Developing and Prototyping Next-Generation

Communications Systems

Dr. Amod Anandkumar

Team Lead – Signal Processing and Communications
Application Engineering Group

© 2015 The MathWorks, Inc.

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Proliferation of Wireless Standards

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A New Generation? Why?

New Use Cases

Requirements
4K, 8K, 360° Video
Virtual Reality
Solutions
Ultra broadband
Remote Surgery Low latency More bands
Internet of Things Massive device Increased bandwidth
Connected Vehicles connectivity
Better spectral
Low energy and cost efficiency
Flexible air interface
Densification
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Road to 5G
Evolution of Current Standards + New Radio Technology

Tight integration
critical

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 Developing Next Generation Wireless Technology

Antenna Mixed-Signal Digital DSP Software System

RF Design
Design Hardware Hardware Algorithms Development Architecture

at least 7
Requires˅different design skills to be successful!
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MATLAB & Simulink: Unified Wireless Design Platform
for baseband, RF, and antenna modeling and simulation

Algorithms, Waveforms, Measurements RF Front End Antennas, Antenna Arrays

• Communications System Toolbox • RF Toolbox • Antenna Toolbox
• Phased Array System Toolbox • RF Blockset • Phased Array System Toolbox
• LTE System Toolbox
System Architecture
• WLAN System Toolbox
DSP Antenna
Mixed-Signal RF Design
Algorithms Design

Digital
Baseband DAC PA
Front End
Channel
Digital PHY RF Front End

Digital
Baseband ADC LNA Antenna
Front End

• Simulink • Communications System Toolbox

• DSP System Toolbox • Phased Array System Toolbox
• Control System Toolbox • LTE System Toolbox
Mixed-signal • WLAN System Toolbox
Channel Modeling 6
MATLAB & Simulink: Unified Wireless Design Platform
for algorithm developers, system architects, HW and SW developers

System Architecture
DESIGN
TRANSMITTER
DSP/ Algorithms
Digital
Instrument Control Toolbox
Baseband DAC PA
Front End

RF Front End Antenna RF Test Instruments

Digital PHY
Digital
Baseband ADC LNA
Front End

RECEIVER

SDR Support Packages

Software Digital Hardware Communications System Toolbox
PROTOTYPE
C Code HDL

SDR Platform

Fixed-Point Designer
IMPLEMENT
HDL Coder
Processor FPGA ASIC
Embedded Coder
Software-Defined Radio

HDL and C code generation Multi-vendor hardware support

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Example: Vehicular Communications

Continuous, high-speed, and authenticable safety data exchange among

moving vehicles, roadway infrastructure, pedestrians, and cellular network

 Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)

 Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I)
V2X
 Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P)

 Vehicle-to-Network (V2N)

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 Example: DSRC V2V Safety Scenario Simulation

Dedicated Short Range Communications

 5.9 GHz
 PHY: IEEE 802.11p
 MAC: CSMA/CA with DCF

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Example Summary

1. Visualize and model traffic scene and vehicles in motion using MATLAB

2. Model vehicular maneuvers, collision prediction, and collision avoidance

algorithms using MATLAB

3. Model PHY (802.11p) using WLAN System Toolbox

4. Model MAC (CSMA/CA with DCF) using SimEvents

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WLAN System Toolbox

 Standards compliant physical layer models:

– 802.11a/b/g/n/ac
– 802.11j/p
– 802.11ah
– 802.11ad

 Transmitter, receiver, and channel models

 Open, customizable MATLAB code

 C-code generation enabled with MATLAB Coder

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Key 5G Technologies

 New Waveforms / Modulation Schemes

 Massive MIMO

 mmWave Bands

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New Waveforms, Massive MIMO and mmWave Communications
Some Challenges

 New modulation schemes

– Requirements: reduced out of band emissions and relaxed synchronization requirements
– Non-orthogonal waveforms  complex receiver design

 High frequency – above 30GHz

– Large communication bandwidth  digital signal processing is challenging
– High-throughput DSP  linearity requirements imposed over large bandwidth
– Wavelength ~ 1mm  small devices, many antennas packed in small areas

 Large antenna arrays

– Antennas need to be close together to avoid grating lobes
– Digital beamforming can be complex and power hungry (BW x NT, many ADCs)
– Analog beamforming has limited capabilities
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 Example: 5G Waveforms over 3GPP mmWave Channel

