Answers

The questions and example answers that appear in this resource were written by the author. In examination, the way marks would
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​​

Chapter 1 f x ∈ ℝ, x > −5
g x ∈ ℝ, x . 2
Exercise 1.1 h x ∈ ℝ, x , 1
1 one-one i x∈ℝ
2 many-one
3 one-one Exercise 1.3
4 one-one 1 −4
5 one-one 2 7
6 one-one 3 −2
7 one-one 57
4 ​​ ___ ​​
8 one-many 16
5 a fg b gf
Exercise 1.2 6 x = 1.7
__

1 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 7 x = 5​​√ 2 ​​

2 a −11 < f (x) < −1 8 x = 10

__
b −2 < f (x) < 10 1
9 x = ​​ __ ​​   (1 + ​​√ 2 ​​   )
3
c −3 < f (x) < 13
10 a fg b gf c g2 d f   2
d 0 < f (x) < 32
1 11 a gf b ff c fg
e ​​ ___ ​​ < f (x) < 27
81 12 a domain x ∈ ℝ, x ≠ −0.5
1 range g (x) ∈ ℝ, x ≠ 0.5
f − ​​ __ ​​ < f (x) < −1
6 b x=5
3 g (x) > −5 c domain x ∈ ℝ, x , −0.5 or x > 5
__
4 f (x) < 4 ​ 2 ​
√
range fg (x) ∈ ℝ, 0 < fg (x) < ​​ ___ ​​
5 f (x) < 3 2
__
6 f (x) > −2 ​ 2 ​
√
or, fg (x) . ​​ ___ ​​
2
7 −8 < f (x) < 8
8 f (x) < 3
9 a x ∈ ℝ, x ≠ −3
Exercise 1.4
b x ∈ ℝ, x ≠ 2 1 a x = −5, x = 6

c x ∈ ℝ, x ≠ −2, x ≠ 3 b x = −6, x = 2

d x ∈ ℝ, x ≠ −2, x ≠ 2 2 10
c x = __
​​   ​​   , x = ​​ ___ ​​
_ 1
​   ​ 3 3
e x ∈ ℝ, x > ​​4​​  3
d x = −28, x = 32

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 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

16 8
e x = −  ​​ ___ ​​  , x = ​​ __ ​​ b y
3 3
6
3 21 ​​
f x = −  ​​ __ ​​   , x = ​​ ___
2 2
4
g x = 15, x = 21
35 5 2
h x = −  ​​ ___ ​​, x = __
​​   ​​
8 4
i x = 2, x = 6
–4 –2 O 2 4 6 8 x
7 –2
2 a x = −  ​​ __ ​​   , x = −17
5
11 ​​  , x = 7 c y
b x = −  ​​ ___
7 6
20
c x = −4, x = −  ​​ ___ ​​
7 4
3
d x = __
​​   ​​
5 2
9
e x = −1, x = ​​ __ ​​
5 x
–4 –2 O 2 4 6 8
8
f x = ​​ __ ​​
5 –2

3 a x = ±3 d y
__
6
b x= ±  ​​√ 6 ​​
c x = −4, x = −2, x = 3
4
d x = 0, x = 1, x = 5
__
e x = 3, x = 1 + 3​​√ 2 ​​ 2

f x = −1, x = 1.5
O x
g x = 1, x = 1.5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
__
h x = −1, x = 3 − ​​√6 ​​ –2

i No solutions
e y
4 a x = −2, y = 2 or x = 3, y = 7
b x = −0.25, y = 1.25 or x = 0.25, y = 0.75 or x = 1, y = 0
6

Exercise 1.5 4
1 a y
6 2

4 –4 –2 O 2 4 6 x

2 –2

f y

–4 –2 O 2 4 6 8 x 6

–2 4

O x
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

–2

200
 Answers

e y
2 a x −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4
6
y 0 1 2 3 2 1 0

4
b y
6 2

4
–4 –2 O 2 4x
2 –2

–4 –2 O 2 4 6 x
f y
–2
6

3 a y 4

6 2

4 x
–6 –4 –2 O 2 4 6

2 –2

4 a −6 < f (x) < 15

–2 O 2 x
b 0 < f (x) < 15
c −6 < f (x) < 6
b y
6 5 a −8 < f (x) < 4
4 b 0 < f (x) < 8
2 c −8 < f (x) < 2
6 a and b y
–8 –6 –4 –2 O 2 4 6 8 10 x
–2
6
c y
4
6
2
4

2 –4 –2 O 2 4 6x
–2
–4 –2 O 2 4 6x
c x = −0.25, x = 2.5
–2 7 a y
2
d y
8
–4 –2 O 2 4 6x
6
–2
4
–4
2
–6

–4 –2 O 2 4 6 x

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 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

b −6 < f (x) < 1 16 f (x) = ± (3x + 1)

5
c x = __
​​   ​​   , x = −1

8 a
3
y
Exercise 1.7
6 1 y
y=x
6
4
4
2
2

–8 –6 –4 –2 O 2 4 x
–4 –2 O 2 4 6x
–2
b −6 , x , 0 –2

y
Exercise 1.6 2
6
_____
1 f−1 (x) = √​​ x + 3 ​​− 2 4

2x + 5
2 f (x) = ______
−1
​​   ​​ x 2
_____
2 + √​ x − 3 ​
3 f−1 (x) = ​​ __________
 ​​ –6 –4 –2 O 2 4 6 8x
3
–2
4 f−1 (x) = (x − 4)2 + 2
–4
x+4 4x − 4
5 f−1 (x) = _____
​​   ​​  , g−1 (x) = ______
​​  x ​​
3 –6
_____
6 a f−1 (x) = √​​ x − 3 ​​+ 2
3 y
b x = 28 16
3x + 1 15
7 a g−1 (x) = ______
​​   ​​  , g (x) is a self-inverse function
x−3 14
19 13
b x = ___
​​   ​​
3 12
8 a f−1 (x) = 2x + 4 11
__ 10
b 4 ± 2​​√7 ​​
9
___
2 ± ​√13 ​ 8
9 ​​ _______
 ​​ 7
3
______ 6
10 ​  √
4x − 9
f−1 (x) = ​​ ______
x−1
 ​ ​​ , x ≠ 1 5
4
11 1  ​​
x = ​​ ___ 3
25 2
1
12 k = −2
__
13 a (3x + 2​​)​​  ​ 3 ​​​
_1
b
3
3​​√x ​​ + 2 –4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
–1
–2
x−1
14 a ​​ _____
 ​​ b 2x − 1 –3
2
–4
c x−2 d x−1 –5
e x−1 f x−2
(gf   ) = f   g , (fg) = g f  
−1 −1 −1 −1 −1 −1

1 1
15 f (x) = __
​​   ​​   x − ​​ __ ​​
6 6

202
 Answers

x+6
a f  −1 (x) = _____
4 ​​   ​​
3 Exercise 1.8
b y 1 a x=2 b f (x) > −3
__
10
2 a= ​​ 2 ​​
√
9
8 5
3 ​x = ​  __ ​​
3
7
_
6 ​ 2 ​
√
4 ​1 ± ​  ___ ​​
5 2
4 5 (−2, 1); (4, 13)
3
6 a, b y
2
1
6
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
4
c (3, 3)
5 a f (x) is a one to_____
one function, 2
f −1 (x) = 1 + √​​ 1 + x ​​  , x > −1
b f −1 (x) > 1 –4 –2 O 2 4 6x
c y
–2
6
c x=1

4
7 a ‘v’ shaped graph, vertex at (−3, 0), y-intercept 3
b x,2
__
8 x = ± ​​√3 ​​
2
x−3 1  ​​
9 a  ​​ _____​
 ​ b ​​ ______
2 2x + 4
_
–2 O 2 4 6 x − 1 ± √​ 13 ​
c  ​​ _________
 ​ ​
2
–2 1 − 2x
10 a f −1 (x) = ______
​​   ​​ , x ≠ 2
x−2
b (1, 1), (−1, −1)
d (0, 2)
6 b y
6
Chapter 2
4
Exercise 2.1
2 1 a x = −3, y = 2; x = 2, y = 12

1 ​​, y = 3; x = 4, y = 16
b x = − ​​ __
–4 –2 O 2 4 6x 3
–2 c x = 2, y = 3; x = 3, y = 2
5
–4 ​​  1 ​​, y = − ​​ __ ​​; x = 2, y = −1
d x = __
2 2

c ​​(0, __
​  1 ​)​​, ​​(__
​  1 ​  , 0)​​
e x = ±2, y = ±1; x = ±1, y = ±2
3 3
f 1 ​​; x = __
x = −6, y = − ​​ __ ​​  1 ​​, y = 4
3 2
1 ​​, y = 2
g x = −4, y = 11; x = ​​ __
2

203
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

__ __
__ __
5​√ 2 ​ 5​√ 2 ​
h x = ​​ ____  ​​, y = −​​√ 2 ​​; x = − ​​ ____  ​​, y = √​​ 2 ​​; 9 a f (x) = 2(x − 3)2 + 5
2 2
b minimum value = 5 when x = 3
x = 1, y = −5; x = −1, y = 5
c f (x) > 5
2 a xy = 48, x + y = 16
d x>3
b 12 cm by 4 cm
10 a = −20, b = 5, c = −6
3 The long part is 20 m and the shorter parts are 15 m each,
or the long part is 30 m and the shorter parts are 10 m each 11 f (x) = 2 (x + 2)2 − 3, a = 2, p = 2, q = −3

4 17 and 5 12 a f (x) = (x + 3)2 − 10

___
5 (3, 3) and (1, −1) b x = −3 ± √​​ 10 ​​
__
6 (−1, 4), (5, 10); 6​​√ 2 ​​ 13 m = −0.75

a 5​​​(x − ___
​   ​)​​​  ​​ + ____
2
7 a = −1, b = −4, B = (−1, 0) 3 131
14 ​​   ​​
10 20
8 a A (−5, 0), B (3, 4)
b ​​(___
​   ​  , ​ ____ ​)​​ minimum
__
b 4​​√5 ​​ 3 131
10 20
c y = −2x
131
c ​​ ____ ​​ < f (x) < 117
20
Exercise 2.2 d No, it is not a one-one function.
1 a (x + 3)2 − 10 b (x − 1)2 − 2

Exercise 2.3
( ​   ​)​​​  ​​ − __ ​​​(x − __
​  1 ​)​​​  ​​ − __
2 2
3 5 5
c ​​​ x − __ ​​   ​​ d ​​   ​​
2 4 2 2
1 a y = |x2 − x − 12|

a ​​​(2x + __
​   ​)​​​  ​​ − __
2
3 5
2 ​​   ​​ b 2(x + 2)2 − 3
2 2 y

( 4)
2
17
c 3(x − 1) − 2 2
d ​  1 ​ ​​​  ​​ − ___
2​​​ x − __ ​​   ​​
8
15
3 a 25 − (x − 5)2 b 36 − (x − 6)2
10
c ​​ ___ ​​ − ( ​   ​)​​​  ​​ d ​​ ___ ​​ − ( ​   ​)​​​  ​​
2 2
25 5 49 7
​​​ x − __ ​​​ x − __
4 2 4 2
5
4 a 9 − (x + 2) 2
b 17 − (x + 3) 2

–10 –5 O 5 10 x

( 2) ( 2)
2 2
73 5 45 3
c ​​ ___ ​​ − ​​​ x + __
​   ​ ​​​  ​​ d ​​ ___ ​​ − ​​​ x + __
​   ​ ​​​  ​​
4 4 –5

5 a 12 − 3 (x + 1)2 b 5 − 2 (x + 1)2 b y = |x2 + 3x − 4|

y
d ​​ ___ ​​ − 15​​​(x + __
​ 1 ​)​​​  ​​
2
53
c 20 − 2 (x + 2)2
12 6
15
6 a (x − 4)2 + 2 b x=4
c (4, 2) 10
7 a −2 (x + 3)2 + 25
5
b ∩ shaped curve, vertex = (−3, 25)
c x = −3
–5 O 5 x
d 25
8 a (x − 3)2 + 2, p = 3, q = 2 –5

b (3, 2)
c minimum
d No
e ∪ shaped curve, vertex = (3, 2)

