b'e oZ;h T[~go rzYK wko e/, ik
w[zBh B{z fwb rJh wk;h, ;Zso B"A T[Dk;h. nkgD/ jZEK okjhA o'IkBk ihtB ftZu t;s{nK d/ nkeko dh
frDsh^fwDsh eod/ ;B. fJj g[oksB ;ZfGnksktK \k; soQK d/
wk;h dh rZb wzB t/, nZ;h B"A T[BkBt/A.
fuzBQK dh tos'A eodhnK ;B gqzs{ fjzd{ ftfrnkB fit/A
wk;h d/ g[Zs fszB t/, BZp/ B"A BfVZBt/A pqjwkr[gsk, nkohnkGZN (nze rfDs dh y'i) B/ frDsh^fwDsh
fszBK B/ yk fbnk fxT[, j'J/ g{o/ ;". B{z ;ob o{g ftZu gqdkB ehsk.
;[yftzdo e"o, "Mathematics is mother of science and technolodgy.
;?PBL 2020^22 ftPkb frZb, ;?PB 2021^23

24
 jkS'ku jkg

fganh Hkkx
gekjh jk"VªHkk"kk

;kvh okPNo GkPk

25
 jkS'ku jkg

laikndh;
gesa cgqr gh xoZ gS fd ge ftyk f'k{kk ,oa izf'k{k.k laLFkku
(DIET) vgeniqj ¼ekulk½ ds Nk= f'k{kd gSaA gekjh laLFkk ftyk
Lrj ds 'kS{kf.kd laLFkkuksa esa ls ,d gSA gekjh laLFkk }kjk ^jks'ku&jkg*
if=dk izdkf'kr djds Nk= v/;kidksa dh lkfgfR;d vfHk:fp;ksa dks
c<kok fn;k x;k gSA gekjh laLFkk izf'k{k.k ds lkFk&lkFk nSfud fd,
tkus okyh xfrfof/kvksa ds eísutj MkbZV vgeniqj ¼ekulk½ dh vksj
ls jkS'ku jkg if=dk izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA
ge laikndh; Vhe] v/;kid x.kksa vkSj if=dk dks izLrqr djus esa
jeuizhr dkSj
;ksxnku nsus okyh lHkh Nk= f'k{kdksa dk /kU;okn djrs gSaA
bl if=dk esa dbZ foHkkx 'kkfey fd, x, gSa ftlesa fgUnh fo"k;
dk foHkkx ¼vo;o½ eq[; :i ls 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA ftlds ek/;e
ls ikBdksa dh fgUnh Hkk"kk esa lkfgfR;d :fp mRiUu gks ldsA
if=dk esa Nk= f'k{kdksa us dfork,¡] ys[k] viuh ftUnxh ls tqM+s
vuqHko ij viuh ekSfyd fy[kr is'k dh gSA
if=dk esa fgUnh Hkk"kk dk vo;o 'kkfey djus dk mís';
jpukdkjksa rFkk ikBdksa dks fgUnh Hkk"kk ls tksM+us rFkk lkfgfR;d :fp
iSnk djuk gSA

jeuizhr dkSj
2020-22
izsj.kk izsj.kk
2021-23

26
 jkS'ku jkg

dksf'k'k vkxs c<+ks

;s dkfQyk eqlkfQjksa dk g"kZ vkSj mYykl ls
xqt+j gh tk,xkA rqEgsa vkxs gS c<+uk
rqe dksf'k'k rks djks gj oDr yxu ls
lc gks tk,xkA rqEgsa esgur gS djuk
le>nkj rks gks x, gks gkj ds mnkl er gks
exj 'kjkjrsa ugha cnyhaA vHkh yack lQj r; gS djuk
dkfcy rks gks x, gks g"kZ vkSj mYykl ls
exj vknrsa ugha cnyhaA
rqEgsa vkxs gS c<+uk
bZ'oj dk dSls d:¡ 'kqdjkuk
mlus cPpksa dks ek¡ ds :i esa fn;k vk,¡xs dbZ dk¡Vs jkg esa
nqfu;k dk lcls lqUnj vQlkukA rqEgsa muls ugha gS Mjuk
dk¡Vksa ls Hkjk lQj
nwljksa dh cqjkb;ksa ls igys rqEgsa g¡l dj gS iwjk djuk
mudh vPNkb;ksa dks ns[kksA
vius Å¡ps [okcksa ls igys lkeuk djds viuh eqf'dyksa dk
ek¡&cki dh dfBukb;ksa dks ns[kksA viuh eaft+y izkIr djuk
g"kZ vkSj mYykl ls
tc ejus okys Fks rqEgsa gS vkxs c<+ukA
rc irk pyk ftUnxh dh vgfe;r D;k gS
tc ek¡&cki NksM+ x, lqu;uk
rc irk pyk nqfu;k esa dqN Hkh ugha gSA Mh-,y-,M
fjaih dkSj 2021-23
2020-22

'kjhj ls fudyus okyh vkokt+sa

Sneeze Belch Cough
Nhad vkuk Mdkj vkuk [kk¡luk
Yawn Groan Grind the Teeth
mcklh djkguk nkar fdVfdVkuk
Blow Snore Snap the Fingers
Qw¡d ekjuk [kjkZVs ysuk pqVdh ctkuk gjohj dkSj
2020-22
27
 jkS'ku jkg

cky xhr v/;kid

viuk ns'k fn;k Kku dk HkaMkj gesa
ns[kks viuk ns'k gS U;kjk] fd;k Hkfo"; ds fy, rS;kj gesaA
yxrk lcdks cgqr ;g I;kjkA ges'kk vkHkkjh jgsaxs vkids
mÙkj esa fgeky; dh <ky] ftUgksaus fn;k bruk I;kj gesaA
nf{k.k esa lkxj fo'kkyA tks cuk;s gesa bUlku
iwjc dh gS NVk fujkyh] crk;s lgh xyr dh igpku gesaA
if'pe esa QSyh [kq'kgkyhA bu tSls fuekZrk dks
fpaVw fiaVw py ns[ksa bldks] vkvks djsa ge iz.kke
?kwe ?kwe dj ij[ksa bldksA lgh D;k gS\ xyr D;k gS\
iqLrd ;s lcd i<+krs gSa vki
esjh iqLrd jax&fcjaxh] >wB D;k gS lp D;k gS\
dgs dgkuh ;g lrjaxhA ;s ckr le>krs gSa vkiA
dgrh ckrsa ubZ iqjkuh] tc lw>rk ugha dqN Hkh gesa
tSls cksys nknh ukuhA ftanxh dh jkgksa dks
ijhyksd dh lSj djkrh] vklku cukrs gSa vkiA
dHkh&dHkh oks gesa MjkrhA vKku ds va/ksjs dks feVkdj
dHkh g¡lkrh dHkh :ykrh] Kku dk nhid tyk;kA
nqfu;k dh gj ckr crkrhA Hkxoku dh d`ik ls eSaus
uotksr ljks, vki tSlk vueksy v/;kid ik;k
Mh-,y-,M tks cukrk gS bUlku dks bUlkuA
2021-23 vki tSls xq: dks djrs gSa
euizhsr dkSj
ge fny ls iz.kke !
Mh-,y-,M
2020-22

1. fotsrk oks ugha tks thrk gS

ftlus gkj dj Hkh yM+uk lh[kk gSA
fopkj 4. gS vxj rqEgsa [kqn ij Hkjkslk
rks vkxs&2 c<+rk tk
2. le; dks FkksM+k le; nks] [kqn ij foQyrk ls er ?kcjk
fo'okl djks] ifjfLFkfr;k¡ Lo;a gh cny tk,¡xhA lQyrk dh vksj c<+rk tk
3. le; o Kku dk tks ftruk iz;ksx djsxk 5. gS tt+ck dqN dj fn[kkus dk latuk jkuh
oks mruk gh ,d lQy balku cusxkA rks ,d dne vkSj c<+k Mh-,y-,M
vkxs&vkxs c<+rk tkA (2020-22)
28
 jkS'ku jkg

Hkkjr ds 25 jk"Vªh; izrhdksa ds uke

Hkkjr dh jk"Vªh; feBkbZ & tysch
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; /ot & frjaxk
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; okD; & lR;eso t;rs
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; xhr & oUns ekrje~
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; fpUg & v'kksd LrEHk
Hkkjr dh jk"Vªh; eqnzk & :i;k
Hkkjr dh jk"Vªh; Hkk"kk & fganh
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; iapkax & 'kd laor
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; ukjk & lR;eso t;rs
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; iqjLdkj & Hkkjr jRu
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; xku & tu&x.k&eu
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; lwpuk&i= & 'osr i=
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; o`{k & cjxn
Hkkjr dh jk"Vªh; unh & xaxk
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; i{kh & eksj
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; Qy & vke
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; i'kq & ck?k
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; [ksy & gkWdh
Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; ioZ & 26 tuojh vkSj 15 vxLr

gjohj dkSj
2020-22
fQj ls iz;kl
1. bl ckj vlQy gq, rks D;k\ [kqn ij dj fo'okl
fQj ls iz;kl djsaxsA bls thr cuk,¡xs
n`<+ fu'p; ls bls ;w¡ gh ugha ge viuh jkgsa cnysaxsA
lQy cuk,¡xs 3. bl ckj eafty feyh ugha rks D;k\
;w¡ gh ugha ge viuh jkgsa cnysaxsA fQj ls iz;kl djsaxs
2. bl ckj gkj x;s rks D;k\ esgur o yxu ls
latuk jkuh
fQj ls iz;kl djsaxs eafty dks fQj ls izkIr djsaxs
Mh-,y-,M
;w¡ gh ugha ge viuh jkgsa cnysaxsA
(2020-22)
29
 jkS'ku jkg

ftUnxh MkbZV

cgqr ukjkt+ gks fy;k ftUnxh ls

ysfdu vc ugha gksaxsA
eaft+y ugha feysxh rks D;k
exj jkLrs rks tku ysaxsA
gkjsa pkgs thras gekjk blls
tc vk, Fks ge u, u, MkbZV esa igyh ckj
dksbZ ysuk nsuk ugha]
dqN Mjs gq, Fks] dqN lgesa gq, FksA
exj ftUnxh ds [ksy esa dqN 'kekZ jgs Fks rks dqN eqLdjk jgs FksA
gj ckj Hkkx ysaxsA tkus vutkus psgjksa dks ns[kdj
yksxksa dh ckrsa lqudj mnkl er gksuk viuk fny yxk jgs FksA
dqN gh fnuksa esa ge ,d nwljs dks tkuus yxs
D;ksafd cqjs fopkjksa dks NksM+dj ge
vkSj nksLrh dk gkFk c<+kus yxs
vPNs fopkjksa dks lkFk ck¡/k ysaxsA /khjs&/khjs ge vkil esa ,sls ?kqy fey x,
,slk rks dksbZ dk;Z ugha fd ,d nwljs dks vViVs uke ls Hkh cqykus yxs
ftls O;fDr ugha dj ldrk] rc rks Vhpj gels isj'kku gksus yxs
vkSj ge is u,&u, QkbZu yxkus yxs
'krZ mls vki vius fny esa vxj Bku ysaxsA
fQj Vhpj vkSj Hkh vPNs yxus yxs
vkt gSa vdsys bl fy, dksbZ tkurk ugha] vc tc tkus dk le; djhc vk jgk gS
exj esgurksa ds ne ij nqfu;k esa rks fny fQj ls ?kcjk jgk gS
,d fnu ge cuk 'kku ysaxsA fd dSls dVsxh ftanxh bu lc ds I;kj ds fcuk
Vhpjt+ ds nqykj ds fcuk
fcV~Vq flag
nksLrksa ds et+kd ds fcuk
Mh-,y-,M dSls vk,xk pSu bu lcds nhnkj ds fcuk
2021-23 xqjizhr dkSj
Mh-,y-,M
2021-23

30
 jkS'ku jkg

ekrk&firk dksf'k'k dj gy fudysxk

vknj djks vius ekrk&firk dk dksf'k'k dj gy fudysxk]
nqfu;k esa ewY;oku vkSj u dksbZA vtqZu lk y{; j[k] fu'kkuk yxk]
muls I;kjk] muls&U;kjk e:LFky ls Hkh fQj] ty fudysxkA
vkSj u thou esa dksbZ esgur dj] ikS/kksa dks ikuh ns]
Mk¡Vs vxj oks xqLlk er gks catj esa Hkh fQj] Qy fudysxkA
lhus esa mEehnksa dks] ftUnk j[k]
D;ksafd Mk¡V Hkh mudh I;kjh
leUnj ls Hkh] xaxkty fudysxkA
Hkys ds fy, oks Mk¡Vs gesa dksf'k'ksa tkjh j[k] dqN dj xqtjus dh]
cqjk lksps nqfu;k lkjh tks dqN Fkek&Fkek gS] py fudysxkA
bl nqfu;k esa ekrk&firk ds vykok dksf'k'k dj] gy fudysxk]
vkSj u dksbZ viuk gS vkt ugha] rks dy fudysxkA
blfy, vius ekrk&firk ls nh;k
lnk I;kj rqEgsa djuk gSA Mh-,y-,M
lanhi flag (2021-23)
Mh-,y-,M
2020-22
fu'p; dj viuh thr
NksVs ls xk¡o esa jgrs gSa]
cM+s liuksa dks ltkuk gSA
,d dksf'k'k fu'p; dj viuh thr gesa]
fj'rksa dh xgjkbZ dk eq>s tjk bye ugha] eaft+y viuh dks ikuk gSA
ij fQj Hkh okns fuHkkus dh dksf'k'k djrk gw¡A gkFkksa ls viuh fdLer fy[kdj tk,axs]
dqN fj'rs oDr ds lkFk fey x, lqudj yksxksa dh ckrsa u dHkh ?kcjk,axs]
dqN fj'rs u, cukus dh dksf'k'k djrk gw¡A ek¡&cki dk uke nqfu;k esa pedkuk gSA
[okcksa esa eq>s VwVs fj'rksa dh rLohj fn[kh] fu'p; dj viuh thr gesa]
eSa fQj 'kq# ls mldks u;k cukus dh dksf'k' djrk gw¡A eaft+y viuh dks ikuk gSA
gkSalyksa esa Hkjdj tku ?kj ls fudy tkrs gSa]
dqN fj'rs oDr ds lkFk gkj x,]
Bksdjksa ls u tkus fdruh ckj fc[kj tkrs gSaA
eSa fQj mu gkjs gq, fj'rksa dks thrus dh esgur ls viuh gkykrksa dks gjkuk gS]
,d dksf'k'k djrk gw¡A fu'p; dj viuh thr gesa]
[kq'kizhr dkSj eafty viuh dks ikuk gSA
Mh-,y-,M iounhi dkSj
2020-22 Mh-,y-,M
2021-23

31
 jkS'ku jkg

ftUnxh jksrs gq, dks fQj ls g¡lkrh gSA

Hkw[ks dks lcj djuk fl[kkrh gS] xyfr;ksa dks lq/kkj dj vkxs c<+uk fl[kkrh gS]
va/ksjs esa jks'kuh dh fdj.k fn[kkrh gSA dqfYy;ksa ls egyksa rd igq¡pkrh gSA
eqf'dyksa ds lkFk yM+uk fl[kkrh gS] ftUnxh rks tukc cl thuk fl[kkrh gS]
ftUnxh rks tukc cl thuk fl[kkrh gSA lqjt dh rjg tyuk fl[kkrh gSA
lc jkLrs can gksus ij ubZ mehn fn[kkrh gS] if{k;ksa dh rjg mM+uk fl[kkrh gS]
gkjs gq, ls fQj dksf'k'k djokrh gSA HkVds gq, dks jkLrk fn[kkrh gSA
thrus okys dh fgEer c<+krh gS] ftUnxh rks tukc thuk fl[kkrh gSA
ftanxh rks tukc cl thuk fl[kkrh gSA
chrs gq, le; dks Hkqykuk fl[kkrh gS] fjaih dkSj
[okckas dks iwjk djus dh bPNk txkrh gSA Mh-,y-,M
eqj>k, Qwyksa dks fQj ls f[kykrh gS] 2020-22

dkSu lk fMCck Hkkjh gS\ f'kdk;rksa dk ;k /kU;okn dk!

Which Box is Heavy? Complaint Box or Thank You Box!
gekjs ikl nks MCcs gksrs gSa] ,d gksrk gS f'kdk;rkas dk (Complaint Box) vkSj nwljk gksrk gS /kU;okn dk (Thankyou
Box)] ge NksVs ls cM+s gksrs gSa vkSj oks f'kdk;rksa dk MCck Hkjus yxrk gS---dHkh ;s ugha gks jgk] dHkh og ugha gks jgk&eq>s
,slk D;ksa fn;k gS\---esjs lkFk ,slk D;ksa gks jgk gS] ;g mldks D;ksa feyk] esjk dke D;ksa ugha curk] ,slh f'kdk;rsa gksus
yxrh gSA nwljh rjQ ,d /kU;okn (Thankyou Box) okyk fMCck gksrk gS] ;s nsj ls Hkjrk gSA gekjs ikl D;k&D;k gS] oks
lc cgqr nsj ls irk pyrk gS] tc ge thou ds f}r; iM+ko esa igq¡prs gSa tc /khjs&/khjs tSls&tSls mez dk lw;kLr gksus
yxrk gS] vkSj rc tkdj /kU;okn (Thank you) cksyus yxrs gSa] vxj nks oDr [kqn dh dekbZ dh nky jksVh [kk ldrs gksa-
--ek¡ ds gkFk dk [kkuk feyrk gks rks mldk /kU;okn cksyus yxrs gSa---vxj jksxeqDr 'kjhj gks] thou :ih e'khu ds lkjs
iqjts lgh py jgs gksa rks mlds fy; /kU;okn fudyrk gS (Thank you) fudyrk gS eq¡g lsA vxj ,d lPpk I;kjk&lk
nksLr gks] ftlds da/ks ij vki lj j[kdj jks ldrs gks] tks vkids vius gksa] tks vkidh [kq'kh esa vkils T;knk [kq'k gks] rc
Hkh (Thank you) fudyrk gS eq¡g lsA ;s nks MCcs gksrs gSa thou esa dksf'k'k djas fd fu;kerksa dh vksj T;knk ns[ksa f'kdk;rsa ds
fMCcs dks [kkyh dj fuErksa ds fMCcksa dks Hkjuk fla[ks A
cgqr etk gS cgqr gYdk eglwl djsaxs vki] dksf'k"k djds ns[ksaA
izsj.kk
jksy ua- 47
2021-23

32
f;~fynk ns/ f;ybkJh Gkr
Bt/A ;zebg, Bt/A okj

33
 rOSn rwh

ftfdnkoEh ;zgkdeK d/ Ppd

fIbQk f;Zfynk ns/ f;ybkJh ;z;Ek vkfJN nfjwdg[o ftZfdne
y/so ftZu fJZe uzrh gfjukD oZydh j?. ftZfdne y/so ftZu ;z;Ek tZb'A
w?rIhB gqekPs eoe/ fJZe BthA g[bKx g[ZNh ik ojh j?. n;hA vkfJN
nfjwdg[o d/ f;fynkoEh fJ; ;z;Ek dh ofjB[wkJh eo oj/ fgqz;hgb vkH p{Nk
f;zx ;/y', w[Zy ;zgkde ;qH frnkBdhg f;zx ufjb ns/ ;w[Zu/ ;zgkdeh wzvb d/
sfj fdb'A XzBtkdh jK fiBQK d/ T[gokb/ ;dek jZEbk w?rIhB gqekfPs ehsk ik
fojk j?. tZy^tZy y/so s/ tzBrhnK ftZu o[uh oZyD tkb/ ftfdnkoEhnK
dhnK fbysK B{z fJ; w?rIhB ftZu ;EkB fdZsk ik fojk j?.
ftfdnkoEh^ihtB fIzdrh dk ;G s'A wjZstg{oB gVkn j[zdk j?.
fJ; gVkn ftZu ftfdnkoEh fiZE/ nkgD/ T[~itb GftZy bJh ;[fjod :sB
eo fojk j[zdk j? T[~E/ e[ZM gqftoshnK ;fji/ jh T[; d/ ihtB dk nzr pD
ojhnK j[zdhnK jB.
;kvh ;z;Ek f;Zfynk d/ y/so ftZu nfjw o'b fBGk ojh j?.
f;fynkoEh iK ftfdnkoEh bJh fe;/ okj d;/o/ iK gE gqdoPe s'A fpBK
jogqhs f;zx frnkB jk;b eoBk, jB/o/ ftZu sho SZvD ;wkB j[zdk j?. f;ZfyneK dh
ofjB[wkJh s'A fpBK f;Zfynk gqkgsh nX{oh ikgdh j?. wkD ns/ cyo dh rZb
j? fe ;kvh ;z;Ek ;otgZyh frnkB Bk+ ;oPko eo ojh j?.
n;hA ;wMd/ jK fe d/P ns/ ;{p/ B{z i/eo T[~Bsh tZb b? e/ ikDk j? ns/
nkT[D tkbhnK ghVQhnK d/ bJh frnkB ns/ ;ZfGnkuko dk wip{s nXko
fsnko eoBk j? sK f;Zfynk d/ y/so ftZu wip{s ns/ r[DtZsk Gog{o BhshnK
fsnko eoBhnK g?DrhnK. ;kvh ;z;Ek f;Zfynk ns/ ;ZfGnkukoe
rshftXhnK ftZu nfjw Gkr/dkoh oZydh j?. jo ;kb f;fynkoEh nkgDk
;?PB g{ok eoe/ fJZE'A wkDwZsh ftdkfJrh b? e/ ;wki ’u ;/tk eoB iKd/ jB.
;z;Ek fJZe uzr/ nfXnkge g?dk eodh j?.
frnkB^toXe fJ; w?rihB d/ e[Zb B"A Gkr jB, p/PZe ;oho d/ nzrK
tKr jo Gkr dk nkgDk wjZst j? go n;hA nkgD/ fJ; Gkr, f;Zfynk ns/
f;ybkJh okjhA ‘Bt/A ;zebg ns/ Bt/A okj’ bZGD dk :sB ehsk j?. ;kvh
;z;Ek dk th Nhuk j?, fBZro ;wki dh T[;koh bJh, uzrh f;Zfynk dk gk;ko
eoBk. fJ; Gkr ftZu n;hA f;ZfynkdkfJe nkoNheb, ihtB^:kdK,
f;ZyD^f;ykT[D Yzr nkfd B{z Pkfwb ehsk j?. T[whd j? nkg bJh th ;kvk
i;gkb f;zx fJj ;?ePB bkj/tzd j't/rk.
ftfdnkoEh ;zgkde,
f;Zfynk ns/ f;ybkJh Gkr
jogqhs f;zx 2020^22,
i;gkb f;zx 2021^23

