Best Approach

Binomial Theorem

Proficiency Test I Proficiency Test II

Proficiency Test III
Exercise I Exercise II
Exercise III
 PROFICIENCY TEST # 1
1. The 5th term of the expansion of (x – 2)8 is -
(A) 8C5x3 (–2)5 (B) 8C5x325 (C) 8C4x4(–2)4 (D) 8C6x2(–2)6

n
 1 5
2. If the 4th
term in the expansion of  ax   is , then the values of a and n are -
 x 2
(A) 1/2, 6 (B) 1, 3 (C) 1/2, 3 (D) can not be found

3. The coefficient of (3r)th term and coefficient of (r + 2)th term in the expansion of (1 + x)2n are equal then
(where) r > 1, n > 2, positive integer) -
n 1 n 1
(A) r = n/2 (B) r = n /3 (C) r = (D) r =
2 2

4. The coefficient of x5 in the expansion of (2 + 3x)12 is -

(A) 12C525.37 (B) 12C626.36 (C) 12C 27.35
5 (D) None of these

n
 1
5. If in the expansion of  x 2   , the coefficient of third term is 31, then the value of n is -
 4
(A) 30 (B) 31 (C) 29 (D) 32

6. The number of terms in the expansion of (1 + 5 2 x)9 + (1 – 5 2 x)9 is –

(A) 5 (B) 7 (C) 9 (D) 10

11
 2 2 
7. The coefficient of x–26 in the expansion of x  4  is
 x 
(A) 330 × 26 (B) –330 × 26 (C) 330 × 27 (D) – 330 × 27

8
1 
8. The term independent of y in the binomial expansion of  y1/ 3  y 1/ 5  is
2 
(A) Sixth (B) seventh (C) fifth (D) None of these
6
1
9. The term independent of x in  2x   is -
 3x 
(A) 160/9 (B) 80/9 (C) 160/27 (D) 80/3

10. If in the expansion of (1 + y)n, the coefficient of 5th, 6th and 7th terms are in A.P., then n is equal to -
(A) 7, 11 (B) 7, 14 (C) 8, 16 (D) None of these

PROFICIENCY TEST # 2
1. The number of integral terms in the expansion of (51/2 + 71/6)642 is -
(A) 106 (B) 108 (C) 103 (D) 109

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 n
 1
2. If the middle term in the expansion of  x 2   is 924 x6 , then n =
 x
(A) 10 (B) 12 (C) 14 (D) None of these

3. The middle term in the expansion of (1 – 3x + 3x2 – x3)6 is

(A) 18C10x10 (B) 18C9(–x)9 (C) 18C9x9 (D) –18C10x10

9
 x3 2 
4. The 5th term from the end in the expansion of   3  is -
 2 x 
252 672
(A) 63x3 (B)  (C) (D) None of these
x3 x18

5. If (1 + x)n = C0 + C1 x + C2 x2 +....+ Cnxn, then the value of C0+ 2C1+ 3C2 +....+ (n + 1) Cn is -
(A) 2n (n + 1) (B) 2n–1(n + 1) (C) 2n–1(n + 2) (D) 2n(n + 2)

6. If the coefficients of rth and (r + 1)th terms in the expansion of (3 + 7x)29 are equal, then r equals-
(A) 15 (B) 21 (C) 14 (D) None of these

 1  1   1 
7. The coefficient of x49 in the expansion of (x – 1)  x   x  2  ......  x  49  is equal to
 2  2   2 

 1  1  1 
(A) 2 1  50  (B) coefficient of x (C) 2 1  50  (D) 2 1  49 
 2   2   2 
n
 1
8. The sum of the binomial coefficients of  2x   is equal to 256. The constant term in the expansion is
 x
(A) 1120 (B) 2110 (C) 1210 (D) none