204
 Answers

c y = |2x2 − 5x − 3| 3 a f (x) = 3 (x − 1)2 − 2

y b y

4
15
3
10
2
5
1
–10 –5 O 5 10 x

–5 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 x

–1
d y = |x2 − 2x| __ __

y 4 (1, 3), (1 + √​​ 6 ​​, 3 + 2​​√ 6 ​​   )

8 5 a (2, 1) b k = 0, k . 1
6 a (4, 4) b k=4
6 ___ __
7 a ±​​√ 14 ​​ b ±​​√ 3 ​​
__ __
4 c −1, 2 d −3, −1, −2 − ​​√ 7 ​​, −2 + √​​ 7 ​​
___
___ ___
​ 14 ​
√
2 e 1 ± ____
​​   ​​   f 1 − √​​ 10 ​​, 1 + √​​ 10 ​​
2

8 a y = |x2 − 12|
–4 –2 O 2 4 6x
y
–2

2 a f (x) = 8 − (x + 2)2 15

b y
10
8

5
6

4 –10 –5 O 5 10 x

2 –5
b x , 3 or x . 4
__ __

–6 –4 –2 O 2 4x 9 a x = 5, y = 11; x = √​​ 3 ​​, y = 1 + 2​​√ 3 ​​

b x = −2, y = 5; x = 0, y = 3; x = 3, y = 0
–2
c x = −7, y = 9; x = −5, y = 7; x = 2, y = 0

c y
8 Exercise 2.4
1 a x , −6 or x . 3
6
b −6 , x , 0
4 c ​​  1 ​​
x < −4 or x > __
3
1 ​​ or x > __ 3
2 d x < −  ​​ __ ​​   ​​
2 2
3
x e 0 < x < ​​ __ ​​
–6 –4 –2 O 2 4 4
___ ___
–2 f x < 7 − ​​√ 46 ​​ or x > 7 + √​​ 46 ​​

205
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

3 1 ​​ or x > 4
a −  ​​ __ ​​ , x , 2 x < −  ​​ __
2
2
b
2 Exercise 2.6
__ __
c 4 ​​
−3 , x , ​​ __ d x , −6 or x . 1 2 a (2 − √​​ 2 ​​, 0), (2 + √​​ 2 ​​, 0)
3
b k = −7
1 ​​ < x < __ 3
e ​​ __ ​​   ​​ f 2<x<7 3 k = −4, k = 0
2 2
___ ___ 4 c = ±4
3 a −3 −​​√ 10 ​​ , x , −3 + √​​ 10 ​​ __ __
5 k , 2 − 2​​√ 2 ​​ or k . 2 + 2​​√ 2 ​​
b ​​(__
​   ​ , −  ​ __ ​)​​, (
​​ −  ​ __ ​  , ​ __ ​)​​
__
1 ​​   (1 + ​​√__ 3 5 3 5
​​  1 ​​   (1 − ​​√ 5 ​​   ) or x > ​​ __
b x < __ 5 ​​   ) 6 a k = ±4
2 2 2 2
2 2
7 k . −5
1 ​​   (1 − ​​√___
c ​​ __ 1 ​​   (1 + ​​√___
13 ​​   ) , x , ​​ __ 13 ​​   ) 8 −11 , x , 1
2 2
__
1 ​​   (3 − ​​√5 ​​   ) , x , ​​ __ __
1 ​​   (3 + ​​√5 ​​   ) 9 m = −5 or m = −1
d ​​ __
2 2

4 a −3 < x < −1 b x < −3 or x > 5 Exercise 2.7

c 2.5 , x , 3 d −3 , x , 4 5 3
1 a −  ​​ __ ​​ , x , __
​​   ​​ b x , −1 or x . 4
3 2
5 a −2 , x , −1 or 2 , x , 3
b x < 0 or x > 6 2 −13 < x < −2
___ ___
c 3 − ​​√ 17 ​​ , x , 2 or 4 , x , 3 + √​​ 17 ​​ 3 a f (x) = 2 (x + 2)2 −6
A = 2, B = 2, C = −6
6 a p = 4, q = 5
b −6
b minimum value = 5 when x = −4 __
1 ​​ c −2 ± √​​ 3 ​​
c ​​ __
5 4 a 2 b f (x) > −4
_____
c f  −1 (x) = 2 + √​​ x + 4 ​​
Exercise 2.5 5 A (2, 21), B (7, 16)
1 a no roots
5
6 k , −1 or k . __
​​   ​​
b two distinct roots 4
c two equal roots
7 a 18 − (x − 3)2 b 18
d no roots __ __
c (3 − 3​​√ 2 ​​, 0), (3 + 3​​√ 2 ​​, 0)
e two distinct roots
d y
f two distinct roots 20 3, 18
g two equal roots
h no roots
10
i two equal roots
9 9
2 a −6 , k , 6 b k . ___
​​   ​​
20 x
25 –10 O 10 x
c k . ​​ ___ ​​
28 3–3 2 3+3 2
9 1 ​​
3 a k < ​​ __ ​​ b k > −  ​​ __ –10
4 7
__ __
c k < −4​​√ 3 ​​ or k > 4​​√ 3 ​​
8 x , −3 or x . 2
4 k = ±24

a 4​​​(x + __
​   ​)​​​  ​​ + ___
2
5 b2 = 4a 3 19 3 19
9 ​​   ​​; a = 4, b = __
​​   ​​, c = ___
​​   ​​
4 4 4 4
6 1 ​​
k = ​​ __
3 3 19
b x = −  ​​ __ ​​, x = ___
​​   ​​
4 4
7 k = 0, k = 3
c −2.5 , x , 1
8 a = −2, roots are 0, 2; a = 6, roots are −4, −2

206
 Answers

___ ___
10 x , 1 − √​​ 13 ​​ or x . 1 + √​​ 13 ​​ 2 a x3 + x2 + 4x +1 b 2x2 + 5x + 7
11 p = −7, q = −2 c x3 − x2 − 4x + 4
12 a k < 4, k > 12 3 a x2 − 2x + 4 b 4x2 + 8x + 3
b k=4
c x = 0.5 Exercise 3.3
13 a f (x) = (x − 1)2 − 2 2 a a = −20 b a = 16 c a = 29
b −2 < f (x) < 14 3 b = −20 − 5a
c f (x) is not a one-to-one function 4 a a = 3, b = −27 b a = −20, b = 18
14 a f   (x) = 22 − (x − 4)2, a = 22, b = 4, (4, 22) 5 a = 5, b = −9
b y
6 p = −20, q = 3

20 Exercise 3.4
6 1 a (x + 1) (x + 5) (x − 3)
x
x b (2x − 1) (x + 1) (x + 3)
–20 O 20
4 – 22 4 + 22 c (x2 + 1) (3x − 1)

–20 d (5x − 1) (x + 1) (x + 2)
e (x − 1) (3x − 1) (x + 2)
2 a x = −4, x = 1, x = 2
–40
b x=2
c x = −2, x = −1, x = 3

Chapter 3 d x = −1, x = 2
e x = −0.2, x = 1, x = 6
Exercise 3.1 3
___
a x = −2, x = −3 −​​√ 10 ​​, x = −3 + √​​ 10 ​​
___

___
1 a x3 + x2 − x − 1 1 ​​   (7 − ​​√___
​​  1 ​​   (7 + ​​√ 13 ​​   ), x = ​​ __
b x = 3, x = __ 13 ​​   )
b x3 − 6x2 + 11x − 6 2 2
___ ___
c 1 ​​   (−3 − ​​√ 29 ​​   ), x = ​​ __
x = 1, x = ​​ __ 1 ​​   (−3 + ​​√ 29 ​​   )
c x3 + 8x2 + 21x + 18
2 2
d 4x4 + 8x3 − 4x + 1
4 (x + 2) (x2 + x + 1)
e 3x4 − 10x3 + 3x2 +12x − 4
5 (x − 1) (x + 1)2
f 8x3 − 36x2 + 54x − 27
6 a = 2, b = 0, c = 3
2 a 4x3 − 2x2 + 3x − 6
7 x = −1, x = 2
b 5x3 − 4x2 − 3x + 9
c 3x6 − 2x5 + 9x4 − 26x3 + 14x2 + 3x − 7
3 a 4x2 + 6x + 4
Exercise 3.5
91
b 6x3 + 6x2 + 4x − 5 1 a 0 b 55 c −  ​​ ___ ​​
8
c −6x5 + 7x3 − 5x2 − x − 7
2 a 5 b −4 c 6
3 4
Exercise 3.2 4 8
1 a x2 − x + 2 b x2 + x − 2 5 −5
c x2 + 6x + 2 d 6x2 + 13x − 2 6 a a = −8, b = 12 b (x + 3) (x − 2)2
e 4x2 + 8x + 3 f x2 + x + 1
g 6x2 + 5x + 1 h 4x2 − 4x + 1
i 3x + 10x +3
2
j 2x2 + x − 1

207
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

Exercise 3.6 6 0.5, 2.5

2
__
7 a 4, 8 b 2, ​​2​​  ​ 3 ​​​
1 a a = 3, b = −4 b x = 2, x = −2, x = −3
8 1 ​​   , 3
−5, −  ​​ __
2 a 0 b a = −1, b = −4 2
3 a b = 2a + 32
b a = −13, b = 6 Exercise 4.2
c (2x − 1) (x + 3) (x − 2) 1 −0.5 , x , 0.75.
4 a k = −3, r = −12 b (x − 5) (x + 2x +3)
2
2 a y
5 a 10 b 50 5
__ __
c x = −3, x = −2 + √​​ 6 ​​, x = −2 − √​​ 6 ​​
6 a 0, −21, (x − 1) 4

b a = −1, b = −2, c = −1
__ __ (0,3) y =|3 – 2 x|
c x = 1, x = 1 + √​​ 2 ​​, x = 1 − √​​ 2 ​​ 3
y =|x – 3|
7 8x2 − 32x + 64, −80
2
8 5x2 − 4x + 2, −13
9 a −6 (2,1)
1
10 a a = 3, b = −2, c = 60 b x , −5, 3 , x , 4

–1 O 1 2 3 4 x

Chapter 4 b x > 2, x < 0

Exercise 4.1 3 2 ​​  , x . 2

a x , −  ​​ __ b −1 < x < 5
3
2  ​​ 10
1 a 4, ​​  __ b −2, −8 c ​ 4, ​  ___ ​​
− 7 13
3 7 c  ​​ __ ​​ , x , ​  ___ ​ d x , −5, x . 1
2 2
1 ​​ 3
d −2, ​​ __ e −1, 1 f −  ​​ __ ​​   , 0 13
2 2 x , − ​  ___ ​, x . ​  11
e ​ ___ ​​ f 1<x<3
5 5
8 2  ​​ 8
g −  ​​ __ ​​   , 4 h ​ ​__ i −4, ​​ __ ​​ 4 ​​ < x < 6
5 3 7 4 a ​​ __ b x . −2
3

2 4 ​​   , y = ​​ __
x = 1, y = 1; x = ​​ __ 1 ​​ c ​​  1 ​​
x > __
3 3 2

5 1 ​​ < x < 1

a ​​ __ b x . −1
3 2 ​​   , −  ​​ __
−  ​​ __ 1 ​​
5
3 3
3 1 ​​ 5
c x , ​​ __ ​​  , x . ​​ __ d −  ​​ __ ​​ , x , −1
4 a y 2 2 3
y = |x + 2| – 3
4 5 2 ​​ , x , 4
e 1 < x < ​​ __ ​​ f −  ​​ __
3 3
2
1 ​​ , x , 7 7
6 a ​​ __ b −3 < x < −  ​​ __ ​​
3 3
–6 –4 –2 O 2 4 6 x 3 1 ​​
c x < −4, x > −  ​​ __ ​​ d x < ​​ __
–2 2 2
e −6 , x , 3
–4
f 12 ​​, x > 36
x < −  ​​ ___
y = 2 – |x – 1| 5
–6
3 1 ​​
7 a −  ​​ __ ​​ , x , 3 b x , −13, x . ​​ __
b (2, 1), (−3, −2) 2 3
__ __
5 2 ± ​​√7 ​​, ±​​√5 ​​ c x < −32, x > 4
8 a = 10