34
 rOSn rwh

My DIET
My Pride
I can't express my views on this institution in just one sentence. Because it have a lot to say.
As we know, for every student, the institution which he\she belongs is very special. Same goes to
me. If I talk about the outer structure and appearance of My Diet. It is so pretty and beautiful and
huge in size. In our diet, there are a lot of facilties for students and it is fully equipped with gadgets
and required essentials. Not only good physical structure, but the environment of our institution is
also amazing. Our Diet helps us to attain the knowledge and it boosts our personality. Here, not
only academic study is promoted but, there are a lot of extra curricular activities that in our diet. It
helps us in overal development. In our diet, we have very experienced teachers who help us in
each and every field. We have just two years to spend in this institution, and we will do our best to
outsshine our diet.
Gurpreet Kaur
D.EL Ed. 2021-23)
Roll No. 01

w?A th nfXnkge pDKrh

fJZe nfXnkge ftfdnkoEh B{z gVQkT[Adk j?. T[BQK dk wkor^doPB
eodk j?. fJ; bkfJe pDkT[Adk j? fe T[j nkgD/ ihtB^ftZu nZr/ tZXD.
ed/^ed/ w?A ;'udh jK fe id w?A fJZe nfXnkge pDKrh sK pZfunK B{z
fe;^fe; sohe/ Bk+ gVQktKrh < fJ; pko/ ;'udh jK. fInkdk s'A fInkdk
pZu/ fe; Yzr Bk+ gVQ ;eDr/ < fizBQK e'b ni/ sZe f;Zfynk BjhA gj[zuh. id
w?A fJZe nfXnkge pDKrh sK pZfunK B{z ;w/A dh edo f;yktKrh, fgnko
Bk+ gVQktKrh. T[BQK B{z ;w/A f;o ezw eoBk f;yktKrh. pj[s finkdk xo dk
ezw BjhA d/tKrh. fJZe S'Nk pZuk fgnko Bk+ f;Zydk j? Bk fe wko Bk+.
pZfunK Bk+ w/b^fwbkg tXktKrh. T[BQK dk pj[s fynkb oZyKrh. T[BQK B{z
uzrk Bkrfoe pDktKrh. ;"y/ s'A ;"y/ sohe/ Bk+ ;wMktKrh. pZfunK *u
nkg;h MrVk j'D ’s/ fgnko Bk+ ;wMktKrh ns/ d'jK dh pokpo rZb
;[DKrh. pZfunK Bk+ pZu/ pDKrh ns/ T[BQK dh d';s pDe/ rZb ;[DKrh.
gfjbh tko *u pZu/ d/ e[ZM Bk ;wM nkT[D s/ d[pkok ;wMktKrh. T[jBK B{z
jw/Pk uzr/ ;[Mkn d/tKrh. uzrhnK rZbK s/ uzrhnK nkdsK^f;yktKrh.
feskph frnkB d/ Bk+^Bk+ fIzdrh fiT[D dk frnkB d/tKrh. gVQkJh eoe/
T[j eh pD ;ed/ jB< T[BQK d/ nZr/ tXD dk ;kXB pDKrh. id w?B{z
nfXnkge pDB dk nt;o fwb/rk sK fJ; s'A tZX y[Ph dh rZb j'o BjhA
j't/rh.
wBdhg e"o,
;?PB 2020^22

35
 rOSn rwh

p?e p?Auo

iwks ftZu fgZS/ p?mD tkb/ T[ukJhnK S{j ;ed/ jB.

ne;o fejk iKdk j? fe fJZe ftfdnkoEh fgZS/ sK jh p?mdk j? fe T[j gVQkJh ftZu fdbu;gh BjhA oZydk j?. T[j e[~M gVQ e/
BjhA nkfJnk sK b[Ze e/ fgZS/ p?m frnk j?. ;wki d/ ftZu fgZS/ p?mD tkb/ B{z fe;/ ekfpb BjhA ;wfMnk iKdk j?. ebk; d/ fgZS/ p?m/
pZfunK B{z 'Back Bencher' fejk iKdk j?. T[; B{z BbkfJe ;wfMnk iKdk j?.
go fJj efjDk pj[s rbs j?, fgSb/ v?;e ’s/ p?mD tkb/ pZu/ th d[BhnK ftZu nkgDk Bkw pDk ;ed/ jB. vkH npd[b ebkw
ih B/ th fejk ;h, d/P dk ;G s'A tXhnk fdwkr ebk;^o{w d/ ftZu fgZS/ p?m/ pZu/ iK fJZe ebk; o{w s'A pkjo th fwb ;edk j? i' fe
T[jBK B/ ;kfps eoe/ fdykfJnk ;h. id'A T[j T[Zu^xokD/ d/ pZu/ Bk+ nZr/ p?me/ gVQ oj/ ;h sK T[; d/ nfXnkge B/ T[jBK B{z fgSb/
v?;e ’s/ p?mD bJh fejk. T[; ;w/A T[jBK B/ mkD fbnk fe fgZS/ p?mD tkbk th d[BhnK ftZu nkgDk Bkw o"PB eo/rk, i' fe nZi d/ ;w/A
;G s'A wjkB ftnesh d/ BK Bk+ ikD/ iKd/ jB.
fJ; eoe/ ;kB{z ;wM b?Dk ukjhdk j? fe fJZe fgSb/ v?;e ’s/ p?mk pZuk e[M th eo ;edk j?. id'A vkH npd[b ebkw ih fgZS/
p?m e/ d[BhnK ftZu nkgDk Bkw pDk ;ed/ jB sK T[jBK tKr e'Jh j'o feT[A BjhA eo ;edk. fJ; bJh ;kB{z nkgD/ wB ftZu jw/Pk bJh
fJj XkoBk pDk b?Dh ukjhdh j? fe fgZS/ p?m/ th T[ukJhnK S{j ;ed/ jB.
wBgqhs e"o,
2022^22, o'b BzH27

nkJhfbN; eh j? <
nZi^eZbQ gzikphnK dh wkBf;e ;'u pdb rJh j?. pkjob/ oj/ jB T[BQK B{z nekdfwe ftZu fInkdk nze gqkgs eoB/ g?Ad/
d/PK s'A nkJ/ b'eK e'b ftd/PK d/ feZ;/, g"vK^ vkboK dk bk+u jB.
uzr/ ihtB dh nk;, nkgD/ pZfunK dk ;[Bfjok GftZy T[BQK B{z fJ; dk w[bKeD^ gqhfynk ftZu 9 p?Av gqkgs eoB
ftd/P ikD bJh gq/fos eodk j?. tkb/ ftnesh B{z fBg[zB ;wfMnk iKdk j?. 7H8 p?Av gqkgs eoB
eJh G'+/^Gk+/ b'e rbs J/izNK d/ ikb ftZu c; iKd/ tkb/ B{z th uzrk T[g:'rh wzfBnk iKdk j?. 6 p?Av gqkgs eoB
jB i' nkgDk ihtB ns/ g?;/ \okp eo b?Ad/ jB. fco T[BQK gZb/ tkbk ftnesh th pkjo ikD d/ :'r wzfBnk iKdk j?. fJ; s'A
gSsktk ofj iKdk j? fJ; bJh fpjso j? nkJhfbN; dh xZN p?Av gqkgs eoB tkb/ ftnesh B{z n:'r wzfBnk iKdk j?.
gqhfynk B{z gk; eoe/ ikfJnk ikt/. nkJhfbN; dk wsbp j?L^ gqhfynk eotkT[D tkbhnK ;z;EktKL^
(International English Language Testing System). ftd/P d' ;z;EktK fJ; g/go B{z eotkT[dhnK jB.
ikD bJh fJ; B{z gk; eoBk nfs Io{oh j?. fe;/ th w[be ftZu 1 fpqfNP e"A;b (British Council)
ikD bJh T[E'A dh GkPk B{z f;ZyDk pj[s Io{oh j? i' fe fJ; 2 nkJhHvhHn?~c nk;N/qbhnk (IDF Australia)
ftZu f;ykfJnk iKdk j?. fJ; fJwfsjkB B{z uko tZy^tZy fJBQK d/ BshfinK dk n?bkB seohpB 15^17 fdBK
GkrK ftZu tzfvnk iKdk j?. fit/A^ gVQBk Reading, fbyDk ftZu eo fdZsk iKdk j?. Gkos ftZu fJ; g/go dh |h;
Writing ;[DBk Listening p'bDk Speaking. fJj gqhfynk d' soQK 7000^7200 o[gJ/ j?.
dh j[zdh j?, iBob ns/ nekdfwe. iBob nekdfwe d/ Btdhg f;zx,
w[ekpb/ ;"yh j[zdh j?. fijV/ ftnesh gVQkT[D bJh pkjo ik 2020^22, o'b BzH 47

36
 rOSn rwh

o"PB dht/
nfXnkge T[j w'wpZsh tKr j[zdk j? i' \[d ibe/ d{i/ B{z o'PBh fdzdk j?. fJZe nfXnkge jh j? i' ;kB{z fIzdrh fiT[D d/ s"o sohe/
f;ykT[Adk j?. fJZe nfXnkge B{z okPNo dk fBowksk fejk iKdk j?. fJZe vkeNo s'A ngo/PB eoB bZr/ }bsh j' ;edh j? go i/ fJZe
nfXnkge s'A rbsh j' ikt/ sK fszB^fszB ghVQhnK dk GftZy \okp j' ;edk j?. i/eo fJZe nfXnkge ;kvh fIzdrh ftZu BjhA j't/rk sK
;kvh fIzdrh jB/o/ ewo/ dh soQK j?. gVQkT[Dk jo fe;/ d/ tZ; dh rZb BjhA, gVQkT[Dk fJZe ebk j? i' e/tb fJZe uzrk nfXnkge jh
rqfjD eodk j?. nfXnkge T[; ftnesh B{z fejk ik ;edk j? i' Bk e/tb feskph frnkB d/t/ ;r'A ;kB{z fIzdrh dhnK w[PfebK, B?fse
edoK ehwsK nkfd pko/ f;ykt/. T[j rohp pZfunK dh jo tes wZdd fJZe uzr/ wB'ftfrnkBh dh soQK eo/ feT[Afe fJe wB'ftfrnkBh
jh pZfunK dhnK GktBktK B{z ;wM ;edk j?. w/oh gfjbh nfXnkge w/oh wK jh ojh j? feT[Afe w?A E'VQk b/N ;e{b gVQB bZrh ;h. i/eo
e'Jh w?B{z nfXnkge s/ wkfgnK ftZu'A fe;/ fJZe dh u'D eoB B{z ej/ sK w?A w/o/ nfXnkge dh u'D gfjbK eoKrh feT[Afe w?A nZi i' th jK,
f;o| nkgD/ nfXnkgeK ekoB jh jK. i/ e'Jh th fJj ;'udk j? fe e'Jh th ezw fpBQK nfXnkge s'A tXhnk Yzr Bk+ eo bt/rk sK fJj
rbs j?. ;r'A nfXnkge dh wZdd Bk+ n;hA jo fJZe n"y/ s'A n"yk ezw ;[y?B sohe/ Bk+ eo ;ed/ jK. nfXnkge irwrkT[Ad/ ewo/
tork j? i' ;kv/ jB/o/ ihtB B{z o[PBkT[Adk j?.
;[ygqhs e"o,
2020^22, o'b BzH 49

rqfjnK d/ Bkw eqwtko :kd eoB dk ;ob sohek

My - M means Mercury (p[ZX)
Very - V means Venus (P[Zeo)
Efficient - E means Earth (Xosh)
Mother - M means Mars (wzrb)
Just - J means Jupiter (pqfj;gsh)
Served - J means Saturn (PBh)
Us - U means Uranus (no[D)
Nuts - N means Neptune (to[D)

Arshdeep Kaur,
Session 2020-22,
Roll No. 53

37
 rOSn rwh

Importance of Education
Why is education Important ?
* Education gives us knowledge.
* Education teaches us lessons of humanity.
* Education contributes to human development.
* Education gives us indentity.
* Education Highlits the human talents.
* Education leads to innovations and discoveries.
* Education develop a meaningful outlook of life.
* Education comprises good thoughts in human being.
* Education gives us how to work properly, how to make decision.
* Education develops a meaningful outlook of life understanding.
Bti's ;o'J/,
(2021^23), o'b BzH 2

w/ok ;[gBk L vkfJN nfjwdg[o ftZu'A gVQBk

w?A 2015 ftZu frnkoQthA ebk; *u gVQdh ;h. T[d'A vkfJN dhnK f;fynkoEDK Nhfuzr gq?efN; bkT[D bJh ;kv/ ;e{b ;oekoh
;?ezvoh robI ;e{b ccV/ GkJhe/ nkJhnK ;B. T[j bVehnK gfjbK ;kv/ ;e{b ftZu'A jh gVQ e/ rJhnK ;B. T[BQK B{z t/y e/
bZfrnk, w?A th JhHNhHNhH(Now D.El.Ed) eoz{rh ns/ S/sh^S/sh w?vw bZr iktKrh. 2017 ftZu w?A pkothA gk; ehsh. w?A
D.El.Ed d/ dkyb/ y[ZbQD dk p/;poh Bk+ fJzsIko ehsk. id'A nkBbkJhB ofi;N/qPB j'D bZrh sK w?A th ofiPNq/PB eotkJh.
w?foN fb;N ikoh j'D ’s/ wA? nfjwdg[o vkfJN ’u ekT{A;fbzr bJh nkJh. go w?B{z vkfJN nfjwdg[o ftZu dk\bk Bk
fwfbnk. w?B{z pVk d[Zy j'fJnk fe w/oh Addmission BjhA j'Jh. w?A fco phHJ/H ftZu dk\bk Go fdZsk. phHJ/H dk fJZe ;kb
eoB fgZS'A fJZe c/o D.El.Ed dh nkBbkJhB ofi;Nq/PB eotkJh, w?B{z c/o th nfjwdg[o vkfJN ftZu dk\bk Bk fwfbnk s/ wB
pVk T[dk; j'fJnk. oZp nZr/ fJjh nodk; ehsh i/ fJ; tko BjhA sK nrbh tko gZek w/ok vkfJN nfjwg[o ftZu dkybk j'
ikt/. fJ; soQK w?A nkgDh phHJ/H g{oh ehsh ns/ fJ; tko fco nk;tzd j' e/ D.El.Ed d/ dkyb/ bJh p/;poh Bk+ fJzsIko ehsk.
id'A dkyb/ bJh ofi;Nq/PB y[ZbQh sK w?A ofi;Nq/PB eotkJh ns/ vkfJN *u ekT{A;fbzr *s/ nkJh go fJ; tko w/oh oZp B/ B/V/ j'
e/ ;[D bJh s/ w/ok dkybk vkfJN nfjwdg[o ftZu j' frnk. w/ok fJZe'^fJZe ;[gBk ;h, D.El.Ed eoBh n? sK vkfJN
nfjwdg[o ftZu jh eoBh n?, j'o fes/ BjhA. w/ok ;[gBk ;keko j'fJnk sK T[; fdB w/o/ Xosh ’s/ g?o BjhA ;h bZr oj/.
nwBdhg e"o,
2020^22, o'b BzH 19

38
 rOSn rwh

nkU ftfrnkB d/ o"fue sohe/ f;ZyhJ/

eke/ ^ K ^ g'NkPhnw fefonkPhbsk bVh L (The Reactivity Series)
B/ ^ Na ^ ;'vhnw fefonkPhbsk bVh T[j ;{uh j? fi; ftZu XksK B{z T[BQK dh
fefonkPhbsk d/ nkXko ’s/ xZNd/ eqw ftZu oZfynk frnk
eko ^ Ca ^ e?bPhnw
j?. T[gozs j/mbh bVh B{z fsnko ehsk frnk j?, fi; B{z
wzrh ^ Mg ^ w?rBhPhnw
fefonkPhbsk bVh efjzd/ jB.
nbN' ^ Al ^ n?b{whBhnw
ikDk ^ Zn ^ fize (fi;s)
c/oh ^ Fe ^ nkfJoB (b'jk)
gkT[D ^ Pb ^ b?Zv (f;Zek)
jfonkDk ^ H ^ jkJhvq'iB
S[ZNh ^ CU ^ ekgo (sKpK)
j?rh ^ Mg ^ woeoh (gkok)
nk ^ Ag ^ f;bto (uKdh)
nZi ^ PAv ^ r'bv (;'Bk)
;[ygkb e"o,
;?PB 2021^23

f;Zfynk fIzdrh dk rfjDk

fJZe nkw fJB;kB s'A \k; pDkT[Dk,
;G dhnk BIoK *u T[Zuk T[mkT[Dk,
fIzw/tkohnK B{z fdb'A fBGkT[Dk,
rbshnK ;[Xko e/ nZr/ nkT[Dk,
f;Zfynk okjhA fIzdrh fiT[ADk.
fe;/ dk fwjDk ed/ Bk ;fjDk,
nkdsK B{z pdbd/ ofjDk.
wzIbK B{z ;o eo b?Dk,
w[;phsK Bk+ bVd/ ofjDk.
f;Zfynk fIzdrh dk rfjDk.
p'bD dk ;bhek nk ikDk
wzfIbK B{z jZ; e/ gk ikDk.
uzr/^wkV/ dh ;wM nk ikDk,
bzwhnK T[vkohnK bk ikDk. fozgh e"o,
f;Zfynk okjhA ;G e[M gk ikDk. ;?PB 2020^22,
o'b BzH 4

39
 rOSn rwh

nk;^T[whd
nk; dk noE j?^ GftZy pko/ ;kekokswe Yzr Bk+ ;'uDk. jo wB[Zy dk
ihtB nk; d/ ;jko/ jh uZbdk j?.id'A fJZe pZu/ dk iBw j[zdk j? sK ;ko/ gfotko
B{z xo ftZu y[Ph dh nk; j[zdh j?. fit/A^fit/A pZuk tZvk j[zdk j?. T[; B{z
nkgD/^nkg s'A nk;K tXDhnK P[o{ j' iKdhnK jB. T[dkjoD d/ s"o ’s/ gfjbK
wB[Zy ;kFJeb f;ydk j? c/o ;e{Noh iK w'No;kfJeb ns/ fco eko.
wB[Zy dh tZXdh T[wo d/ Bk+ T[; dhnK nk;K^T[whdK nkgD/^nkg s'A
ns/ d{finK s'A pdbdhnK ofjzdhnK jB. wB[Zy fwjBs dh e[zih Bk+ nkgDhnK
nk;K B{z g{ok eodk j? sK T[; nzdobh nkswk B{z PKsh fwbdh j?. fJZe g[Zso s'A
T[; d/ wksk^fgsk B{z pj[s T[whdK j[zdhnK jB. fit/A fe T[; dk ofjD^;fjD
tXhnk j't/, T[; dh ;wki ftZu gfjukD j't/. fJj nk;K th wB[Zyh^gqftosh dh
gfjukD jB i/eo fJj Bk j'D sK wB[Zy fJZe fIzdk^bkP pD ns/ y[PhnK B{z rb/
brkU. nk; ftZu jh v{zx/ ftek; dk G/s b[fenk j'fJnk j?.
Btdhg f;zx, 2020^22, o'b BzH 47

nksw^pb
n;hA ne;o ;[Dd/ jK fe nksw^pb ;cbsk dh e[zih j?. i/eo ;kv/ ftZu nksw^pb
j? sK ;cbsk ;kv/ edw u[zw/rh. go nkswpb eh j?< fJj fet/A tZXdk j?< fJj feZE/
j?< fJ; pko/ pj[s jh xZN b'eK B{z gsk j?.
n;hA j[D nksw^pb pko/ ikDd/ jK nksw^pb s'A Gkt j? nkswk dk pb iK nkswk dh
Pesh.
fit/A Xosh ftZu gkDh, d[ZX ftZu fxU j?, T[; soQK nkswpb ;kv/ nzdo j?. fit/A
Xosh ftZu'A gkDh, d[ZX ftZu fxU eZYD dh ftXh j?, gqfefonk j?, T[;/ soQK nksw^pb
tXkT[D dh th fJZe gqfefonk j?. fi;B{z w?vhN/PB (Meditation) efjzd/ jB. w?vhN/PB
s'A Gkt j? nkgD/ fXnkB B{z fJekro eoBk. o'IkBk w?vhN/PB eoB Bk+ nksw^pb
tZXdk iKdk j? ns/ brkso nfGnk; Bk+ fJj uow ;hwk sZe gj[zu iKdk j?.
nksw^pb Bk+ ;kv/ nzdo nksw^ftPtk; g?dk j[zdk j?. n;hA fe;/ th ezw B{z
;|bskg{ote eo ;ed/ jK. nksw^pb d/ ;jko/ n;hA ;|bsk dhnK g"VhnK uVQ
;ed/ jK. i/eo ;kv/ nzdo e'Jh p[oh nkds j? ns/ n;hA T[; B{z SZv BjhA gk oj/, sK
T[; s'A fBiks gkT[D dk sohek j? ^ w?vhN/PB fi; Bk+ ;kv/ nzdo nksw^pb nkt/rk
ns/ n;hA T[; p[oh nkds s'A S[Nekok gk ;ed/ jK. nksw^pb Bk+ n;hA jo w[;hps
dk vN e/ ;kjwDk eo ;ed/ jK. nksw^pb Bk+ ;kvk ;oho wIp{s j' iKdk j?.
ukjs e[wko ror,
;?PB 2021^23

40
ENGLISH SECTION
nzro/Ih Gkr
fd;j~fdnK s'A gko

41
 Editorial
“If you want to change the world,
pick up your pen and write”

Dear Readers
An academic magazine prepares its contributors to participate and
reflect whatever is going around them which affect their lives. The effort
of every educator is to unlock the hidden treasure of their learners and
our Institute is an excellent example of vibrancy and dynamism; where
the talent is carefully nurtured; where the conducive learning
environment is provided; whereby pupils are motivated to develop the
fine attributes of head and heart to be future ready.
This magazine is an outlet for even the most hesitant child to express his
ideas. Language is at its best when used to find the best in oneself.This
magazine is a platform here to emote the power of words; an exposure to
use their brain to come out with good piece of writing. We allowed the
Saroj Rani buddy minds to roam freely in the realm of imagination to create a world
of beauty in words that you can see in their juvenile creations.
It is a great privilege for me to be the Editor of English section of the
magazine in your hands. I compliment the Chief Editor and all
contributors for their undaunted efforts put forth in this publication. I
extend my heartfelt gratitude to our worthy Principal Dr. Buta Singh
Sekhon for his invaluable inputs and navigation in the fruition of the
magazine.
I hope this venture of ours will find a distinctive place in your hearts. We
are here with our students' expressions through their poems, riddles,
informative and inspirational articles. As English is not native to us, so
there is possibility of many mistakes and usage of inappropriate
vocabulary but we can't allow these challenges to pull back the students
from moving forward in life, thus I on the behalf of young authors take the
obligation of yours to overlook all these aberrations. Your valuable inputs
will be heartily welcomed by us. Enjoy reading!
Saroj Rani
Lec. English
DIET Ahmedpur

42
 Student Editorial
We are very happy that the magazine 'Roshan Rah' is being
published by DIET Ahmedpur, Mansa. This magazine will show
you the glimpse of the creativity of the trainees, the teachers
and the editors. As the future will favour the multitalented
people in multiple domains, the teachers hunt down the
students' talent to shine bright like a diamond. It is a great
opportunity for us to get the chance to write the preface of the
magazine. The purpose behind all the activities is to bring out
the talent from the blooming minds, to help them to walk in
literary world. The whole content is prepared as the part of our
training in the D.El.Ed course. This magazine is prepared with
the view to include the details, so that everyone can
understand the motive behind all the unique writings. We
Ikreet Kaur would like to appreciate all the students who tried to give their
best to pass with flying colours.
We would liketo thank Sh. Giandeep Singh Lec.
Punjabi for all the extra efforts he made to help all of us to
grow and face the challenges. He is not only a teacher but an
authority and a guide. We will always be grateful to him for his
support and kindness and our special thanks goes to the
Editors, for the principal and staff being very positive about us,
for believing in us and letting us to become and understand
who we are.

