I.T.

PRACTICAL FILE

CLASS- X

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that ___________________ of class X __ has

successfully completed his/ her I.T. Practical file under the
guidance of ________________.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher
________________ who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful
Practical File of “I.T.” , Who also helped me in completing my Practical File. I
came know about so many new things I am real l y thankful to them.

Secondly, I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me a
lot in finalizing this Practical File within the limited time frame.

Student Name:
Index
 Unit – 1
Digital Documentation (Advanced) using LibreOffice Writer

LibreOffice Writer offers a variety of features and commands that enable you to
create an attractive and presentable document with a consistent format. Further,
such documents are easy to read, comprehend and edit by one and all. Creating a
big report with consistent format becomes difficult when manual formatting is
used. To avoid inconsistency in formatting and reduce time and effort in
formatting a document, we use Styles in Writer by using– style formats, creating
new styles, updating styles, applying styles and using template to format the
current document.
A document with pictures is always easier to understand than a text document.
Pictures have a visual appeal, as our brain responds quickly to colours in
comparison to any other form of information. In digital document, a picture can
be a drawing, chart, photo, logo, graph or single video frame. LibreOffice Writer
provides various tools to work with images. In this Unit you will learn to create
a document with pictures, insert and modify images in the document to make it
more attractive.
To give the listing of the contents of the document, we can use the Table of
Contents feature, which is based on different types of heading styles.
LibreOffice Writer also provides templates to create professional documents.
 Assignment 1:

How can we apply any style to a text.

Solution:
For applying any styles, such as Paragraph, Character, Frame, Page, List, Table
follow the given steps.

Step 1. Select the text to be formatted. The selected text may be a collection of
characters, words, lines, paragraph, page, frame or table.
Step 2. To format the selected text, choose appropriate style by clicking the
button from the top of the Styles bar.
Step 3. A list of styles for that category appears. Double click on the desired
style to apply to the selected text.

Assignment 2:

What is Fill Format Style, how it can be applied.

Solution:
This method is useful when a same style is to be applied at many places
scattered in the document. Fill Format can be used to style scattered – pages,
frames, tables, lists, paragraphs or characters. Follow the steps given below to
use it.

Step 1. Open the document to be styled.

Step 2. Open the Styles window and select the desired style category and then
desired style from drop down list.
Step 3. Select Fill Format button.
Step 4. To apply the selected style, take the mouse pointer to desired location
and click. Do take care to apply style on appropriate type of content.
Step 5. Repeat step 4 until all the changes have been made for that style in the
entire document.
Step 6. To quit Fill Format option, click the Fill Format button again or press
the Esc key.
 Assignment 3:

Vipin wants to Insert images in his document help him for Inserting image
using Insert Image option.

Solution:
LibreOffice Writer allows to work on images by providing various tools such as
using Insert Image dialog, using Drag and Drop option, using Cut, Copy and
Paste option and lastly by Linking.
A general procedure to insert an image using Insert Image dialog box, is as
follows.

Step 1. Open the document to insert an image in LibreOffice Writer.

Step 2. Place the cursor where you want to insert an image.
Step 3. Select and click on Insert > Image from menu bar.
Step 4. An Insert Image dialog box will open which will allow to choose the
picture file to be inserted.
Step 5. Select the file and click on Open button to insert an image in document.

Assignment 4:

Rohan has created a report on Environmental Pollution in LibreOffice

Writer. Help him to add table of contents to his document with the heading
as Rohan’s Table of Contents.

Solution:
To add Table of Contents, follow the steps given below.

Step 1. Open the document in LibreOffice Writer.

Step 2. Select Insert > Table of Contents and Index > Table of Contents, Index
or Bibliography. The Table of Contents, Index and Bibliography dialog box will
be displayed.
Step 3. In the Type the Titles text box, type Rohan’s Table of Contents.
Step 4. Click OK. The Table of Contents will be inserted in Rohan’s document.
 Assignment 5:

Kapil want to create a document with predefined formatting and want to

save that document as Template for future use help him to accomplish his
task.

