Individual Round

Instructions
1. Do not look at the test before the proctor starts the round.

2. This test consists of 20 short-answer problems to be solved in 60 minutes. The final estimation
question will be used to break ties.

3. No computational aids other than pencil/pen are permitted.

4. Write your name, team name, and team ID on your answer sheet.

5. Write your answers in the corresponding lines on your answer sheet.

6. Answers must be reasonably simplified.

7. If you believe that the test contains an error, submit your protest on the CMWMC discord
channel.
 Individual Round
1. Let
15213
x= .
15 − 213
Find the integer nearest to x.

2. A grocery store sells oranges for either $1 each or five for $4. If Theo wants to buy 40 oranges,
they would save $k by buying all five-packs instead of all single oranges. What is k?

3. Let ABCD be a square. If AB and CD were increased in length by 20% and AD and BC were
decreased in length by 20% while keeping ABCD a rectangle, the area of ABCD would change
by k%. Find k.

4. Polly writes down all nonnegative integers that contain at most one 0, at most three 2s, and no
other digits. What is the median of all numbers that Polly writes down?

5. Let P be a point. 7 circles of distinct radii all pass through P . Let n be the total number of
intersection points, including P . What is the ratio of the maximum possible value of n to the
minimum possible value of n?

6. Define the sequence {an } recursively with a0 = 2, a1 = 3, and

an = a0 + · · · + an−1 ,

for n ≥ 2. What is a2022 ?

7. Define the sequence {an } recursively with a0 = 1, a1 = 0, and

an = 2an−1 + 9an−2

for all n ≥ 2. What is the units digit of a2022 ?

8. Suppose that x satisfies |2x − 2| − 2 ≤ x. Find the sum of the minimum and maximum possible
value of x.

9. Clarabelle has 5000 cards numbered 1 to 5000. They pick five at random and then place them
face down such that their numbers are increasing from left to right. They then turn over the
third card to reveal the number 2022. What is the probability that the first card is a 1?

10. Rays r1 and r2 share a common endpoint. Three squares have sides on one of the rays and vertices
on the other, as shown in the diagram. If the side lengths of the smallest two squares are 20 and
22, find the side length of the largest square.

r2

r1
 Individual Round
11. There exists a rectangle ABCD and a point P inside ABCD such that AP = 20, BP = 21, and
CP = 22. In such a setup, find the square of the length DP .

12. Compute the smallest integer N such that 56 = 15625 appears as the last five digits of 5N , where
N > 6.

13. There exist two complex numbers z1 , z2 such that

|z1 + z2 |2 + |z1 − z2 |2 = 338

Find the length of the hypotenuse of the right triangle formed with legs of length |z1 |, |z2 |.

14. Blåhaj has two rays with a common endpoint A0 that form an angle of 1◦ . They construct a
sequence of points A0 , . . . , An such that for all 1 ≤ i ≤ n, |Ai−1 Ai | = 1, and |Ai A0 | > |Ai−1 A0 |.
Find the largest possible value of n.

A1 A3
A0
A2 A4

15. Consider the sequence 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, . . . Find the sum of the first 100 terms of the sequence.

16. Suppose Annie the Ant is walking on a regular icosahedron (as shown). She starts on point A
and will randomly create a path to go to point Z which is the point directly opposite to A. Every
move she makes never moves further from Z, and she has equal probability to go down every valid
move. What is the expected number of moves she can make?

17. Suppose that z is a complex number, where the expression

z − 2i
z+1
is real. Find min |z − 1|.
 Individual Round
18. Scotty has a circular sheet of paper with radius 1. They split this paper into n congruent sectors,
and with each sector, tape the two straight edges together to form a cone. Let V be the combined
volume of all n cones. What is the maximum value of V ?

19. Let  n
m 1
P (x) = (x − 3) x−
3
where m, n are positive integers. How many ordered pairs (m, n) for m, n ≤ 100 result in P (x)
having integer coefficients for its first three terms and last term? Assume P (x) is depicted from
greatest to least exponent of x.

20. Let f (x) = |x| − 1 and g(x) = |x − 1|. Define

f n (x) = f (f (f (...f (x))),

| {z }
n times

and define g n (x) similarly. Let the number of solutions to f 20 (x) = 0 and g 20 (x) = 0 be a, b,
respectively. Find a − b.

21. (Estimation) Let M be the mean absolute deviation of all submissions to this question. In other
words, if the submissions to this question are x1 , x2 , . . . , xn , with mean x, then
n
1X
M= |xi − x|.
n
i=1

Estimate M . Your answer must an integer between 0 and 999, inclusive.