Ikreet Kaur
D.El.Ed. (2020-22)

Sunaina
D.El.Ed. (2021-23)
Sunaina

43
 *THE RAT RACE*
“The trouble with the rat race is that even if you win you are still a RAT” The rat race is an endless, self defeating
or pointless pursuit, just like rats attempt to earn a reward in vain, to put values and ethics are at stake for not
worthy gains. There are many people who harbour ambitions to win over the corporate sector or to start a
business or to be an entrepreneur or any other dreams. They want to become the master of their own destiny
but ultimately get trapped in the rat race, not knowing how to save themselves or what to do. Everyone wants
to become more successful than the other, this is prevalent in our lives too. In order to achieve our aim and goals
we tend to forget everything and join the race leaving our happiness behind, be it a student or a mature adult.
Film stars are also considered one of the biggest victims of rat race who in order to earn more and become more
popular are ready to work 60 hours a week. We must remember, we are not rats, we are humans. We need to
reject the insidious pressure in society that would blunt our critical faculties to all that is happening around us.
This is the new arising mental disorder among adults like peer pressure among adolescents. We need to move
out of this rat race to be able to enjoy our life. I must say that having a job is meaningful
enough to get one out of bed rather to crib for working 40 hours a week.
Do what you love because in the end money does not matter, your LIFE does……..
Reject the rat race and pursue your Passion…….

Dr.Buta Singh Sekhon

Principal DIET Ahmedpur (Mansa)

Don't let you fall down

Don't let you fall down Such options are rare
Accept challenges with dare Time is to move ahead
Enjoy the life chock-full Why to stand idle and stare
No reason to feel scare Why feeling disquiet and
Where to go in life rattled?
Every time choice is there Fly high with your
Try to be a bit more compassionate great flair
You are under His tender care Saroj Rani,
Destination is calling you Lecturer English
Hard work and determination to pair
Waiting for tides on the right way

44
 “Kirat Karo, Vand chhako,
Naam Japo”- Guru Nanak Dev Ji

World is full of people and their pains, there is every kind of actions in life. However, it is quite hard to know either our
misery as well as pleasure in this world, some are even actions are truly kind or it will lead us towards misery,
beyond our imagination. Out of expectations and because often for the sake of worldly pleasures, power,
dissatisfactions no one is entirely happy (Nanak Dukhyia Sab money, etc. for ourselves, we subconsciously invite worry,
Sansar). All the people around us are in some or the other insecurity and misery in our life. Yet there is a way to enjoy all
pain, from weak to strong everyone has their own worries the happiness of the world with peace and security without
and problems. Everyone is a victim in one's own story, any worry or misery in our life that could be achieved by
people always complain about other's faults. No one ever following the path which Guru Nanak teaches us through his
says that he/she is the one who hurt others. Apparently they very simple quotation “Kirat Karo, Vand chhako, Naam
attack each other mentally or physically. Starting from a Japo”.
micro level, such things expand to the macro level across the Guru Nanak's teachings can be found in the sikh scripture
world. Consequently, the whole world becomes a battle 'Guru Granth Sahib ji' as a collection of verses recorded in
field having various kinds of conflicts and tragedies. Once it Gurmukhi. Through popular tradition, Guru Nanak's
becomes an irresistible cycle of misery then no one remains teachings are understood to be practiced in three ways:
unaffected unless he/she has not paddled it. 1. Kirat Karo (Work honestly)
So, if your preference or priority is to lead a happy, peaceful 2. Vand chhako (Serve and Consume)
and satisfied life then make sure not to paddle the cycle of 3. Naam Japo (Recite Almighty's Name)
misery. But such things which do not exist physically are Undoubtedly, people do follow his teachings but somehow
harder to resist. All we need to do is, to take care of our they follow the misconception and consequently, face

45
misery and raise concern about the effectiveness of the path
taught by Guru Nanak. For the sake of “kirat karo” people so much indirect that we ignore small causes leading us
just do whatever leads them to power, money or fame; they towards conflict. Being unaware of the true cause of our
are barely honest and truthful. Few even do selfless services misery; we repeat them and always remain stuck in them.
in religious places but they never bother for other people One can never achieve big unless he/she does not
around them. For sake of “Vand chhako” people appreciate the importance of small things. Sometimes while
occasionally serve free food or make some donations from following even the true path we experience sadness,
the money they have earned through manipulation. For worries or other small conflicts and on the other hand we
sake of “Naam Japo” people recite the writings from 'Guru see other people happy, although they would have been
Granth Sahib' as a mantra just to compensate their involved into manipulative tasks. As a result we want to quit
manipulations. the path of truth and honesty and try to follow the
What did Guru Nanak actually want to teach us through his illusionary but wrong path for the sake of quick happiness.
quotation “Kirat Karo, Vand Shhako, Naam Japo”: This situation is totally normal; our beliefs tremble at so
1.Kirat Karo: many points; never forget that we are human beings and
· Work hard in life. mistakes are inseparable part of our life, so we usually make
· Make sure that your work is harmless to the people, mistakes even during walking on the true path, therefore,
environment, etc. around you. time to time small conflicts, rejections, worries and sadness
· Never indulge into manipulative work under anyone's come in our way as a warning sign to make us aware of our
influence or out of anger and ego. mistake which we should diagnose and never repeat. There
· Whatever you are doing (domestic chores, study, is a very thin line between good and bad, being on good side
agriculture, trade, job, etc.) never forget these try not to break or cross that line, at any cost. Life is precious;
principles; Truth, Honesty and Selflessness. never waste it in marathon of evilness, lie or selfishness
2.Vand chhako: while impressing other people. Rather devote it in truth,
· Never be selfish in your life. honesty, selflessness and gratitude and impress yourself.
· Never hesitate while sharing, whether it is food, space, “Sab Mera” to “Sab Tera”; Guru Nanak went on weighing by
knowledge or time. saying, "Tera, tera, tera..."
· Never store or hide abundance of something for Never forget that whatever good we earn or achieve in our
future at the same time when someone is asking life is a blessing of God, for being truthful and grateful. On
out of need for that very thing. the other hand, whatever bad happens around us is due to
3.Naam Japo: the cycle of misery originated from lie, dishonesty,
· Always remember and be grateful to the Almighty. selfishness and ungratefulness.
Our life becomes misery when we are ungrateful. Biggest
· Enjoy and appreciate what he gives.
pain in our life is when our most precious things are taken
· Never forget that whatever you have achieved is the
away from us whether it is people/ family, health, money,
blessing of God.
power, etc. So, to avoid that pain or tragedy in life do follow
the path of “Kirat Karo, Vand chhako,
We can have a contented life by adopting this very simple
Naam Japo” shown by Guru Nanak Dev
path taught by Guru Nanak. All we need is just to be truthful,
Ji.
honest, selfless and grateful. There are always so many
Navdeep Kaur
temptations in our way to distract us from these principles
Lecturer Geography
and most of the time we change our simple path and head
towards the outwardly beautiful and illusionary path, which
leads us to unwanted misery. All such happenings in life are

46
1. What can you hold in your left hand but not in 11.What has hands but no feet, a face but no
Right hand? eyes, tells but does not talk?
2. What has to be broken before you can use it? 12.It is black, but you say it is clean, it is white, but
you say it is dirty, what is it?
3. I'm tall when I'm young and I'm short when I'm
old. What am I? 13.Which table doesn't have legs?
4. I have branches, but no fruit, trunk or leaves. 14.What has teeth but cannot eat?
What am I? 15.Which is the smallest room in the world?
5. It belongs to you, but other people use it more
than you do. What is it?
6. What has hands, but can't clap?
7. The more you take, the more you leave
behind. What are they?
8. If you drop me I'm sure to crack, but give me a
smile and I'll always smile back. What am I?
9. From what number can one take half and
leave nothing?
10.What has 4 legs and only 1 foot?

1. Right elbow 2. An egg 3. A candle 4. Bank

Answers

5. Your name 6. Clock 7. Footsteps 8. Mirror

9. Eight 10. Bed 11. Clock 12. Black Board
13. Vegetable 15. Comb 16. Mushroom

Amisha & Gurpreet Kaur (D.El.Ed. 2021-23)

Sandeep Singh (D.El.Ed.2020-22)

47
 Mother
Happiness and Teacher
Always be happy,
Don't be sad
Enjoy every moment
Don't be mad
If you are in trouble
Just try to happy double
Because sadness make you weak
And happiness gets you on the peak
Don't be lazy
Always be crazy. Mother gives birth.
Crazy about your aim Teacher gives life.
And try to shine your name. Mother provides food for body.
Teacher provides food for mind.
Amita Kaur Mother gives love.
D.El.Ed. (2021-23) Teacher gives character.
With mother, a child is hero.
Without teacher, life is zero.
Respect your mothers.
Worship your teachers.

Sukhwinder Kaur
D.El.Ed. (2020-22)

Laughter is the best Medicine

It is said that when you laugh, the world will laugh with you, but when you weep, you weep alone. Laughter is
considered as the best Medicine not only it does well to every person but also infects and works as
an intoxicant that comes in touch with them. The people are blessed who remain happy and enjoy
their life. Everybody likes to remain in the company of a person who is jovial and honoured.
Modern life is full of stress and tension; nobody is ready to listen to agony and pain of others.
Every time people try to keep away from a gloomy person. It has also been proved that
laughter is good for heart. No wonder, people join laughter clubs to keep themselves away
from their tensions and worries. It is rightly said that smile improves the face value. So one
should try to inject the whole world with laughter to make it pleasant/finest place to live
in.

Diya
D.El.Ed. (2021-23)

48
 Interesting
Facts ATM -
Acronyms
Automated Teller Machine
Wi-Fi - Wireless Fidelity
Kitchen Tools Bye - Be with you every time
Interesting Facts SMS - Short Message Service
Kitchen Tools: ETC - Etcetera
rok - Griddle AIM - Ambition in Mind
csyu - Rolling Pin Computer - Common operated Machine
fpeVs - Tongs particularly used for Technical Education & Research
dM+kgh - Wok William Shakespeare
fpeVh - Pincers William Shakespeare is an English playwright,
dyNh - Ladle poet and author. He was born in Stratford-upon-Avon,
England. His early works were mainly comedies but
afterwards he wrote tragedies and in the last phase of
Antonyms: his life he wrote tragicomedies (Romances). 'Hamlet',
True x False
'Romeo and Juliet', 'Othello', 'King Lear' and
Win x Lose 'Macbeth' all are considered among the finest works
Young x Old in the English language. He is widely regarded as the
Empty x Full greatest writer in the English language. He is often
Always x Never called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon".
Fact x Fiction
Loud x Quiet Sunaina
Play x Work D.El.Ed. (2021-23)
Add x Subtract

'Do Your Best'

'Doing your best' is living each and every moment to its full potential. It is not about success or failure; it is putting all
energy into whatever you are doing currently. Sometimes we get no result up to our expectations and label it as a failure;
we forget that we have achieved an expensive experience that will lead us to future success. Keep in mind, doing your
best should not be only in your thoughts but should be in application means you have to live what you have thought. Our
intentions are great but results will come when these intentions will turn into actions; only invest
your all energy and time into things, don't fear about future and harp on past and achieve goals .If
you are in habit of enjoying each and every moment of life then standing in a queue for a long and
waiting for someone would not perforate your peace of mind, but prove to be enjoyable and
informative instead. Never confuse doing your best with best outcome; embrace every chance
and take any unwanted outcome as a fun or a valuable experience ;better planning and clear
vision will surely lead you to success. Working upon this phrase will surely amaze you with its
results.
Saroj Rani Lec.English

49
 Learn to say 'No'
Learn to say 'No'
It's hard to imagine how effective the word 'No' is. It's a very important part of your happiness and success.
Learn to say no without guilt. Sometimes to please the society and their peer group, youngsters start to adopt
unhealthy and harmful ways, they say 'yes' and get easily trapped into their powerful hands. They fear to say 'no'
as they don't want to have conflict with their peers. 'Feeling respected' is the biggest desire of today's
generation that make them to say 'yes' even for unhealthy offers. They don't want to get kicked out of the tribe,
the society and peer groups. Although they later understand that they are taking advantage of them. But
enough is enough; people have to stand up for their own respect; they have to set the boundaries; they have to
learn to respect and take care of themselves. Just say 'No' whenever you feel, it will surely protect you. Try to
understand peoples' tactics and be firm and courteous. Mahatma Gandhi has said "A 'No' uttered from the
deepest conviction is better than a 'YES' merely uttered to please, or worse, to avoid trouble."
Harnoor Kaur
D.El.Ed. (2020-22)

Indian Culture
Indian Culture is the oldest and famous among the other cultures of the world. Indian culture is an
amalgamation of distinct cultures of all Communities, traditions, customs and religions.
The diversity of Indian Culture is known worldwide. This diverse Indian culture profoundly influences
Indian Philosophy, art, music and even Literature. The religions throughout Indian history have a significant
impact on the customs and traditions. India comprises of different communities that make it multi-cultural,
multi-religious, and multi-ethnic. The most prevailing religions in India are Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism,
Sikhism, Christianity and Islam. We, the people of India are proud of its rich and diverse culture.
Akky Kaur
D.El.Ed. (2021-23)

50
 SOCIAL MEDIA It provides opportunities for students for flexible
learning.
Social Media is a term used for websites and
It helps us in online transactions; we can use Google
applications. It is an online platform where we can share
Pay, UPI etc. to pay electricity bill, water bill etc.
our thoughts, ideas, information, pictures and videos.
Disadvantages:
We all use it in our day to day life. It focuses on
Addiction is the biggest drawback of social media.
communication, interaction, sharing and collaboration.
People waste their valuable time to check their
It has become an integral part of our lives.
social media accounts.
People use social media to stay in touch and interact
It brings a lot of health disorders like stress, anxiety
with friends, family and society. There are various social
and sleeplessness.
media platforms: Facebook, WhatsApp, Snapchat,
False news spread like wildfire through this
Instagram etc. We use these to communicate locally as
platform.
well as globally.
Cyber bullying is another major drawback of social
Social media has advantages as well as
media.
disadvantages.
Our Privacy is completely compromised.
Advantages:
It has become the course of emotional detachment.
Social media helps in socialism which makes our life
While concluding we can say that social media has
simple and convenient.
both advantages and disadvantages. The effects of social
People can show their talent through this platform.
media are very complex and vary from person to person,
Social media is used to create awareness amongst
but we have to use this platform wisely to make the most
people.
out of it.
It is also helpful to earn money.
Pooja Rani
D.El.Ed. (2021-23)
Knowledge is Power
Poverty
The proverb 'Knowledge is Power' states that
What if I am poor?
knowledge is the most powerful weapon one can
have. It is so powerful that it changes the complete Should I feel disgust and roar?
course of human civilization. It is the wealth which is Should I feel sad and sour?
very important for the success in life. It helps us to Sometimes my heart sinks down
move on the path of reality. It shows us the path of
Then I listen to my inner sound
success and progress. It also helps us to dissociate
right from wrong. When knowledge is used and My hard work & strength is enough to astound
applied in life, it has the power to shape the future of I feel more strong & sound
the individual and in turn of society. Knowledge is I have set myself to soar
power because it has the ability to achieve everything My mother is my mentor
in life; to take right and wrong decisions; to help
No matter ignored or heard
others to rise; to minimize war and corruption; above
all it opens the door of success for everyone. I will stand up to the world!
Kamaljeet Singh
Chahat D.El.Ed. (2021-23)
D.El.Ed. (2021-23)

51
 Women Empowerment
“She overcame everything that was meant to destroy her”
Indian culture gives women the utmost respect. Many of our Gods are
female and are worshipped by devotees. Goddess Laxmi is worshipped as
the 'Goddess of Wealth'; Durga is worshipped as 'The Goddess of power
and strength'; Saraswati is worshipped as 'Goddess of Wisdom'. Women
play an important role in one's life, society and family. We cannot think of a
life without women. Whole family is dependent on women for its daily
chores & activities. A Woman plays role of a mother, wife, sister,
homemaker, cook, friend, teacher, guide, nurse catering to everybody's
needs.
The women who are in job have to fulfill job responsibilities as well as
home & family responsibilities. The life of a woman is very hard, but she
gets little or no appreciation. There are a lot of women who are talented
and multitaskers but have no recognition in society. We should keep in
mind women empowerment can determine development of a healthy
society, so government policies & different organisations should contribute to make them stronger.

Jagriti Jain
D.El.Ed. (2020-22)

Mother
A mother suffers a lot for her children. A mother fills her child's stomach by being
hungry herself. The second form of God is mother. It is only the mother who
saves her child from any trouble. When her children are sad, she feels also
sad. When her children are happy, she is happy too. It is only the mother
who breathes in the breath of her children. The offspring may change, but
the mother's love is selfless love that never changes. After parting one
realises what a mother is! So never give any pain to the mother.
Those who have a mother have everything, because there is paradise at
the mother's feet.