9. Middle term in the expansion of (x2 – 2x)10 will be -

(A) 10C4x1724 (B) –10C5 25x15 (C) –10C424x17 (D) 10C5 24x15

9
 3 x3 
10. The middle term in the expansion of  2   is
x 6 

189 2 21 7 189 2 21 7 189 2 21 7

(A) x , x (B) x , x (C)  x ,  x (D) None of these
8 16 8 16 8 16

PROFICIENCY TEST #3

1 1 1 1
1. n!    ....   is equel to
 n! 2! n  2 ! 4! n  4 ! n! 
(A) 2n (B)2n–1 (C) 2n+1 (D) 2–n+1

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2. If (1 + x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x2 +.....+ Cnxn, then C0C1 + C1C2 + C2C3 +.....+ Cn–1Cn is equal to -
2n! 2n! 2n! 2n!
(A) (B) (C) (D)
n!n! n! n  1!  n  1! n  1!  n  1!n!

3. If (1 + x + x2)2n = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + ...... then the value of a0 – a1 + a2 – a3 + ..... is -

(A) 2n (B) 3n (C) 1 (D) 0

4. The sum of the coefficients in the expansion of (a + 2b + c)10 is

(A) 410 (B) 310 (C) 210 (D) 104

5. The sum of the coefficient of the terms of the expansion of polynomial (1 + x – 3x2)2143 is -
(A) 22143 (B) 1 (C) – 210 (D) 104

6. If |x| < 1/2, then expansion of (1 – 2x)1/2 is -

1 1 1
(A) 1  x  x 2 ..... (B) 1  x  x 2 ..... (C) 1  x  x 2 ..... (D) None of these
2 2 2

7. The tenth term in the expansion of (1 + x)–3 is -

(A) –55 x9 (B) 55 x9 (C) –66 x10 (D) 66 x10

8. The value of 99 upto three decimals is -

(A) 9.949 (B) 9.958 (C) 9.944 (D) 9.939

9. The remainder, when (1523 + 2323) is divided by 19, is -

(A) 4 (B) 15 (C) 0 (D) 18

n
 x 5x

10. In the expansion of  3 4  3 4  the sum of the binomial coefficients is 64 and the term with the greatest
 
binomial coefficient exceeds the third term by (n – 1), then the value of x must be
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) –1

11. The last two digits of the number 3400 are :

(A) 81 (B) 43 (C) 29 (D) 01

EXERCISE–I
11 11
 1   1 
Q.1 Find the coefficients : (i) x7 in  a x 2   (ii) x7 in  ax  2 
 bx   bx 
(iii) Find the relation between a & b , so that these coefficients are equal.
Q.2 If the coefficients of the rth, (r + 1)th & (r + 2)th terms in the expansion of (1 + x)14 are in AP,
find r.
10 8
 x 3  1 1/ 3 1 / 5 
Q.3 Find the term independent of x in the expansion of (a)   2 (b)  x  x 
 3 2x  2 

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Q.4 If the coefficients of 2nd , 3rd & 4th terms in the expansion of (1 + x)2n are in AP, show that
2n²  9n + 7 = 0.
Q.5 Given that (1 + x + x²)n = a0 + a1x + a2x² + .... + a2nx2n , find the values of :
(i) a0 + a1 + a2 + ..... + a2n ; (ii) a0  a1 + a2  a3 ..... + a2n ; (iii) a02 a12 + a22  a32 + ..... + a2n2
Q.6 If a, b, c & d are the coefficients of any four consecutive terms in the expansion of (1 + x)n, n  N,
a c 2b
prove that a  b  cd  bc .
8
 2 log 4 x  44 1 
Q.7 Find the value of x for which the fourth term in the expansion,  5 5 5   is 336.
 log 5 3 2 x 1 7 
 5 
Q.8 Prove that : n1Cr + n2Cr + n3Cr + .... + rCr = nCr+1.
Q.9 (a) Which is larger : (9950 + 10050) or (101)50.
4n
(b) Show that 2n–2C
n–2 + 2.2n–2Cn–1 + 2n–2Cn > , nN , n  2
n 1
11
 7
Q.10 In the expansion of 1  x   find the term not containing x.
 x
Q.11 Show that coefficient of x5 in the expansion of (1 + x²)5 . (1 + x)4 is 60.
Q.12 Find the coefficient of x4 in the expansion of :
(i) (1 + x + x2 + x3)11 (ii) (2  x + 3x2)6
Q.13 Find numerically the greatest term in the expansion of :
3 1
(i) (2 + 3x)9 when x = (ii) (3  5x)15 when x =
2 5
2 n
q 1  q  1  q  1
Q.14 Given sn= 1 + q + q² + ..... + qn & Sn = 1 + +  2  + .... +  2  , q  1,
2
prove that n+1C + n+1C2.s1 + n+1C3.s2 +....+ n+1Cn+1.sn = 2n . Sn .
1

