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Assignment2 - Quantum Mechanic and Quantum Computing

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18 views

Assignment2 - Quantum Mechanic and Quantum Computing

Uploaded by

mamadou.thiam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 2: Quantum Computing - Some Circuits

AIMS 2024

1. If we use the (quantum) computer scientists’ notation for Pauli matrices, i.e.
ˆ ˙ ˆ ˙ ˆ ˙
0 1 1 0 0 ´i
X“ , Z“ , Y “
1 0 0 ´1 i 0

and denote the Hadamard matrix by H,


ˆ ˙
1 1 1
H“?
2 1 ´1

prove the following elementary circuit identities by considering the possible inputs and outputs:

X Y X “ ´Y

and

‚ Z
=
H ‚ H
[6 marks]

2. Again, by considering all the possible inputs (or otherwise!) show that

H ‚ H
=
‚ H H
[8 marks]
3. By considering all the possible inputs show that the CCNOT (Toffoli) gate can implement the logical
AND gate with three inputs, including an ancilla |0y into which the output is written, as in the circuit below.

Logical AND from Toffoli

[6 marks]

4. The Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) plays an important role in several quantum algorithms. If a
state |ψy is given by
Nÿ´1
|ψy “ aj |jy
j“0

then the QFT of |ψy, denoted by F |ψy is


Nÿ
´1 N ´1 ˆ ˙
1 ÿ 2πijk
F |ψy “ bk |ky, bk “ ? aj exp
k“0
N j“0 N

In these sums N “ 2n if we have n qubits. The circuit below implements a QFT on two qubits. Consider
the input |01y (it works for the other possible inputs too) and evaluate the output:

H R2 ˆ

‚ H ˆ

In the circuit H is the standard Hadamard gate and R2 is a controlled Rn gate with n “ 2. This means it
implements ˆ ˙
1 0
0 expp2πi{2n q
on the first register when the second register is |1y, otherwise it does nothing. The final vertical wire reverses
the order of the two qubits.
[8 marks]

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