Solution:
Step 1. Open the document in LibreOffice Writer whose template is to be
created.
Step 2. From main menu bar, select File > Templates > Save. The Save As
Template dialog box will appear.
Step 3. Type the name of the new template (T1) in Template Name text box.
Step 4. Select the category of the template being created. Some of the categories
that can be seen in the dialog box are My Templates, Business
Correspondence, Online Business Documents and Presentations.
Step 5. Click and select Set as default template checkbox to make the current
template as the default template.
Step 6. Click Save button to save the template. A template in Writer is saved
with an extension .ott.
 Unit – 2

Electronic Spreadsheet (Advanced) using LibreOffice Calc

In the modern digital world, one of the most important thing is counting and
calculations. In computers we can do the calculations on number of records
spread over the long sheet using the spreadsheet software that helps to work
with numbers efficiently. It becomes easy to visualise a huge grid of numbers
when represented using charts in electronic spreadsheet.
It includes – analysing data to extract useful information for making effective
decisions. Macros, is the another powerful feature of spreadsheet covered in this
unit. Macros are a set of stored functions used to automate processes repeatedly.
You can create multiple sheets and link the data in multiple sheets. It can be
done in two ways, one is creating reference to other sheets by using keyboard
and mouse, and other is by linking external data.
LibreOffice Calc also provides the sharing feature that allows to share the
spreadsheet for editing purpose. This saves to keep track of multiple copies of
the same spreadsheet corrected by different users. Sharing allows the users to
work on the same spreadsheet in collaboration.
 Assignment 1:

What is the use of Data Consolidation? Write steps to perform this action.

Solution
Consolidate is a function used to combine information from multiple sheets of
the spreadsheet into one place to summarize the information. It is used to view
and compare variety of data in a single spreadsheet for identifying trends and
relationships.
Let us create the following sheets in a spreadsheet sales.
ABC_Branch XYZ_Branch
Item January February Item January February
Chocolate 2000 5000 Chocolate 5000 2000
Cookies 5000 2500 Cookies 7000 8000
Pastries 5000 3000 Pastries 4000 1000
Cake 6000 3500 Cake 8000 9000
Juice 4000 4500 Juice 7000 2000

Step 1. Add a new sheet and rename it as Consolidate

Step 2. Click on Data > Consolidate or use the keyboard shortcut key ALT+D,
the Consolidate dialog window will open
Step 3. In the Function box, choose Sum function from the drop down as we
want to add the data from all the sheets.
Step 4. Click in the Source data ranges box and then click on the worksheet
ABC_Branch and select the area to be consolidated and then click on the Add
button will add the copy reference in the consolidation ranges.
Step 5. Click on the sheet XYZ_Branch and select the area to be consolidated
and then click on ADD will add the next consolidation range.
Step 6. Click on the ‘+’ sign next to Options in the Consolidate dialog window
to change the settings.

‘Consolidate by’ has two options Row labels and Column labels. Check row
label or column label or both if you want to consolidate it by matching the label.
If Link to source data is checked, then it will keep on updating the data of the
Consolidate sheet automatically if there is any change made in the selected
ranges.
Step 7. Click on ‘Copy results to’ and then click on any of the cell in the
Consolidate sheet where you want to copy the final result after consolidation.
Step 8. Click on OK button. It will display the Consolidate sheet with data after
consolidation.

Consolidated Sheet
Item January February
Chocolate 7000 7000
Cookies 12000 10500
Pastries 9000 4000
Cake 14000 12500
Juice 11000 6500

Assignment 2:

What is Goal Seek? Write steps to perform this action.

Solutions

Goal Seek helps in finding out the input for the specific output. For example, if
you want to know the number of units produced to get the desired output then
use Goal seek analysis tool.
Follow the following steps after creating this data to use Goal seek tool to
change marks of S.St. from 30 to desired
marks. A B
1 Subject Marks
Step 1. Enter the values in the worksheet. 2 English 54
Step 2. Write the formula in the cell (B7) 3 Hindi 56
where the calculation has to be used. 4 Maths 78
Step 3. Place the cursor in the formula cell 5 Science 80
(B7), choose Tools > Goal Seek. 6 S.St 30
Step 4. The Goal seek dialog window will 7 Total 268
appear, the Formula cell box will have the correct formula.
Step 5. Place the cursor on the Variable cell box and click on the cell (B6) that
contains the value to be changed.
Step 6. Enter the desired result in the Target value box.
Step 7. Click on OK button.
 Assignment 3:

What is Macro? How can we record macro for any operation?