Q.15 Prove that the ratio of the coefficient of x10 in (1  x²)10 & the term independent of x in
10
 2
x   is 1 : 32 .
 x
n4
Q.16 Let (1+x²)² . (1+x)n = a K . x K . If a1 , a2 & a3 are in AP, find n.
K 0

(1  x n )(1  x n 1 )(1  x n 2 )..................(1  x n  r 1 )

Q.17 If nJ = , prove that nJn – r = nJr..
r (1  x )(1  x 2 )(1  x 3 )..................(1  x r )
n
Q.18 Prove that  n C K sin Kx . cos(n  K )x  2n 1 sin nx .
K 0

Q.19 The expressions 1 + x, 1+x + x2, 1 + x + x2 + x3,............. 1 + x + x2 +........... + xn are multiplied

together and the terms of the product thus obtained are arranged in increasing powers of x in the form of
a0 + a1x + a2x2 +................., then,
(a) how many terms are there in the product.
(b) show that the coefficients of the terms in the product, equidistant from the beginning and end are equal.
(n  1)!
(c) show that the sum of the odd coefficients = the sum of the even coefficients =
2
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Q.20 Find the coeff. of (a) x6 in the expansion of (ax² + bx + c)9 .
(b) x2 y3 z4 in the expansion of (ax  by + cz)9 .
(c) a2 b3 c4 d in the expansion of (a – b – c + d)10.
2n 2n
Q.21 If  a r (x2)  b r ( x3) r
r
& ak = 1 for all k  n, then show that bn = 2n+1Cn+1.
r0 r 0

Q.22 Find the coefficient of xr in the expression of :

(x + 3)n1 + (x + 3)n2 (x + 2) + (x + 3)n3 (x + 2)2 + ..... + (x + 2)n1
n
x 2
Q.23(a) Find the index n of the binomial    if the 9th term of the expansion has numerically the
  5 5
greatest coefficient (n  N) .
(b) For which positive values of x is the fourth term in the expansion of (5 + 3x)10 is the greatest.
(72)!
Q.24 Prove that  1 is divisible by 73.
36!2
Q.25 Find the number of divisors of the number
N = 2000C1 + 2 · 2000C2 + 3 · 2000C3 + ...... + 2000 · 2000C2000.
Q.26 Show that the integral part in each of the following is odd. n  N
n n n

(A) 5  2 6  
(B) 8  3 7  
(C) 6  35 
Q.27 Show that the integral part in each of the following is even. n N
2n 1 2n  1