208
 Answers

9 no solutions exist
c y
8
10 0 < x < __
​​   ​​ 15
5

Exercise 4.3 10

1 A (−2, 0), B (4, 0), C (5, 0), D (0, 40) 5

2 a shaped curve, axis intercepts (−2, 0), (1, 0), (4, 0), (0,
8)
–2 –1 O 1 2 3 x
b shaped curve, axis intercepts (−3, 0), (−2, 0), (4, 0),
(0, 24)
d y
c shaped curve, axis intercepts (−3, 0), 4

​​(__
​   ​  , 0)​​, (3, 0), (0, 27)
3
2
2
d shaped curve, axis intercepts (−2, 0),
( ​  1 ​  , 0)​​, (2, 0), (0, −4)
​​ __
2 –0.5 O 0.5 x
–1

(2 )
3 1  ​ , 0 ​, B (0, 18)
A​​ ​  __
6 a x (2 − x) (x + 2)
4 a shaped curve, axis intercepts (2, 0) and (0, 0) where shaped curve, axis intercepts (−2, 0), (0, 0), (2, 0)
(2, 0) is a minimum point b (1 − x) (x − 2) (x + 2)
b shaped curve, axis intercepts (2, 0) and (0, 0) where shaped curve, axis intercepts (−2, 0), (2, 0), (1, 0),
(0, 0) is a minimum point (0, −4)
c shaped curve, axis intercepts (−3, 0), (−1, 0), (0, 9) c (2x + 1) (x + 1) (x − 2)
where (−3, 0) is a maximum point
shaped curve, axis intercepts (−1, 0),

( 2 )
d shaped curve, axis intercepts (1, 0), (0, 1) where (1,0) 1 ​  , 0 ​​, (2, 0), (0, −2)
​​ − ​ __
is a minimum point
5 a y d 3x (x − 2)2
10 shaped curve, axis intercepts (0, 0), (2, 0)
7 a y

5
5

–2 –1 O 1 2x

–2 –1 O 1 2 3 x b (−1, 0), (1, 0)

y 8 a y
b
20

10 –1 O 1 2 x

b (−1, 0), (2, 0), (0, 2) (−2, 4)

9 a = 1, b = 2 and k = −2
–2 O 1
1 2 x
2

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 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

4 1  ​​
a x = ​​  __ b x = 4, x = 9
10 a y = | –(x + 2)( x – 1) 2| y 4
15
c x = 1, x = 25 d x = 9, x = 25
e x = 25, x = 49 f x=9
10
g x = 1, x = 9 h x = 36 <tbc>
5 y = |(– x – 2)| i x = 4, x = 6.25
5 x = 81
__
x 10
–3 –2 –1 O 1 2 6 7 − ​√ x ​ = ​  _____  ​​
a ​ b (4, 5) and (25, 2)
​ x ​
√

b (−2, 0), (0, 2), (2, 4) 7 a x = 2, x = 3 b x=2

c x = 1, x = 3 d 1 ​​  , x = ​​ __
x = −  ​​ __ 1 ​​
Exercise 4.4 2 2

1 a x < −2, 0 < x < 1 e x = −2, x = 0 f x = −1, x = 2

b −1.8 < x < −0.4, x > 1.2 8 1  ​​

x = 1, x = ​​  __
8
c x < −2.3
9 b Length 8.47 cm, Width 5.31 cm.
2 a x<3
10 x = −4, x = −3, x = 1, x = 2
b 0.5 < x < 1.6, x > 2.9
c x > 3.2
3 a x , −1, 0 , x , 1
Exercise 4.6
b x < −0.9, −0.2 < x < 1.1 1 2  ​​, x = __
x = −​​  __ ​​  4 ​​
3 5
c x . −1.3
7
2 −  ​​ __ ​​ , x , 3
3
Exercise 4.5 3 2,x,3
__ __
1 a x= ±​​√ 5 ​​, x= ±​​√ 6 ​​ 1 ​​ , x , 1
__ 4 ​​ __
b x =±​​√ 2 ​​, x = ±2 5
3 2 ​​
x < 0, x > ​​ __
c x = ±  ​​ __ ​​  , x = ±2 5
2 5
__
​√ 6 ​ 6 12 ​​ , x . 24
x , −  ​​ ___
d x = ±  ​​ ___ ​​ 5
6
_
√
​ 6 ​ 7 a y
e x = ​± ​  ___ ​​
3
_ _ 20
√
​ 6 ​ ​ 3 ​
√
f x = ​± ​  ___ ​​, x = ±
​ ​  ___ ​​
2 3 y = |f ( x)|
g x = ±2, x = ±3
h x = −8, x = 27 10
__
i x = ±  ​​√ 3 ​​
2 a x = ±2, x = ±1.41
b x = ±1.73
–4 –2 O 2 4 6 x
c x = ±0.707, x = ±2
d x = 1, x = 2
e x = 1.59, x = −1.26 –10
f x = ±1, x = ±2
3 x = −3, x = 2

210
 Answers

b y b y = |( x – 1)( x + 3)( x + 2)|

y

–4 –2 O 2 4 x 6

y = – |f ( x)|
–10 4

2
–20

8 2  ​ k , x , 4k​
​− ​  __ –4 –2 O 2 x
3

9 y
10 11 a x (x − 2) (x + 1)
b y

5
2

y = ( x – 1)( 2 – x)
O 2 4 x
–2 O 2 4 x
y = –x ( 3 – x) 2

–10 y = x – x 2 – 2x
–2

10 a y
12 a y
y = ( x – 1)( x + 3)( x + 2)
6
2

2 x
–2 O 2

–6 –4 –2 O 2 4 x
–2
–2

–4

b 4

211
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

7 a 2 log p + log q b log p − log q − log r

Chapter 5 c  ​​ __ 1  ​​log r
1  ​​ log q − ​​  __ d −2 − 2 log p
2 2
Exercise 5.1 e n log p + m log q

1 a x = lg 10 000 b x = lg 80
c x = lg 0.002 Exercise 5.4
1 a x=3 b x = −1 c 1  ​​
x = ​​  ___
2 a x = 1.34 b x = 2.34
35
c x = −0.658
d x = 15 e x = 56 f x=6
3 a 103 = 1000 b ​​  1  ​​
10−2 = ____
100 g x = 0.3 h x=5 i x=4
c x = 10 6
d x = 10 −0.5 j x=3 k x = 500 l x = 14
4 a x = 1260 b x = 0.794
10 1  ​​
2 a x = ​​  ___ ​​, y = ​​  __ b x = 1000, y = 100
c x = 1.33 3 3
5 a −1 b 0.2 c 3.5 c 1  ​​, y = ​​  __
x = 8, y = 2; x = ​​  __ 1  ​​ d 1  ​​, y = 1
x = ​​  __
2 2 2
d 1.25 e 2.5 f −1.2

Exercise 5.5
Exercise 5.2
1  ​ = −2​ 1 a x = 0.646 b x = 0.792
1 a log4 16 = 2 b log4 ​​  ___
16 c x = 2.77 d x = 1.87
c loga b = 3 d logy 6 = x e x = −0.774 f x = 1.22
2 a 33 = 27 b 43 = 64 2 a x = 0.408 b x = 1.22
1
__
​​  4​​ c x = −0.576 d x = −0.0792
c 250.5 = 5 d 16   = 2
__ e x = −3.54 f x = 0.877
3 a x = 64 b x = 25 c x = ​​√ 5 ​​
3 a x = 1.58 b x = 0, x = 2
d x=5 e x = 15.5 f x = −3.5
c x = 1, x = 3 d x = 0.5, x = 0.792
4 a 0.5 b 0.5 c −3
1  ​​ 1  ​​ e x = −1, x = 2.32 f x = 2.32
d 4.5 e ​​  __ f ​​  __
3 2

Exercise 5.6
Exercise 5.3
1 a 1.09 b 1.16 c 1.43
1 a lg 15 b log 45 c log4 3 1  ​​
3 x = 9 or x = ​​  __
d 2 e log7 20 f −1 9
4 a x = 16 b x = 1.71
g 2 h 2 i lg 4
5 x = 5, y = 40
3
j −  ​​ __ ​​ k 1 l log3 5
2

2 a 3 b 2 c 2  ​​
​ ​__ Exercise 5.7
3
d −1 e 1  ​​
​− ​  __ 1 a 20.1 b 12.2
4
c 1.35 d 0.0183
3 a loga 10 b loga 3 c loga 2
2 a 1.61 b 1.13
4 a 0.4 b 0.6 c 1.4
c −0.288 d 0.329
d 1.5 e −0.3
3 a 2 b 3 c 2  ​​
​ ​__
1  ​​log r 5
5 log p + 2 log q + ​​  __
2 d 5 e −1
​p​​ ​​q​​ ​
3 n
4 a x=5 b x = 12
6 ​log ​  _____  ​​
​r​​ 4​ c x=2 d x = 0.25

212
 Answers

5 a x = 3.53 b x = 1.84 2a asymptote: x = −2, y-intercept: (0, ln 4),

x-intercept: ​​(−  ​ __ ​  , 0)​​
3
c x = 2.04 d x = 1.47
2
6 a x = ln 5 b x = ln 8 b asymptote: x = −2, y-intercept: (0, −ln 4),
x-intercept: (
​​ −  ​ __ ​  , 0)​​
3
c ​​  1 ​​(ln 24 + 3)
x = __
2 2
7 a x = 54.6 b x = 0.00248 c asymptote: x = −2, y-intercept: (0, 2 ln 4),
x-intercept: (
​​ −  ​ __ ​  , 0)​​
3
c x = 2980 d x = 6.19
2
8 a x = −3.64 b x = 207 d asymptote: x = −2, y-intercept: (0, −2 ln 4),
x-intercept: (
​​ −  ​ __ ​  , 0)​​
c x = 2.39 d x = 1.48 3

2
9 ​​  1 ​​ (1 + e4)
a x = __ b 1 ​​ (1 − ln 5)
x = ​​ __
2 2

c x = 2 ln 2, x = ln 3 − ln 2 (
​​ or x = ln ​ __ ​)​
3 Exercise 5.11
2
1 a f  −1 (x) = ln (x − 3), x . 3
10 a x = 0.301 b x = −2.64, x = 4.25
b f  −1 (x) = ln ​​(_____
3 )
x+1
11 a x = 0.333, y = 5.29 b x = 2.30, y = 1.30 ​   ​ ​​, x . −1

2 ( 4 )
x−1
1  ​​  ln ​​ _____
Exercise 5.8 c f  −1 (x) = ​​  __ ​   ​​​, x . 1

1
2 ( 5 )
137 rabbits x−4
1  ​​  ln ​​ _____
d f  −1 (x) = −​​  __ ​   ​​​, x . 4
2 16 days

e f  −1 (x) = −ln ​​(_____

3 )
3 a 4g b k = 0.0579 2−x
​   ​ ​​, x , 2
c 18 days

2 ( 3 )
4 a $15 000 b $1360 6−x
1  ​​  ln ​​ _____
f f  −1 (x) = −​​  __ ​   ​​​, x , 6
c 14 months __ x
​​  2​​
2 a f  −1 (x) = ex − 2 b f  −1 (x) = e   − 3

( )
x −x
Exercise 5.9
__ ___
​​  2​​ ​​  ​​
c ​​  1 ​​   (e   − 3)
f  −1 (x) = __ d ​​  1 ​​     1 + e   4   
f  −1 (x) = __
2 3
1 a Graph 6 b Graph 3 c Graph 2
3 a f (x) . 1 b 1  ​​  ln (x − 1), x . 1
f  −1 (x) = ​​  __
d Graph 4 e Graph 5 f Graph 1 3
c x.1 d x