Solution
A macro is a single instruction that executes a set of instructions. These set of
instructions can be a sequence of commands or keystrokes that can be used for
any number of times later. A sequence of actions such as keystrokes and clicks
can be recorded and then run as per the requirement.

Record a macro to apply the following style to the Heading “Data Analysis” in
the cell A1.
The font style should be “Times New Roman”
The font size should be “14”
The font colour should be “Blue”
Cells from A1 to G1 should be merged and centred.

Step 1. Create the spreadsheet. Write the heading “Data Analysis” in cell A1.
Step 2. Choose Tools > Macros > Record Macro. Perform the actions mentioned
in Assignment 2 in the spreadsheet.
Step 3. Click Stop Recording to stop the Macro Recorder.
Step 4. The Basic Macro dialog appears, in which you can save and run the
macro.
Step 5. A Standard library is present by default when a spreadsheet is created
and saved.
Step 6. To save the macro, first select the object where you want to save the
macro in the Save macro in list box. You can change the name of the macro.
Here, we have named the macro as FormatHeading.

Note: If all the macros will be given the same name then they will overwrite
the previous Macro created by that name.
 Assignment 4:

What is use of Hyperlink in LibreOffice Calc? Explain with an example.

Solution:
Sometimes it is required to jump to a document stored at a different location
from within a document. It can be done by creating a hyperlink. It is possible to
jump from a sheet in the same spreadsheet, different spreadsheet or a website by
creating a hyperlink.

Suppose, you have to hyperlink a Result sheet of “Result-X-A” spreadsheet

document in the “Result-X-B” spreadsheet document, then follow the following
steps:

Step 1. Open the ResultX-B spreadsheet document.

Step 2. From the main menu, select and click on Insert > Hyperlink. An
Hyperlink dialog box will open.
Step 3. To insert the spreadsheet document, click on the Document on the left
pan of dialog box, then to select the spreadsheet document, click on the button
located after the Path. Select the required document. In our case we select the
spreadsheet document “Result-X-A”.
Step 4. Then click on the Target button to choose the sheet which is to be
hyperlinked. Target in Document helps to specifically choose a target in the
document such as sheet, tables, frames, images, headings and so on. Here in our
case we will select the sheet Result.
Step 5. Click on Apply and Close button to exit the Target Document window.
Step 6. Enter the text in the Text box to assign the hyperlink to that text. In our
case we have entered the text as “Result-X-A”. So the hyperlink will be
assigned to the text “Result-X-A”.
Step 7. Click on Apply and Close button to confirm the changes and exit the
Hyperlink dialog box.
Step 8. Observe that the hyperlink is assigned to the word “Result-X-A”.
Step 9. To open the hyperlinked sheet, press the Ctrl key and click on the
hyperlinked word “ResultX-A”, the sheet will be opened in the new window.
 Assignment 5:

What is the use of sharing of Worksheet? How can we share any worksheet
in LibreOffice Calc? Write steps.

Solution:
In LibreOffice Calc, one spreadsheet can be used by more than one user at a
time by sharing it. A shared spreadsheet is a same sheet that can be accessed by
more than one user and can allow them to make changes simultaneously on it. It
saves the trouble of keeping track of multiple copies of the same spreadsheet.
Sharing allows working in collaboration so that everyone can contribute, make
changes and view it.

Sharing a spreadsheet is just like teamwork to work in collaboration with other

users. The following are the steps to share the spreadsheet.

Step 1. Open a new spreadsheet and save it with some name.