(A) 3 3  5  
(B) 5 5  11 
 
Q.28 If 7  4 3 n = p+ where n & p are positive integers and  is a proper fraction show that
(1  ) (p + ) = 1.
2001
1 
Q.29 Find the sum of the roots (real or complex) of the equation x2001 +   x = 0.
2 
n
Q.30 Let I denotes the integral part & F the proper fractional part of 3  5   where n  N and if 
denotes the rational part and  the irrational part of the same, show that
1 1
 = (I + 1) and  = (I + 2 F  1).
2 2
EXERCISE–II
(On combinatorial coefficients)
If C0 , C1 , C2 , ..... , Cn are the combinatorial coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)n,
n  N , then prove the following :
2 n !
Q.1 C0² + C1² + C2² +.....+ Cn² = (This result is to be remembered)
n! n !
2 n !
Q.2 C0 C1 + C1 C2 + C2 C3 +....+Cn1 Cn =
( n  1)! ( n  1)!
Q.3 C1 + 2C2 + 3C3 +.....+ n . Cn = n . 2n1
Q.4 C0 + 2C1 + 3C2 +.....+ (n+1)Cn = (n+2)2n1
Q.5 C0 + 3C1 + 5C2 +.....+ (2n+1)Cn = (n+1) 2n
n
Q.6 (C0+C1)(C1+C2)(C2+C3) ..... (Cn1+Cn) = C 0 . C1 . C 2 .... C n 1 (n  1)
n!
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Q.7 If Pn denotes the product of all the coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)n, n  N, show that,
Pn 1 ( n  1) n
 .
Pn n!
C1 2 C2 3 C3 n .Cn n ( n  1)
Q.8    .......  
C0 C1 C2 C n 1 2

22 . C1 23 . C 2 24 .C3 2n 1 .C n 3n  1  1
Q.9 2 . Co +    ...... 
2 3 4 n 1 n 1
2 n!
Q.10 CoCr + C1Cr+1 + C2Cr+2 + .... + Cnr Cn =
(n  r)! (n  r)!

1 C2 C n n C 1
Q.11 Co  2  3  ......  ( 1) n  1  n  1
(n  1) (2 n)!
Q.12 1 . Co² + 3 . C1² + 5 . C2² + ..... + (2n+1) Cn² =
n! n !
Q.13 If a0 , a1 , a2 , ..... be the coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x + x²)n in ascending
powers of x , then prove that : (i) a0 a1  a1 a2 + a2 a3  .... = 0 .
(ii) a0a2  a1a3 + a2a4  ..... + a2n  2 a2n = an + 1 or an–1.
(iii) E1 = E2 = E3 = 3n1 ; where E1= a0 + a3 + a6 + ..... ; E2 = a1 + a4 + a7 + ..... &
E3 = a2 + a5 + a8 + .....
Q.14 I f (1+x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x² + .... + Cn xn , then show that the sum of the products of the C i ’ s
  Ci C j 2 n!
taken two at a time , represented by is equal to 22n1  .
0 i j n 2 (n !) 2
Q.15 If (1 + x + x² + ... + xp)n = a0 + a1x + a2x²+...+anp. xnp , then find the value of :
a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 + .... + np . anp
Q.16 1². C0 + 2². C1 + 3². C2 + 4². C3 + .... + (n+1)² Cn = 2n2 (n+1) (n+4) .
C1 C C Cn (1  x) n  1  1
Q.17 C0 + x  2 x 2  3 x 3  .......  . xn =
2 3 4 n1 (n  1) x

Q.18 C0 C C 2n
 2  4  ........ 
1 3 5 n 1
C0 C C C C 1 n .2n 1
Q.19  1  2  3  ........  n 
2 3 4 5 n  2 (n  1) (n  2)
(4 n  1)!
Q.20 Prove that , (2nC1)²+ 2 . (2nC2)² + 3 . (2nC3)² + ... + 2n . (2nC2n)² =
(2 n  1) !2
EXERCISE–III
Q.1 If in the expansion of (1 + x)m (1  x)n, the co-efficients of x and x2 are 3 and  6 respectively, then
m is : [JEE '99, 2 (Out of 200)]
(A) 6 (B) 9 (C) 12 (D) 24

 n  n   n 
Q.2 For 2  r  n ,   + 2   +   =
 r  r  1  r  2
 n  1  n  1  n  2  n  2
(A)   (B) 2   (C) 2   (D)  
 r  1  r  1  r   r 

