MEHD221 Thermofluids lab 2017

Name: Iskandar Dzulqarnain

_____________________________ Section: 01
___________________
Student ID: DM98794
_____________________________ Group: B
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Date Performed: 22/3/2023
_____________________________ 26/3/2023
Date Submitted: ___________________

Experiment 4: Pump Performance

Objective(s): [2 marks]

To study the characteristics and performance of single pump and double pumps operation
with variable flow rate and pump speeds.

Results: [6 marks]
Table 1: Single pump operation with variable flowrate.

Pump
Flowrate Power PT3- Flowrate Power
Speed PT1 PT3 head Efficiency
Q (pump) PT1 Q (fluid)
[RPM] [bar] [bar] H [%]
[LPM] [Watt] [bar] [m3/s] [Watt]
[m]
50 1988 253.3 1.0 1.5 0.5 0.3 8.33x10^-4 4.09x10^-3 1.615x10^-5
60 1988 254.5 1.0 1.4 0.4 0.4 1x10^-3 3.924x10^-3 1.542x10^-5
70 1988 256.1 1.0 1.3 0.3 0.3 1.167x10^-3 3.43x10^-3 1.339x10^-5

80 1988 257.4 1.2 0.9 -0.3 0.3 1.33x10^-3 3.91x10^-3 1.519x10^-5

Table 2: Single pump operation with variable pump speeds.

Flowrate Power Pump head

Speed PT1 PT3 PT3 - PT1
Q (pump) H
(RPM) [bar] [bar] [bar]
(LPM) [Watt] [m]
2100 100.9 577.4 0.9 1.1 0.2 0.1
2000 95 523.1 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.1
1900 90 498.4 1.0 1.0 0 0
1800 85.8 431.6 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.1

1700 80.1 383.5 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.1

1600 73.3 344.4 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.1
1500 68.3 313.7 1.0 1.0 0 0

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MEHD221 Thermofluids lab 2017

Part B:
Table 3: Pumps in series operation with variable flowrate.

Pump
Flowrate Power Flowrate Power
Speed PT1 PT3 PT3-PT1 head Efficiency
Q (pump) Q (fluid)
[RPM] [bar] [bar] [bar] H [%]
[LPM] [Watt] [m3/s] [Watt]
[m]
80 1700 305.9 1.0 1.0 0 0 1.33x10^-3 0 0

Table 4: Pumps in series operation with variable pump speeds.

Flowrate Power
Speed PT1 PT3 PT3 - PT1 Pump head H
Q (pump)
(RPM) [bar] [bar] [bar] [m]
(LPM) [Watt]

Table 5: Pumps in parallel operation with variable flowrate.

Pump
Flowrate Power Flowrate Power
Speed PT1 PT3 PT3-PT1 head Efficiency
Q (pump) Q (fluid)
[RPM] [bar] [bar] [bar] H [%]
[LPM] [Watt] [m3/s] [Watt]
[m]

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MEHD221 Thermofluids lab 2017

Table 6: Pumps in parallel operation with variable pump speeds.

Flowrate Power
Speed PT1 PT3 PT3 - PT1 Pump head H
Q (pump)
(RPM) [bar] [bar] [bar] [m]
(LPM) [Watt]

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MEHD221 Thermofluids lab 2017

Sample of Calculation [3 marks]

*Note: Show sample of each calculation.

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MEHD221 Thermofluids lab 2017

Graph [8 marks]

Part A:
1. Plot graph of pump head vs flowrate (Graph 1). [1 marks]
2. Plot graph of efficiency vs flowrate (Graph 2). [1 marks]
3. Plot graph of flowrate vs pump speed (Graph 3). [1 marks]
4. Plot graph of pump head vs pump speed (Graph 4). [1 marks]

Part B:
1. Plot graph of pump head vs flowrate (Graph 5) for both conditions (series and parallel) in the
same graph. [1 marks]
2. Plot graph of efficiency vs flowrate (Graph 6) for both conditions (series and parallel) in the
same graph. [1 marks]
3. Plot graph of flowrate vs pump speed (Graph 7) for both conditions (series and parallel) in the
same graph. [1 marks]
4. Plot graph of pump head vs pump speed (Graph 8) for both conditions (series and parallel) in
the same graph. [1 marks]

*Note: Graphs can be drawn manually or by using Microsoft Excel. If drawn manually, please
use graph paper. Maximum two (2) graphs per sheet.
Discussion [15 marks]
1. What is pump? Explain the working principle of centrifugal pump. [3 marks]

Pumps are devices that transfer mechanical energy from a prime mover into
fluid energy to produce the flow of liquids. A centrifugal pump operates through the transfer of rotational
energy from one or more driven rotors, called impellers. The action of the impeller increases
the fluid's velocity and pressure and directs it towards the pump outlet.

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MEHD221 Thermofluids lab 2017

2. Explain the advantages and disadvantages using two pumps in series and parallel setting.
[2marks]
Series: Parallel:

Lesser energy consumption but on the other It increases the flow rate but it also causes
hand, there are more moving parts greater fluid friction losses.
so there is a higher chance of error.

3. Discuss on the graphs plotted in Part A. [4 marks]

Graph 1 and graph 2 have same shape graph, both increase.
Graph 3 and graph 4 have same shape graph, both decrease.
As the flow rate decreases the pump speed also decreases.

4. Discuss on the graphs plotted in Part B. [4 marks]

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MEHD221 Thermofluids lab 2017

5. List three (3) possible sources of error and three (3) safety precautions. [2 marks]

3 possible source of error: 3 safety precautions:

Calculation error
Not accurate information written Check pump exterior for any leaks
Not using appropriate formula Check for unusual noises

Conclusion [6 marks]
From the experiment, the characteristics of this pump which is the efficiency, brake horsepower
and the head can be defined by using a different speed of pump. Thus, the objective of this
experiment is achieved in order to define any centrifugal pump characteristics.

It also can be concluded that the main objectives of this experiment have been achieved successfully.
We can also determine all the parameters required. However, it is to be noted that, some of the value
of readings obtained may be inaccurate due to certain errors that occurred during the
experiment i.e. parallax error and human error. Yet it still leads and produced the expected results
accordingly and as required.

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Graph 1 Graph 3

Graph 2 Graph 4