Worksheet and Assignments on Open channel Hydraulics (CEng3162) (Gradually Varied

flow, Rapidly Varied flow, Unsteady open channel and Hydraulics of Mobile Bed channel)

1. For a triangular channel with apex angle = 90°, determine the critical slope for a critical depth
of 1.35 m. If the channel is laid at this slope, what would be the Froude number of the uniform
flow for a depth of flow of 2.0 m? (Assume n= 0.02).
2. Analyse the flow profile in a 4.0-m wide rectangular channel (n = 0.015), carrying a discharge
of 15.0 m3/s. The bed slope of the channel is 0.02 and a 1.5 m high weir (Cd =0.70) is built on
the downstream end of the channel.
3. A circular channel having a 2.0-m diameter (n = 0.015) is laid on a slope of 0.005. When a
certain discharge is flowing in this channel at a normal depth of 1.0 m, GVF was found to
occur at a certain reach of channel. If a depth of 0.70 m was observed at a section in this GVF
reach, what type of GVF profile was occurring in the neighborhood of this section?
4. In a very long, wide rectangular channel the discharge intensity is 3.0 m3/s/metre width. The
bed slope of the channel is 0.004 and Manning’s n = 0.015. At a certain section in this channel,
the depth of flow is observed to be 0.90 m. What type of GVF profile occurs in the
neighbourhood of this section?
5. At a certain section in a rectangular channel, a constriction of the channel produces a choking
condition. Sketch the GVF profile produced on the upstream as a result of this, if the channel
is on (a) mild slope and (b) steep slope.
6. A rectangular channel with bed width of 4.5 m, manning coefficient of 0.003, side slope of the
channel (m) = 1.75, bed slope of the channel is 0.002 and carries a discharge of 22 m3/s. If
this channel terminates in a free over fall, determine the gradually varied flow profile by using
direct step method?
7. Determine the most economical section of rectangular channel carrying water at a discharge
of 15m3/s and mean velocity of the channel is 4m/s. Take chezy’s constant, C=65.
8. A 4m bed width of horizontal rectangular channel with the discharge of 12m3/s and the Sequent
depth is 4.6m. If the flow undergoes a hydraulic jump; then calculate:
a. Initial depth of the jump
b. Velocity and Froude number before the jump occurs
c. Energy loss and percentage of efficiency
d. Length and types of jump
9. A sluice gate discharges a stream of 0.59 m depth with a velocity of 15 m/s in a wide
rectangular channel. The channel is laid on an adverse slope of S0 = – 0.002 and ends with an
abrupt drop at a distance of 100 m from the gate. Assuming n = 0.02, calculate and plot the
resulting GVF profile.
10. A rectangular channel of 6.0 m width carries a discharge of 8.40 m3/s. The channel slope is
0.0004 and the Manning’s n = 0.015. At the head of the channel the flow emanates from the
sluice gate. The depth of flow at the vena contracta is 0.15 m. If the hydraulic jump is formed
at a depth of 0.25 m, find the distance between the toe of the jump and the vena contracta.
11. A wide rectangular channel with a bed slope of 0.015 takes off from a reservoir. The inlet to
the channel is free and the discharge intensity is 3.00 m3/s/m. Calculate the GVF profile from
the inlet to the section where the depth is 1% excess of the normal depth. Assume Manning’s
coefficient n = 0.015.
12. A 6.0-m wide rectangular channel has n = 0.012 and S0 = 0.006. The canal takes off from a
reservoir through an uncontrolled smooth inlet. If the elevation of the water surface is 2.10 m
above the channel bed, estimate the discharge in the channel and the minimum distance from
the inlet at which the flow can be considered to be uniform. Neglect energy losses at the
entrance to the channel.
13. At the bottom of a spillway the velocity and depth of flow are 12.0 m/s and 1.5 m respectively.
If the tail water depth is 5.5 m find the location of the jump with respect to the toe of the
spillway. What should be the length of the apron to contain this jump? Assume the apron to be
horizontal and Manning’s n = 0.015.
14. In a hydraulic jump taking place in a horizontal rectangular channel the discharge intensity and
head loss are found to be 4.7 m3/s/m and 6.0 m respectively. Determine the sequent depths of
the jump.
15. An overflow spillway has its crest at elevation 125.40 m and a horizontal apron at an elevation
of 95.00 m on the downstream side. Find the tail water elevation required to form a hydraulic
jump when the elevation of the energy line is 127.90 m. The Cd for the flow can be assumed
as 0.735. The energy loss for the flow over the spillway face can be neglected.
16. A circular culvert of 1.5-m diameter carries a discharge of 1.0 m3/s. The channel can be
assumed to be horizontal and frictionless. If the depth at the beginning of a hydraulic jump
occurring in this channel is 0.30 m, determine sequent depth.
17. A rectangular channel is 2.0 m wide and carries a flow of 3.00 m3/s at a depth of 0.9 m. At a
certain location in this channel a uniformly discharging side weir is proposed to divert 0.30
m3/s of flow laterally. The weir crest is horizontal and is placed at a height of 0.65 m above
the bed at the commencement of the side weir. Calculate the length of the side weir and other
dimensions of the channel geometry to achieve the objective.
18. A trapezoidal canal with B= 5.0 m and side slope 1H : 1V, carries a discharge of 30.0 m3/s at
a depth of 3.0 m. Calculate the speed and height of a positive surge (i) if the flow in the canal
is suddenly stopped by the operation of a gate at a downstream section, (ii) if the discharge is
suddenly increased to 45.0 m3/s
19. A rectangular Channel with a bottom width of 4.5m and a bottom slope of 0.0009 has a
discharge of 1.6m3/s. In a gradually varied flow in this channel, the depth at a certain location
is found to be 0.35m. Assume n = 0.017, Determine the type of GVF profile.
20. A rectangular channel of 3.8m width has a Manning’s coefficient of 0.027.For a discharge of
5.55m3/s in this channel, identify the possible GVF profiles produced in the following break
in grades a) S01 = 0.0004 to S02 = 0.015 b) S01 = 0.005 to S02 = 0.0004
21. A 4.0m wide rectangular channel has a flow of 3.8m3/s with a velocity of 0.85m/s. If a sudden
release of additional flow at the upstream end of the channel causes the depth to rise by 40
percent, determine the absolute velocity of the resulting surge and the new flow rate. Flow is
unsteady flow in this surge due to gate operation.
22. A rectangular channel carries a flow with a velocity of 0.75m/s and depth of 1.80m. If the
discharge is abruptly increased threefold by a sudden lifting of gate on the upstream, estimate
the velocity and the height of the resulting surge.

Assignment-II Questions No 3, 6, 8, 10, 15, & 17,