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PREVIOUS HSE QUESTIONS FROM THE CHAPTER “CLASSIFICATION

OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES”
1. A cation is smaller than the corresponding neutral atom while anion is larger. Justify. (3) [February 2008]
2. Elements have electron gain enthalpy and electronegativity.
a) We two elements belong to the same group. One of us has the highest electronegativity and other, highest
electron gain enthalpy. Identify us. (1)
b) Define electron gain enthalpy? (1)
c) Electron gain enthalpy values of noble gases are zero. Why? (1) [June 2008]
3. a) Who introduced the periodic law of elements for the first time? State the law. (2)
b) State the modern periodic law of elements? (2) [March 2009]
4. Account for the following:
a) Ionization enthalpy of nitrogen is greater than that of oxygen. (1)
b) Atomic radius decreases from left to right in a period. (1)
c) Electron gain enthalpy of F is less negative than that of Cl. (2) [March 2010]
5. Development of periodic table has made the study of elements and their compounds easier.
a) Discuss about the main features of Mendeleev’s periodic table. (2)
b) State the modern periodic law. (1)
c) Give the IUPAC name for the element with atomic number 112. (1) [September 2010]
6. A graph of atomic radius verses atomic number is given below:

a) What do you understand from this graph? (1)

b) Account for the observation that cations are always smaller than the parent atom while anions are always
larger than the parent atom. (2)
c) Using the above graph, how will you account for the variation of ionization enthalpy in a period? (1) [March 11]
7. a) A graph showing the variation of atomic radius with atomic number for alkali metals is given below.

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Comment on the variation of atomic radius with increase in atomic number in a group. Give reason. (2)
b) What is meant by isoelectronic species? (1)
2- - 2+ 2+ +
c) Select the isoelectronic species from the following. N, O , F , Mg , Al , Na (1) [October 2011]
8. Moseley modified Mendeleev’s periodic law based on his observations on the X-ray spectra of elements.
a) State the modern periodic law. (1)
b) The IUPAC name of the element with atomic number 109 is …….. (1)
c) Analyse the following graph between ionization enthalpy and atomic number.

What do you observe from the graph? Give justification for your observation. (2) [March 2012]
9. a) Electron gain enthalpy is the amount of energy released when an isolated gaseous atom accepts an electron to
form a mono-valent anion.
The values of electron gain enthalpy with atomic number of halogens are given below:
Element At. No. ∆egH in kJ/mol
F 9 328
Cl 17 349
Br 35 325
I 53 295
i) Why electron gain enthalpy decreases from chlorine to iodine? (1)
ii) Chlorine has more electron gain enthalpy than Fluorine. Why? (1)
b) Identify the largest and smallest ion given below:
O2-, F-, Na+ and Mg2+ (2) [September 2012]
10. The reactivity of an element is very much related to its ionisation enthalpy.
a) In general, ionisation enthalpy increases from left to right across a period. Give reason. (1)
b) Observe the following graph in which the first ionisation enthalpies (∆iH) of elements of the second period are
plotted against their atomic numbers (Z):

Identify the anomalous values and justify. (3) [March 2013]

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11. a) The IUPAC has made some recommendations to name elements with atomic numbers above 100. What would
be the name for the element with atomic number 104? (1)
b) Electro negativity is the ability of an element to attract shared pair of electrons. Name a numerical scale of
electro negativity of elements. (1)
c) Give reason for the following:
i) Phosphorus forms PCl5 while nitrogen cannot form NCl5. Why? (1)
ii) The first ionization enthalpy of oxygen is smaller compared to nitrogen. (1) [September 2013]
12. a) The first member of a group of elements in the s and p block differs from the rest of the family in chemical
behaviour. Write any one reason for this. (1)
b) Write the general electronic configuration of d-block elements. (1)
c) The first ionization enthalpy sodium is lower than that of magnesium but its second ionization enthalpy is higher
than that of magnesium. Explain. (2) [March 2014]
13. a) Transition elements were placed in groups 3 and group 12 of the periodic table. Give any two characteristics of
transition elements. (2)
b) Does the ionization enthalpy decrease along a group? Give reason. (2) [August 2014]
14. Names of elements with atomic numbers greater than 100 are given by IUPAC.
a) The atomic number of element with IUPAC name ‘Ununbium’ is ……………..
i) 112 ii) 110 iii) 111 iv) 114 (1)
b) Why is potassium considered as an s-block element? (1)
c) The first ionisation enthalpy of second period elements generally increase from left to right along the period.
Give reason for this general trend. (2) [March 2015]
15. Ionization enthalpy and atomic radius are closely related properties.
a) Analyze the following graph :

What conclusion can you derive from the graph regarding the first ionization enthalpies of alkali metals and
noble gases? Justify your answer. (2)
3- 3- -
b) Aluminium forms [AlF6] whereas boron cannot form [BF6] but forms [BF4] even though both belong to the
same group. Explain. (2) [October 2015]
16. a) Account for the following:
i) Ionisation enthalpy of Nitrogen is greater than that of oxygen.
ii) 2nd period elements show anomalous behaviour. (3)
b) A group of ions are given below. Find one pair which is not Isoelectronic.