Step 2. Select and click on Tools > Share Spreadsheet from main menu bar.
This will open the Share Document dialog window which can be used to enable
or disable sharing option.
Step 3. Click on the checkbox “Share this spreadsheet with other users” to share
the spreadsheet and click on OK button. This will open the confirmation dialog
window to save the spreadsheet to activate the shared mode.
Step 4. Click on Yes to continue.
Step 5. Once the spreadsheet is saved, the name of the spreadsheet in the title
bar will display (shared) along with the name of the spreadsheet.
 Unit – 3

Database Management System using LibreOffice Base

Databases and database systems are essential parts of our life. We have been
interacting with databases since a time. Recall the process of looking for a word
in a dictionary or finding the telephone number of a friend from the telephone
directory. With the advancement in ever changing technology, computerized
databases are being used to store, manipulate, and manage the database. Today,
we use databases in almost all spheres of life. When we go to book railway
tickets, to search for a book in a library, to get the salary details, to get the
balance amount after withdrawal of money from the ATM and so on, this list
can run into several pages. Data being stored in databases can be of varied types
like text, images, audio and video. This data is then stored and/or processed so
as to get meaningful information.

Data and Information

Data: The raw facts constitutes data. The facts may be related to any person,
place, activity or things. It may be stored in the form of text, graphics, audio or
video.
Information: Information is the processed or organized form of data. If data is
not correct or accurate, the information obtained by processing such data may
not be correct.
For example, marks obtained by students and their roll numbers is the data,
while the report card/sheet is the Information.
 Assignment 1:

Ruhi has created database name Sports Day, now she wants to create a
table in Design view help her to fulfill her task.

Solution:

Let us help Ruhi to create a table named Events using in the option Create Table
in Design view in the Sports Day database.
After clicking on Design view follow the following steps to do so.

Step 1. Type the first field name (EventId) in the Field Name column. Press Tab
key. The cursor moves to the second column i.e. Field Type.
Step 2. The Field Type column contains a list box. As you click on the down
arrow, it appears and we can select the desired data type from the list box. Select
the datatype (Varchar).
Step 3. Observe that certain properties appear in the Field Properties Pane as the
data type is selected. Some of the properties are Entry required, Length, Default
value, Format example. Set the desired properties for the entered field.
Step 4. Press Tab key to move to the next column. Add any description if you
want in the third column.
Step 5. Once the properties for the field are set, press Tab key to move to next
row. Selecting data type for field Fields entered using Creating Table in Design
View
Step 6. Enter the next field by repeating steps 1,2 and 3. Repeat the process for
adding all fields in the table.
Steps 7. After creating the table you need to save it on the disk. To save the
table click on the save button or follow menu option File > Save As. Enter the
name of table and click on OK button.
 Assignment 2:

What do understand by Referential Integrity? Explain with a suitable

example.

Solution:
A relationship can help prevent data redundancy. It helps prevent missing data
by keeping deleted data from getting out of synch. This is called referential
integrity. We will study in detail about referential integrity later in the chapter.
Creating relationships between tables restricts the user from entering invalid
data in the referenced fields. Any updation in the master table is automatically
reflected in the transaction tables.
There are two tables in the database – Events and EventCategory with a
common field as CategoryID.
In Event table, EventID is the primary key and CategoryID is the foreign key. In
EventCategory table, CategoryID is the primary key. To set up relationship
between these tables follow the following steps.

Step 1. From main menu of LibreOffice Base, click on Tools > Relationships…
Step 2. The Relationship Design screen will appear. In the middle of the screen
there is Add Tables dialog box. Both the
tables are listed in the dialog box.
Step 3. In the Add Tables dialog box,
click Events table and then click Add
button. Similarly add EventCategory table
to the Relationship Area.
Step 4. Click Close button to close the
Add Tables dialog box. Observe that the tables Events and EventCategory table
added to the Relationship Area along with all its field list.
Step 5. As discussed before, CategoryID is the common field in the two tables.
Hence it will be used to set a relationship between the two tables. To create a
relation Add Tables dialog box in Relationship Design Screen Events and
EventCategory Tables added in Relationship Design window Relationship
between two tables between the two tables, we just have to drag the common
field CategoryID from the Events table and drop it in EventCategory table. A
line connecting both the tables with the common field (CategoryID) appears.
 Assignment 3:

Explain Form with a suitable example. Write steps using wizard.