 Modulation schemes
– CP-OFDM, F-OFDM, W-OFDM

 Variable subcarrier spacing

– 60 kHz

 Variable no. of RBs

– 100

 mmWave channel model

– 28 GHz

Get 5G Library 14
 Introducing the 5G Library
Free Add-on for LTE System Toolbox

 5G channel models (3GPP TR 38.900)

– 6 GHz – 100 GHz

 New Radio (NR) Waveforms

– (F-OFDM, W-OFDM)

 Link level simulation reference design

Learn More 15
LTE System Toolbox

 LTE and LTE-Advanced (Rel-8 through Rel-12)

 Scope
– FDD/TDD
– Uplink/Downlink/Sidelink
– Transmitter/Receiver
– Channel models
 >200 functions for physical layer (PHY) modeling
 LTE Signal generation

 ACLR/EVM measurement
 Conformance Tests

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 Example: Interference Mitigation using Massive MIMO

 System model
– Receiver
 Antenna array, Beamformer, Signal Processing Receive
– Source of interest Antenna Array
Source of
 LTE node with specific cell ID Interest
– Propagation channel
 Path loss, environment
– Interference source
 LTE node with neighboring cell ID

Channel Model
Interference Source

Model and simulate to determine expected performance, operational limits and mitigation effectiveness
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 Phased Array System Toolbox

 Array design and analysis

 Advanced array processing algorithms
– Temporal processing
– Spatial processing
– Space-time adaptive processing

 End-to-end system modeling

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Tools for Mathematical Analysis and Modelling

 MATLAB
 Linear algebra, sparse matrices, graphs, computational geometry, …

 Symbolic Math Toolbox

 Simplification and manipulation, calculus, transforms, linear algebra, …

 Optimization Toolbox
 linear programming, mixed-integer linear programming, quadratic programming, …

 Global Optimization Toolbox

 pattern search, genetic algorithm, simulated annealing, …

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Accelerate Simulations with Scalable Computing

Cloud

Cluster

Multi-Core
GPU

MATLAB Distributed Computing Server

Parallel Computing Toolbox

MATLAB
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 DOCOMO Beijing Labs Accelerates
the Development of Mobile
Communications Technology

Challenge
Research, develop, and verify next-generation mobile communications User interface for DOCOMO Beijing Labs’
technologies system-level simulator.

Solution “With MATLAB we spend less time coding

Use MATLAB and Parallel Computing Toolbox to accelerate the and more time developing innovative
development and simulation of innovative algorithms at the link level mobile communications algorithms. More
and the system level importantly, with only minor modifications
we can accelerate the simulation of
Results
algorithms on our computing cluster to
 Development time halved
thoroughly evaluate and verify them under
 Simulation time reduced from weeks to hours a wide range of operating
 Five times more scenarios verified conditions and scenarios.”
Lead Research Engineer
Link to user story DOCOMO Beijing Labs
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 Design and Prototype a Wide Range of Wireless Systems
with Communications System Toolbox

Available Here
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 More Examples – 5G Waveform Exploration
in Communications System Toolbox

Available Here 24
 More Examples – Beamforming
in Phased Array System Toolbox

Available Here 25
Designing LTE and LTE Advanced
Physical Layer Systems with MATLAB

Topics include:
 Review of the advanced communications techniques
forming the core of an LTE system: OFDMA and SC-
FDMA multi-carrier techniques, and MIMO multi-antenna
systems
 Descriptions of all of the signals and elements of the
processing chain for the uplink and downlink LTE physical
channels
 Methods for golden reference verification with the
standard

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Phased Array System Toolbox Fundamentals
This one-day course provides a comprehensive introduction to the
Phased Array System Toolbox™. Themes including radar characterization
and analysis, radar design and modeling and radar signal processing are
explored throughout the course.