Exercise 5.10 e f and f    are reflections of each other in the line y = x
−1

y
1a asymptote: y = −3, y-intercept: (0, −1), 6
x-intercept: (
​​ ln ​ __ ​  , 0)​​
3 y=x

2
4
b asymptote: y = 3, y-intercept: (0, 1), f
x-intercept: ​​(ln ​ __ ​  , 0)​​
3 2

2
c
asymptote: y = −3, y-intercept: (0, −1),
O 6x
x-intercept: ​​(−ln ​ __ ​  , 0)​​
3 –6 –4 –2 2 4

2 –2
d asymptote: y = 3, y-intercept: (0, 1), f –1

x-intercept: ​​(−ln ​ __ ​  , 0)​​

3 –4

2
e asymptote: y = 3, y-intercept: (0, 5) –6

f asymptote: y = −3, y-intercept: (0, −5) 4 a i x6 ii 729

g asymptote: y = 3, y-intercept: (0, 5) b x = 1.65
h asymptote: y = −3, y-intercept: (0, −5)

213
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

Exercise 5.12 Exercise 6.3

1 a x=4 b x = 5, x = 125 1 a y = 2x − 7 b y = −2x + 9
7 3 2 a y = 4x + 4 b y + 12x = 43
2 a x = ​​  __ ​​, y = ​​  __ ​​ b x = 4, y = 2; x = 9, y = 3
2 2
c y=9
3 x = −1.89
3 a y = 3x − 9 b y + 2x = 7
4 a (x − 1)(x − 3)(x − 9)
c 3y = 4x + 33
b x = 0, x = 1, x = 2
4 y=x+3
5 a (4x − 1)(x − 2)(x − 5)
1  ​​, x = 1.16 5 a y + 2x = 12 b 2y + x + 3 = 0
b x = −1, x = ​​  __
2 c y + 7x + 2 = 0
6 c x = 1.58 b−a
6 a ​​ _____
a − p ​​ b b = 7a − 3, q = 7p − 3 c 7
7 x = 18.7
7 (2, −2)
8 a = 20.6, n = 2.49
8 a 3x + 2y = 2, 4x + y + 1 = 0
9 a 60 °C b 27.0 °C c 9 minutes
b ​​(−  ​ __
5 5)
4 ​  , ​ ___
11 ​ ​​
10 a i 16x2 ii 2x + ln 4
b x = 16
Exercise 6.4

Chapter 6
1 a 14 units2 b 66 units2
2 a 61.5 units2 b 33 units2

Exercise 6.1 3 k=5

4 a 8y = x + 15, 2y + x + 5 = 0
1 a 5 units b 13 units
b (−7, 1)
c 10 units d 17 units
__ d 30 units2
e 20 units f 4​​√ 2 ​​ units ___
___ 6​√65 ​
g ​​√ 29 ​​ units h 10 units e ​​ _____
 ​​   units
13
4 15 units2
5 5 units2
5 a = −3, a =7
6 a y = 3x + 22
6 y = 1, y = −8
b i Q (0, 2), R (−7, 1)
7 D (9, −1)
iii 10 units2
8 (3p, 3q)
7 a P (7, 0)
b y + 2x + 6 = 0
Exercise 6.2 c R (−3, 0)
1 a 2 b 3 c 0.5 e 20 units2
d 0.75 e −0.25 4 ​​
f ​​ __
7
p−3 Exercise 6.5
2 ​​ _____ ​​
q−1 1 a y = ax3 + b, Y = y, X = x3, m = a, c = b
1 ​​ 3 1 ​​ b yx2 = ax3 + b, Y = x2y, X = x3, m = a, c = b
3 a −  ​​ __ b ​​ __ ​​ c −3  ​​ __
4 2 2 __ __
c y = a + b​​√x ​​, Y = y, X = √​​ x ​​, m = b, c = a
4  ​​
d −  ​​ ___ 2 ​​
e ​​ __
11 7 a __ 1
d y = ​​ __
x ​​ + b, Y = y, X = ​​  x ​​, m = a, c = b
6 d Rectangle
__
x x
8 a A, B, D b −5​​√ 2 ​​ e ​​ __ __
y ​​ = a + by, Y = ​​  y ​​  , X = y, m = b, c = a
9 P, R, S
f ​​  y1 ​​ = (a + b) x − ab, Y = x2 − __
x2 − __ ​​  y1 ​​,
X = x, m = a + b, c = −ab

214
 Answers

2x
g y2 = ax − b, Y = y2, X = x, m = a, c = −b 3 b y = _____
​​   ​​
x−2
by y
h y = a + ___
​​  x ​​ , Y = y, X = ​​ __
x ​​  , m = b, c = a c
10
y = ​​ ___ ​​
3
2 a lg y = a lg (x) − lg (b), Y = lg y, X = lg (x), m = a, c = −lg (b) 4 p = 2, q = 34
b x = a ln (y) − k, Y = x, X = ln (y), m = a, 5 a = 27, b = 1.6
c = −k
6 b p = 0.02d  4
c lg y = (n + 2) lg x + lg a, Y = lg y, X = lg x, m = n + 2, c =
7 b k = 95.5, a = 0.93
lg a
ey ey
d x = a    ​​ __ __
x ​​ + b, Y = x, X =   ​​  x ​​ , m = a, c = b
e ln y = b ln x + a, Y = ln y, X = ln x, m = b, c = a
Exercise 6.8
f y = x ln b + ln a, Y = y, X = x, m = ln b, 2 a = 1 or a = 11
c = ln a 3 a = 3 or a = 11
4 3x − 10y = 3
Exercise 6.6 6 a 3x + 2y = 5 b (3, −2)

1 a y = 3x b y = 4x + 12
2 ​​
7 a ​​ __
3 __ 3 3
​​  1 ​​  ​​√x ​​ + 1
c y = __ d y = −  ​​ __ ​​ + 10
2 x 1 ​​ units, OQ = 7  ​​ __
1 ​​ units
b OP = 5  ​​ __
3 2 3
e y = −3(2 ) + 7 x
f y = −  ​​ __ ​​  ln x + 4
4 1 ​​ units2
c 20  ​​ __
1  ​​ 1 ​​ 6
2 a i y = ​​ ______ ii y = ​​ __
2x − 3 5
8 a = 1, 3
b i y = x (x + 3) ii y = 28
__ 9 1 ​​ = −  ​​ __
a ​​ __ 1 ​​ + __
​​  1 ​​ , Y = ​​ __
1 ​​ , X = ​​ __
1 ​​ , m = −1, c = ​​ __
1 ​​
−5​√ x ​ + 18 y x a y x a
c i y = ​​ __________
 ​​ ii y=2
x
b x = a ln y − k, Y = x, X = ln y, m = a, c = −k
d i y = (9 − x)2 ii y = 25
​​  1​
__ ​  1​
​− __
​​  5​
__ 10 a y = 3x   2 − x   2 b y = 5.5
2
3 y = −3x + 22x2
​​  1​
__
2 11 ​​  4 ​​ − 5x
a y = __
4 a y = (−2(3x) + 15)   b x=1 x
__ __
5 a ey = 2​​√ x ​​ − 4 b y = ln (2​​√ x ​​ − 4) 2 ​​, y = __ 8 8
2 ​​, y = −  ​​ __
b x = ​​ __ ​​   ​​; x = −  ​​ __  ​​
3 3 3 3
6 a lg y = 3x − 14 b y = 10 −14
× 10 3x

7 a y = 101.5 + x1.5 b x=4 12 a ln y = 2ex − 2 b ln y = 6

8 a ln y = 3 ln x − 2 b y=e x −2 3 c x = ln 5
13 b a = 950, k = −0.30
___
Exercise 6.7 14 a b = 0.25, c = 9 b
​ 95 ​
√
y = ​​ ____ ​​
4
1 a x 1 2 3 4 5

Chapter 7
x2 1 4 9 16 25

c y = 0.5x2 + 12
d x = √​​ 6 ​​
__
Exercise 7.1
2 a x 1 2 3 4 5 1 a centre (0, 0), radius 6
y
__
​​   ​​ 74 63 54 43 35 b centre (0, 0), radius 10
x __
c centre (0, 0), radius 2​​√ 7 ​​
c y = −10x2 + 84x d centre (0, 0), radius 3
__
d x = 1.5 e centre (0, 1), radius ​​√ 3 ​​

215
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

__
25π 7π
f centre (2, 0), radius ​​√ 7 ​​ d ​​ ____ ​​ e ​​ ___ ​​ f 3π
18 4
2 a x2 + y2 = 25
25π π
g 5π h ​​ ____
 ​​ i ​​ ___ ​​
b (x − 3)2 + (  y + 2)2 = 2 6 36
35π
c (x − 1)2 + (  y + 5)2 = 45 j ​​ ____ ​​
18
d ​​​(x + __
​ 1 ​)​​​  ​​ + ( ​ 4 ​)​​​  ​​ = ___
2 2
49
​​​ y + __ ​​   ​​ 2 a 270° b 150° c 105°
3 3 9
or (3x + 1)2 + (3y + 4)2 = 49 d 40° e 300° f 108°

3 b centre (1, 2), radius 2 g 162° h 84° i 81°

j 216°
centre ​​(2, __
​   ​  )​​, radius 0.75
5
c
4 3 a 0.471 rad b 0.838 rad c 1.54 rad
__

d centre (
4 4)
1 ​ , −  ​ __ ​ 2 ​
√
1 ​ ​​, radius ​​ ___ d 1.97 rad e 4.63 rad
​​ −  ​ __  ​​
4 4 a 85.9° b 126.1° c 60.7°
4 (x − 1) + (  y − 2) = 58
2 2 d 110.6° e 39.0°
5 x + y − 10x − 6y + 24 = 0
2 2 5 a 0.932 b 0.697 c 2.57
6 x + y − 4x + 6y + 4 = 0
2 2 d 0.866 e 0.809 f −1
7 (−2, 3), radius 1
9 x2 + y2 + 6x − 4y − 12 = 0 Exercise 8.2
10 x + y + 8x − 10y + 16 = 0
2 2
10π
1 a 4π cm b ​​ ____
 ​​ cm
x2 + y2 − 8x − 10y + 16 = 0 9
15π 15π
c ​​ ____
 ​​  cm d ​​ ____
 ​​ cm
2 2
Exercise 7.2
2 a 12 cm b 1.5 cm
1 a (6, −5), (3, −2)
3 a 1.6 rad b 1.33 rad
b (−2, −4), (0.4, −2.8)
__ 4 a 10.5 cm b 28.8 cm c 20.8 cm
2 3​​√2 ​​
5 4 cm
3 b 3x + y = 8
6 a 7.81 cm b 1.75 rad c 29.3 cm
4 5
7 34.0 cm
5 5
7 Two points
9 (1, 2)
Exercise 8.3
___
10 ​​√10 ​​ 9π 135π 2
1 a ​​ ___ ​​  cm2 b ​​ _____
 ​​  cm
2 4
11 a y=x+3 b 3.54 (3 sf   )
175π 2 135π 2
c No, since 3.54 . 3 c ​​ _____
 ​​  cm d ​​ _____
 ​​  cm
3 2
12 (−1, −1) and (3, 3)
2 a 16.3 cm b 9.22 cm
a P (23, 0), Q ​​(0, ___
​   ​)​​
23
13 b 115 units2
3 3 a 1.56 rad b 2 rad
__ __ __
14 a ±5​​√ 5 ​​ − 2 b −5​​√ 5 ​​ − 2 , k , 5​​√ 5 ​​ − 2 4 a 0.75 rad b 54 cm2
__ __
c k , −5 ​​√ 5 ​​ − 2 or k . 5​​√ 5 ​​ − 2 5 60r − r 2
7 a 1.19 rad b 1.55 rad