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  n
Q.3 For any positive integers m , n (with n  m) , let   = nCm . Prove that
 m
 n  n  1  n  2  m  n  1
  +   +   + ........ +   =  
 m  m   m   m  m  1
Hence or otherwise prove that ,
 n  n  1  n  2  m  n2
  + 2   + 3   + ........ + (n  m + 1)   =   .
 m  m   m   m  m  2
[ JEE '2000 (Mains), 6 ]

Q.4 Find the largest co-efficient in the expansion of (1 + x) n , given that the sum of
co-efficients of the terms in its expansion is 4096 . [REE '2000 (Mains)]

a
Q.5 In the binomial expansion of (a – b)n, n > 5, the sum of the 5th and 6th terms is zero. Then equals
b
n5 n4 5 6
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 5 n4 n5
[ JEE '2001 (Screening), 3]
Q.6 Find the coeffcient of x49 in the polynomial [ REE '2001 (Mains) , 3 ]
 C   2 C   2 C   2 C 
 x  1   x  2  2   x  3  3  .................  x  50  50  where Cr = 50Cr .
 C0   C1   C2   C 49 
m
Q.7 The sum    ,
10 20
i m i (where   = 0 if P < q ) is maximum when m is
p
q
i 0
(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 20
[ JEE '2002 (Screening) , 3 ]
Q.8(a) Coefficient of t24 in the expansion of (1+ t2)12 (1 + t12) (1 + t24) is
(A) 12C6 + 2 (B) 12C6 + 1 (C) 12C6 (D) none
[JEE 2003, Screening 3 out of 60]
 n  n   n  n  1   n  n  2   n  n  K   n 
(b) Prove that : 2K .  0  K  – 2K–1 1  K  1 + 2K–2  2  K  2  ...... (–1)K  K  0    K  .
             
[JEE 2003, Mains-2 out of 60]
Q.9 n–1C = (K2 – 3).nCr+1, if K 
r
(A) [– 3 , 3] (B) (–, – 2) (C) (2, ) (D) ( 3 , 2]
[JEE 2004 (Screening)]

 30   30   30   30   30   30   30   30  n n
Q.10 The value of  0   10  –  1   11  +  2   12  ........ +  20   30  is, where  r  = Cr.
                
30  30   60   31
(A)  10  (B)  15  (C)  30  (D) 10 
       
[JEE 2005 (Screening)]

Q. 11 For r = 0, 1, ..... 10, let Ar, Br and Cr denote, respectively, the coefficient of xr in the expansions of
10
(1 + x)10, (1 + x)20 and (1 + x)30. Then  Ar(B10Br – C10Ar) is equal to
r 1
[JEE 2010]

(A) B10 – C10 (B) A10(B102 – C10A10) (C) 0 (D) C 10 – B10

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 10
 x 1 x 1 
Q. 12 The term independent of x in expansion of  2 1
 1  is [JEE Main 2013]
 x 3  x 3 1 x  x 2 
(A) 310 (B) 4 (C) 120 (D) 210
Q. 13 The coefficients of three consecutive terms of (1 + x)n+5 are in the ratio 5 : 10 : 14. Then n =
[JEE Advance 2013]
Q. 14 If the coefficients of x3 and x4 in the expansion of (1 + ax + bx2)(1 – 2x)18 in powers of x are both zero,
then (a, b) is equal to [JEE Main 2014]
 272   251   251   272 
(A)  16,  (B) 16,  (C) 14,  (D)  14, 
 3   3   3   3 
Q. 15 If (10)9 + 2(11)1(10)8 + 3(11)2(10)7 + ..... + 10(11)9 = k(10)9, then k is equal to [JEE Mains 2014]
121 441
(A) 110 (B) (C) (D) 100
10 100
Q. 16 Coefficient of x11 in the expansion of (1 + x2)4(1 + x3)7(1 + x4)12 is : [JEE Advance 2014]
(A) 1051 (B) 1106 (C) 1113 (D) 1120