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Na+, Al3+, Ca2+, Br –, F – (1) [March 2016]

17. a) In the periodic table, elements are classified into four blocks. Explain any two blocks. (2)
b) Account for the following:
i) First ionisation enthalpy of Boron is less than that of carbon.
ii) First member of a group differs from the rest of the members of the same group. (2) [September 2016]
18. Electron gain enthalpy is one of the important periodic properties.
a) Define electron gain enthalpy. (1)
b) Explain any two factors affecting electron gain enthalpy. (2)
3-
c) Write the oxidation state and covalency of Al in [AlF6] (1) [March 2017]
19. a) Account for the following:
i) Transition elements are d-block elements.
ii) Chlorine has high electron gain enthalpy. (2)
– – + +
b) Select isoelectronic species from the following: O , F , Na , Mg (2) [July 2017]
20. Which is the acidic oxide among the following?
a) Cl2O7 b) Na2O c) AI2O3 d) CO (1)
21. Justify the following :
a) Ne has positive value for electron gain enthalpy.
b) The electron gain enthalpy of F is lower than that of Cl.
c) The size of Al3+ is lower than that of F. (3) [March 2018]
22. Among N3-, O2-, F-, Na+ and AI3+ , which one has the smallest size? (1)
23. Give reasons for the following :
a) 'O' has lower ionization enthalpy than N and F.
b) Cl has higher negative electron gain enthalpy than F. (3) [August 2018]
24. 'Chlorine has the most negative electron gain enthalpy'. Justify the statement. (2)
25. Identify the positions of Al (z=13) and S (z=16) in the periodic table with the help of their electronic configurations.
Predict the formula of the compound formed between them. (2) [March 2019]
26. (a) Give the IUPAC name of the element with Atomic number 117. (1)
(b) In the modern periodic table elements in a given group have similar chemical properties. Give reason. (1)
27. Account for the following :
(a) The ionic radius of fluoride ion (F-) is 136 pm, while the atomic radius of fluorine (F) is only 64 pm. (1)
(b) The second ionization enthalpy of an element is always greater than that of the first ionization enthalpy. (1)
[July 2019]
28. The element that has outer electronic configuration 3d5 4s1 belongs to:
(a) s-block (b) p-block (c) d-block (d) f-block (1)
29. (a) Identify the group and period of an element having atomic number (Z) 25 in the periodic table. (1)
(b) Predict the formula of the stable binary compound that would be formed by the combination of the following
pairs of elements: (i) Lithium and oxygen (ii) Aluminium and iodine. (1)
30. Explain the general periodic trend of first ionization enthalpy along a period and group in the periodic table. (2)
[March 2020]
31. Which one of the following has the highest ionisation enthalpy?
(a) P (b) S (c) Cl (d) F (1)
32. Atomic radius is the distance between the centre of the nucleus to the outer most shell of the atom. Explain the
variation of atomic radius along groups and periods in modern periodic table. (2)
33. (a) Complete the reactions:
(i) Na2O + H2O ………….
(ii) Cl2O7 + H2O ………...
(b) Identify the nature of the above oxides by examining the products of the above reactions. (2) [Sept. 2020]
34. Account for the following :
(a) Atomic radius increases from top to bottom in a group. (1)

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(b) Electron gain enthalpy of F is lower than that of Cl. (2)

35. (i) Depending upon the type of atomic orbital being filled with electrons, the elements are classified into four
blocks. Name these four blocks of elements. (1)
(ii) State the modern periodic law of elements. (2) [March 2021]
36. (i) State modern periodic law. (1)
(ii) Give any two properties of transition elements. (2)
37. (i) Define electron gain enthalpy. (1)
(ii) Electron gain enthalpy of chlorine is more negative than that of fluorine. Explain. (2) [December 2021]
38. (i) Which of the following represents the general outer electronic configuration of group 15 elements?
(A) ns2 (B) ns2np3 (C) ns2np4 (D) ns2np6 (1)
(ii) Explain the variation of the atomic radii of elements as we move from top to bottom in a group in the periodic
table. Give reason. (2)
39. (i) Define electronegativity. (1)
(ii) Name any one scale to express the electronegativity of elements. (1)
(iii) Which is the most electronegative element in the periodic table? (1) [March 2022]
40. (i) State modern periodic law. (1)
(ii) The most electronegative element is ……………… (1)
(iii) Name a species that will be isoelectronic with Ne atom. (1)
(a) F- (b) Ar (c) O2- (d) Na
41. Account for the following:
(i) Atomic radius decreases from left to right in a period. (1½)
(ii) Electron gain enthalpy of fluorine is less negative than that of chlorine. (1½) [October 2022]
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