Chapter 8
c 7.65 cm2
8 a 0.723 rad b 7.78 cm

Exercise 8.1 c 5.78 cm2

__
d 3.63 cm2
9 a 9​​√ 3 ​​  cm 2
b 6π cm2
π π 7π __
1 a ​​ __ ​​ b ​​ __ ​​ c ​​ ___ ​​ c (18π − 27​√ 3 ​  ) cm2
6 3 9

216
 Answers

y
Exercise 8.4 c
240°
1 8 cm
x
2 a 33.7 cm b 114 cm
60°
40π
3 ​​ ____
 ​​  cm
3 y
d
4 4.44 rad
5 24.6 cm
15°
x
6 a 1.25 rad b 2.41 cm2
–165°
7 12.3 cm2

e y

Chapter 9 80°
x
Exercise 9.1 –280°
1_  ​​ 3_ 1  ​​
1 a  ​​ ____ b ​​  ____  ​​ c ​​  ___
√
​ 10 ​ √
​ 10 ​ 10 f y
_
7 + √​ 10 ​ 3π
d 1 e ​ ​ _______
 ​ ​ 8
9
__
x
__

2
 ​√7 ​
a ​​ ___ ​​
3
b √7
 ​ 2 ​ ​​
​ __ c 2  ​​
​​  __
9
_ _ _ _
​√ 7 ​ + ​√ 2 ​ 7 √​ 7 ​ − 2 ​√ 7 ​
​  ________
d ​  ​​ e ​ ​ __________ ​ ​ g y
3 6
7π
_ _
_ 5
2 ​√ 2 ​ 2 √​ 2 ​
3 a  ​​  ____  ​​ b ​2 ​√ 2 ​​ c ​ ​____  ​ ​ x
3 3
_ 2π
3 − 18 √​ 2 ​ 5
d 1 e ​ ​ ________
 ​ ​
8

1  ​​ 1  ​​ _ h y
4 a  ​​ __ b ​ ​__ c ​2 ​√ 3 ​​
2 3
π
_ _ _
​√ 3 ​ + 1 − 1 + √​ 3 ​ − 6 + 4 √​ 3 ​ 4
d  ​​  _______  ​​ e ​ ​ _______
 ​ ​ f ​ ​ _________
 ​ ​ x
2 4 15 –5π
_ 4
_
​√ 6 ​ 3
5 a  ​​  ___ ​​ b ​ ​__ ​​ c ​2 ​√ 3 ​​
4 4
_ i y
− 6 + 2 √​ 3 ​ 2  ​​ 2π
d 0 e ​ ​ _________
 ​ ​ f ​ ​__
3 3 5
x
Exercise 9.2 12π
5
1 a y >
j y
120°
60° x
x
60° 2π –3π
5 5
b y

45°
x
–45°

217
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

2 a second b fourth c third iii

amplitude = 3,
π
(2 )
d third e fourth f second period = π, (0, 3), ​​ __
​   ​  , −3 ​​, (π, 3),
g first h first i first
(​  2 ​ , −3)​​, (2π, 3)
3π
___
​​
j second
iv amplitude = 4,
Exercise 9.3 period = 4π, (π, 4)
v amplitude = 1,
1 a −sin 40 b −cos 20 c tan 10
π
(2 )
period = π, (0, 5), ​​ __
​   ​  , 3 ​​, (π, 5),
d −cos 85 e −tan 40 f sin 72

(​  2 ​ , 3)​​, (2π, 5)

g −tan 60 h −cos 30 i −tan 72 3π
___
​​
j −sin 45
vi
amplitude = 1,
3 4
a  ​​ __ ​​ ​− ​  __ ​​ 2π π π
3 (6 ) (2 )
2 b
4 5 period = ___
​​   ​​ , ​​ __
​   ​  , 0 ​​, ​​ __
​   ​  , −4 ​​,
_
1 √
​ 3 ​
​​(___ ​   ​ , −4)​​, (
​   ​ , 0)​​, ​​(___ ​   ​ , 0)​​,
3 a  ​​ __ ​​ b − ​  ___ ​ 5π 7π 3π
2 3 ​​ ___
6 6 2
5 12
(​  6 ​ , −4)​​
4 a − ​  ___ ​ b − ​  ___ ​ ​​
11π
____
12 5
3 4 3 a = 3, b = 2, c = 1
5 a − ​  __ ​ b − ​  __ ​
5 5 4 a = 3, b = 2, c = 1
_
3 4 1 5 a = 1, b = 2, c = 3
6 a − ​  __ ​ b − ​  __ ​ c − ​  __ ​ d ​√ 3 ​
5 5 2 6 a i period = 60°, x = 30°, x = 90°,
3 4 12 12 x = 150°, x = 210°, x = 270°, x = 330°
7 a  ​​ __ ​​ b ​− ​  __ ​​ c ​− ​  ___  ​​ d ​− ​  ___ ​​
5 3 13 5 ii period = 540°, x = 270°
iii period = 90°, x = 45°, x = 135°,
Exercise 9.4 x = 225°, x = 315°

1 a i amplitude = 3, 7 a i period = 2π, x = π

period = 360°, (90°, 3), (270°, −3) 3π
ii period = 3π, x = ___
​​   ​​
2
ii amplitude = 3,
period = 180°, (0°, 3), (90°, −3), (180°, 3), π π 3π 5π
iii period = ​​ __ ​​  , x = ​​ __ ​​  , x = ​​ ___ ​​ , x = ​​ ___ ​​ ,
(270°, −3), (360°, 3) 2 4 4 4
7π
iii amplitude = 2, x = ​​ ___ ​​
4
period = 120°, (30°, 2), (90°, −2), (150°, 2),
8 A = 3, B = 1, C = 2
(210°, −2), (270°, 2),
(330°, −2) 9 a = 3, b = 4, c = 2
iv amplitude = 4, 10 a A = 4, B = 3 b amplitude = 2
period = 1080°, (0°, 4), (540°, −4), (1080°, 4) 11 A = −1, B = 5, C = 2
v amplitude = 4, 12 b 1
period = 360°, (90°, 6), (270°, −2)
13 b 1
vi amplitude = 5,
14 b 6
period = 180°, (0°, 3), (90°, −7), (180°, 3),
(270°, −7), (360°, 3)
2 a i amplitude = 3, Exercise 9.5
period = 2π, (0, 3), (π, −3), (2π, 3)
1 a f (x) > 0 b 0 < f (x) < 1
ii amplitude = 1,
period = π, ​​ ​ __ ​  , 1 ​​, (
​​ ​ ___ ​ , −1)​​,
π c 0 < f (x) < 2 d 0 < f (x) < 1
(4 )
3π
4 e 0 < f (x) < 3 f 0 < f (x) < 2

(4 ) (4 )
5π
___ 7π
​   ​ , 1 ​​, ​​ ___
​​ ​   ​ , −1 ​​ g 0 < f (x) < 2 h 0 < f (x) < 5
i 0 < f (x) < 3

218
 Answers

2 c 4 f 0°, 45°, 180°, 225°, 360°

3 c 2 8 a 60°, 120°, 240°, 300°
4 c 3 b 26.6°, 153°, 207°, 333°
5 b 5 9 a 45°, 63.4°, 225°, 243°
6 b 4 b 25.7°, 154°, 230°, 310°
7 b 4 c 48.2°, 120°, 240°, 312°
8 b 6 d 65.5°, 295°
9 1,k,3 e 0°, 48.6°, 131°, 180°, 360°
10 a = 1, b = 2, c = 2 f 0°, 180°, 360°
g 36.9°, 143°, 199°, 341°
Exercise 9.6 h 0°, 75.5°, 180°, 284°, 360°

1 a 23.6°, 156° b 72.5°, 287° i 34.5°, 146°

c 71.6°, 252° d 204°, 336° 10 1.74, 4.55

e 106°, 286° f 244°, 296°

g 36.9°, 143 h 109°, 251° Exercise 9.8
π 5π 1 a 101°, 281° b 109°, 251°
2 a ​​ __ ​​  , ​​ ___ ​​ b 0.381, 3.52
6 6 c 14.5°, 166° d 180°
π 2π 2π 5π
c ​​ __ ​​  , ​​ ___ ​​ d ​​ ___ ​​ , ​​ ___ ​​ 2 a 3.48, 5.94 b 1.11, 4.25
3 3 3 3
c 1.74, 4.54 d 0.588, 3.73
e No solutions f 2.28, 4.01
3 a 15°, 75°, 135° b 60°, 120°
g 0.201, 2.94 h 3.99, 5.44
c 45°, 135° d 65.7°, 114°
3 a 17.7°, 42.3°, 138°, 162°
4 a 0°, 120°, 360° b 30°, 90°
b 77.1°, 103° π 13π
c ​​ ___ ​​  , ​​ ____ ​​ d 1.28, 2.00
c 21.1°, 81.1°, 141° 24 24
d 72.3°, 108° 5 a 30°, 150°, 210°, 330
e 0°, 180° b 36.9°, 143°, 217°, 323°
f 67.9°, 112° c 60°, 120°, 240°, 300°
g 73.2°, 163° 6 a 41.8°, 138°, 194°, 346°
h No solutions b 70.5°, 180°, 289°
π 7π c 14.4°, 63.4°, 194°, 243°
4 a ​​ __ ​​  , ​​ ___ ​​ b 76.6°
2 6
d 45°, 105°, 165°, 225°, 285°, 345°
5π 13π
c ​​ ___ ​​  , ​​ ____ ​​ d 115°, 175° e 60°, 120, 240°, 300°
12 12
f 51.3°, 90°, 231°, 270°
e 33.8° f 0.29, 1.86, 3.43, 5.00
g 60°, 300°
5 a 51.3°, 231°
h 45°, 166°, 225°, 346°
b 55.9°, 146°
c 45°, 135°, 225°, 315°
d 60°, 180°, 300°, 360° Exercise 9.10
6 29.4°, 89.4°, 149.4° 1 a f (x) = 2 cos 2x

(2)
7 a 0°, 30°, 180°, 210°, 360° x
b f (x) = cos ​​ __
​   ​ ​​ + 2
b 0°, 38.7°, 180°, 218.7°, 360°
πx
(4)
c 70.5°, 90°, 270°, 289.5° c f (x) = 3 cos ​​ ___
​   ​ ​​

d 0°, 135°, 180°, 315°, 360°

e 11.5°, 90°, 168.5°, 270°

219
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

4π 5π
a ​​ ___ ​​ , ​​ ___ ​​
2
9 9 Exercise 10.2
π 1
b 0, ​​ __ ​​  , 2π 120
2
2 a 120 b 720 c 5040
π 5π 11π ___ 5π 17π
c ​​ __ ​​  , ​​ ___ ​​ , π, ​​ ____
 ​​ , ​​   ​​ , ​​ ____
 ​​ 3 a 120 b 12
3 9 9 3 9
π 3π 5π 7π 4 a 24 b 6
d ​​ __ ​​  , ​​ ___ ​​ , ​​ ___ ​​ , ​​ ___ ​​
4 4 4 4 5 a 120 b 48 c 72
__
_
10 ​ 5 ​
√ 6 720
3 a  ​​ ___ ​​ b ​3 + 2 ​√ 3 ​​ c ±  ​​ ___ ​​
9 2
7 36
4 a a = 3, b = 2, c = 1 8 120 960
b period = π, amplitude = 3 9 12

5
3π
b ​​ ___ ​​
2
Exercise 10.3
1 a 2520 b 720
6 i and ii
y c 1 814 400 d 120
2
2 210
3 151 200
0 x
45 90 135 180 225 370 315 360 4 120
5 60 480
–2
6 5040
7 6720
iii 4 solutions
π 5π 8 20
7 a 2 − 2 sin2 x + sin x b ​​   ​​  , ​​ ___ ​​ , π
0, __
6 3 9 a 360 b 1800
_ _
5 4  ​​ ​ 3 ​
√ 2 √​ 3 ​ 10 30 240
8 a  ​​ __ ​​ b ​​  __ c ​− ​  ___ ​​ d ​ ​____  ​ ​
4 3 3 3
3π
10 a 60°, 180°, 300° b 0, ___
​​   ​​, 2π
2 Example 10.4
1 a 6 b 10 c 1

Chapter 10 7!
d 35
7!
e 1 f 28

2 ​​ ____ ​​ = ____
​​   ​​
Exercise 10.1 3!4! 4!3!