Arshpreet
D.El.Ed.
(2020-22)

52
 Importance of Extra Co-Curricular Activities
There is always an argument that co- curricular activities are not so much important in a child's
life.
Co-curricular activities are also very important in student's life; these activities are helpful in overall
development of students.
Some parents, teachers and students feel that they do not need these activities; all they need is
to concentrate on their books. Parents feel that extra activities will distract their child from studies but
co-curricular activities are as important as academics. Only books and exams hinder students'
development. A student can take part in any co-curricular activity of his choice, he can choose from
music, dance, sports, literature etc. Some students are even interested in more than one activity. There
are various benefits of cultural activities as under:
Academic performance is improved.
Enhancement of time management skills
Development of sense of commitment
Helpful in cognitive development.
Co-curricular activities are helpful in socialisation of the students thus they are helpful in their
better adjustment and future progress in life

Nikki Bawa
D.El.Ed. (2021-23)

Importance of English
The importance of English cannot be denied. As
English is an international language, it has become
popular language. We use this language to
communicate with other people. By learning English,
people will be able to get more knowledge and gather
more information, English helps people to get more job
opportunities. We can say that English is the language
of business, commerce and trade. English is also the
language of science, math, technology, tourism and
other areas.
Mehakdeep Singh
D.El.Ed. (2020-22)

53
 Importance of Books
English Language Books awake us
So read and awake
Nobody can deny the importance of
Nobody can deny the importance of
English
Books language in present time as global
give us knowledge
English language in present times. It is clear that
language. It is clear that English language has
English is the most spoken language in the world. Knowledge
become morebrings
dominantconfidence
around the world. In
In some countries it is used as the mother tongue some, countries it is used as the mother tongue
Confidence ensures success
and in other countries it is taught as second and in other countries it is taught as second
language. In addition, it is used for So read books, get success
language in their schools. In addition, it is used
communication between people around the forBooks
communication
are treasures between people around the
of thought
world. It is the language of science, aviation, world as well as it is the language of modern
Thoughts make the actions
computer, diplomacy and tourism. On the other times. On other hand, English is the language of
hand it is the language of the internet & social Actions
science andmake the character
technology. There is no doubt that,
media. theCharacter
Englishmakes
is language
the man of communication
There is no doubt that English is a link language between the people with different culture. It is
between the people with different cultures. alsoMenthemake the nation
language of computers that help to
communicate
So read bookswith
andthe people
make around the world
nation
Without the English language, we cannot do
through Internet technology and e-mail.
anything on the internet. We can share our ideas,
Without the English language, we cannot
opinions, thoughts and views with the entire
so anything on the internet. We can shareKaur
Ramandeep or
world through the internet with the use of ideas, opinions, thoughts views with the entire
English language. In the sector of education D.El.Ed.
world through the internet with the use of the
English language also plays a major role as it is English language. In the sector of Education (2020-22)
widely used for online learning. People who English language also plays a major role. People
study abroad also use the English language. who study abroad use the English language as
Mother tongue is very important in one's means of communication and learning.
life but to connect to the world it is also English is very important language. It is
important to learn English. also important to learn English and to
understand it. So, one must learn to know and
Reetarnpreet Kaur
understand English to live in this world.
D.El.Ed.
Peetarnpreet Kaur
(2021-23) 1st year (2021-23)
D.el.ed

54
 y/v^Gkr
Bo'Jh f;js, fpjso ;wki

55
 rOSn rwh

;zgkde dh ebw s'A HHH

;zgkde dh ebw s'A HHH
fgnko/ ftfdnkoEhU` y/vK dk wB[Zyh fIzdrh ftZu pj[s wjZst
j?. f;nkfDnK dk eEB j?, szdo[;s ;oho nzdo jh szdo;s wB
dk fBtk; j[zdk j?. id n;hA ;ohoe gZy s'A szdo[;s ns/
foPN^g[PN j[zd/ jK sd jh ;kvk ;oho y/v w?dkB ftZu e[ZdD,
y/vD bJh jkwh Godk j?. j[D w;bk fJj j? fe ;oho B{z szdo[;s
fet/A oZyhJ/ < wB[Zy dh ;G s'A tZvh g{zih T[; dh f;js jh j?. ;'
;kB{z nkgD/ ykD^ghD (ykd ^y[oke) d/ Bk+^Bk+ ;oho dhnK
;sBkw f;zx d?fBe fefonktK (e;osK, y/vK) tZb th fXnkB d/Dk ukjhdk j?.
;zgkde ykD ;w/A fiZE/ ;kB{z ;ziw tosDk ukjhdk j?, T[~E/ jh ;kB{z ykD bJh
jh BjhA fiT[Dk ukjhdk ;r'A fiT[D bJh ykDk ukjhdk j?. ;kB{z
pkiko{ykD/ s'A gqj/I eoBk ukjhdk j?, e[dos Bkb i[VBk ukjhdk j?,
e[dos s'A fwbd/ s'jf|nK B{z P[ZX o{g ’u jh ykDk ukjhdk j? s/
feos ;ZfGnkuko dk ;fseko eod/ j'J/ tZX s'A tZX ezw eoBk
ukjhdk j? ns/ y/vK y/vDhnK ukjhdhnK jB. fJ; Bk+ ;kB{z
szdo[;sh th fwbdh j? s/ wkB^;BwkB d/ Bk+^Bk+ o[irko fwbdk
j?. ;zs[fbs s/ P[ZX nkjko yk e/ id ;kvk nZi dk B"itkB y/v
w?dkB ftZu T[~so/rk s/ tXhnk y/v gqdoPB eodk j'fJnk, BfPnK
torh nbkws s'A S[Nekok gk e/ fiZs d/ Mzv/ rZv/rk s/ nzs ftZu,
;wki ftZu ;BwkB :'r ;EkB Io{o jk;b eo/rk.
ohBk okDh ;' nkU y/vK d/ wjZst B{z ;wMd/ j'J/ uzrk G'iB ykJhJ/,
ftfdnkoEh ;zgkde pkIkoh s/ ftd/Ph ykfDnK s'A gqj/I eohJ/, y/v w?dkB ftZu i/s{ wZbK
2020^22 wko e/ wkfgnK dk Bkw o"PB eohJ/.
P[G fJSktK pZfuU` s[jkv/ uzr/o/ GftZy bJh d[nktK HHH

;sBkw f;zx,
vhH ghH JhH, vkfJN nfjwdg[o (wkB;k),
;zgkde ^ y/v ftGkr

ewbdhg e"o
ftfdnkoEh ;fj^;zgkde
2020^22

56
 rOSn rwh

gzikp dhnK b'e y/vK

y/vK y/vDhnK ;kv/ ihtB bJh pj[s jh bkGdkfJe jB fBeb pkfbnk s/oh tkoh HHH
ns/ b'e^ihtB dk nfBZyVtK nzr jB, fJj y/vK g/Av{ b'eK d/ id'A n;hA y/vK y/vd/ jK sK y/v ;w/A S{j/ ikD *s/ i/eo
wB'oziB dk w[Zy ;kXB ojhnK jB. y/vDk wB[Zy dh w{b gqftosh e'Jh pZuk nkgDh dkJh iK fwZs Bk d/t/ sK fJj ;wfMnk iKdk j?
j?. e[dos B/ jo wB[Zy ftZu y/vD dk r[D Gfonk j?. y/vDk wB[Zy fe T[;d/ f;o oZp dk Gko uV/rk. i/eo e'Jh pZuk nkgDh fwZs
bJh fJZe ;fji fefonk j?, fJj wB[Zy d/ ;ohoe ftek; dk ftukb/ SZve/ GZidk j? sK d{i/ pZu/ fJj rhs rkT[A/d/ jBL^
wjZstg{oB ;q's j?. pZu/ d/ iBw b?D Bk+ T[; dh y/v^gqfefonk ;kvh fwZs dZpDk
nozG j' iKdh j?, fit/A e[ZM fdBK dk pZuk jh bZsK^pkjK wkoBhnK xo d/ u{j/ uZpDk
P[o{eo fdzdk j?. y/v o[uhnK jh pZu/ d/ ;ohfoe, wkBf;e ns/ fJZe u{jk, ofj frnk
p"fXe ftek; dhnK ;{ue jB. y/vK ;ohfoe e;os bJh jh BjhA f;gkjh cVe/ b? frnk
y/vhnk iKdhnK pbfe fJj b'eK d/ wzB'oziB dk th ftP/P ;kXB f;gkjh B/ wkoh fJZN
j[zdhnK jB. y/vK y/vD Bk+ ;kB{z y[Ph th pj[s jh fInkdk fwbdh ukj/ o' ukj/ fgZN.
j?. y/vK wB[Zy d/ ;oho B{z foPN^g[PN, u[;s, c[oshbk ns/ epZvhL^ gzikphnK dh okPNoh y/v j? fi; okjhA T[jBK d/
PeshPkbh pDkT[AdhnK jB. b'e^y/vK dh \k;hns fJj j? fe fJj ;[Gkn ns/ ;ohoe pb dk gqrNktk j[zdk j?. bzwh e"vh, r{zrh e"vh
fe;/ eoV/ fB:wK nXhB BjhA y/vhnK iKdhnK. e'Jh ;wK^;EkB ns/ ;"Auh gZeh nkfd epZvh dhnK fe;wK pVhnK jowB
th fBPfus BjhA, rowhnK B{z d[gfjo ;w/A, oks B{z ukBDhnK oksK fgnkohnK ojhnK jB. nZi^eZbQ fJj e"vhnK y/vhnK BjhA
ftZu, y[ZfbQnK ftjfVnK, r+hnK, i{jK, NkjbhnK, po'fNnK iKdhnK, fJjBK dh EK B?PBb ;NkJhb epZvh B/ b? bJh j?.
dhnK SktK ns/ fe;/ th w'ebh EK *s/ fJj y/vhnK iKdhnK jB. fijVhnK b'e^y/vK b'eK d/ wB'oziB dk w[Zy ;kXB ojhnK jB,
;kB{z b'e^y/vK y/vD bJh ;wkB yohdD dh th b'V BjhA j[zdh. fJj jo fgzv dk ftP/P fjZ;k j'fJnk eodhnK ;B ns/ ;ko/ fgzv d/
fijVh e'Jh th ;wZroh xo ftZu gJh j[zdh j?, T[; Bk+ jh ezw pZfunK B/ obe/ y/vDk, e'Jh iks^gks BjhA, T{u^Bhu BjhA,
;ko fbnk iKdk j?. y/vK y/vD Bk+ pZfunK ftZu ;dGktBk, nwhoh^rohph dk gkVk BjhA. ;ko/ o+e/ fJjBK dk nBzd wkDd/
fgnko ns/ w[ekpb/ dh GktBk tor/ B?fse r[D, fJjBK y/vK ;B. gfjb/ ;fwnK ftZu fgzvK ftZu GkJhukoe ;KM fJzBh j[zdh ;h
d[nkok jh gqt/P eod/ jB. pZu/ nkw eoe/ S{jD tkbhnK y/vK fe fyvkohnK B{z ykD B{z pj[s jh finkdk e[ZM fdzd/ ;B ns/ d/;h
y/vd/ jB. fit/A g[okDhnK y/vK dhnK e[ZM tzBrhnK fJ; gqeko fxT[ d/ ghfgnK d/ ghg/ T[jBK B{z ykD B{z fdZs/ iKd/ ;B.
jBL^ pKdo^feZbk, r[Zbh^vzvk, ;Zeo^fGZih nkfd fJj pZfunK nzs ’u fJjh fejk ik ;edk j? fe y/vK y/vD Bk+ wB[Zy
dhnK g[okDhnK b'e^y/vK jBL^ dk ;ohfoe ftek; tXhnk j[zdk j? ns/ ;oho foPN^g[PN ofjzdk
JhArD^whArD sbh^sbhArD j?. y/vK y/vD tkb/ ftneshnK ftZu fgnko dh GktBk,
ekbk ghbk vZeok fwbtosB dh GktBk, ;dGktBk ns/ BP/ pj[s jh fInkdk j[zdh
r[V yktK, t/b tXktK j?.
w{bh gZsok owBgqhs e"o,
gZsoK tkb/ x'V/ nkJ/ 2020^22
jZE e[skVh g?o e[skVh

57
 rOSn rwh

SPORTS AWARDS IN INDIA

There are six sports awards in India at the from fifteen sport disciplines have been awarded the
national level. Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award. Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna.
The Arjuna Award, Major Dhyan Chand Award, The
Dronacharya Award, The Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Dhyan Chand Award:- The Dhyan Chand
Trophy and the Rashtrya Khel Protsahan Puruskar. Award official known as Major Dhyan Chand Award for
They are given to sports persons support staff lifetime. Achievement in sports and Games, has a
or organisation for their achievements and contributes nearly Similar name to the Major Dhyan Chand Khel
to Indian sports. All these awards are given out Ratna. Named after Dhyan Chand this award was
annually by India's Ministry of youth affairs and sports instituted in 2002 to Honour sports persons for their
and are the presented by the president of India at the contributions to spord both during their career and after
Presidential Palace, usualty on 29 August. retirement. Awarded annually by the Indian Gov. the
dhyan Chand Award Carries a Dhyan Chand statuette
Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna:- The Khel a certificate, ceremonial dress, and a cash prize of Rs.
Ratna Award also known as the Major Dhyan Chand 10 Lakh. The Dhyan Chand Award is given only to the
Khel Ratna award, is the highest sporting honour of disciplines included in the events life Olympic Games,
India Instituted in 1991-1992, the Major Dhyan Chand Paralympic Games, Asian Games, Commonwealth
Award is Awarded annually by the Ministry of Youth games, world championships, Cricket and parasports.
Affairs and sports by a committee. Constituted by the The union minister of youth affairs and sports decides
Ministry for their "Sports lover a period of four years" at the (Boxing), Ashok Diwan (Hockey), and Aparna
international level. Formely known as the Rajiv Gandhi Ghosu (Basketball) were the first three athletes to win
Khel Ratna award in sports and Games, the award was the award in 2002.
renamed. Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna in 2021 after
one of India's Greatest field Hockey Players for all time, Anjuna Award:- The Anjuna Award, known
Dhyan Chand. He scored more than 1000 goals over a officially as Arjuna Awards for outstanding performance
Career of more than 20 years. in sports and Games is India's second-highest sporting
As many as 12 Sports persons received the honour. Instituted in 1961, the award has undergone
award last year including. Neeraj Chopra (athleties). several revisions over the years. As per the latest
Mithali Raj (Cricket), Sushil (kushti). 57 sports persons revision in 2018, the Arjuna Award is given to

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disciplines falling under. Categories like Olympic english translates of National Sports Promotion Award
Games, Paralympic Games, Asian Games, recognizes the "involvement of corporates, voluntary
Commonwealth Games, world Championship, world organistions and sports control boards, in the
cup, indigenous Games, Parasports and Cricket. Promotions and development of sports in the country
The recipients are selected by a committee "over the last three years. The Rashtriya Khel Protshan
constituted by the Ministry. As of 2020 the award, Puruskar was first start in 2009. Organisation in these
named after one of the characters of the characters of four categaries are awarded Intensification and
the sanskrit epic. Mahabharte Comprises a bronze N u r t u r i n g o f B u d d i n g a n d y o u n g Ta l e n t ,
statuette of Anjuna, Certificate, Ceremonial dress, and encouragement to sports through corporate social
a cash prize of Rs. 15 Lakh. A total of 20 sports persons responsibility employment of sportspersons and sports
were awarded the Arjuna Award, an 1961. This welfare measures, and sports for development. The
includes boxer PK Banerjee and cricketer Salim. award comprises a citation and a Trophy in all the
In 2021 the likes of Shikhar Dhawan (Cricket) catagories.
Ranjit Kaur (boxing), Varun Kumar (Hockey) and Ankita
Raina received the award. Dronacharya Award:- The Dronacharya
Award, officially known as Dronacharya Award for
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Trophy:- outstanding coaches in sports and Games, is awarded
The Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Trophy, named after annually by the Ministry of youth affairs and sports to
Abul Kalam Azad a senior leader of Indian those, we have done "outstanding and work on a
Independence movement, is awarded annually by the consistent basis and enabled sportspersons to excel in
Ministry of Youth Affairs and sports to the overall top international events." Over a period of four years. The
performing University in sports and promoting award compises a bronze statuette of Dronacharya, a
competitue sports in university. certificate, ceremonial dress, and a cash Prize of 15
Over the preceding year. The University which Lakh. Instituted in 1985, the award is given in the
secures the first position is awarded a trophy and a disciplines included like Olympic Games, Paralympic
cash prize of Rs. 15 Lakh. The second and third place games, Asian Games, commonwealth games, world
universities receive cash prize of Rs. 7.5 Lakh and Rs. championship and world cup along with cricket.
4.5 Lakh. In 2021, the Punjab university received the Indigenous games and parasports.
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad trophy for the third In 2021, Dronacharya Award winners list
consecutive year. The first recipients of the rolling compnised nine people. Shri T.P. ouseph, who has
MAKA Trophy in 1957 was Bombay university, while trained many national level atheletes, was one of the
Amritsar's Guru Nanak Dev university has won it the Recipients.
most number of times (22). NAVNEET KAUR,
SESSION 2020-22
Rashtriya Khel Protshan Puruskar :-
The Rashtriya Khel Protshan Puruskar, which is

59
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w/ok y/v ;|o

w?A ewbdhg e"o, fgzv i'rk dh c[ZNpkb
fyvkoB,s[jkv/ Bk+ nkgD/ nZm tfoQnK d/
y/v irs ftZu phs/ ;w/A B{z ;kMK eoB ik
ojh jK.
w?A id S/thA iwks ftZu ;h sK w?A
T[d'A s'A jh c[ZNpkb y/vDh P[o{ ehsh. w/ok
gfjbk fdB y/v d/ w?dkB ftZu pj[s tXhnk
phfsnk. w/o/ e'u i;tho f;zx ;zwh i' pj[s
jh uzr/ fJB;kB ns/ fyvkoh jB. T[jBK dh
fwjBs s'A g/qfos j' e/ jh w?B{z y/vK gqsh P"Ae
ns/ fdbu;gh g?dk j'Jh. w?A o'I ;t/o 5
ti/ rokT{Av ikDk ns/ 8 ti/ tkfg; nkT[Dk,
feT[Afe fyvkohnK B{z ;t/o dh ;Gk s'A pknd
ikD dh fJIkis ;h.
i'B gZXo d/ w[ekpfbnk ns/ fibQk
gZXo d/ w[ekpfbnK ftZu jo ;kb brksko
j[D sZe foekov fojk fe e'Jh w[ekpbk j't/ U-14, U-17, U-19 jo fJZe T[wo tor d/ w[ekpfbnK ftZu w/ok Nhuk
gfjbK ;EkB gqkgs eoBk fojk j?.
fiZE/^fiZE/ w?A nkgDh y/v ebk dk gqdoPB eoB bJh rJh ^
;G s'A gfjbK w?A r'behgo ;h s/ w?A gzikp tZb'A y/vD bJh w[es;o ;kfjp rJh. T[d'A w?A gfjbh tko nkgDh Nhw
Bk+ pkjo y/vD rJh sK pj[s ;fjwh fijh ;h.
fco n;hA UgB y/vD bJh ;kvh Nhw u[Dh rJh U-17 d/ N{oBkw?AN i' o'gV fty/ j'J/ ;B sK T[d'A n;hA d{;ok
;EkB gqkgs ehsk. fi; s'A pknd ;kv/ gzi fyvkoh B?PBb gZXo bJh u[D/ rJ/. fijBK ftZu'A w?A fJZe ;h. T[; ;w/A n;hA
u/BZJh (skfwbBkv{) y/vD rJ/. n;hA pV/ T[sPkj Bk+ rJ/ s/ u/BZJh ;w[zdoh fJbkek j'D eoe/ ;w[zdo d/ feBko/ th ikD
dk w"ek fwfbnk.
fco n;hA w[es;o ;kfjp y/vD rJ/ id w?A d;thA iwks ftZu ;h sK w?A T[; ;w/A finkdk fwjBs ehsh ;h s/ T[;/
;dek jh w?A gzikp c[ZNpkb Nhw dh egskB pDh. w[es;o ;kfjp y/v w[ekpfbnK ftZu n;hA sh;ok ;EkB gqkgs ehsk
ns/ T[; ;w/A w?A B?PBb y/vD bJh T[Vh;k rJh fiZE/ 15 fdB oj/.
fco T[;/ ;kb jh YFC o[VeK ebK tZb'A ;kvh Nhw dhnK d' fyvkoDK w?A s/ w/oh Nhw dh fJZe j'o fyvkoD u[DhnK
rJhnK ;B. T[d'A n;hA gfjbK fJZe wjhBk YFC o[VeK ebK e?Ag bkfJnk s/ pknd ftZu n;hA y/vD bJh wjKokPNo
(w[zpJh) rJ/. fiZE/ fe g{oh fcbw fJzv;Noh tZ;dh j?, T[jBK Bk+ fwbD dk w"ek fwfbnk.
fco w?A ;e{bh B?PBb y/vD bJh T[Vh;k (nzr[b) ftZu rJh. fiZE/ n;hA \{p nkBzd wkfDnk.
w/ok y/v ;|o ni/ th ikoh j?, go j[D w?A ;e{b s'A pknd eo'Bk ekoD finkdk pkjo BjhA ik ;eh, go j[D w?A
JhHNhHNh dk e'o; g{ok eoB s'A pknd ekbi dh Nhw ftZu ik e/ fJzNo ekbi tor/ w?uK ftZu nkgDh y/v gqsh fdbu;gh
s/ nkgD/ P"e, B{z g{ok eoKrh.
w/ok fJj ;[gBk fe w?A fe c[ZNpkb ;dek y/v irs ftZu nkgD/ wK^pkg dk Bkw o"PB eoBk, fi; ftZu w?A pj[s
;cb ojh, feT[Afe 'c[ZNpkb* B/ jh w?B{z gfjukD fdZsh.
ewbdhg e"o, ;?PB 2020^22

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Say 'Yes' to Games

Say 'Yes' to Games:-"All work and no play makes human life dull". I
think this statement is definitely correct. Games play important part in
everyone's life. Games and sports keep a man physical fit and Mentally
healthy and alert at the same time. They are the sourer of recreations and
entertainment. New a day, people have such hectic schedule. So games
and sports would be very helpful to keep themselves stress-free. Games
tone up our muscles and body. In fact, they keep us away from any type of
disease. Net only, games develop. Self confidence but also, develop
sportsmanship and team spirit. Games and sports also develop
brotherhood among different nations. Some persons ever choose the
games as their career options. In Nutshell, we can say that games are very
crucial and everyone should adopt their. And everyone should by
"Yes to Games."
Sunaina (2021-23)

g/Av{ T[bzfge
y/v w/bk
g/Av{ T[bzfge iK fibQk okJ/g[o dk y/v w/bk goT[gekoh fJzdoihs f;zx ro/tkb d/ fdwkr dh T[gi ;h. T[;B/ 1933 ftZu fJBK y/vK dh
P[o{nks fgzv tk;hnK ns/ ;EkBe b'eK B{z fJeZm/ eoB d/ fJZe sohe/ ti'A ehsh ;h. fJj y/v w/bk b[fXnkD/ Pfjo s'A 15 feb'whNo d{o
febQk okJ/g[o fty/ bZrdk j?. fJj jo ;kb cotoh d/ wjhB/ ftZu fszB fdB bZrdk j?.
fJ; y/v w/b/ ftZu wB[Zyh Pesh, ;woZEk, e[Pbsk ns/ fJZSk Pesh B{z do;kT[AdhnK y/vK fit/A epZvh, e[Psh, oZ;k^ePh
dzdK Bk+ NoZe iK No?eNo fyZuDk nkfd eotkJhnK iKdhnK jB. fJ; y/v w/b/ ftZu ikBtoK d/ w[ekpb/ th eotkJ/ iKd/ jB fit/A fe
pbdK dh d"V, x'fVnK dh d"V, eZ[fsnK dh d"V,x'fVnK dk Bku nkfd.
fJj y/vK gzikph ;ZfGnkuko dk nN[ZN nzr jB. fJj f;o| fJZe g/Av{ ;wkrw BjhA j? pbfe j[D fJZe nzso^okPNoh
;wkrw pD u[Zfenk j?. fJj g/Av{ T[bzfge gzikph ;fGnkukoe dh j'Ad B{z ;zGkb e/ oZydhnK jB. fJ; y/v w/b/ ;dek ek|h jd sZe
gzikp d/ b'e nkgD/ fto;/ iK ;ZfGnkuko Bk+ i[V/ j'J/ jB. w?A T[whd eodk jK fe fJj y/vK jo ;kb j[zdhnK ofjD s/ gzikp d/ b'e
nkgD/ fgS'eV iK ;fGnkuko Bk+ i[V/ ofjD.
jogqhs f;zx
2020^22