Solution:
A form is an object of the database that has a user friendly interface where data
can be entered and seen in an attractive and easy-to-read format. For any
database, it is the front end for data entry and data modification.
Creating a Form Using a Wizard is the simplest way to create a form. To explain
how to create a form using a wizard, we will get back to the Sports Day database
created in the previous chapters. To create a form using wizard, follow the
following steps.
Step 1. Open the Sports Day database created in LibreOffice, and click the Form
icon on the Database Pane. Click the option Use Wizard to Create Form… on
the Tasks Pane.
Step 2. The step 1 of the wizard is to select the tables or queries for which the
form has to be created. As we are creating a form for Events table, select Events
table from “Tables and queries” list box.
Step 3. After selecting the Events table, all the fields of the Events table will be
listed in the Available Fields list box.
Step 4. As we require all the fields to appear in the Form, shift all the fields of
Event table from Available Fields list box to Fields in the Form list box using
>> button. Observe that, all the fields are shifted to Fields in the Form list box.
Click on Next button to move forward.
Step 5. The second step consists of setting up a subform, i.e. a form within a
form. You need to check the checkbox “Add Subform” to add the subform.
Since we do not want to set up any subform, click Next button to proceed
further.
Step 6. The wizard skips the next two steps that relate to the subform and moves
on to step 5. This step arrange controls i.e. to set up the design of the form.
Observe that, by default, all controls will be left aligned. Four layouts are given
in this step of the wizard to choose from:
• Columnar display with Labels on the left of the field value
• Columnar display with Labels on top of the field value
• Display as datasheet
• Block display with labels on top
Let us select Columnar Display with labels on the left arrangement. Also note
that as we choose the Layout type, the fields are arranged in the Form Design
view also.
Step 7. Click Next button.
Step 8. The step 6 of the wizard asks whether the form will be used for
displaying data, entering data or both. As we go with the default settings, so we
click Next button.
Step 9. The next step is to apply styles to the form being created. Step 10. Click
Next button.
Step 11. The next step is to set the name of the form. Say EventsForm. Click
Modify the form option.
Step 12. Click Finish button.

Assignment 4:

Write steps for Adding a calendar for the date field.

Solution:
Adding a calendar for the date field While filling up a form on a computer,
mostly a calendar is displayed. This is because it is easy to choose a date rather
than typing it. To add the calendar to the date field in the form, follow the steps
given below:

Step 1. Place the mouse pointer over the Date text box and press Ctrl+Click to
select it.
Step 2. Right click and select Control Properties…. option.
Step 3. In the Properties: Date Field dialog box, scroll down for Date Format
property. By default, Standard (short) format will be displayed.
Step 4. Click to open the list box and select Standard (long) format.
Step 5. Scroll down further till you find the DropDown property. By default its
value will be No. Select Yes.
Step 6. Close the dialog box. The selected date control text box on the form
changes to a list box with an arrow being displayed in the extreme right as.
 Assignment 5:

Define Report. Write steps to create a report.

Solution:
A report is another useful feature of a database management system. We have
seen that the records that have been extracted using a query are displayed in a
simple row and column format. Instead, using a report we can present the
retrieved data in an attractive and customized manner. We can create a report
based on a table or a query or both.

Let us create a report using the table Events from the Sports Day database.
Follow the following steps to create a report.
Step 1. In the LibreOffice Base User Interface, click on the Reports icon in the
Database Pane.
Step 2. From the Tasks Pane, click Use Wizard to Create Report… option.
Step 3. The Report wizard along with two other windows will be displayed. One
of the window is Report Builder window and the other is Add Field dialog box.
We will confine our study to the wizard.
Step 4. The first step of wizard is to select the table and the corresponding fields
that we want to display in our report. From the Tables or Queries list box, select
the table Events.
Step 5. All the fields of the Events table will be listed in the Available Fields list
box. Click >> button to shift all the fields to Fields in report list box.
Step 6. Click on the Next button. The next step is to label the fields.
Step 7. Click on the Next button.
Step 8. The fourth step is to set the Sort options. If the data to be displayed in
the report has to be sorted in either ascending or descending order of a particular
field, specify the field and sorting order in this step.
Step 9. Click on the Next button to move on to the next step in which the layout
of the report will be selected.
Step 10. Out of various Layout options given, choose the desired layout, say
Tabular and also the layout of headers and footers (Default). You may also
choose the orientation option Landscape or Portrait in this step.
Step 11. Click on the Next button to move to last step. Type the name of the
report as EventsReport.
Step 12. Click on Finish button to display the report.