3 a 462 b 210 c 31 824

1 a 720 b 132 c 28
3 4 84
d ​​ __ ​​ e 120
4
5 20
11!
2 a 3! b ​​ ___ ​​
9! 6 350

8! 5! 7 180
c ​​ ____ ​​ d ​​ ____ ​​
5!3! 2!3!
8 210
39! (n + 2)!
e ​​ _____ ​​ f ​​ _______
 ​​ 9 a 525 b 756
37!2! n!
10 70
(n + 1)! n!
g ​​ _______ ​​ h ​​ ________ ​​ 11 126
(n − 2)! (n − 3)!3!
12 64
(n − 1)!
i ​​ ________ ​​
(n − 5)!4! 13 200

14 2156

220
 Answers

Exercise 10.5 2 a 8 b 12 c −8 d −8
16
e −12 f −32 g 2430 h −  ​​ ___ ​​
1 21 600 27
2 7200 3 a 1 + 3x + 3x2 + x3

3 1152 b 1 + 5x + 9x2 + 7x3 + 2x4

_ _ 2 _ 3 _
4 a 1 + 3​​√3 ​​ + 3​​​(​√3 ​   )​​​  ​​ + (​​​ ​√3 ​   )​​​  ​​= 10 + 6​​√3 ​​
4 a 288 b 576 _ _ 2 _ 3 _
b 1 − 3​​√3 ​​ + 3​​​(​√3 ​   )​​​  ​​ − (​​​ ​√3 ​   )​​​  ​​ = 10 − 6​​√3 ​​
5 3 628 780
c 20
6 a 70 b 35 c 15
5 24
7 a 90 b 40
6 20 000
8 8 7 a 1 + 5x + 10x2 + 10x3 + 5x4 + x5
9 a 3 628 800 b 5184 b 45
10 21 624 1 ​​  , b = ​​ __
1 ​​  , c = −  ​​ __
1 ​​  , d = ​​ __
1 ​​
8 a = −  ​​ __
6 2 2 6
11 64 800
9 3.75
12 7200
10 1 + 5x + 6x2 − 4x3 −8x4
13 a 40 320 b 1152 c 52

14 a 495 b 210 Exercise 11.2

15 a 720 b 240
1 a row 2: 2C0 2C1 2C2
16 a 1176 b 12 b row 6: 6C0 6C1 6C2 6C3 6C4 6C5 6C6
17 a 40 320 b 576 c row 7: 7C0 7C1 7C2 7C3 7C4 7C5 7C6 7C7
c 36 d 108 2 a 1 + 3x + 3x2 + x3
18 240 b 1 − 4x + 6x2 − 4x3 + x4
c 1 − 6x + 12x2 − 8x3

Chapter 11 d 81 + 108x + 54x2 + 12x3 + x4

Exercise 11.1 e 1 − 8y + 24y2 − 32y3 + 16y4
f 32 + 80x + 80x2 + 40x3 + 10x4 + x5
1 a 1 + 4x + 6x2 + 4x3 + x4
g a4 − 12a3b + 54a2b2 − 108ab3 + 81b4
b 27 + 27x + 9x2 + 4x3
h 16x4 + 160x3y + 600x2y2 + 1000xy3
c x4 + 4x3y + 6x2y2 + 4xy3 + y4
+ 625y4
d 1 − 5x + 10x2 − 10x3 + 5x4 − x5 x4
i ​​ ___ ​​ − 2x3 + 24x2 − 128x + 256
e x + 6x + 15x
6 5y 4y2
+ 20x 3y3
+ 15x
2y4 16
x5 x4 x3 4x2
+ 6xy5 + y6 j − ​​ _______ ​​ + _____
​​   ​​ − ___
​​   ​​ + ___
​​   ​​ − 8x + 32
100 000 1000 25 5
f y4 + 12y3 + 54y2 + 108y + 81
108 81
k x4 − 12x2 + 54 − ____
​​  2 ​​ + ___
​​  4 ​​
g a4 − 4a3b + 6a2b2 − 4ab3 + b4 x x
5x6 5x2 5 5
h 81y4 + 108xy3 + 54x2y2 + 12x3y + x4 l x10 − ___
​​   ​​ + ​​ ___ ​​ − ​​ ___2 ​​ + ____
​​  ​​  1  ​​
 ​​ − _____
2 2 4x 16x6 32x10
i x4 − 12x3y + 54x2y2 − 108xy3 + 81y4
3 a 90x 3 b 435 456x 3
j 81x4 − 324x3 + 486x2 − 324x + 81
c 540x 3 d 1080x 3
9 27 ___ 27
k 1 + __
​​  x ​​ + ___
​​  2 ​​ + ​​  3 ​​ e 20x 3
f −61 236x 3
x x
g 2 800 000x 3 h −53 084 160x 3
3x4 3
l x9 − ___ ​​  1  ​​
​​   ​​ + ​​ ___ ​​ − ___
2 4x 8x6

221
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

4 a 1024x10 − 5120x9 + 11 520x8 20 13

b 256x − 1024x + 1792x  
8 7 6

c −16 384x7 + 28 672x  6 − 21 504x5 Exercise 11.4

d 729x   + 4374x + 10 935x
6 5 4
1 a Yes: 3, 4374 b No
e x − 24x + 252x ​​  1 ​​  , ​​ ____
1  ​​
8 7 6
c No d Yes: __
2 128
x 8
x x  
7 6
f ​​ ______ ​​ + _____
​​   ​​ + ____
​​   ​​
65 536 1024 256 e No f Yes: a, a7
g x − 24x + 252x
16 14 12 2 −4, 3

h 512x − 11 520x + 115 200x y

9 8y 7 2 3 3

5 a 1 + 18x + 135x2 + 540x3 4 ± 1.5

b 495 3
5 ​​ __ ​​   (2n − 1)
33x 55x 2 3 4
6 a 1 + 3x + ____
​​   ​​ + ​​ ____ ​​
8 16
6 14
187
b ​​ ____ ​​
16 7 6, 13.5
8 6.75
7 a 1 − 40x + 700x2 − 7000x3
5 1
b −9800 9 ​​ __ ​​  , − ​​ __ ​​
2 3
8 a 729 + 2916x + 4860x2
10 b 6, 0.5
b 3402
c 0.375
9 −280
11 18th
70
10 ​​ ___ ​​ 12 1.5, 2, 24
81
25
13 a −728 b 53 ​​ ___ ​​
Exercise 11.3 27

2 − ​​​(__
​  1 ​)​​​  ​​
n
182
1 a + 6d, a + 11d c ​​ ____ ​​ d
729 2
2 a 288 b 0 c −620 d 96x
14 7
3 a 5 + 2n b 25 − 8n
15 31
4 23, 2
16 189 000
5 a 86, −7 b 50 __
2​√ 3 ​
6 2160 17 ± ​​ ____  ​​
3
7 k=2
The 11th term, (
19 683 )
8
18 ​​ ______
​   ​ ​​
8 a 15, 2 b 4440
9 6480 19 24 575.25
10 41 583 20 5, 15, 45, 135, 405
11 2, 5, 8, 11, 14
12 14, 4
Exercise 11.5
13 0.5, 200
8 5
14 2, 364 1 a 64 b ​​ __ ​​ c ​​ __ ​​ d 56
3 9
15 270 2 12

16 3, 152 9
3 ​​ ___ ​​
10
17 16 000
1 ​​  , 6
4 ​​ __
n+8 7
18 a p = 1.7 q = 0.1 b ​​ _____
 ​​ , 0.2
5
45 45 45
5 a 0.45 = ​​ ____ ​​ + ______
​​   ​​ + ________
​​   ​​ + …
19 −12, 4 100 10 000 1 000 000

222
 Answers

1 ​​  , 21
6 ​​ __ 7 −672
2
8 … + 216x2y2 + 96xy3 + 16y4
7 2 ​​ : 18, 6, 2 or r = ​​ __
r = ​​ __ 1 ​​ : 9, 6, 4
3 3 9 a 1 + 6kx + 15k2x2 + 20k3x3
b k = 0.4

(2)
n−1
8192 __ 16 384
8  ​​ , ​​​ ​  1 ​ ​​​ 
a ​​ _____ ​​ b ​​ ______
 ​​ 10 3:5
3 3
11 a 5 b 2 + 69x + 1015x2
9 53
12 a 1 + 4x + 6x + 4x + x 2 3 4

10 2 ​​
a ​​ __ b 81 __
3 b 577 − 408​​√ 2 ​​
5 13 x = −5, y = 25 or x = 4, y = 16
11 a 16 b ​​ __ ​​
2
14 1 ​​, y = − ​​ __
a x = − ​​ __ 1 ​​
c The progression does not converge since r is not in the 2 8
range −1 , r , 1
1 ​​
b − ​​ __ c 272.5
5
1 ​​  , ​​ __ 3
12 a − ​​ __  ​​ b 51.2
4 4 __
15 243​​√6 ​​, 1410
13 a 2.37 b 34.6 c 36 16 90 m

3[ (​  10 ​)​​​  ​   ]​ ​, ​​  3 ​​

n
14 1 ​​ ​​ 1 − ​​ ___
a ​​ __ 1 __ 1 1 ​​
17 ​​ __
3
18 1
b ​​ ___ ​​ ​​[1 − (
2) ] 3
n
32 1 ​ ​​​  ​   ​​, ___32
​​ −  ​ __ ​​   ​​ __ __
3 __
2 − √​ 2 ​ __
2 + √​ 2 ​
19 2 + ​​√ 2 ​​, ​​ ______
 ​​or 2 − ​​√ 2 ​​, ​​ ______
 ​​
4 4
c ​​ ___ ​​ ​​[1 − (
​​ −  ​ __ ​)​​​  ​   ]​​, does not converge
n
16 3
5 2 20 a 3, 12, 48, 3 × 4n − 1
21 0.375 m east of its starting point, 1.5 m
15 2 ​​  , 5.00
− ​​ __
5

16 $19 846 400

Chapter 12
Exercise 11.6 Exercise 12.1
1 2, 3 1 a 7x6 b 9x8 c −2x−3
2 a 1 ​​
1, ​​ __ b 2
2 5
d −x−2 e −3x−2 f − ​  __ ​ ​x​​ −6​
​
3 3 2

3 __
4 ​​  , −1, ​​ __ 3 4 ​​
1
2  ​​ x  ​−  ​  3​​
__
3 ​​  ​​
1
__ ​  3​​
​−  __
1  ​ x  
4 ​​ __  ​​ or ​​   ​​  , −1, ​​ __ g  ​​  __ h ​  __ ​ x   2 i − ​  __ 2
3 4 4 3 3 2 2

2  ​ x   ​  5​​
​−  __ __ 1
4  ​ x  ​​  3​​ ​  3​​
​−  __
1  ​ x  
5 5, 10, 20 or 20, 10, 5 j − ​  __ 3
k ​  __ l − ​  __ 2
3 3 4
6 2.32
​  1​​
​−  __
2
m 0 n x   o 4x
Exercise 11.7 ​  1​​
​−  __
1  ​ x   3
p 16x7 q ​  __ 2
r ​  __ ​
1 −108 864 4 2
2 4x (27 + 4x2) 1
3 ​​  ​​
__
1  ​ x   ​  3​​
​−  __
s  ​​  __ ​​ x   2 t − ​  __ 2
3 a 1 + 24x + 252x + 1512x + … 2 3 4 2
4 a 16 + 96x + 216x2 + 216x3 + 81x  4
b 124
5 a 1 − 24x + 264x2 b 192
6 4375