61
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T[ZvDk f;Zy^fwbyk f;zx

G{fwekL^ fwbyk f;zx (20 Btzpo, 1929 ^ 18 i{B
2021) i' e/ T[Zvdk^f;Zy (cbkfJzr f;Zy) eoe/ th ikD/ iKd/
jB. fJZe Gkosh d"Vke ;B fiBQK B/ 1960 dh Ubzfge ftZu
o'w fty/ s/ 1964 Ubzfge ftZu N'ehU fty/ Gkos dh
B[wkfJzdrh ehsh. 200 sZe id'A feqPBk X[BhnK B/ fv;e;
ftZu ekwBt?bE y/vK ftZu Gkos B{z ;'B/ dk swrk fdtkfJnk
;h. T[j Gkos d/ nfij/ fJeZb/ n?EbhN ;B fiBQK B/ Gkos
B{z n?Eb?fNe; ftZu ftneshrs ;'B/ dk srwk fiZfsnk.
fwbyk f;zx B{z y/vK ftZu T[jBK dh gqkgshnK eoe/ Gkos dk
u"Ek ;G s'A T[Zuk Bkrfoe ntkov (gdw ;qh* Bk+
fBtkfink frnk. fJj r'bc fyvkoh iht fwbyk f;zx d/
fgsk jB.)
1960 d/ Ubzfge y/vK dh 400 whNo d"V fi; ftZu
fwbyk f;zx B/ u"Ek ;EkB gqkgs ehsk ;h. fwbyk f;zx dh
fJj d"V :kdrkoh d"VQK ftZu'A fJZe ;h. gfjb/ 200 whNoK
ftZu ;G s'A nZr/ ;h. go nkfyoh 200 whNo ftZu pkeh
gqsh:'rh T[jBK s'A nZr/ bzx rJ/. oke/P wfjok B/ fwbyk
f;zx B{z fIzdrh dh ejkDh fpnkB eod/ fJZe pkbht[Zv f|bw
‘Gkr fwbyk Gkr’ pDkJh. fi; ftZu w[Zy feodko |ojkB
n\so s/ ;'Bw eg{o B/ fBGkJh.
P[o{nksh fIzdrhL^ fwbyk f;zx dk iBw
gkfe;skB d/ foekov nB[;ko 20 Btzpo, 1929 JhH B{z
r'fpzdg[ok fty/ f;Zy okm"o okig{s xo j'fJnk. e[M
foekov iBw skohy 17 nes{po 1935 ns/ e[M 20
Btzpo, 1935 dZ;d/ jB. r'fpzdg[ok w[iZcorVQ (g[okDk
gzikp j[D fibQk w[ZicorVQ gkfe;skB s'A 10 e[H feHwh d{o
j?.
gfotkoL^ fwbyk f;zx nkgD/ 15 G?D^GoktK ftZu'A fJZe
;h. fijBK ftZu 8 tzv s'A gfjbK jh wo rJ/ ;B. fwbyk
f;zx uzvhrVQ ftZu ofjzd/ ;B. T[j 1935 ftZu ;hb fty/
fBowB e"o B{z fwb/ i' e/ Gkosh tkbhpkb Nhw (n"osK) dh
;kpek egskB ;B.
nzso^okPNoh gqkgshnKL^ 1956 d/ w?bp"oi
Ubzfge y/vK ftZu fwbyk f;zx B/ Gkos B{z 200 whNo s/ 400
whNo gqsh:'rsk ftZu B[wkfJzdrh ehsh. 1958 ftZu fwbyk
f;zx B/ Gkosh okPNoh y/vK i' e/ e/ANo ftZu j'JhnK ;B
ftZu 200 whNo s/ 400 whNo d"V ftZu foekov ;Ekfgs
ehs/. fJ;/ ckow?AN ftZu J/PhnkJh y/vK ;'B/ dk srwk
fiZfsnk.

62
;wki, ;~fGnkuko ns/ ftfrnkB
;wkfie ;wM, ftfrnkBe fdqPNh

63
 rOSn rwh

f;ZfynkoEh ;zgkdeh p'b

n;hA vkfJN nfjwdg[[o d/ f;fynkoEh fJ; ;z;Ek d/

w[[yh vkH p{Nk f;zx ;/y'A, ;kok ;Nk| ns/ w~[y ;zgkde Pqh
frnkBdhg f;zx ih d/ sfj fdb'A XzBtkdh jK fiBQK d/ T[gokb/
;dek w?rIhB gqekfPs ehsk ik fojk j?.
w?rIhB d/ ‘;wki, ;ZfGnkuko ns/ ftfrnkB’ Gkr
ftZu f;fynkoEhnK dhnK fJfsjk;, G{r'b, okihBhsh^Pk;so,
;ZfGnkukoe ftfGzBsk nkfd ;zpzfXs ouBktK Bz{Pkfwb ehsk
frnk j?. fJj ouBktK pVhnK frnkB Gog{o jB.
nwBdhg e"o f;fynkoEhnK B/ nkgDhnK ouBktK ftZu frnkB Bz{pV/
ftT[AspZX Yzr Bk+ g/P ehsk j?.
fit/A fe n;hA ikDd/ jK fe jo/e ;wki dk nkgDk ihtB
Yzr, e~[M nkdsK, ;ze/sK, o;wK ns/ ;EkBe ezwK^ekoK ftZu
o[ZfMnk jz[dk j?, fJj ;kok e~[M ;wkfie frnkB d/ ;jko/ ubdk j?.
fiBQK Bz{f;fynkoEhnK B/ nkgDhnK ouBktK ftZu pV/ pk^\{ph Yzr
Bk+ g/P ehsk j?. fJjBK ouBktK ftZu f;Zy r[[o{nK, wjZstg{oB
fdB, okPNoh gqshe, b'e Bku, ni{p/ , Gkosh GkPktK, Gkosh
o[[fgnk, Gkosh okiBhsh, T[dkotkd Bk+ ;zpzfXs ouBktK Pkfwb
ehshnK rJhnK jB.
n;hA fJ; ;z;Ek d/ fgqz;hgb vkH p{Nk f;zx ;/y'A, w~[y
;zgkde ;qH frnkBdhg f;zx ufjb, ;w{j ;Nk| w?Apo ns/ fJ;
pj[GKsh ftP/Bk+ ;zpzfXs ouBktK d/D tkb/ ;ko/ f;fynkoEhnK d/
nfs XzBtkdh jK.
ftfdnkoEh ;zgkde^
r[[ogqhs e"o
nwBdhg e"o (2020^2022),
r[[ogqhs e"o (2021^2023)

64
 rOSn rwh

gzikph ;~fGnkuko dhnK g[[oksB t;sK

;zd{e dk th fieo th ;kv/ b'e p'bhnK
ftZu fwbdk j?^
i/ iZNhJ/ iZN e~[NDk j't/,
e~[NhJ/ ;zd{eK T[jb/
gfjbK iZN s'A wZeh fg;kJhJ/,
c/o dbkJhJ/ S'b/
Bh iZNhJ/ d/ dpek,
iZN Bk pokpo p'b/.

jbN ^ jbN dh ;jkfJsk Bk+ y{j ftZu

gkDh pkjo eZfYnk iKdk ;h. p+dK d/
i'sD Bk+ jbN dhnK fNzvK xz[wdhnK jB.
gfjbK y{j d/ gkDh ftZu iKdhnK s/ gkDh
pkjo tZb b? e/ nkT[Adhnk jB. jbN dk
fieo ;kvhnK p[[MkosK ftZu th nkT[Adk
j?^
nko YKrK, gko YKrK, ftZu NZbw
gzikph ;ZfGnkuko dhnK T[j g[[oksB j/mbh ukNh d/ ftZu bZ;h wkJ/ w/ohJ/ NZbhnK,
t;sK dh rZb eoKr/ i' ;kv/ ;ZfGnkuko ;"AeD pVh e[gZsh wkJ/ w/ohJ/ nkT[D ez{iK d/D pZu/, Bdh BjkT[D
ftZu nb'g j' ojhnK jB. ;"AeD pVh egZsh HHH uZbhnK.
wXkDh^ nZi^eZbQ fpibh Bk+ uZbD gzikph ;ZfGnkuko ftZu pj[[s
tkbhnK wXkDhnK nk uZ[ehnK jB i' g[[okD/ ;kohnK t;sK jB fiBQK dh pj[[s tos'A GV'bk^ GV'bk fwZNh dk pDkfJnk frnk
;w/A ftZu wXkDh jz[dh ;h, T[j bZeV dh ehsh iKdh j? go nkX[[fBe ;w/A ftu fJjBK fJZe fe;w dk Y'b jz[dk j?,fi; ftZu'A
jz[dh ;h . fijVh bzpkJh ftZu 3 e[[ c[ZN dh t;sK dk T[jBK wjZst BjhA fojk. fJj nBki ;N'o eoe/ oZfynk iKdk j? .
jz[dh j? ns/ pDso r'b vzv/ torh jz[dh j? s/ t;sK nb'g j' rJhnK iK fJBQK dh EK nZi^eZbQ GV'b/ s/ GV'bhnK dh EK b'j/ dh
fJ; vzv/ d/ f;o s/ e~[M tkY/ fij/ jz[d/ jB fpibh d/ Bk+ uZbD tkbhnK wPhBK B/ b? ukdoK d/ pD/ j'J/ Y'bK B/ b? bJh j?.
fiBQK ftZu wXkDh Bz{ ubkT[D bJh oZ;h bJh j?.
g?Adh j?, fi; Bz{ B/sok efjzd/ jB. wXkDh frVrD ^ fJ; Bz{ xVtzih th fejk iKdk gzik+h^ gzik+h y/shpkVh dk ;zd j?. fJj
dk fieo ;kv/ b'e^rhsK ftZu nkT[Adk j?^ j?. fJj bZeV dk fJZe torkeko YKuk bZeV dh pDh jz[dh j?. iwhB tkj[[D ;w/A
wXkDhnK wXkDhnK wXkDhnK jz[dk j? . fi;dk fJZe ;kJhv ’s/ YkJh e[[ p+dK d/ fgZS'A j+ i'VB tk;s/ gzik+h s'A
g/e/ d't/A G?DK BZuhnK, c~[N dk vzvk bZrk jz[dk j? fi;Bz{ feZbh fejk ezw fbnk iKdk ;h. gzikbh p+dK dh X"D
;j[o/ BZuhnK dokDhnK^imkDhnK, iKdk j?. wXkDh Bz{ ukNh d/ ftZu f;ZXh s/ fNedh j?.
g/e/ d't/AHHHHHHHHHHHHHH oZyD bJh frVrD dh feZbh Bk+ oZ;h pzBQ gzik+h dk fieo b'e p'bhnK ftZu nkfJnk
fdZsh iKdh j?. j?^
ukNh^ ukNh fJZe fwZNh dk y[ZbQk GKvk ;zd{e ^ ;zd{e n"os d/ g/fenK tZb'A trdh tdh d/ ftZu ;~[NhnK gzik+hnK,
jz[dk j?. fJ; dh pDso xV/ torh jz[dh j? ftnkj ;w/A fdZs/ rJ/ ;wkB ftZu fJZe fiT{D ;kv/ wkg/ XhnK g~[sK tKr gk+hnK,
go ukNh dk wz{j xV/ Bk+'A tZvk jz[dk j?. tZyok fPzrko jz[dk ;h. fJj torkeko fiT{D ;kv/ HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
ukNh ftZu wXkDh bZrdh j? .ukNh dk pe;k jz[dk j? i' fe bZeV dk pfDnk jz[dk nwBdhg e"o, (19),
fieo th ;kBz{ b'e p'bhnK ftZu fwbdk j?^ j?. ;zd{e nkw eo e/ fBzw, Nkjbh iK jodhg f;zx (18),
e{u e{u ukNhJ/ w?A j/mK T[Zs/ oZyhJ/, feZeo dh bZeV dk pDkfJnk iKdk j?. 2020^2022

65
 rOSn rwh

gzikp
gfjbK n;hA gzikp d/ fJfsjk; pko/ ikDekoh fJeZmh eoKr/. fJfsjk; ftZu iwBk Bdh s'A f;zX Bdh d/ ftuekob/ fJbke/ Bz{
wZXekb ftZu gzikp dk BK fdZsk frnk . t?fde ekb ftu nkohnk d/ gqkuhB rqzE, fort/d ftZu gzikp Bz{;gs f;zX{ Gkt ;Zs BdhnK
dh Xosh fejk frnk j?.fJj ;Zs BdhnK jB ^ f;zX{, i/jbw, u/Bkp, okth fpnk;, ;sb[i s/ ;o;tsh. j[[D ;o;tsh Bdh dh j'Ad
\sw j' u~[eh j?. gquhB wjkektK owkfJD, wjKGkos ns/ g[okDK ftZu gzikp Bz{ gzuBd fejk frnk j?, :{BkBhnK B/ gzikp Bz{
g?ANkg'NkwhnK BK fdZsk, fi; ftZu g?ANk dk noE j? ^ gzi ns/ g'NkwhnK dk noE j? Bdh, Gkt gzi BdhnK dh Xosh. gzikp ftZu
pj[[s/ ;w/A sZe ephb/ dk PkPB fojk,fi; ekoB fJ; Bz{ NZe gqd/P iK NZeh th fejk iKdk ;h. uhBh :ksoh fjT{B;Kr B/ fJ; gqd/P Bz{
;/ehnk dk BK fdZsk. wjkokik oDihs f;zx ;w/A fJ; Bz{ bkj"o ;{pk fejk iKdk ;h.gzikp dk BK fdZsk i' fe |ko;h GkPk d/ Ppd gzi
ns/ nkp s'A fwbe/ pfDnk j?. gzi dk noE j? gzi ns/ nkp dk noE gkDh . fJ; soQK gzikp dk fJj BK gqufbs j'fJnk. 1849 JhH
ftZu nzro/IK B/ gzikp Bz{ nzro/Ih ;kwoki ftZu fwbk fbnk s/ fJ; Bz{ gzikp gqKs dk BK d/ fdZsk . 1947 JhH ftZu w[be dh tzv j'D
ekoB fiZE/ d' Bt/A d/P Gkos ns/ gkfe;skB j'Ad ’u nkJ/ Bk+ jh gzikp B{z th d' GkrK ftZu tzfvnk frnk.gkfe;skB d/ fjZ;/ nkJ/
gzikp (fi; ftZu i/jbw,u/Bkp ns/ okth Bdh d/ fJbke/ Pkfwb jB ) Bz{ gZSwh gzikp s/ Gkosh gzikp (fi; ftZu fpnk; s/ ;sb[[i)
Bdh d/ fJbke/ Pkfwb jB) Bz{ g{oph gzikp fejk iKdk j?, gqzs{ d'jK d/PK d/ b'eK ftZu fJ;dk gzikp jh jowB fgnkok j?.
oiBh e"o
2021^23
n?vw ;fw~E dh ihtBh
n?vw ;fwZE dk iBw 5 i{B,1723 Bz{ ;ekNb?Av ftZu j'fJnk ;h, T[j Pfjo fiZE'A ;fwZE nkT[Adk
j? T[j feoeebvh j?, fi;dh ftP/Psk wZSh cVB tkbk y/so j?. id'A T[j fszB wjhfBnK dk ;h,
;fwE nBkE j' frnk, feT[Afe T[;d/ fgsk dk d/jKs j' frnk . T[;dh wksk wkoro/N voKb; ;h,
ns/ T[j ;fwE d/ fgsk dh d{ih gsBh ;h, id'A T[;dh w"s j' rJh sK nkdw Bz{ f;o| ;dh wK dh
d/y^o/y ftZu SZv fdZsk frnk, fi; pko/ fejk iKdk j? fe T[j jw/Pk pj[[s Bidhe fojk . id'A
T[j 4 ;kbK dk ;h, T[;dh fizdrh ftZu fJZe wjZstg{oB xNBk tkgoh, feT[Afe T[;Bz{ fig;h dh
;w{j B/ nrtk eo fbnk ;h, fit/A jh T[BQK B/ T[;d/ bkgsk j'D pko/ d/fynk, T[;d/ gfotko B/
T[;dh Gkb eoBh P[[o{ eo fdZsh. T[; dh Gkb sd sZe ikoh ojh id sZe nkyoeko T[;Bz{fJZe
izrb ftZu BjhA fwfbnk frnk, fiZE/ T[;Bz{SZv fdZsk frnk ;h .
Ikjo s"o s/, fJ; siop/ B/ T[; Bz{ wB'ftfrnkBe Bshi/ BjhA SZfvnk, feT[Afe fJfsjk; ftZu
fwb/ foekovK nB[[;ko fJj ikfDnk iKdk j? fe T[j fJZe pokpo dk nfXn?B eoB tkbk ns/
fgnko eoB tkbk pZuk ;h, f;o| fJzM fe jw/Pk ewi'o jz[dk ;h ns/ n;kBh Bk+ fpwko j' iKdk ;h .
:{Bhtof;Nh dh gVQkJh ^ ;fwE dk gfotko nwho ;h, feT[Afe wkoro/N fJZe nwho ;EkBe wekB^wkbe dh Xh ;h, fJ;d/ ekoB
n?vw rbk;e' :{Bhtof;Nh ftZu gVQB d/ :'r ;h, T[;B/ 1737 ftZu gVQkJh d/ fJ; xo ftZu dk\b j'fJnk, id'A T[j wkso 14 ;kbK
dk ;h .
T[~E/ T[;B/ rfDs gqsh fJZe pj[[s wip{s fyZu wfj;{; ehsh, fJ; s'A fJbktk, fJ; ewo/ ftZu T[j gfjbh tko coKf;; u?;

66
 rOSn rwh

db/PB Bk+ ;zgoe ftZu nkfJnk, fi; B/ B?fse doPB dh f;Zfynk fdZsh ns/ fi;Bz{, ;fwZE d/ pknd ftZu ftukoK dk ekch gqGkt
j'D ti'A ikfDnk iKdk j? . fszB ;kb pknd T[;B/ rbk;e' ftZu nkgDh gVQkJh \sw ehsh s/ T[;Bz{ ;ekbofPg d/ e/ ;BwkfBs ehsk
frnk fi;d/ ekoB T[; Bz{ :{BkJhfNv fezrvw ftZu ;fEs pkbhUb ekbi ftZu gVQB dk w"ek fwfbnk.
;fwE B/ 1746 ftZu nkgDh gVQkJh \sw ehsh, id'A T[j 23 ;kbK dk ;h ns/ T[;/ ;kb T[j feoeebvh tkg; nkfJnk,
T[;B/ fJZe B"eoh bZGDh P[[o{ ehsh s/ T[;dh P[[o{nks fJZe b?euoko ti'A ;h.
ekbi d/ gq'c?;o ^ E'VQ/ ;w/A pknd T[;B/ nkekdfwe y/so ftZu fJZe yk; gqf;ZXh gqkgs ehsh feT[Afe T[;d/ b?euo noE;kPso,
fJfsjk; iK fJZE'A sZe fe fpnkBpkih tor/ ftfGzB ftfPnK Bk+ g/P nkT[Ad/ ;B, fJ; s'A fJbktk, T[j e[[M fbysK gqekPs eoB ftZu
ekw:kp fojk, n?fvBpor ;whfynk, fi;d ekoD T[j th tX/o/ ikfDnK ikD tkbk pD frnk . b?euoko ti'A fJ; ezw s'A pknd,
1751 ftZu n?vw ;fwE Bz{ rbk;r' :{Bhtof;Nh ftZu gq'c?;o d/ nj[[d/ bJh wzfBnk frnk, ;fwE fJ; ftP/ Bz{ gVQkT[D bJh fJZe ;kb
fojk s/ fco B?fse |b;c/ dhnK ebk;K gVQkT[D dk c?;bk ehsk feT[Afe fJj T[j y/so ;h i' jw/Pk T[;dh pj[[s o[uh oZydk ;h.
fJ;/ soQK siop/ B/ T[; Bz{ gq'c?;oK, ftdtkBK, p[ZXhihthnK s/ eko'pkohnK d/ ;w{j dk fjZ;k pDB fdZsk, \k; eo fJZE/ T[j nkdwh
;B i' p;shtkdh tgko d/ wkjo ;B s/ T[BQK ;oebK ftZu fJBQK nkdwhnK Bk rZbpks B/ T[; Bz{ gb dh nkofEe rshPhbsk pko/ pj[[s
e~[M f;ZyD dh nkfrnk fdZsh.
fJ; gq;zr d/ ftueko n?vw ;fwE B/ nkgDh gfjbh feskp 1759 ftZu gqekPB ehsh, B?fse GktBk dk f;XKs .
oiBh e"o,
2021^2023

fGqPNkuko dh p[[okJh Gkosh ;wki

dhnK iVQK ftZu vz{xh c?b rJh j?.
e'Jh th y/so nfijk BjhA j? i'
fGqPNkuko fGqPNkuko BK dk ehVk ;kv/
Gkosh ;wki Bz{ y'ybk eo fojk j?.
okPNo Bz{ fJ; s'A fet/A pukfJnk ikt/
fGqPNkuko s'A fBob/g j't/. fJj fJZe feT[Afe nfijk ;tkb j? i' wB Bz{
nfijk ifjo j? i' rbs b'eK d/ wB T[bMDk ftZu gkT[Adk j?. Gkos d/ b'e
ftZu c?b u[Zek j?, i' nkgD/ ikro{e BjhA jB . T[j ;wki ftZu
ftneshrs bkG bJh nkgDh skes gqufbs ;wki fto'Xh p[[okJhnK
s/ nj[[d/ dh d[[otos'A eod/ jB. fJBK fto[ZX nkgDh ntkI T[mkT[D s'A vod/
dk tZvk ekoB fJj j? fe fGqPNkuko jB. fGqPNkuko nfXekohnK T[s/
okiBhfse gqDkbh Bz{ ewi'o eo fojk brkJhnK ikD tkbhnK ;IktK th
j? s/ ;wki Bz{ PkPB d/D tkb/ ekBz{B dh Y[[ethnK BjhA jB.
wjZssk Bz{ B[[e;kB gjz[uk fojk j?. fJ; p[[okJh Bz{ \sw eoB
Gkos ftZu fGqPNkuko e'Jh BthA bJh m'; s/ wIp{s edw b?D dh b'V
rZb BjhA j?, fJj g[[okD/ ;w/A s'A jh j?. fGqPNkuko d/ wkwfbnK Bk+
;wki ftZu gqufbs j?. fJj fJZe BfiZmD bJh ck;N No?e ndkbsK
nfijk w~[dk j? fi; Bz{ Gkos dh ;Ekgs ehshnK ikDhnK ukjhdhnK
T[~u/ nj[[fdnK s/ f;o| jB ns/ ;ko/ wkwfbnK B{z fJZe
e/Adoh, ;{pkJh ns/ ;EkBe ;oekoh
nfXekoh jh BjhA pbfe nkw b'e th fBoXkos ;w/A d/ nzdo ehsk ikDk
J/iz;hnK dh noE ftt;Ek Bz{ p[[oh
fJ; ;wZf;nk bJh iK ngokX s'A ukjhdk j?. d'PhnK Bz{ ;\s ;IktK
soQK Bk+ gqGkfts ehsk j?. Bk f;o|
puD bJh, ;oekoh nfXekohnK Bz{ fdZshnK ikDhnK ukjhdhnK jB s/
fJ;B/ nkofEesk Bz{ T[ukJhnK sZe
foPts fdzd/ jB s/ fJ;/ soQK T[j \[[d Gkoh i[[owkB/ brkJ/ ikD/ ukjhd/ jB .
gjz[uD s'A o'fenk j? go d/P d/ ftek;
th fJ; d[[PN ngokX dk fjZ;k pD d/P dh GbkJh bJh fJ; soQK dk wkj"b
Bz{ mZg eo e/ oZy fdZsk j? . fJj
iKd/ jB. nZi^eZbQ b'e f;o| r+s f;ofink ikt/ fi; ftZu uzr/^Gb/ s/
;wki ftZu nwhoK s/ rohpK ftueko
ezw tk;s/ jh BjhA, pbfe ;jh ezw Bz{ fJwkBdko b'eK Bz{ fGqPNkuko s'A
;wkfie s/ nkofEe |oe dk tZvk
;jh tes s'A gfjbK eotkT[D bJh th w[esh fwb ;e/.
ekoB j?.
foPts d/D bZr rJ/ jB. nwBdhg e"o
2020^2022

