Cambridge Lower Secondary Sample Test

For use with curriculum published in

September 2020

Science Paper 1
Mark Scheme
Stage 7

Science_S7_01_MS/7RP
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General guidelines on marking

Many descriptive answers can be expressed in a variety of ways. Professional judgement can be
used in these cases, providing it matches the marking points and further information in the mark
scheme.

Answers may have words spelt incorrectly. Credit is normally given for phonetically correct answers,
unless the word has a scientifically different meaning. For example, where the answer should be
antennae, credit will be given for antena but not for anthen (too close to anther).

Only the science is being assessed, so answers do not need to be grammatically correct.

Significant figures will be indicated in the question or in the mark scheme.

Unless specified all marking points are independent.

Annotations and abbreviations

/ OR alternate responses for the same marking point

( ) brackets the words or units in brackets do not need to be stated, for example, (recycles or
releases or provides) minerals = minerals scores the mark

underline exact word is required

Accept an acceptable response

Do not accept indicates an incorrect response that would contradict another otherwise correct
alternative

Ignore indicates an irrelevant answer that is not creditworthy. Full marks can still be
achieved even with answers that are ignored.

Note provides extra information when necessary

ecf error carried forward; marks are awarded if an incorrect response has been carried
forward from earlier working provided the subsequent working is correct

ora or reverse argument; for example, as mass increases, volume increases could be
written as mass decreases, volume decreases

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Question Answer Marks Further Information

1(a) A – cell membrane 3 each correct answer = 1 mark

B – cytoplasm

C – nucleus

1(b) any two adaptations and linked explanations from 4 adaptation = 1 mark

large surface area or large surface area : volume ratio = linked explanation = 1 mark
1 mark
which increases the uptake of oxygen = 1 mark Accept adaptations and explanations anywhere
in the answer
no nucleus = 1 mark
so more space to carry oxygen = 1 mark Accept biconcave / flat disc shape = 1 mark
so large surface area for diffusion of oxygen =
haemoglobin = 1 mark 1 mark
to transport oxygen = 1 mark

flexible (membrane) = 1 mark

so it can fit through (the smallest) blood vessels = 1 mark

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Question Answer Marks Further Information

2 The butterflies breed together and all their 1 more than one box ticked = 0 marks
offspring are female.
Accept any indication of the correct answer, e.g.
circling or underlining but ticking takes
The butterflies breed together but do not produce precedence
offspring.

The butterflies breed together and produce fertile

offspring. 

The butterflies breed together and produce

offspring that are not fertile.

Question Answer Marks Further Information

3 acidic B E 2 all five correct = 2 marks

neutral D two, three or four correct = 1 mark

alkaline A C one correct = 0 marks

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Question Answer Marks Further Information

4 4 all five correct = 4 marks

three or four correct = 3 marks

two correct = 2 marks

one correct = 1 mark

if two lines from one hazard symbol and one is

incorrect = 0 marks for that hazard symbol

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Question Answer Marks Further Information

5(a) 4 each correct tick = 1 mark

particle model
description more than one tick for a substance = 0 marks for
V W X Y Z that substance

one compound  Accept any indication of the correct answer but

ticking takes precedence
one element ()

mixture of two elements 

a mixture of a compound

and an element

mixture of two compounds 

5(b) test – (bubble into) limewater / calcium hydroxide solution 2 correct test = 1 mark

positive result – goes milky / white precipitate / white solid correct positive result = 1 mark
(formed)
Accept goes white / cloudy / misty

Ignore goes colourless or clear (after it goes

milky)

Accept

Test – (bubble into) bicarbonate indicator

positive result – (red) to yellow

Note the positive result mark is independent of

the test

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Question Answer Marks Further Information

5(c) test – (use a) lighted splint 2 Ignore the burning splint goes out

Ignore use of a glowing splint

positive result – (squeaky) pop (noise) Do not accept splint relights

Note the positive result mark is independent of

the test

Question Answer Marks Further Information

6(a) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

type of earthworm / size of earthworms / age of earthworms Ignore light

/ mass of leaves / size of leaves / number of leaves / type of
leaves / size of container / temperature / moisture / pH / time

6(b) number of earthworms 1

6(c) mass of (dead) leaves / rate of decay (of dead leaves) 1

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Question Answer Marks Further Information

7(a)(i) ammeter 1 Accept ameter / ampmeter

7(a)(ii) amps / A 1 Accept amperes / ampheres

Do not accept ‘a’

7(b) the current will stay the same 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

there is only one pathway for the electrons Accept there is the same number of electrons
flowing

7(c) decreases / less current 1

and

it is more difficult for the electrons to flow Accept there is greater resistance

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Question Answer Marks Further Information

8(a) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

(they can) Accept

move movement
reproduce reproduction
sense sensitivity / irritability
grow growth
respire respiration
excrete excretion
eat food nutrition

8(b) (Lily) 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

a virus can reproduce / replicate

(Mia)
a virus cannot move / cannot grow / cannot respire / cannot Accept a virus can only reproduce inside a living
eat food / cannot sense / cannot excrete cell

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Question Answer Marks Further Information

9(a) sound / wave (from clapping) 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

reflected (from the school) Accept sound wave bounces back (from the
school) = 2 marks

9(b)(i) correct plotting of at least 5 points ±½ small square 3 each correct answer = 1 mark

suitable scale on x–axis must occupy at least half of the x–axis and be
linear but does not need to include 0

label of x–axis distance (between Carlos and the school) in

metres

9(b)(ii) 425 m 1 Ignore 3.5 s

Note if answer line blank check results table

9(b)(iii) straight line of best fit 1 Accept ecf from (i) and (ii)

Ignore line extending beyond the plotted range

9(b)(iv) As distance (from the school) increases the time (taken to 1 Accept positive correlation between distance and
hear the echo) increases time / distance and time are (directly) proportional

9(c)(i) 1 1
Answer from candidate’s graph ± small square
2

9(c)(ii) half of the value in (c)(i) to at least one decimal place 1

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Question Answer Marks Further Information

10(a) D, C, B, A 1 Accept 4:56 pm, 4:39 am, 4:25 pm, 4:05 am

Accept 5.2 m, 5 m, 4.4 m, 4 m

10(b) (no) 1 Note if answer is yes = 0 marks for the question

the low tides are more than 12 hours apart / if they were Note to be awarded a mark there must be a
12 hours apart they would happen at the same time each correct explanation
day / calculation showing they are more than 12 hours apart
e.g. time between first and second low tide is 12 hr and
15 min

10(c) 3.6 m – 4.0 m 1

10(d) any two from 2 each correct answer = 1 mark

Moon's gravity Accept Sun’s gravity

causes a tidal force

idea of the water bulging out on the side closest to and
farthest from the Moon

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