223
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

−1 3
2 a 12x2 − 6 b 8x3 − 9x2 − 2 e  ​​  _____________
__ __ 2 ​​ f − ​  _______4 ​
(​​ x − 4)​​​ ​
2 √​ x ​ ​​(1 + √​ x ​)​​​ ​
c 3x−2 + 1 d 6x − 2x−2 + 3x−4
− 15 2
1  ​ x   ​  3​​
​−  __
1  ​ ​x​​ −​  __1  ​​+ ​  15 ​​  1​​
__ g  ​​ __________3 ​​ h ​  _________  ​
e 4 + 2x−3 + ​ __ 2
f ​  __ 2
___ ​x   2 __
​​  ​​ (​​ 3 − 2x)​​​ 3​
4 2 4 2 (​ 5x − 2)​2
7
5 ​−  ​  ​​
__
3 3
g  ​​  __ ​​ + ​  __ ​ ​x​​ −2​ h −3​x​​ −2​+ ​  __ ​ x   2 3 1
a  ​​ ________
______ ​​
− 5
b ​​ _________
______ ​​
2 2 2
​ 2x + 2 ​
√ 2​√1 − 5x ​
​  3​​
​__ ​  1​​
​−  __ ​  3​​
​−  __
i 5x   2 − x   2 + 2x   2 j 16x3 + 18x2 2x ​​ 2​− 4
3 ​x_______
c ​​ _________
_______  ​​ d ​​  __________  ​​
​  3​​
​__ ​  1​​
​−  __ √
​ 2 ​x​​ 2​+ 1 ​ 2​√​x​​ 3​− 4x ​
15 5
k −2​x​​ −3​+ ​  ___ ​​x​​ −4​ l ​  __ ​ x   − x  
2 2
2 2 1 4
e ​​ _________ ​​ f ​​ ________
______ ​​
m 8x − 4 n 16x3 − 8x ​​  2​​
__
​ 2x + 5 ​
√
(​ 3x − 2)​3
o 12x − 5
3 a −8 b 22 c 1, −1 −1
g ​​ _________ ​​ −4
h ​​ _________ ​​
​​  3​​
__ ​​  4​​
__
d −1 e −4 (​ 2x + 1)​2 (​ 1 − 3x)​   3

(0, 3), ( ​  2 ​  , ​ ___ ​)​​

77 4 576
4 ​​ __
3 27 5 0
5 1 ​​
​​ __
3 __ 5
6 ​​   ​​, 10
2
6 −1
3
7 0, 8 7 ​​ __ ​​
8
8 1, 5 21  ​​
9 ​− ​ ____
9 (4, −5) 125

10 ​​(__
​   ​  , ​ ___ ​)​​
3 3
4 16 Exercise 12.3
3 1 a 4x + 3 b 4x − 10
11 p = ​​ __ ​​, q = −5
4
c 3 (4x + 1) (x + 1)2
19
12 a −9 b ​ ​  ​​
a = −3, a = ___ d 3x (2 − 5x) (1 − x)2
3
13 a x2 − x − 6 b x . 3, x , −2 5 ​x​​ 2​+_ 12x 3x + 4
e  ​​  __________  ​​ f ​  _______
_  ​
2 √​ x + 3 ​ 2 √​ x + 1 ​

2x​(5x − 6)​ 9 ​x​​ ​ − 10__ ​x​​ ​ + 1

4 2
​​ 
Exercise 12.2 g  ​​ __________
______ ​​
​ 2x − 3 ​
√
h _______________
  
​√x ​
 ​​

1 a 12 (3x + 2)3 b 10 (2x − 3)4 i 9x + 4x − 3

2
j 2 (x − 3)2 (4x − 3)
2 ​​(​  __ )
5
c −28 (1 − 4x) 6
d ​ 1  ​ x − 3 ​​​ ​
3 k 4x (x2 − 1) l 54x2 − 30x − 16
3
e  ​​  __ ​​ ​​(3x + 1)​​​ 2​ f 60 (x − 1)4 2 9
2
3 20
g −24 (3 − 2x)2 h −12 (2x − 5)3
2
42 ​x​​ ​ 4 16 and 0
​ __________
i 18x (3x2 + 2)2 j ​   ​​
( 3) 8
​​ 1 − 2 ​x​​ ​ ​​​ ​ 5 x = 0.5, x = −2, x = −1
17
k 6x (x − 1)(x − 2)
2 2
6 x = ___
​   ​
3

( x)
​ 22 ​ ​​​​​(x2 + __
​ 4 ​)​​​  ​​
2
l 6​​ x − __ 9
x 7 k = ​ __ ​  (x − 1)
2
1 8
2 a ​− ​  _______  ​​ b ​− ​  _________2 ​​
(​​ x − 5)​​​ 2​ (​​ 2x + 1)​​​ ​ ​(3 − x)(​​ 3 − 5x)​
8 a ​​ ______________
   __ ​​ b x = 3 or 0.6
2 √​ x ​
6 72x
c  ​​  _________2 ​​ d ​− ​  __________  ​​
​​(1 − 2x)​​​ ​ ​​(3 ​x​​ 2​− 2)​​​ 2​

224
 Answers

Exercise 12.4 Exercise 12.6

16 16 97
1 a ​− _______
​   ​​ b ​ ​_________2 ​​ 1 ​​ 
_____  ​​
(​​ x + 5)​​​ 2​ (​​ 2x + 5)​​​ ​ 1350

4  ​​ (​ x + 1)​​(x + 5)​ 2 0.03

c  ​​ ________ d ​ ​_____________
    ​​
(​​ x + 2)​​​ 2​ (​​ x + 3)​​​ 3​ 3 900p

6x − x−4 7p
e ​− ________
​  2  ​​ f ​​ ____________
__  ​​ 4 ​− ___
​   ​​
(​​ ​x​​ ​ − 2)​​​ 2​ 2 √​ x ​ (​​ x − 4)​​​ 2​ 81

− 3x _ −4 2​(​x​​ ​ + x + 4)​
2
5 10π cm3
g  ​​ __________  ​​ h ​​ 
____________
    ​​
2 ​x​​ 3​√​x + 1 ​ ​​(2x + 1)​​​ 2​
9π
2 −1 6 ​​ ___ ​​
4
___ ___ _
3 (−2 + ​​√ 11 ​​, −7 + 2​​√ 11 ​​   ) and 560 √​ 3 ​
___ ___ 7 a ​y = ​ ______  ​​ b −71.8p, decrease.
(−2 − √​​ 11 ​​, −7 − 2​​√ 11 ​​   ) ​x​​ 2​

___10
4 ​​   ​​
3 Exercise 12.7
5
5
​​ ___ ​​ or ___
−5
​​   ​​ 1 ​​  2  ​​
___
18 18 27

1 ​​ 2 10
6 ​​ __
2 16
3 ​− ___
​   ​​
5
( 2) ( 6)
7 1 ​ ​​, ​​ 3, __
​​ −1, −  ​ __ ​  1 ​ ​​
4 48

8 ​​(− 4, __
​  4 ​)​​, ​​(2, __
​  2 ​)​​
8
5 ​​ 
____  ​​
3 3 175
6 −0.06

Exercise 12.5 7 0.0995 cm s−1

8 0.0212 cm s−1
1 a y = 11 − 7x b ​​  1 ​​x + 2
y = __
4 9 a 120 cm2 s−1 b 600 cm3 s−1
c y = −2x − 2 d y = −5x − 9 10 503 cm s 2 −1

e y = 80x − 64 f ​​  4 ​​  (x − 1)

y = __ 11 −0.00637 cm min−1
9
12 30 cm3 s−1
2 a ​​  1 ​​  (26 − x)
y = __ b ​​  1 ​​  (42 − x)
y = __
7 8
Exercise 12.8
c ​​  1 ​​  (x + 1)
y = __ d ​​  1 ​​  (x + 11)
y = __
2 3 36
1 a 36x2 b ​​ ___5 ​​
e x=2 f y = 7x − 20 3
x
__
​​  2​​
3 (4, −31) −x − 6
c ​​ ________ ​
 ​ d 500 (1 − 5x)3
4 y = −6, y = 21 ​x​​ 3​

25 15
5 ​​(__
​  1 ​, 2​√2 ​ )​​
_
e −  ​​ __________3 ​​ f ​​ __________5 ​​
__
2 ​​  ​​ ​​  ​​
4 (​ 5x − 2)​2 (​ 2x + 4)​2

6 a y = 10x − 11 b (2, 1)

5 3
7 p = __
​​   ​​, q = ​− ​ __ ​​
2 2

8 y = −2x
9 p = −4, q = 1

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 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

2 a −24 (x2 − 6x + 8)
3​(x + 1)​
b ​​ ________
_​​  5​​
​
 ​ Exercise 12.10
4x2
1 a (40 − 2x)(25x − 2x2)
6 2​(2x + 7)​ b 4 (3x − 50)(x − 5)
c  ​​ _________3 ​​ d ​ _________  ​
(​​ 3x + 1)​​​ ​ ​​(x − 1)​​​ 4​ c x = 5 cm

2​(x + 3)​ 2 b L = 28.3 m when x = 7.07 m

e  ​​ ________  ​​ − 4  ​​
f ​​ _________ 3 4 b 36 cm2
​x​​ 4​ __
​​  ​​
(​ 4x + 3)​2
5 b a=9
3 a 2 b −2 c −6 6 125 barrels, $312 500
4 x = −0.5, x = 1.5
4500
7 a y = _____
​​  2 ​​
2  ​​ x
5 ​− ​ ____ 3 __
125 c A = 3740 cm3, x = 10​​√ 3 ​​  cm
6 24 8 b 38 400 cm3
7 a 12x2 − 12x − 9 b 24, −24
Exercise 12.11
Exercise 12.9 1 a 54 − 6x2 b x . 3, x , −3
1 a (1, 4) minimum 2 24y + x + 386 = 0, 24y + x − 484 = 0
3 a = 64
b ​​(−  ​ __ ​, −  ​ ____
8 )
5 147
 ​ ​​ minimum
4
19p
4 −  ​​ ____
 ​​
c (1, −4) minimum, (3, 0) maximum 2
d (5, 0) minimum 5 0.02
e (−5, −97) minimum, (1, 11) maximum 6 0.0477 cm s−1

​​(__
2 4)
13 7 a a = 2, b = 1 b minimum
f ​  1 ​, ___
​   ​ ​​ maximum
8 x = 100, Profit = $10 000
__
2 a (1, ​​√ 3 ​​   ) minimum 9 b x = 42.4 m, A = 1800 cm2
π
b (2, 12) minimum 10 b A = 200x − 2x2 − __
​​   ​​   x2
2
c ​​(6, ___
​  1  ​)​​ maximum c x = 56.0 cm, y = 28.0 cm
12

d ​​(−  ​ __ )
1 ​, −16 ​​ minimum,

​​(__
2

​  1 ​, −16)​​ maximum

Chapter 13
2
Exercise 13.1
e ( ​  1 ​)​​ maximum, (
2)
​​ 1, __ 1 ​ ​​ minimum
​​ −1, −  ​ __
2 1 a 2j b 3i c 4i + j

f (1, 3) maximum d 2i + 2j e 2i f −2i + j

g −2i − 2j h −4i + j i −i − j
10 dy
3 ​​ _______2 ​​, the numerator of ___
​​   ​​ is never zero 2 a 3 b 10 c 26
(​​ x + 3)​​​  ​ dx ___ ___
d 5 e ​​√53 ​​ f ​​√89 ​​
4 a=9 __ __
g 3​​√2 ​​ h 3​​√5 ​​
5 a a = −12, b = −13
3 18i + 24j
b maximum
4 20i − 48j
c (2, −29) minimum
5 1 ​​   (−3i − 4j)
a ​​ __ 1  ​​   (5i + 12j)
b ​​ ___
5 13

226
 Answers

___
1 ​​   (−3i − 4j) ​√89 ​
c ​​ __ d ​​ ____ ​​   (8i − 5j) b i 60i − 36j
5 89
__ ii 70i − 12j
​√2 ​
e ​​ ___ ​​  (i + j) iii 80i + 12j
2