67
 rOSn rwh

fIzdrh dk fJbw fXnk bU ih,

dZp e/ ;kfJz; s[[;hA gVQ bU ih .
Botany, Zoology s/ Morphology
Anatomy , Taxanomy s/ Physiology,
ub' ih Genetic Cell Biology,
Parasitology s/ Enthology,
Cell, uzd skok dh p[[fBnkd dh j? Fight
EuKryatic & PraKryotic ,,
Cell dhnK tZvhnK B/ d' fe;wK.
EuKryotic'u Nucleous Bz{oZyK.
ProKryotic Bz{ykbh w?A SZvK .
fijV/ nkgDh y[[oke nkg pDkT[Ad/ ,
Autotrophs ejkT[Ad/ .
fijV/ y[[oke fe;/ s'A b?Ad/ .
Hetrotrophs ejkT[Ad/ .
Plant cell ftZu cell wall wall,
Animal cell ftZu cell membrane All me Acceptor group AB ,
tksktoD
Cell membrane ftZu Cytoplasm fi;d/ ftZu Antigen AB . (eftsk )
Nuclear Wall ftZu Nuclear Plasma Veins n?;hnK BkVhnK, \so/ ftZu jB ;G
Xylem VesselsBk+hnK fijVhnK , fijVh fdb tZb y{B fbnktD . Xosh d/ iht ,
iVQK s'A gkDh fbnktD . Artery n?;hnK BkVhnK , nkT[ fwb e/ fJjBK Bz{pukU ,
Philom VesselsBk+hnK fijVhnK, i' fdb s'A y{B b? iktD . o~[y Bk eZN' ,
gZs/ s'A y[[oke b? iktD . Veins d/ ftZu Deoxygenated Blood , ;r'A tZX s'A tZX o~[y brkU ,
Mitosis & Meiosis Cell se;hw dhnK Artery d/ ftZu Oxygenated Blood , nkU fwbe/ tksktoD pukU .
fe;wK B/ d' . Pulmonary Artery d/ ftZu , o~[y jB pj[[s ehwsh
Meiosis ftZu uko ;?Zb pDB , Deoxygenated Blood fJjBK Bz{pukU .
Mitosis ftZu pDd/ B/ d' . Pulmonary Veins d/ ftu, o~[y fdzd/ jB nke;hiB ,
Biocatalyst Enzyme, Oxygenated Blood fJjBK Bz{nZr Bk brkU ,
Reaction Bz{s/I eod/ B/ Enzyme , Disystole s/ Bk+Systole , nkU fwbe/ tksktoB pukU .
Optimum Temperature 37, fwb e/ pDktD Heartbeat , izrb nkgD/ nkg T[~rDr/ ,
Optimum PH 07H Pulmonary Artries d/ ftu y{B, o[Zy, cb, c~[b ,tXDr/ ,
Molecule pDB s/ Anabolism , e'fJb e{e/ , w?Bk rkt/ ,
i/ izw ikt/ sK o~[e iKdh j? Heartbeat ,
Molecule N[ZND s/ Catabolism, jo gk;/ jfonkbh c?bkU ,
;hB/ ftu i' Pain j't/ , ;kj n"yk ^ n"yk
Photosynthesis eoe/ g"d/ Glucose nkt/ , nkU fwb e/ tksktoD pukU .
pBktD , o[ZyK 's/ gP{^gzSh ofjzd/ ,
fJj fpwkoh j? Heart Attack ,
Respiration eoe/ Animals ATP pBktD xkj^gZs/ yKd/ ofjzd/ .
Science ;G Bz{fJjh efjzdh ,
. xo Bk ed/ fJjBK d/ T[ikV' ,
fizdrh w[[ekT[Adk Heart Attack
ATP ftZu Molecule 3, ed/ Bk fJjBK Bz{;skU .
g{ik okDh,
Sugar , Phosphate s/ Bk+Adinond , ;?PB 2021^23, nkU fwbe/ tksktoB Bz{pukU
All me donar Blood Group O, o'b BzH 49 nwBdhg e"o,
fi;d/ ftZu Antigen B/ 2, ;?PB 2020^2022
o'b BzH 44

68
 rOSn rwh

tZyoh s/ o"ue ikDekoh

1H wBZ[y ;oho ftZu 206 jZvhnK, brGr s/ Bebh d[ZXK Bk+ pZu/ gkb/ iKd/ jB, ftd/PK BjhA j? .
650 wk;g/PhnK s/ 360 i'V jz[d/ jB . ftZu wzsoh fJzBh ;feT{oNh BjhA oZyd/ fizBh 8H eh s[;hA ikDd/ j' fe nkswk dk Gko fezBk
2H ;kvh nZy ftZu S'Nk fijk r'b jz[dk j? . Gkos 'u ;kX{nK ns/ r[zfvnK Bz{ fdZsh iKdh jz[dk j? < 1907 ftZu nwohek d/ Duncan
T[;Bz{Lecrimal Punctum efjzd/ jB . fJj j?, feT[A< HHHfeT[Afe ;kBz{ ;'u pdbD dh b'V Macdougall B/ fJZe y'i ehsh ;h, T[jBK B/
;kv/ BZe Bk+ i[[fVnk jz[dk j? . fJ; bJh id'A j? . 6 wohiK Bz{ fJZe ;g?Pb pDkJ/ rJ/ Gko s'bD
n;hA o'Ad/ jK ;kvk BZe tfjD bZr iKdk j? . 5H w?rBhPhnw fJZe nfijk sZs j?, fi;dh tkb/ p?Zr s/ oZfynk. id'A T[jBK dh w"s j'Jh
3H uZ[Neh tikT[D t/b/ g?dk j'Jh nktki ;kv/ ewh 75 gqshPs s'A finkdk Gkosh b'eK u sK T[jBK ;kfonK dk Gko 21 rqkw xZN ;h,
nzr{m/ s/ T[Arbh Bz{ orVB Bk+ g?dk BjhA gkJh iKdh j? yk;eo n"osK ’u. ;oho ftZu T[jBK B/ dkntk ehsk fe wB[Zy dh nkswk dk
jz[dh, pbfe n;b ftZu id'A s[[jkvh T[Arb fJ;dh ewh j'AD Bk+ EektN, G[Zy ’u ewh, Gko 21 rqkw jz[dk j?, fJjh gq:'r T[jBK B/ e~[M
jE/bh Bk+ NeokT[Adh j?, T[d'A nktkI ewi'oh tor/ bZSD fdykJh fdzd/ jB . e[ZfsnK s/ th ehsk go fe;/ th eZ[s/ dk Gko
nkT[Adh j? . nkgD/ G'iB (ykD/) ’u eki{, pdkw, eZd{ d/ BjhA xfNnk s/ vkH dk efjDk ;h fe e[ZfsnK
4H ;kfJz; efjzdh j? fe ;'Bk ;VQdk BjhA, go phi, fg;sk, nyo'N, johnK ;pihnK ns/ ftZu nkswk BjhA jz[dh . fJ; Bk+ ;zpzfXs
owkfJD nB[[;ko ;'B/ dh bzek ;VQ e/ ;[[nkj j' ;kps nBki Pkfwb eo'. fJ; Bk+ ;oho fJZe fcbw th pDh ;h , fi;dk Bkw ’21
rJh ;h. ;jh J/< jkb?Av 90 gqshPs ’u w?rBhPhnw dh ewh BjhA j't/rh. rqkwi' j?.
Bk;fse d/P j?, go Gkos fJZe Xkofwe d/P 6H pbZv roZ[g dh y'i eoB tkbk wjkB 9H G{o/ ozr d/ f;bzvo ftZu r?; jz[dh j? ^
j?, J/E/ sK oZp d/ xo uZgbK th iwQK ftnesh ;h ^ Krl Landsteiner jhbhnw.
eotkT[DhnK g?AdhnK B/, feT[A< f;oc Gkos 7H nIkdh pknd Gkos ftZu 61 cK;hnK 10H T[j iht fi;d/ gzi nZyK jz[dhnK jB ^
d/P u n;bh d[ZX gZEoK s/ v'b fdZsk iKdk j? j'JhnK, fJBQK ftZu e'Jh th n"os Pkfwb wX{wZyhnK.

fJZe gqf;ZX y'ieko Ekw; nbtk n?vh;B

nZi n;hA d[[BhnK d/ gqf;ZX y'ieko Ekw; nbtk n?vh;B pko/ uouk eoKr/.
fi;B/ nkgDh fwjBs ;dek d[[BhnK s/ ukBD dk dhg irkfJnk . Ekw; nbtk n?vh;B
dk iBw 16 cotoh, 1847 Bz{ nwohek ftZu j'fJnk. T[;d/ fgsk dk BK ';?w{b n?vh;B' s/
wksk dk Bkw B?B;h nbkfJN ;h. T[j nkgD/ ;Zs G?D^ GoktK s'A S'Nk ;h. E'VQk tZvk j'D
s/ T[;d/ wK pkg B/ T[; B z{;e{b gVQB G/i fdZsk. T[j id ;e{b iKdk sK T[j nfXnkge
Bz{tZX s'A tZX gqPB eodk s/ gqPB th nihp sK nfXnkge T[; s/ pj[[s r~[;k eod/. fJZe
fdB T[;B/ gzSh ehV/^we"V/ yk e/ T[Zvd/ t/y/ sK T[;B/ ehV/ ^ we"V/ nkgD/ d';s Bz{fgnk
fdZs/, fi; Bk+ T[j T[ZvD dh EK fp;so 's/ g? frnk. fco ;ko/ b'e T[;Bz{wzdp~[Xh efjD
bZr gJ/. T[;Bz{ ;e{b ftZu'A th eZY fdZsk frnk. fco T[;dh wK B/ T[;Bz{ys gVQ e/
;[[DkfJnk fe s[[jkvk p/Nk pj[[s j[[fPnko j?, T[j tZvk j' e/ ftfrnkBh pD/rk, fi;dh ;kv/
;e{b ftZu e'Jh b'V BjhA . fco wK B/ T[;Bz{ xo ftZu o;kfJfDe ftfrnkB dhnK
feskpK s/ gq:'r eoB bJh ;wkB fbnk e/ fdZsk.T[j o'I gq:'r eod/^eod/ pj[[s
B[[e;kB eoB bZrk fi; ekoB T[;dh wK B/ T[;Bz{xo'A eZY fdZsk. fco T[j o/bt/ ;N/PB
s/ n\pko t/uD dk ezw eoB bZrk. fJZe fdB T[j o/brZvh ftZu ;|o eo fojk ;h s/ T[j T[ZE/ jh gq:'r eoB bZr fgnk. fJZe dw
fJZe n?f;v Bhu/ v[ZbQ frnk s/ vZp/ ftZu nZr bZr rJh s/ o/brZvh d/ u?eo B/ T[;d/ ezB s/ EZgV wkfonk. fi; Bk+ T[;Bz{fJZe ezB s'A
;[[DBk jZN frnk. T[j pj[[s \[[P ;h feT[Afe T[;Bz{b'eK dhnK rZbK BjhA ;[[DBhnK g?DrhnK. T[;B/ 10,000 tko gq:'r ehsk go n;|b
fojk. fco T[;B/ fJZe e'fPP Gkt 10,001 tko gq:'r ehsk, pbp iZr fgnk. fi; Bk+ T[;B/ ;koh d[[BhnK Bz{ukBD eo fdZsk. T[;B/
nB/eK y'iK ehshnK T[;B/ jikoK tko e'fPP eoe/ th jko BjhA wzBh. ;r'A nkgDh wzfIb tZb nZr/ tXD dh e'fPP ehsh fco nfXnkge
tZb'A nkfJnk ys gVQdk j? fi; 's/ fbfynk ;h fe s[[jkvk pZuk pj[[s ewI'o j? s/ fJj e[[M BjhA pD ;edk. fco T[j ys gVQ e/ pj[[s
o'fJnk. T[; ;w/A T[;dh wK th wo u~[eh ;h. T[;Bz{32 ;kb dh T[wo ftZu ;cbsk fwb rJh ;h. i/eo T[;dh wK dk nk;ok Bk jz[dk,
w?Bz{BjhA bZrdk T[;Bz{;|bsk fwbdh. fJ; bJh ed/ fe;/ dh gq/oBk th ;cbsk d/ okj s/ gjz[uk fdzdh j?. Ekw; nbtk n?vh;B B/ pbp
dhy'i 21 nes{po, 1879 Bz{ehsh. Ekw; nbtk n?vh;B dh w"s 18 nes{po, 1931 Bz{ j'Jh .
Bti's ;o'J/,
;?PB 2021^23
o'b BzH 2
69
 rOSn rwh

iBw s/ gVQkJh ^ ;o irdhP uzdo p'; dk

iBw 30 Btzpo, 1858 Bz{fgsk w'wB f;zx d/
oo'bh fgzv (toswkB pzrbkd/P) u fIbQk
|ohdg[[o Ykek ftZu j'fJnk. nkg ih d/
irdhP uzdo p';
fgsk w'wB f;zx cohdg[[o ftZu T[g ihts jz[d/ jB . T[j fBoiht BjhA jz[d/ T[BQK
w?fi;Nqo/N s/ ;jkfJe efwPBo dhnK ftZu ikB jz[dh j? .
;/tktK fBGk oj/ ;B. fwnkoh ftZfdnk
T[jBK ;e{b ftu ehsh s/ fco vkeNo dh 5H g"fdnK dh p~[Xh wkgD bJh e/we'rqkc
gVQkJh bJh bzvB ub/ rJ/. nk\o ftZu izso dh y'i ehsh s/ fco p'; fJz;NhfuT{N
nkg B/ e[[dosh ftfrnkB ftZu fvroh dh ;EkgBk ehsh .
jkf;b ehsh. T[gkXhnK ^
Gkos tkg;h ^ 1885 ftZu nkg Gkos 1H 1896 ftZu vkeNo/N dh fvroh bzvB s'A
tkg; nkJ/ s/ gq?ihv?A;h ekbi e'beksk gqkgs ehsh .
ftZu gVkT[Dk P[[o{ehsk. T[jBK B/
:o{ghnBK Bk+'A nZXh sBykj fdZsh iKdh 2H fJj pDkJ/ j'J/ :zso 5 fwbhwhNo s'A 25 2H 1903 ftZu CIE ( Corporation of The
;h. T[jBK B/ fto'X ehsk s/ fszB ;kb fpBQK fwbhwhNo sZe ;kfJI tk+h ;{yw o/vhU Indian Empire) ti'A ;BwkB fdZsk frnk .
sBykj s'A gVQkT[Ad/ oj/. fpqfNP sozrk g?dk ehsh ik ;edh j? . fJj :zso 3H 1917 ftZu BkfJN dh T[gkXh fdZsh rJh
nfXekohnK B/ :'rsk d/y e/ fszB ;kb dh ;kfJI ftZu S'N/ ;B sK fJe irQk s'A d{ih .
;?boh fJeZmh d/ fdZsh . irQk nk;kBh Bk+ ik ;ed/ jB .
w"s ^ 3 Btzpo, 1937 ftZu nkg ih dh w"s
gqkgshnK ^ 1H 1894 ftZu irdhP uzdo 3H nZi d/ fow'N ezNo'b f;;Nw J/Bk j' rJh .
p'; B/ o/vhU s/ wkJheo't/t Optics dk sozrK's/ nkXkfos jB . irdhg f;zx,
nkftPeko (y'i) eoB tkb/ gfjb/ ;? P B 2020^22,
4H nkg B/ pB;gsh ftfrnkB ftZu wPj{o
ftfrnkBh ;B . o'b BzH 56
y'i ehsh, nkg B/ soe ;kps ehsk fe g"d/

rohro i'jB w?Avb

rohro i'jB w?Avb d/ fJZe ;dh gfjbK ihB d/ f;XKs dk toDB ehsk ;h, ihB B/ T[; ;w/A nX{o/
ekoe d/ s"o s/ ikfDnk ;h feT[Afe fJ; ftub/ ftP/; r[[D wkfgnK s'A pZfunK sZe fpBQK fe;/ o'e d/
nkgD/ nkg Bt/A r[[DK tkb/ pZfunK 'u spdhb j' iKd/ jB. rohro i'jB w?vb B/ gq:'r eoe/ d'
ekBz{Bh ftok;sh f;XKs g/P ehs/ ;B fi; eoe/ rohro Bz{i?B/fNe; ftfrnkB dk fgskwk fejk
iKdk j?. w?Avb B/ wNo d/ p{fNnK ftZu ;Zs r[[D ftP/PsktK Bz{b? e/ siop/ ehs/. fJ; ftZu p{N/ dh
T[ukJh, c~[b dh ;fEsh, cbhnK dk ozr, cbh dh Peb, phi dh gos dk ozr, nzdo{Bh r[[mbh dk
ozr ns/ phi dh Peb . w?vb Bz{T[; ;w/A ;?Zb ftGkiB ftXh pko/ e'Jh \po BjhA ;h. gozs{ T[; d/
nB[[;ko jo fJZe fBPkB d' ekoeK d/ o{g ftZu p{N/ ftZu w"i{d jz[dk j?.
fJ; ftZu fJZe fgsoh ftP/P r[[D d/ w[[V T[Gko eoe/ skesto, gqGktPkbh jz[dk j? s/
d{;ok dZfpnk s/ ewI'o jz[dk j? . fJ; Bz{gqGktPkbh s/ dph j'Jh ihB d/ Bkw Bk+ ikfDnk iKdk j? .
rohro i'jB w?Avb ekw:kp fojk feT[Afe T[; d[[nkok ehs/ p{N/ dh u'D 's/ ekp{ehsh B;be[[Ph dk
sohek pj[[s ckfJd/wzd fojk ;h. d' ;kbK sZe gq:'rK ftZu w?AvbK B/ p{N/ dh P~[Xsk Bz{;kfps ehsk .
nzfwqsgkb e"o,
;?PB 2021^2023, o'b BzH 13