Topics include:
 Review of a Monostatic End-to-End Radar Model
 Characterize and analyze radar components and systems
 Design and model components of a radar system
 Implement a range of radar signal processing algorithms

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Key 5G Technologies

 New Waveforms / Modulation Schemes

 Massive MIMO

 mmWave Bands

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Implementation and Prototyping
using Model-Based Design
DESIGN

TRANSMITTER

Digital
Baseband DAC PA
Front End

RF Front End Antenna

Digital PHY

Digital
Baseband ADC LNA
Front End

RECEIVER

PROTOTYPE

C Code HDL

SDR Platform

IMPLEMENT

Processor FPGA ASIC

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Over-the-air testing with SDRs & RF instruments

LTE LTE

Generate Transmit with Capture signals

Recover
custom SDR devices with SDR
original data
waveforms or RF instruments or instruments

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 Prototyping Workflow Using SDR Platforms

Algorithm design
Simulation Model RF I/O Streaming
I/O

SDR testing with

live signal I/O
Pre-
Pre-configured
Generate HDL Code User-
Analog configured User-Designed
FPGA
FPGA Designed Information
Implementation Model Front-End Algorithm Algorithms
Algorithms
Algorithms

Verify on SDR Hardware Desktop Design and

SDR hardware Simulation

Webinar: 5G/LTE/WLAN: Waveform Generation, Simulation, Measurement and Over-the-Air Testing

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Supported SDR Platforms
Xilinx Zynq-Based Radio
ZC706, ZedBoard, PicoZed
ADI FMCOMMS1/2/3/4

Xilinx FPGA-Based Radio

Virtex-6 ML605, Spartan-6 SP605
ADI FMCOMMS1, Epiq FMC-1Rx

USRP Radio
USRP2, N200/210
B200/B210, X300/310
E310
Analog Devices ADALM Pluto Radio

RTL-SDR Radio
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Ericsson | Tomas Andersson
Radio Test Bed Design Using HDL Coder

Challenge
Implement FPGA based radio signal processing in a small team mainly consisting
of people with signal processing and programming background

Solution
Use HDL Coder to generate VHDL for signal processing

Results
 Successful implementation running on FPGA
 Generated code easy to integrate into main design
 Very short lead time for changes in design

http://www.mathworks.com/videos/radio-testbed-design-using-hdl-coder-92636.html
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Updated: Communication Systems
Design with MATLAB
 Advanced communications topics
– MIMO / OFDM
– LDPC / Turbo Codes / OSTBCs
– Examples using IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) & LTE-based
system and waveform parameters

 New hands-on content using

Software Defined Radios
– Radio-in-the-loop using RTL-SDR and USRP B210
– Build end-to-end OFDM system using a USRP
– Demonstrate a 2x2 OFDM-MIMO over-the-air system RTL-SDR (RX) USRP (TX & RX)
using USRPs 34
DSP for FPGAs
Topics include:
 Introduction to FPGA hardware and technology for DSP applications

 DSP fixed-point arithmetic

 Signal flow graph techniques

 HDL code generation for FPGAs

 Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Implementation

 Design and implementation of FIR, IIR and CIC filters

 CORDIC algorithm

 Design and implementation of adaptive algorithms such as LMS and QR algorithm

 Techniques for synchronisation and digital communications timing recovery 35

 New: Software Defined Radio with
Zynq using Simulink
 Learn the Model-Based Design workflow from
simulation of RF chain, testing with Radio I/O to
moving design to chip

 Get hands-on experience with PicoZed

– Setting up and communicating with board

– Capture over-the-air signal and process in MATLAB

– AD9361 configuration

– HW/SW co-design for SDR

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What’s New for Wireless System Design
 WINNER II Channel Model

 Support for USRP® E310 SDRs

 Support for ADALM-PLUTO® SDRs

 Synchronize multiple USRP® radios

 Scattering MIMO channel model

 AD9371 Transceiver model

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Summary
MATLAB & Simulink: Unified Wireless Design Platform

 Trusted, diverse, open (white-boxed) libraries

 Fast simulations with scalable computing across CPU, GPU, and Clusters

 Unified modelling and simulation of digital, RF, and antenna systems

 Integrated platform for mathematical analysis, and algorithm, software, &

hardware development

Enables rapid iteration between theory and implementation

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Call to Action

 Learn more about accelerating simulations using parallel computing

 Download whitepapers and technical articles

– Wireless Design with Today’s MATLAB
– Evaluating 5G Waveforms Over 3D Propagation Channels with the 5G Library
– Hybrid Beamforming for Massive MIMO Phased Array Systems

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Speaker Details Contact MathWorks India
Email: [email protected] Products/Training Enquiry Booth
LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/in/ajga2 Call: 080-6632-6000
Twitter: @_Dr_Amod Email: [email protected]

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