2017 2nd -AL-Sadiq International Science Conference on Multidisciplinary in IT and Communication Science and Technologies -

2nd- AIC – MITC – Baghdad – IRAQ

Miniaturized SIW Wideband BPF Based on Folded

Ring and Meander Line Slot for Wireless
Applications
Ali J. Salim1, Aya N. Alkhafaji2, Taha A. Elwi3, Hadi T. Ziboon4, Saad Mutashar5, and Jawad K. Ali6
1,2,4,5,6
Microwave Research Group, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Technology, Iraq
3
Department of Communication Engineering, Al-Mammon University College, Baghdad, Iraq
[email protected], [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected]
, [email protected]

Abstract— A miniaturized wideband bandpass filter (BPF) Euclidean shapes as a way for constructing slots [11]-[14].
substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) has been proposed in this Other papers adopted
paper for the operation in X-band applications. The design of the various shapes of slots to get a miniaturized filter [15]-
suggested filter is carried out by etching a complementary folded [17].The purpose of creating slots with different shapes is to
ring resonator (CFRR) cell embedded with a meander line slot on
construct multi-resonator within the same structure.
the top layer of the structure. The filter performance has been
evaluated of the proposed filter have been carried out using the The controlling of these slot dimensions leads to different
Microwave Studio Suite, CST electromagnetic simulator. A sizes of the resonator and therefore obtained different
parametric study has been conducted to explore the influence the operating frequencies. In this paper, for the first time,
various filter elements on its performance. The results show that presents a three pole planar SIW wideband pass filter (BPF)
the application of the (CFRR) cells makes the filter to possess a using a complementary folded ring resonator (CFRR) cells
more compact size and a broader bandwidth. The SIW cavity embedded with meander line slots for microwave wireless
dimensions are 13 × 9.4 mm2 while the overall filter dimensions applications.
are 18 × 10 mm2 using a substrate having a relative dielectric
constant of 6 and thickness of 0.508 mm. The realized results
demonstrate a return loss of less than –45 dB and insertion loss of II. THE FILTER DESIGN
about –0.5 dB with a fractional bandwidth of about 45%
The idea of constructing the proposed structure in this paper
centered at 8.56 GHz. These features offered by the proposed
filter make it more suitable for use in the design of modern is essentially based on the adoption of rectangular ring
microwave and millimeter-wave circuits. resonator through the process of folding one of the ring sides
to inside and take complementary for the purpose of
Index Terms— SIW wide band pass filter, Miniaturized miniaturization of the resonator that we seek as a starting
Band Pass Filters (BPFs), Compact SIW BPF filter. step in the design as shown in Fig. 1. For this reason, this
structure called complementary folded ring resonator
(CFRR).
I. INTRODUCTION
Recently, the SIW technology has been proved to successful
when employed in the design of different types of filters that
are characterized by the high-quality factor, the low insertion
loss and the ease integration with the planar microwave
circuits alternative to the conventional waveguide band pass
filters[1]–[5]. Many papers that deal with the subject of filter
miniaturization based on SIW. A useful method based on the
SIW was practiced to design wideband filters with
miniaturized sizes. This method is based originally on the
creation of different shapes of slots in the upper or the lower
layers of the resonator. Although, filter miniaturization has
Fig. 1. The proposed CFRR structure: (a) Rectangular ring resonator, (b)
been achieved using the different fractal geometries [6]-[8], Folded ring resonator, and (c) complementary folded ring resonator.
many research works have adopted these geometries to realize
more miniaturized filter structures due to the unique features
that characterized it [9]-[10]. However, others have taken the

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2017 2nd -AL-Sadiq International Science Conference on Multidisciplinary in IT and Communication Science and Technologies -
2nd- AIC – MITC – Baghdad – IRAQ

Moreover, to control the resonant frequency and make the filter

operates in a specified bandwidth; another slot in the form of
meander line is added at the center of CFRR cell. The proposed
CFRR cell with embedded meander line shape in the form of a
slot is shown in Fig. 2.Table 1 summarizes the appropriate
dimensions of the CFRR embedded with meander line slot.

The proposed filter is constructed by integrating slots in the

SIW structure with three stages for getting a three poles filter
for sharp behavior; these slots are in the form of CFRR
resonator as shown in Fig. 3.
.The detailed and optimum dimensions of the proposed
three cascaded CFRR cells embedded with meander line slots
BPF is illustrated in Table 2. Fig. 3. The CST model and parameters of the proposed filter with three
cascaded CFRR cells embedded with meander line slots.
Table I. Dimensions of the proposed CFRR cell embedded with meander III. PARAMETRIC STUDY AND SIMULATION
line slot. RESULTS
All parameters suggested in this paper are finely tuned by using
Parameter x y u v b o s
CST Microwave Studio. The proposed SIW cavity dimensions
Value (mm) 1 4 1.20 0.45 0.70 0.20 0.20 are 13 × 9.4 mm2,while the overall dimensions are 18 × 10
mm2 employing a substrate with relative dielectric constant of
6 and thickness of 0.508 mm. Many parameters have studied to
get more insight into their effects on the performance of the
suggested filter. As noted from the results presented in Figure
4, increasing the parameter y, represents the side length of the
CFRR cell, led to decrease the center frequency of the
operating band, so this frequency can be controlled easily by
determining an appropriate value for this parameter.

It observed from monitoring results shown in Figures 5 and 6,

the etching of meander slot at the center of each CFRR cell
does not much affect the position of resonating bandwidth but
finds it too much influence the location of transmission zero
towards the edges cut-off frequency. Approaching the edges,
the cut-off frequency results in higher selectivity and a higher
roll-off rate at the passband.

Fig. 2: The structure of the CFRR cell embedded with meander line slot.

Table II. Summary of the dimensions of the proposed filter

Parameter L as c w t p d

Value (mm) 14 9.40 2.15 1.55 0.20 1 0.60

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2nd- AIC – MITC – Baghdad – IRAQ

contrasts with the purpose for which the filter has been
designed which is compact.

Fig. 4. The simulated S-parameter responses of the proposed filter for

parameter y: (a) Return loss (S11), and (b) Insertion loss (S21).

Fig. 6. The simulated S-parameter responses of the proposed filter for

parameter v: (a) Return loss (S11), and (b) Insertion loss (S21).

In Figure 7, it can be seen that S12 has values of around -0.5

dB, S11 of less than -45 dB throughout the whole passband. In
addition, the proposed filter offers a fractional bandwidth
(FBW) of about 45% centered at 8.56 GHz. Furthermore, a
transmission zero of 11.28 GHz is created to improve the
stopband performance.

Fig. 5. The simulated S-parameter responses of the proposed filter for

parameter u: (a) Return loss (S11), and (b) Insertion loss (S21).

This requires increasing the length of the meander line slot

and thus leads us to enhance the length of the ring resonator,
and this is, in turn, affect the center frequency of operating
band. This may increase the resonator size and therefore

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2nd- AIC – MITC – Baghdad – IRAQ

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microstrip bandpass filters based on Moore fractal geometry,”
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