70
 rOSn rwh

eh s[[;hA Albert Einstein fiBQK Bz{ Genius

th fejk iKdk j?, pko/ ikDd/ j' `
Albert Einstein Bz{ wkBt fJfsjk; dk ;G
s'A tZX p~[XhwkB ftnesh ;wfMnk iKdk j?.
T[BQK B/ thjthA ;dh d/ P[[o{nksh 20 ;kbK
sZe pj[[s ekYK eZYhnK jB. T[jBK B/
nkgDh y'iK d/ nkXko T[Zs/ r[[o{sk nkeoPe
tor/ eJh f;XKs fdZs/ .
T[j pj[[s wjkB ;B s/ b'e T[jBK
Bz{pj[[s g;zd eod/ ;B. T[j id'A th pkjo
iKd/ ;B sK b'e T[jBK s'A T[jBK d/ f;XKsK
dh ftnkfynk g~[Sd/ go T[j fe;/ Bz{ e~[M
BjhA ;B dZ;d/ . fJj th wzfBnk iKdk ;h
fe T[j rZ+K GZ[+ iKd/ ;B . T[BQK dh
:kdkPs ewI'o ;h. T[jBK dk nkgDk fJj
efjDk ;h fe T[j e'Jh wjkB ftnesh BjhA
jB, ;r'A T[jBK ftZu ifrnk;k e~[N^e~[N e/
Albert Einstein
;e{b ik e/ Bk \[[P ;h feT[Afe T[jBK dk r+sh BjhA ehsh, T[; ftnesh B/ ed/ e~[M
Goh j'Jh j? .
Einstein pugB s'A jh fJzB/ wjkB iK wzBDk ;h fe ;e{b ftZu nX{oh ikDekoh th BtK eoB dh e'fPP jh BjhA ehsh .
p~[XhwkB BjhA ;B pbfe T[j gVQkJh ftZu fdZsh iKdh j?. T[j ne;o T[ZE/ nihp f;Zfynk ^ T[jBK B/ fJj ;kfps
ewI'o ;B. fJZE'A sZe fe T[jBK Bz{wzd p~[Xh gqPB g~[Sd/ ;B. fi; eoe/ nfXnkgeK B/ eo fdZsk ;h fe fJe wzd p~[Xh bVek th
th nkfynk ikD bZr fgnk ;h . wzd p~[Xh nkyDk P[[o{eo fdZsk. pko^pko nkgDh fwjBs, brB s/ fdqV fJokd/ ;dek
T[jBK dk iBw 14 wkou, 1879 nkgD/ nkg Bz{ wzd p~[Xh ;[[DB s'A pknd eZ[M th jkf;b eo ;edk j? .
ftZu j'fJnk. iBw ;w/A s'A jh T[jBK dk T[jBK B/ nkg nB[[Gt j'fJnk fe T[BQK dh nkyoh tes ^18 April, 1955 Bz{
f;o ;kXkoB pZu/ s'A tZvk ;h. T[jBK p~[Xh dk ftek; BjhA j' ;fenk j?. fJ; 76 ;kb dh T[wo ftZu T[jBK dh w"s j'
Bz{pugB ftZu p'bD ftZu pj[[s efmBkJh eoe/ T[jBK B/ fJZe nfXnkge s'A g~[fSnk rJh. T[j nkg sK wo rJ/, go T[jBK dk
nkT[Adh ;h. 4 ;kb sZe T[jBK B/ e~[M th fe T[j nkgDh p~[Xh ftek; fet/A eo ;ed/ Bkw ;dhnK sZe fizdk oj/rk, T[jBK B/ eJh
p'bDk P[[o{BjhA ehsk. T[j pugB ftZu jB< fJ;s/ nfXnkge B/ T[jBK Bz{nkfynk, ekYK eZYhnK, fiBQK Bk+ nZi wB~[y Bz{pj[[s
nkgDh T[wo d/ pfunK Bk+ y/vd/ BjhA ;B nfGnk; jh ;cbsk dk w{b wzso j? . ;j{bsK fwb ojhnK jB . T[BQK B/ 300 s'A
pbfe T[jBK B/ nkgDh fJZe tZyoh jh fJZE/ sZe fe T[jBK d/ iBw fdB tZX ftfrnkfBe ns/ brGr 105 r?o
d[[BhnK pDkJh j'Jh ;h fe d[[BhnK fet/A 14 wkou Bz{ Genius Day d/ o{g ftZu ftfrnkBe g[[;seK fbyhnK. T[jBK d/ b/y
ubdh j? . wBkfJnk iKdk j?. T[jBK dk fJj th wzBDk th ekch gqufbs jJ/ .
fJj wzfBnk iKdk j? fe 5 ;kb dh ;h fe jo ftnesh jh Genius jz[dk j? . 1975 ftZu nkg d/ gfotko s'A nkfrnk
T[wo s'A jh T[BQK dh ftfrnkB tZb o[uh g?dk fe;/ th ftnesh Bz{iZi BjhA eoBk ukjhdk, b? e/ T[jBK d/ fdwkr 's/ y'i ehsh rJh.
j' rJh ;h. id'A T[jBK d/ fgsk ih B/ T[jBK sK jh T[;dh ;\Phns g{oB o{g ftZu fByo T[jBK d/ fdwkr d/ 20 N~[eV/ eoe/ tZy ^
d/ y/vD bJh fJZe Magnet fbnk e/ fdZsk. e/ ;kjwD/ nkt/rh . tZy wkfjoK ftfrnkBhnK e'b G/fink
go T[; ;w/A T[jBK d/ wB ftZu fJZe ;tkb Einstein nkg th pj[[s rbshnK frnk. nzs ftZu fJj gkfJnk frnk fe
;h T[ikro j'fJnk. Magnet dh ;{Jh eod/ ;B . T[j efjzd/ ;B r+sh eoBk T[jBK dk fdwkr wB~[yh fdwkr Bk+'A Gko
jw/PK T[~so fdPk tZb ofjzdh j?, feT[A < rbs BjhA j?. r+sh eoB iK j'D 's/ ed/ th ftZu S'Nk j? go T[jBK ftZu ;?ZbK dh frDsh
Gkt/A T[jBK dh pugB ftZu jh voBk BjhA ukjhdk . fJ; ’s/ T[jBK dk nkw wB~[yh fdwkr Bk+'A pj[[s fInkdk ;h.
ftfrnkB ftZu o[uh g?dk j' rJh, go T[j efjDk ;h fe fi; ftnesh B/ ed/ e'Jh nzfwqsgkb e"o,
;?PB 2021^23, o'b BzH 13

71
 rOSn rwh

gzikph ;ZfGnkuko
;ZfGnkuko Bk+ ikD gSkD ^ ;ZfGnkuko
s'A Gkt b'eK dh ihtB^iKu, fi; ftZu
gzikp d/ b'e rhs
T[jBK b'eK dk ofjD ^ ;fjD, feZs/,
o;w^fotkI, foPs/^Bks/, GkPk, gfjoktk,
wB'oziB d/ ;kXB s/ b'e ;kfjs nkfd
Pkfwb jz[dk j? .
fJ; soQK jh gzikph ;ZfGnkuko ftZu gzikp
'u t;d/ ofjD tkb/ b'eK dh ihtB iKu
nkT[Adh j?. n;hA gzikph ;ZfGnkuko d/ tZy
^tZy nzPK pko/ gVQKr/.
gzikp d/ b'e^rhs
b'e rhs fe;/ d/P d/ ;ZfGnkuko dk PhPk
jz[d/ jB i' fe ;ZfGnkukoe ihtB d/ Bk+
i[[V/ jz[d/ jB . b'e rhs b'e fdbK u'A nkg
w[[jko/ jh c~[Nd/ jB. fJjBK Bz{e'Jh ftP/P
ftnesh BjhA oudk pbfe fJBQK d/
ouBjko b'e nkg jh jz[d/ jB. b'e rhs
ghVQh do ghVQh wBK ftZu t;d/ nk oj/ jB.
b'e^rhsK dhnK tZy^tZy tzBrhnK ^
;[[jkr ^ ;[[jkr b'e rhsK dh w~[y tzBrh j? i'
fe e[[Vh d/ ftnkj ;w/A rkJ/ iKd/ jB .
fJjBK rhsK ftZu bkVh d/ ftnkj dhnK
wB'GktK fJZe ;'jDk to s/ tXhnk xo dh
bkb;k ftnkj[[sk ihtB dh ebgBk s/ NZgk ^ NZgk fJefjoh s[[e tkbk b'e rhs rkJhnK iKdhnK jB .
wkfgnK s'A ftSVB dk dod Pkfwb j? . jz[dk j? i' fe Y'beh Bk+ frZX/ iK Bku ftZu izrb ;[Zs/ gops ;[Zs/,
Bw{Bk ^ ;kv/ pkrK dh e'fJb ejK ubh, rkfJnk iKdk j? . NZg/ ftu fdb dhnK ;[Zs/ ;G dfonk .
XowhA pkpb d/ p'b g[[rk ubh . wB'GktBKtK s/ b'e ;ukJhnK g/P ehshnK ni/ ikrdk ;kvk ekek,
x'VhnK ^x'VhnK ftnkj d/ fdBhA wz[v/ d/ iKdhnK jB . BhAd/, S/sh S/sh nk .
xo fJ;sohnK tb'A rkJ/ ikD tkbk b'e s/o/ fdb dh w?+ Bk ikt/, p[[MkosK ^ p[[Mkos nkgD/^nkg ftZu fJZe
rhs j? . fJjBK b'e rhsK ftZu wz[v/ dk BkT[Adk fco/ shoEK 's/ . nfijk r[zbMdko gqPB jz[dk j? fi;dkk noE
ykBdkB dh PkB s/ wz[v/ dk T[;d/ wkfgnK s/ frZX/ ftZu BZudh dk , f;ZXk BjhA jz[dk, go T[; ftZu r{VQ/ noE
;ke ;zpzXhnK d/ w'j dk foPs/ pko/ dZf;nk s/ok d/t/ o{g d[[jkJhnK . S[[g/j[zd/ jB. p[Mkos n;b 'u wzB'oziB d/
iKdk j? . wz[v/ d/ GftZy bJh PZ[GekwBktK wkjhnk ^wkjhnk th NZg/ d/ tKr j? go Bk+^Bk} fdwkrh Pesh goyD bJh th
fdZshnK iKdhnK jB. fJj fszB ;soh b'e rhs j? . wkjhJ/ ftZu tosh iKdh j?.
Bw{Bk^ id'A sz{ izfwnK thfonk , finkdkso gq/w^Gkt jh d/yD Bz{fwbd/ jB ^ pks gktK, ps'bh gktK, ;[[D t/ GkJh jehwK,
jo/ fBzwK dh SK , szd{oh skJh j'Jhnk , bZeVhnK u'A gkDh eZYK,uZe pDktK YhwK
G{nk B/ fdZshnK b'ohnK , y;wK Bz{ykD o'NhnK, (rzBk s/ r[[V )
e'Jh Bdhd/ oZfynk BK fuZmh wkjhJ/ dh nkJh j'Jhnk . p[[MkosK Bz{ gzikph ftZu pksK th fejk iKdk
id'A sz{izfwnKthfonk , b'oh ^ b'oh ;kvk gfjbk b'e rhs fejk j? .
nkgDh p/p/ fozBh yho HHH iKdk j? . pZu/ Bz{d~[X fgnkT[D t/b/, nbkj[[DhnK ^ fJj ;'rwJh b'e^rhs dk
fyvkT[AfdnK, BjkT[AfdnK, wbkT[D ;w/A o{g j?, i' fe w"s d/ ;w/A rkfJnK iKdk j? .

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pzBK PrBK d/ ;/jo/ ,

nkgDh uhi Bz{d{;fonK dh uhi Bk+'A gsbh gszr iZNh d/ Bk+ d[[nk dz{c/o/ ,
T[; ;w//A woB tk+/ ftnesh d/ r[[DK fpjso dZ;/ ) gsbh gszr iZNh d/ HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
Bz{fJ;sohnK tZ+'A nbkfgnk iKdk j? . f;ZmDhnK ^ f;ZmDhnK th ftnkj i/m GoikJh ;zpzfXs ^
gzikph ;fGnkuko ftZu nbkj[[DhnK nkw Bk+ ;zpzfXs b'e rhsK dk jh nzP jB . w?A s/ imkDh shoEK sz{uZbhnK ,
eoe/ wok;D iK BkfJD gkT[Adh j?. ftnkj ftZu n"osK tZb'A f;ZmDhnK bkV/ i/m g~[S/ eZbhnK feZXo Bz{uZbhnK .
w[[jkto/ ^ w[[jkto/ ;kvh GkPk ns/ Bz{T[;d/ wkfgnK, ;zpzXhnK s/ iKRhnK rZvh dk f;rBb j'D bZfrnk ,
;ZfGnkuko dh fizd^ikB jB, fizBQK d/ Bz{w\"b eodhnK jB . fJj w\"b T[jBK d/ i/m wko e/ d[[jkEVk o'D bZfrnk
nZyoh noE eZ[[M j'o ikgd/ jB go n;b gfjokt/ ns/ ykD^ghD dhnK nkdsK pko/ i/m wko e/ HHHHHHHHHHHHHH.
ftZu noE e[[ZM j'o jz[dk j? . w[[jkto/ dh th ehs/ iKd/ jB . BBkD s/ GoikJh Bk+ ;zpzfXs p'bhnK ^
tos'A Bk+ ;kvh GkPk Bz{uko uzB bZr iKd/ Bw{Bk ^;kv/ sK ftjV/ w[ZY weJh dk xo B/ fiBQK d/ e'+' e'+h, y/s fiBQK d/
jB . dkD/ sK wzrdk T[Xb rJh dk fBnkJhnK,
Bw{Bk ^ ukdo gkT[Dh^(ftXtk Bk+ ftnkj GZmh sgkT[Dh gJh b? e/ r'ghnk uVQrh EVQ/ 's/, fuVhnK y{p
eotkT[Dk) fBbZfiU ` bZi s[[jkBz{BjhA ` T[vkJhnK,
rzY b?Dk ^(nkgD/ tZb eo b?Dk) p'bhnK ^p'bh dk foPsk gzikph b'e Bku frZXk gk ojhnK BDdK s/ GoikJhnK .
y/j SkDBh^ (ftjb/ fcoBk) frZX/ Bk+ j? . p'bh okjhA wB dh GktBktK ;Z;^Bz{j Bk+ ;zpzfXs p'bhnK ^
nykD ^ gzikph ftZu nykDK Bz{nykT[sK iK Bz{b?n^pZX sohe/ Bk+ g/P ehsk iKdk j? . ;Z; gekt/ o'NhnK ,
ejktsK fejk iKdk j? . fJjBK ftZu gzikph ;ZfGnkuko ftZu jo/e foPs/ w?A g/V/ frDdh nkJh ,
f;nkD/ pI[[orK d/ Iiop/ jz[d/ jB fiBQK Bk+i[[VhnK p'bhnK fwb iKdhnK jB fit/A ;Z;/ Bh pkoK skbhJ/ ,
Bz{gq;zr d/ o{g ftZu fJZe ;[[szso ftXh ftu fdUo^GoikJh , ;j[ok^Bz{j, G?D^GkJh w?A s/oQK skbh nkJh .
go'fJnk iKdk j? . ns/ gsh^gsBh Bk+ ;zpzfXs p'bhnK ^ fe;/ dh Bk ykDh J/ , ykDh J/ nkgD/ fjZ;/ dh
Bw{Bk ^ nkgD/ xo gekJhA Bk, ;kv/ xo Bw{B/ ^ fdUo^GoikJh Bk+ ;zpzfXs fBzdhJ/ Bk ;Z; , T[j th wK J/ fe;/ dh .
nkJhA Bk ^ (bkok bZgk bkT[D tkb/ p'bhnK ^nkik fdUok pfjik gbzx 's/, nwBdhg e"o
fJB;kBK bJh tofsnk iKdk j?.) fet/A wkodk r/V/ t/, 2020^22
nkgDh nZy, gokfJnk v/bk ^(id'A e'Jh g/fenK s'A s?B{z ;ke fbnkd{z,

World Ozone Day Rules For Success

. Try new think , things
1. World Ozone Day is celebrated on 16 September every . You can't Please
year. . Always Try to Improve
2. This day has been celebrated since 1994 and it . Don't Waste Time
established by Union Nation General Assembly. . Be Interested
3. We all know about this ozone saves earth from the . Think Positive
harmful UV rays of the sun. . Trust Yourself
4. Without an Ozone layer, harmful rays of the sun can . Be calm
reach on the earth and harm us. . Don't care what others think
5. The United Nation General Assembly declared the day . Concentrate on Your Goal
as World Ozone Day. . Always ready to Listen
6. Ozone is made up of three atoms of oxygen and is . Know what You want
present in Stratosphere. . Take a risk
. Have a Fun
Manpreet Kaur Mehra Manpreet Kaur Mehra
D.El.Ed. (2021-23) D.El.Ed. (2021-2023)

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Fall of Indian Rupee

the dollar. global equity markets which was
In simple words, it has to pay more triggered by hike in interest rate by the
rupee to purchase a dollar. U.S. Federal reserve, the war in Europe
Impact of depreciation - and growth concerns in China due to
Depreciation in rupee is a 'double edge' the Covid 19 surge rupee led to
swords for the Reserve Bank of India. depreciation .
. Positive - Weaker rupee should - Tightening of monetary policy.
theortically give a boost to India's - Depreciation of Rupee impact the
Fall of Indian Rupee
exports but in an envtironment of overall economy
Indian Rupee whose value was 3.3
uncertainty and weak global demand, a - The current account deficit is bound to
against 1 USD dollar in1919 now falls to
fall in the external value of rupee, may widen, depleting foreign exchange
on all time low of 79 rupees This is
not translate into higher exports. reserve and weakening the rupee.
depreciation of Indian rupee. Many
. Negative - It poses risk of imparted - With higher landed price of crude oil
questions aries in our mind by reading
inflation and may make it difficult for and other crucial imports, the economy
about the depreciation like, what
the central bank to maintain interest is definitely inching towards cost-push
depreciation is , who decides the value
rate at a record low for longer. inflation.
of currency, how it goes down and what
- India meets more than two thirds of its - Companies may not be allowed to fully
if one dollar is equals to one rupee
domestic oil requirements through pass on the burden of high costs to
answer to these questions are under :
imports. consumers,which , in turn , affects
* What depreciation is?
-A weaker currency will further escalate government dividend earnings, raising
- Currency depreciation means fall in
imported oil price and lead to a higher questions about budgeted fiscal
the value of currency in a floating
food infection. deficits.
exchange rate system.
# Reason for curreny depreciation of Nikki Bawa
- Rupee depreciation means rupee has
Indian rupee ? 2021-23
become less valuable with respect to
Self - off the equity : A set off in the

Harvesting
It is capturing, Collection and storage of raing
water and surface run off for filling either small water
bodies or recharging ground water.
Nowdays, when level of ground water continuously
decrease we have to conserve as much as water we can. Jammu& Kashmir:- Ponds and Kur
Water harvesting is the best method. It is an old concept * Underground Dams :- Run off and rainwater is stored in
when ancient people had tried all the possibilities to save underground dams connected to crop fields and surface
every drop of rainwater .Mega Projects has number of water tanks.
drawbacks so that places can be - small pits , Ponds , lakes , . Rooftop Harvesting :- Rain water falling over roofs is
watershed system , dams , rooftop collecting system etc. directly stored into above/ below ground tanks .
Traditional Water Harvesting System . Dams :- By constructing dams , flooded area and water
Himachal Pradesh:- Kulh (system) deficient area both are benefited .
Rajasthan :- Khetri , Khadin Himanshu
2020-22
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 rOSn rwh

Biography
Stephen William Hawking (1942 - 2018 )
Stephen William Hawking was the
theoretical physicist and Cosmologist
.He was born on January 8, 1942 in 1642(as per the Gregorian calender)
Oxford , England . in England .
Father name - Frank Hawking After getting his Bachelor degree, he
Mother name - Isobee Hawking studied Math, Physics, Optics and
Discoveries - He become member of Astronomy.
Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge He discovered the gravitational Force
in 1968 . In 1970 , Hawking discovered which make capable to predict
2nd Law of Black Hole. Mechanics movement of celestial objects.
/Dynamics and proposal all 4 laws of He also worked in calculus which
Black Hole mechanics. provide us potent mathematical tool.
In 1973 - become fellow of Royal Newton refined Galileo's ideas and
Society laid the foundation of mechanics in
In 1975 - He was awarded the terms of three laws of Motion, which
Eddington Medal and pins , XI gold gave birth to Newtonian mechanics.
medal , followed by Dannie Heineman Lucasian professor of Mathematician Newton's law of motion also defined
prize , the Macwell prize etc . at Cambridge University. the concept of inertia and force.
.Appointed as a professor in . In 1985, he lost his voice after a One of Issac's famous inventions was
Gravatational physics in 1977, and tracheotomy. As a result of this, he the reflecting telescope.
received Albert Einstein Medal & require 24 hours care. His famous book was principia
Honorary Doctorate from university
of Oxford. Issac Newton Mathematica.
In 1727, Sir Issac Newton died.
. In 1979, he gradually started losing Issac Newton is one of the great Diya
control over his speech, and during scientist in the world of physics. D.El.Ed (2021-2023)
this time, he was appointed as He was born on 25th December

Medicinal Plants many ailments , including fever, common cold ,

brouchitis, & even pneumonia .Its oil is used as an
* Quinine, obtained from bark of this tree, is used to make antiseptic :- Eucalyptus.
an effective remedy for malaria , cinchona. * A popular Kitchen ingredient, this plant used an
* Juice of this plant is used for making csmatics and antibiotic and antiseptic .According to chinese system ,
medicines for treating burns and diabetes aloevera. this is believed to be capable of preventing and curing
* The oil from this herb is used for reducing hair fall some cancers :- Garlic
bhringraj . * The oil from this plant is often recommended for
*Fruit of this plant is believed to be very effective in toothaches :- Clove
improving digestion , purifying blood and treating cold * It is one of most commonly found Indian trees & atmost
and cough :- Amla all parts of this tree are believed to have medicinal
*These husks of seeds of plant called psyllium are used to properties. Its oil, is also used as an insect repellent :-
treat constipation and other bowed syndromes :- Isabgol Neem
This tall tree is used in traditional medicine for treating Himanshu
2020-22