Q. 17 The sum of coefficients of integral powers of x in the binomial expansion of (1 – 2 x )50 is :

1 1 1 1
(A) (250 + 1) (B) (350 + 1) (C) (350) (D) (350 – 1)
2 2 2 2
[JEE Main 2015]
Q. 18 The coefficient of x9 in the expansion of (1 + x)(1 + x2)(1 + x3)......(1 + x100) is [JEE Advance 2015]
n
 4
Q. 19 If the number of terms in the expansion of 1   2  , x  0, is 28, then the sum of the coefficients of
 x x 
all the terms in this expansion, is : [JEE Mains 2016]
(A) 64 (B) 2187 (C) 243 (D) 729
Q. 20 Let m be the smallest positive integer such that the coefficient of x2 in the expansion of
(1 + x)2 + (1 + x)3 + ...... + (1 + x)49 + (1 + mx)50 is (3n + 1) 51C3 for some positive integer n.
Then the value of n is : [JEE Advance 2016]

Q. 21 The value of (21C1 – 10C1) + (21C2 – 10C2) + (21C3 – 10C3) + (21C4 – 10C4) +.....+(21C10 – 10C10)
is [JEE Mains 2017]
(A) 221 – 211 (B) 221 – 210 (C) 220 – 29 (D) 220 – 210

Q. 22 The sum of the co-efficients of all odd degree terms in the expansion [JEE Mains 2018]
5 5
 x + x3 – 1  +  x – x 3 – 1  ,  x > 1
   is :
   
(A) 2 (B) –1 (C) 0 (D) 1

Q. 23 Let X = (10C1)2 + 2(10C2)2 + 3(10C3)2 +.....+ 10(10C10)2, where 10Cr, r  {1, 2,.....,10} denote
1
binomial coefficients. Then, the value of X is. [JEE Advance 2018]
1430

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Road, Kota, Rajasthan (324005), Ph. 8209928501, 8955158486
 ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE–I
11C a6 a5 5
Q.1 (i) 5 5 (ii) 11C6 6 (iii) ab = 1 Q.2 r = 5 or 9 Q.3 (a) (b) T6 =7
b b 12
Q.5 (i) 3n (ii) 1, (iii) an Q.7 x = 0 or 1 5
Q.9 (a)10150 (Prove that 10150  9950 = 10050 + some +ive qty) Q.10 1 +  11C2k . 2kCk 7k
k1
7.313
Q.12 (i) 990 (ii) 3660 Q.13 (i) T7 = (ii) 455 x 312 Q.16 n = 2 or 3 or 4
2
2
n n2
Q.19 (a) Q.20 (a) 84b6c3 + 630ab4c4 + 756a2b2c5 + 84a3c6; (b) 1260 . a2b3c4 ; (c) 12600
2
5 20
Q.22 nCr (3nr  2nr) Q.23 (a) n = 12 (b) < x < Q.25 8016 Q.29 500
8 21
EXERCISE–II
np
Q15 Differentiate the given expn. & put x = 1 to get the result (p+1)n
2
1
Q.18 Consider [(1+x)n + (1x)n] = C0 + C2x² + C4x4 + ..... Integrate between 0 & 1.
2
Q.19 Multiply both sides by x the expn. (1+x)n . Integrate both sides between 0 & 1.
EXERCISE–III
Q.1 C Q.2 D Q.4 12 C 6 Q.5 B
Q.6 – 22100 Q.7 C Q.8 (a) A Q.9 D
Q.10 A Q.11 D Q.12 D Q.13 6
Q.14 A Q.15 D Q.16 C Q.17 B
Q.18 8 Q.19 A / (Bonus) Q.20 5 Q.21 D
Q.22 A Q.23 646

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