75
 rOSn rwh

Question Your Mind

actually set. Similarly, we can see sun droplets scatter more red light. As all,
about 2 minutes before it actually rise. colours are scattered through droplets
3. What if earth had no atmosphere? in cloud, resultant light is white .Thus
If no atmosphere, there would be no clouds appears white.
gas present in atmosphere. Then there 7. Danger Signals are of red colour?
will be no scattering of light on earth. When light emitted form signals, all
Hence sky appears dark. Thus, in space colours are scattered much more than
due to absence of atmosphere, then the red colour. Red colour scattered
sunlight would be visible only if we look least, which in turn illuminates signal
direct at the sun even stars will be seen significantly. Thus, danger signals can
in daytime. be seen from very far off distances.
4. Why colour of sky is Blue? Among, all colours, red light is
Atoms, molecules of gas present in scattered least by smoke or fog. Hence,
atmosphere scatter sunlight. Since red signals are visible ever through
1. Twinkling of stars:- Light from stars
wavelength of red colour is larger than smoke or fog.
passes through different atmosphere
other colours and it scattered least. Himanshu
layers of earth. The atmosphere of
Violet colour is scattered more D.El.Ed. (2020-22)
earth is not uniform and consists of
followed by blue, green, yellow ,
many layer with differente densities.
orange and red colours . Our eye is
Layers close to surface of earth are
more sensitive to violet colour (light)
optically denser. As, we go higher its
density continuously decreases. As
.Blue colour scatter most. Thus, sky All About Newton
appears blue.
lights from stars enters upper Sir Issac Newton,
5. Why sunset and sunrise are Red?
atmosphere, it bend towards normal
At time of sunrise and sunset, position Was a very clever man .
as it enters the next layers. This process
of Sun is very far away from us. The He was always asking questions,
continuous till the light enters our eye
sunlight has to travels longer distance And he always had a plan.
due to refraction of light. The apparent
in atmosphere before reaching our He did many experiments ,
position of the star layers are mobile
eyes. Due to small wavelength, all the
due to continuously change in To find out why and how .
colour of white light scattered more
temperature and density changes of He invented maths called calculus
than that red lights. Thus more red
layers. Hence, apparent position of star
lights reaches our eyes. Hence sunrise Which we still use now.
changes continuously. This change in
& sunset appears red. During noon, He swapped lenses for mirrors,
apparent position leads to Twinkling of
Sun is oberhead and sulight travels less In his brand- new telescope.
Stars.
distance in earth's atmosphere & reach
2. We can see sun for few minutes even The new invention worked much better,
our eye .Scattering of all colours is very
after it has actually set :- Actual sun Which had always been his hope.
small. Thus, sun appears white.
sets when it is below the horizon in One day he was set,
6. Why do clouds are white?
evening. The rays of light from sun
Clouds are made of water droplets of Under an apple tree.
below horizon reach our eyes because
different sizes. These droplets scatter An apple hit him on the head,
of refraction of light. So these rays
different colours. For e.g. tiniest And he discovered gravity.
appear to come from apparent
droplets scatter blue lights.Droplets of
positions of sun which is above the
size greater than tiniest droplets Harmanpal Kaur
horizon. Hence we can see sun for few
scatter more green lights and largest 2021-23
minutes (about 2 min.) even after it has
76
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ikfrqsh i?B
P?;B 2020^22

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ozr dh d[BhnK dk wjZst

wB[Zyh ihtB ftu ozrK dk pj[s wjZst j?, e[dos e'b nEkj ozr jB,
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jh ozr ;kB{z nkgD/ tZb nkeofPs eoB bZr iKd/ jB. ozr pozr/ s/ \{p;{os
fyvkT[D/, ;'jDhnK g[PkeK ;kB{z ozrK dh d[BhnK Bkb i'V fdzdhnK jB. fJzM e[dos
d/ ozr ;kvh o{j B{z ;e{B d/Dk P[o{ eo fdzd/ jB. wB[Zyh wB T[Zs/ gqkfesh dh
\{p;{osh, po|K Bkb bZd/ gjkVK s'A y[o e/ nkT[Adh po| s/ T[; s'A pDd/ \{p;{os
MoB/, g?bK gkT[AdhnK s/ fBtkD tZb nkT[AdhnK BdhnK, dfonk, gzShnK dhnK
T[vkoK, wB[Zyh wB nzdo ;[ji GodhnK jB s/ fJzM wB[Zyh wB S[g/ T[jBK fynkbK B{z
ozr ftu v[p' e/ p[oP Bkb e?Bt; dh Sksh ’s/ \{p;{os fdqP f;oidk j?.
w?B{z pj[s y[Ph fe j? fe w/oh ;z;Ek vkfJN nfjwdg[o (wkB;k) d/
f;fynkoEh nfXnkgeK B/ nkgD/ nzdobh f;oiDk B{z ozr, ekrI ns/ p[oP Bkb
;koEe neko fdZsk j?. :ehBB f;fynkoEhnK dhnK fJj s;thoK fiZE/ wB[Zyh
pbs/i f;zx
wB B{z PKsh ns/ ;e{B d/DrhnK, Bk+ jh ;wkie p[okJhnK fto[ZX ntkI p[bzd
eoBrhnK. ;kv/ ;ko/ fuZsoeko ozr, p[oP ns/ ebw Bkb i[V/ ofjD, fJjBK PpdK
Bkb w?rIhB ‘okj o"PB’ dk ;[nkrs j?.
pbs/i f;zx,
nkoN n?Av eokcN Nhuo $ ;zgkde, ebk Gkr

g/P j? gkmeK ;kjwD/ ;kvh vkJhN tZb'A ;kbkBk gqekfPs ehsk ikD tkbk
w?rIhB ‘okj o"PB’ . ;kB{z pj[s \[Ph j? fe fJ; w?rIhB ftZu ;zgkdeh dk w"ek
fwfbnk j?. w?rIhB fJ~e :kdrko ofj iKdh j?. T[; ;w/A dh, T[; tes d/ ;koEe
wkj"b dh, T[jBK f;fynkoEhnK dh ;'u dh fJZe :kd. w?rIhB d/ fJ; Gkr ftZu
f;fynkoEhnK B/ nkgD/ wB'^GktK B{z fuZso ebk d/ o{g ftZu do;kT[D dh e'fPP
ehsh j?. f;fynkoEhnK tZb'A w?rIhB ftZu tZX^uVQ e/ fjZ;k b?Ad/ j'J/ nkgDh ;'u
fBZeh pktk w[skfpe fuZso^ s;thoK o{j Bk+ pDk e/ fdZshnK rJhnK jB, T[whd j? s[jkB{z
fJj g;zd nkT[DrhnK. ebk ftnesh dh nkgDh ;'u B{z do;kT[Adh j?. fJ; bJh
Henry World Beacher B/ fejk j?L^
"Every artist dips his brush in his own soul, and paints his own nature
into his pictures".
Henry Ward Beacher.
nzs ftZu n;hA fgqz;hgb vkH p[Nk f;zx ;/y'A, fJ; w?rIhB d/ w[Zy ;zgkde
;qH frnkBdhg f;zx ufjb, ;w{j nfXnkgeK d/ Bk+^Bk+ f;fynkoEh ;kEhnK
dk XzBtkd eod/ jK.
ftfdnkoEh ;zgkde, ebk Gkr
^ fBZeh pktk,
joihs e"o 2021^23
joihs e"o
2021^23

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d[BhnK dh ;G s'A wfjzrh ns/ oj~;wJh g/AfNzr w'Bk
bhik, fijVh fe ‘dk ftzuh’ tZb'A pDkJh rJh. fJ; gA/fNzr
ftZu pj[s oki S[g/ j'J/ jB. w'Bk bhik dh g/AfNzr 500 ;kb
gfjbK dk ftzuh tZb'A pDkJh rJh ;h. ftfrnkBhnK dk wzBDk
j? fe w'Bkbhik dh w[;ekB nbZr^nbZr fdPk s'A fdykJh,
fdwkr ’s/ fBoGo eodh j?. fit/A s[;hA T;d/ fujo/ B{z d/yDk
ukj'Ar/, T[j T[;/ soQK fdykJh d/t/rk. ebkeko B/ g{o/ 12 ;kb
bZr/, w'BkbhIk d/ fJeZb/ p[Zb pDkT[D bJh. fJjh ekoB j? fe
T[;d/ p[Zb jZ; th oj/ jB, o' th oj/ jB, nfs r[Z;/ d/ th Gkt
fit/A s[;hA d/y'Ar/, T;/ soQK BIo nkT[Dr/. 21 nr;s, 1911
B{z g?fo; d/ fwT{finw ftZu ezw eoB tkb/ B/ fJ;B{z u'oh
ehsk, T[;dk wzBDk ;h fe fJ;B{z tkbk dk ftzuh fJNbh dk
ofjD tkbk ;h. fJ;/ eoe/ fJ;B{z fJNbh d/ fwT{ihnw ftZy/
fdykfJnk ikt/ Bk fe g?foP ftu. fJ;/ eoe/ fJ;B{z S/
wjhfBnK dh e?d j'Jh.
nzs sZe fe;/ B{z e'Jh m'; ;p{s BjhA fwb/ fe
w'BkbhIk j? e'D ;h. b'eK dk wzBDk j? fe dk ftzuh dh s;tho
;h i' fe fJZe n"os d/ o{g ftu ;h. pj[s ;ko/ b'e efjzd/ jB
fe dk ftzuh B/ nkgDh wK dh s;tho pDkJh ;h. id'A
ftfrnkBeK B/ fJ; dh y'I ehsh sK gsk bZfrnk fe fJ;
g/AfNzr B{z fJZe s'A T[Zgo fJe fszB pko pDkfJnk frnk j?.
wsbp fe gfjbK fe;/ j'o dh s;tho i' fe j?okB eo d/D
tkbh rZb j?. fJ; gA/fNzr s/ ;w/A ;w/A T[~s/ eJh jwb/ th j'J/.
1956 ftZu N{fo;N B/ fJ; ’s/ gZEo ;[ZfNnk s/ fJe ftnesh
B/ n?f;v th ;[ZfNnk ;h. fJ; eoe/ fJ;B{z p[bN go{c PhP/
ftZu oZfynk frnk.
fJj gA/fNzr pj[s S'Nh j?, i' fe 30x21 fJzu j?. fJj g/AfNzr
ekri ’s/ BjhA ;r'A gkgbo dh bZeV s'A pDkJh rJh j?. i/eo
fJ; g/AfNzr B{z fXnkB Bkb d/fynk ikt/ sK fJj g/AfNzr nX{oh
j?, fJ; ftu w'Bkbhik dhnK ;/bQhnK (Eye Brow) BjhA
ftykJh fdzdhnK. s[;hA j?okB j't'r/ fe fJ; gA/fNzr ftZu dk
ftzuh B/ J/bhnB pDkJ/ jB. fJZe nkdwh dk efjDk j? i/eo
fJ; s;tho B{z PhP/ Bkb i'V e/ d/fynk ikt/ sK fJ; ftZu
J/bhnB BIo nkT[Adk j?.
;zdhg f;zx
2020^22

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2020^22 joihs e"o
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ikDekoh Gfonk j?.
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j?. nZi n;hA xo p?m/ jh jo ikDekoh gqkgs eo ;ed/ jK, fJj ;G
ezfgT{No ns/ seBhe iohJ/ jh ;zGt j' ;fenk j?.
i/eo rZb eohJ/ p?fezr ;?eNo dh, sK nZi d/ ;w/A ftZu
d/D^b?D eoB dk ezw w'pkfJb c'B dh tos'A okjhA eod/ jK. w'pkfJb
c'B ftZu tZy tZy soQK dhnK n?g; dh tos'A eoe/ p?Ae nekT[AN dh
ikDekoh oZy ;ed/ jK. o/bt/ fNeN, fe;/ ;EkB dh ;fEsh, skgwkB,
nkBbkJhB toe nkfd pko/ ezfgT[No jh ;koh ikDekoh gqdkB eodk
j?.
fJ; ;?ePB ftZu n;hA ;zgkdeh ekoi eofdnK, ezfgT{No dh
tZy^tZy iBo/PBK, ;koN ehn, w'pkfJb dh tos'A, w?woh :{fBN,Full
Form of Computer nkfd ;kfwb ehsk frnk j?.
n;hA ftfdnkoEh ;zgkde j'D d/ Bks/ d[pkok fco fJ; ;z;Ek
d/ pko/ fwjBsh ;Nkc w?ApoK, w[Zy ;zgkde ns/ ezfgT{No Bkb ;zpzXs
irdhg f;zx ouBktK d/D tkb/ ;ko/ f;fynkoEhnK d/ fdb'A XzBtkdh jK.

ftfdnkoEh ;zgkde ^
e[bfizdo e"o, ;zgkde
2020^22
irdhg f;zx, ;fj ;zgkde
2020^22
ezfgT{No Gkr

82
 rOSn rwh

ezfgT{No dh tos'A

ezfgT{No fpibh ’s/ uZbD tkbk T[geoD j?. fJ; dh tos'A pj[s ;ko/ y/soK ftZu ehsh iKdh j? i' j/m fby/ nB[;ko jB L
1H f;ZfynkL ezfgT{No dh tos'A B'fN; fsnko eoB, vokfJzr eoB, f;ZfynkdkfJe gq'i?eN fsnko eoB, Bshik pDkT[D,
ftfdnkoEhnK dk vkNk ;N'o eoe/ oZyD bJh ehsh iKdh j?.
2H wB'oziBL n;hA ezfgT{No okjhA d/PK^ftd/PK d/ tzB^;[tzB/ rhs ;[D ;ed/ jK, fcbwK d/y ;ed/ jK ns/ r/wK y/v e/ ftjb ;w/A
wzB'oziB eo ;ed/ jK.
3H y/vK pko/ B[es/ L n;hA ezfgT{No dh tos'A eoe/ y/vK d/ y/so ftZu fyvkohnK dh ekoi e[Pbsk tXkT[D bJh eo ;ed/ jK.
4H ;zukoL d{o^d[okv/ p?m/ ftnesh Bkb skbw/b eo ;ed/ jK. ezfgT{No dh tos'A Bkb n;hA thvhU ekb eoe/ nkgD/ ftuko ;KM/
eo ;ed/ jK.
5H d[ekBdkoK bJh T[g:'rskL ezfgT{No dh tos'A eoe/ d[ekB bJh ;wkB wzrtkT[D ;zpzXh nkovo d/D ftZu wdd fwbdh j?. d[ekB
ftZu w"i{d ;wkB dk fj;kp n;kBh Bkb oZfynk ik ;edk j?.
6H j;gskbL j;gskb ftZu wohIK dk foekov ezfgT{No ftZu doi eoe/ oZfynk iKdk j?. fJ; Bkb wohi dh d/y^o/y nk;kBh
Bkb j' iKdh j?.
7H p?Afezr ;?eNoL ezfgT{No dh tos'A Bkb ;ko/ ykfsnK dk gqpzXB iK fj;kp^feskp nk;kBh Bkb eo ;ed/ jK. ATM dh tos'A
eoBk ezfgT{No dh wdd Bkb ;zGt j' ;fenk j?.
ezfgT{No dh wdd Bkb Nq/BK, pZ;K ns/ jtkJh ijkiK d/ nkT[D^ikD dk ;wK d/y ;ed/ jK. fJ; dh tos'A n\pko ns/ feskpK
SkgD bJh th ehsh iKdh j?. pZ;K ns/ jtkJh ijkIK dhnK fNeNK p[Ze eo ;ed/ jK, w";w dh ikDekoh b? ;ed/ jK. ;oekoh
d|soK ftZu ezfgT{No dh tos'A fpZbK dk G[rskB bJh th ehsh iKdh j?.
;[ydhg e"o,
o'b BzL 30, 2021^23

83
 rOSn rwh

C Progamming Language
;h GkPk dk fvikfJB p?b b?p'o/Noh ftZu v?fB; fouh tZb'A ehsk frnk .
;h GkPk dh tos'AL^ pj[s ;ko/ ;kcNt/no ;h GkPk ftZu fsnko ehs/ iKd/ jB fit/AL^
! ftzv', bkfJB?e;, :{fBe; nkgo/fNzr f;;Nw.
! To/eb OBMS, MYSOL, Apache Web Server
! ;?ZNNkg pke; ns/ ;?N/bkfJN Bkb i[V/ ;kcNt/no
! iPhone ns/ iPad dhnK n?g;
! tZy^tZy ;h gq'rokfwzr GkPktK d/ ezgkfJbo, n;?Apbo ns/ fJzNogq?No
! r/wK ns/ n?Bhw/PB ;kcNt/no
! e/tb ;h fJZe nfijh GkPk j? i' jovt/no (w?woh) CPU Bkb f;ZX/ s"o 's/ j?. fJ;/ ekoB fvihNb :zsoK bJh
tos/ iKd/ ;kcNt/no ;h GkPk ftZu fsnko ehs/ iKd/ jB. ;h GkPk fJZe fwvb b?tb gq'rokfwzr GkPk j?. fJj
ewKv dk ;?N j? i' f;;N/w?fNe ezw eodhnK jB. fJ; ftu ;N/Nw?AN ns/ czePB tos/ iKd/ jB. fJ; ftZu
jdkfJsK fbyhnK iKdhnK jB. fJjBK jdkfJsK d/ nXko 's/ nkT{Ng[N gqkgs j[zdh j?.
Bti's ;o'J/,
2021^23, o'b BzH 2

84
 rOSn rwh

fJzNoB?N pko/ ikD^gSkD

ikD gSkDL nZi d/ :[Zr ftZu fJzNoB?~N dh
tos'A pj[s tX rJh j?. fJzNoB?~N B{z wB[Zy
bJh pj[s tZvh d/D wzfBnk frnk j?.
j'AdL 1986 ftu B?PBb ;kfJz; ckT{Av/PB B/
NSF BK dk fJZe B?~Ntoe pDkfJnk, fJjBK
B?~NtoeK ftZu ;[go ezfgT{NoK dh ;KMh
tos'A ehsh iKdh ;h. 1990 ftZu fvc?A;
fvgkoNw?AN B/ ezw eoBk pzd eo fdZsk ns/
fJj NSF B?Ntoe Bkb i'fVnk frnk. fJ;
d/ gfoDkw ti'A fJzNoB?~N j'Ad ftu nkfJnk
i' fe n;hA nZi^eZb tos oj/ jK.
fJzNoB?~NL nZi d/ ;w/A ftZu fJzNoB?~N
wB[Zy bJh pj[s ckfJd/wzd j?. fJj fJZe
pj[s T[Zsw seBhe j?. fJzNoB?~N B/ g{oh
d[BhnK ;kvh w[Zmh ftZu ;w/N e/ oZy fdZsh
j?. fJzNoB?~N dk noE j?^ fJzNoB?PBb nkU ikDhJ/
B?Ntoe nk| ezfgT{NoI.
fJzNoB?~N bJh io{osK^
jkovt/no io{osK, ;kcNt/no io{osK
ATM Card pko/
fJzNoB?~N d[nkok gqdkB ehshnK ikD
ATM ekov fJZe p?Ae ekov j[zdk j? i' ATM sZe gj[zu eoB bJh tofsnk iKdk
tkbhnK ;j{bsKL^
j?. n;b ftZu e'Jh th bkGgksoh fi; e'b ;/ftzr yksk j?, T[; B{z p?Ae fJZe
fJzNoB?~N ;ko/ ;z;ko dk fJzNo^B?Ntoe j?.
ekov th ikoh eodh j?. fi;dh tos'A fJZe ATM ftZu v?fpN iK eq?fvN ekov d/
fJzNoB?~N Bkb ;z;ko gZXo ’s/ jIkoK
o{g ftZu th ehsh ik ;edh j?. jkbKfe, eZ[M p?Ae f;oc J/Nhn?w ekov th ikoh
B?~Ntoe i[V/ j'J/ jB. fJzNoB?~N ;kv/ eJh
eod/ jB, i' f;ZX/ s"o ’s/ yohodkoh eoB bJh tos/ ik ;ed/ jB.
ezw nkT[Adk j? fit/A feL
id'A e'Jh ftnesh p?Ae ftZu iwQK yksk y[bQtkT[Adk j?, sK T[;B{z yks/
!d[BhnK Go dhnK \poK dh
ftu czvK sZe gj[zu eoB bJh ne;o fJZe G[rskB ekov fdZsk iKdk j?.
ikDekoh ! ebk ns/ wzB'oziB
finkdkso wkwfbnK ftZu, ekov fJZe v?fpN ekov,fJe eq?fvN ekov j't/rk.
! p?Afezr ;/tktK ! nkB^bkJhB Pkfgzr
yohddkoh eoB s'A fJbktk, fJj ;ko/ ekov ATM ekovK d/ s"o ’s/ ezw eod/ jB
! u?fNzr ! fuZmhnK G/iDk
wsbp fe fJjBK dh tos'A ATMs/ g?;/ eYtkT[D bJh ehsh ik ;edh j?.
(Jhw/b) ! thfvU ekBco?f;zr !
ATM ekov fJZe fBZih gSkD Bzpo (PIN) Bkb ;[Zofyns j[zd/ jB. ATM
f;js ns/ szdo[;sh pko/ ikDekoh
rqkjeK B{z Bed iwQK eoB ns/ eYtkT[D d/ Bkb T[BQK d/ pekJ/ dh iKu eoB dh
fJ; bJh efj ;ed/ jK fJzNoB?N
fJikIs fdzd/ jB, go ikoh eoB tkbh ftZsh ;z;Ek Bkb ;zpzfXs Bk j'D Bkb
pj[s finkdk T[g:'rh j?. fJzNoB?AN dh
ATM s/ ATM CARD dh tos'A eoB t/b/ rqkjeK B{z ch; iK e[ZM tkX{ukoi ndk
tos'A eoe/ n;hA d[BhnK Go dh ikDekoh
eoB/ g?Ad/ jB.
jk;b eo ;ed/ jK Bkb jh nkgD/ frnkB
e[bfizdo e"o,
ftZu tkXk eo ;ed/ jK.
o'b BzL 21, ;?PB 2020^22
wBgqhs e"o,
;?PB 2020^22, o'b Bzpo 27

85
whvhnk dh Mks
|yo d/ g+

86
87
s;tho Gkr ^ wkDw~shnK s;thoK

88
DIET
CAMPUS
joi's f;zx p?A;
f;~fynk wzsoh,