6 a −6i + 4j b 5i −4j c r=(

​​ ​  50)​ ​​ = t​​(  ​10​)​​
−60 24
c −13i − 1.5j d 1.5i + j
6 a 10 km h−1 b −4i + 6j
7 a A and D, B and C, B and E, A and F
b D and F, C and E c ​ ​)​​ = t  ​​(​  8​)​​
r = ​​(−20 d 5 p.m.
18 −6
__ __
±​√3 ​ ±2​√2 ​ __
8 a ​​ ____ ​​ b 0 c ​​ _____
 ​​ 7 a 15i − 5​​√3 ​​j km h−1
2 3 __ __
b i 40i + (6 − 10​√3 ​  )j ii 17.5i + (6 − 2.5​√3 ​    )j
Exercise 13.2
r = ​​(10
(−5​√3 ​ ​)​​
​ ​​ )​​ + t​​ ​ 
15__
c
6
1 a ​​(​  0​)​​ b ​​( 2​)​​ c ​​(​  10)
​ ​​
11 −2 −1
8 a 7i + 5j b 6i − 8j m s−1 c 10 m s−1

2 ​​(−5
​ )​​  ​​ 9 r=( ​ )
​​ −5 ​​  ​​ + t​​(2​ ​​ )​​
4 0 1

3 ​​(1​ ​​ )​​ 10 e.g. r = ​​(​  5)​ ​​ + t​​(​  1)​ ​​

2 −1 −1
4 2i + 2j
5 i+j
Exercise 13.5
____
1 a 10 b ​​√274 ​​
13 18
6 ​​ ___ ​​  i + ​​ ___ ​​  j
7 7 2 6i − 3j
__
3 3 ​​√5 ​​
8 λ = ​​ __ ​​  , µ = 7
2 3 1 ​​   q
4 a p+q b ​​ __ ​​   p + ​​ __
2 2
a ​​(−8
​ ) c ​​(−1
​ )
__
9 ​ ​​ b 4​​√5 ​​ ​​  ​​ ___
3
−4 4 5 a ​​√65 ​​ b ​​ __ ​​   i + j
2
5
10 ​​(​  5​)​​ c ​​ __ ​​   i − j
4
11

​  14 ​
(3)
a ​​(6​ ​​ )​​
3 4 ​​   j ___
11 a, −  ​​ __ ​​  i + ​​ __ 6 b ​​ ​3 ​
5 5 2

Exercise 13.3 c ​​(​  34)​ ​​ d ​​(5.2

​ ) ​ ​​
−19 2.6
1 ​​  1 ​​ (c − b)
a c − b, __
2
7 a ​​ __ 1 ​​   a − b
1 ​​   (a − b), ​​ __ 1 ​​   b − ​​ __
b ​​ __ 1 ​​   a
2 1 ​​ (q − p), ​​ __
a q − p, ​​ __ 1 ​​  (q − 4p) 2 2 3 6
5 5
8 a 5 km h−1 b 14i + 11j
Exercise 13.4 9 a (5 + 3t)i + (10 − t)j

1 a (2i + 3j) m s −1
b (15i − 25j) m b 14i + 7j

c 10 h c 10 minutes after the start

10 −60i + 80j km h−1
2 (16.25i + 11.5j) m s −1

3 230i 11 a r=( ​ )
​​ −3 ​ ​​ + t​​(2​ ​​ )​​
−2 4
4 a 8i + 8j km h−1
__ b 2i + 8j
b 20​​√ 3 ​​  i + 20j km h−1
__
c t = 1.5 seconds
c −4​​√ 3 ​​  i + 40j m s−1 12 a 301° b 243 km h−1
5 a 26 m s −1
13 8.81 m s−1§

227
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

14 a 10.5 m s−1 b 082.7°

Exercise 14.2
15 a 11.1 km h−1, 015.7°
b 113 minutes 1 1 ​​
a ​​ __ 1 ​​
b ​​ __
x x
16 a 10i + t(12i + 5j)
3 4x
b 20i − 4j + t(−3i + 10j) c ​​ ______ ​​ d 2 + ​​ _______  ​​
3x − 2 2x2 − 1
c −10i + 4j + t(15i − 5j)
12  ​​
e ​​ ______ 1  ​​
f ​​ ______
d 12:40 p.m.
4x + 1 2x + 1

9 1 ​​
g ​​ ______ ​​ h 3 + ​​ __

Chapter 14
3x − 2 x

2  ​​
i ​​ ______ 1  ​​
j ​​ ______
2x − 1 x ln 2x
Exercise 14.1
3 3x3 + 1
1 a 2 e2x b 8 e8x k ​​ _________ __  ​​ l ​​ __________  ​​
2​(x + √​ x ​   )​ x  4 + x ln 2x
c 8 e4x d −6 e−2x
x
−  ​ __ ​
2 a ln (2x) + 1 b 3x2 (3 ln x + 1)
e −3​​e​​  ​​ 3 f 2 e2x + 4
​​  1 ​​ + 2x ln 2x
x − __
__

​e​​  ​√__x ​​ c d 3 ln (2x2) + 6

g 3x2​​e​​  x + 3​​ h 6 + ​​ ___  ​​ x
3

​ x ​
√

i −2 e−2x j −9 e3x e x2​​[3 ln (ln 2x) + _____

​  1  ​]​​
ln 2x
2 ​​   ex + __
k  ​​ __ ​​  1 ​​   e−x l 16x + 12x2​​e​​  x ​​ 2[1 − ln (2x)] 2(ln x) − 4
3

3 3 ____________
f ​​     ​​ g ​​ _________
__  ​​
3x2 ​ x  ​ (ln x)2
√
2 a 4 ex (x + 1) b x2 e4x (4x + 3)
h ​​ ______ ​​ + ln ​​(______
4 )
3x 1 − 3x
​   ​ ​​
e2x(4x + 1) 3x − 1
c 4 e−2x (1 − 2x) d ​​ __________
__ ​​
2​√x ​
3[ln (1 − 3x) − 1]
_______________
i ​​        ​​
e3x(3x − 2) e3x(6x − 1) (1 − 3x)2
e ​​ __________
 ​​ f ​​ __________  ​​
x3 3
__
4​x​​  ​ 2 ​​
3 6 ln 2 + 2, 12 ln 2 + 10
e −x 2e − 4e (x + 2)
−4x −2x
g e2x − ​​ ___ ​​ _________________
h ​​        ​​ 4 1  ​​
a ​​ ______ 2  ​​
b ​​ ______
2 (e−2x + 1)2 2x − 1 3 − 2x

x
3 a i y = 2 ex − e ii ​​  1  ​​
y = −  ​​ ___ ​​ + e + ___ 4x + 1
c ​​ ______  ​​ 2
d ​​ ___________
    ​​
2e 2e x2 + x 3x2 + 4x + 1
x
b i y = 3x − 1 ii y = −  ​​ __ ​​ − 1 6(x − 1) x2 − 4x + 2
3 e ​​ _________ ​​ f ​​ ____________
    ​​
x(2 − 3x) x3 − 3x2 + 2x
x
c i y = 4x + 2 ii y = 2 − ​​ __ ​​
4 −3x2 + 4x − 3
g ​​ ________________
  
    ​​
3x3 − 2x2 − 3x + 2
x 1 ____
d i y = −  ​​ __ ​​ + ​​ __ ​​ + ​​  ln 2 ​​
2 4 2 1 − 3x
h ​​ ____________
   ​​
(x − 3)(x + 1)
ii 1 ​​ − ln 4
y = 2x + ​​ __
4
−x2 + 6x + 3
i ​​ ___________________
   ​​
  
4 (0, 0), (2, 4 e−2) x(x − 1)(x + 1)(x + 3)

a ​​(3, ___
​   ​)​​, minimum
e3 1  ​​ 3
5 5 a ​​ _____ b ​​ _____ ​​
27 x ln 4 x ln 3

b ( ​  4e ​)​​, maximum and (1, 0), minimum

−2
c ​​ __________  ​​
​​ −1, __ ln 2 − x ln 4

c (0, 1), maximum

228
 Answers

_3
6x2 5 − 8​x​​  ​ 2 ​​
6 a ​​ _______  ​​ b ​​ __________5 ​​ f ​  1 ​​  x − ​ __
2e2x cos ​__ ​1 ​​  e2x sin ​__
​  1 ​​  x
2x3 − 1 10x − 4​x​​  ​ 2 ​​ 3 3 3
g −ex (sin x + 2 sin 2x + cos x − cos 2x)
2x − 1
c ​​ __________  ​​
x2 − x − 20 h 3x2 ln (cos x) − x2 tan x
i 2 cot 2x
Exercise 14.3 j 3x2 ln (cos x) − x3 tan x

1 a 3 sec2 (3x) k ex − 1 (sin 2x + 2 cos 2x)

b −3 cos x − 3 sec2 x (−3x sin x + sin x + x cos x)

l  ​​ ________________________
        ​​
c −4 sin 2x − 2 cos 2x e3x
__ __
d 24 cos 3x π π2​√ 3 ​ 4(1 + ​√ 3 ​  )
5 a ​​ __ ​​ − ​​ _____
 ​​ b −  ​​ _________
 ​​
e 6 sec2 (3x) 6 36 49
__
​  1 ​​  x − ​ __
​1 ​​ cos ​​ __ b (0, 0), ​​(___
​   ​  , ​ ___ ​)​​
f −sin ​__ 1 ​​  x 2π √​ 3 ​
2 2 2 6
3 4
2 a 4 sin x cos x
7    2
a ​​ ___________  ​​ b 2 cot 4x
b 16 sin 4x cos 4x sin 2x cos 2x
c 2 sin x cos x (2 + 3 cos x)
d 3 (1 − sin x) (x + cos x)2 Exercise 14.4
π π
e 24 sin 4x + ​ __
​  ​​ cos 4x + ​ __
​  ​​ 1 a e−x (cos x − sin x)
3 3
__

b ​​(−  ​ ___ ​ , −  ​ ______
2 )
f 18 tan2 2x sec2 2x − 16 sin x cos 3x 3π ​√ 2 ​​e​​  −  ​  4 ​​
__
3π

 ​​​ minimum,
3 a cos x − x sin x 4
__
b 3 cos 3x cos x − sin x sin 3x
( 2 )
π √​ 2 ​​e​​  −  ​ 4 ​​
π
__

​​ __
​   ​, ​ _____
 ​​​ maximum
c 6x tan x + 2x sec x
2 3 2
4

(3) (3) (3)

4 ​​   x sec2 ​​ __
d ​​ __
x
​   ​ ​​ tan ​​ __
x
​   ​ ​​ + 2 tan2 ​​ __
x
P=( ​  2 ​  , 0)​​, Q = (0, −2e)
​   ​ ​​
3 2 ​​ __
3
e −10 cot 2x cosec 2x __
3​√ 3 ​
3 −  ​​ ____  ​​
2 ​​ sec x + ​ __
f ​​ __ ​2 ​​  x tan x sec x 2
3 3
4x (cos 3x)+ 6x2 sin 3x
___________________
2x tan x sec x − tan x
____________________
2 2 4 a ​​        ​​
g ​​        ​​ cos2 (3x)
2x2
4π
3 sin x sin 2x + 2 cos x cos 2x − 3 sin x b −  ​​ ___ ​​   p
h ​​ ________________________________
         ​​ 3
(1 − sin 2x)2
2 cos x + 2x sin x 5 a The graph cuts the axes at (0, 0)
_______________
i ​​     ​​
b maximum point at ( ​  1e ​)​​
3 cos2 x
​​ 1, __
j 4 tan (2x) sec2 (2x)
c y = e2 x + 2e−2 − 2e2
sin x − 2 sin x cos 2x
2
___________________
2
k  ​​        ​​ 6 20
sin2 2x
​​  1 ​​  ​​e​​ ​ 2 ​​​, b = −  ​​ __
a = __ 1 ​​
_1
2
_____________
7
l ​​      ​​ 2 8
(sin x + cos x) 2
__
π − 2x ____ 3​√ 3 ​
4 a e sin x
cos x 8 y = ​​ ______
 ​​ + ​ ​  ​​
9 2
b −3 sin 3x ecos 3x __
9 −2​​√ 3 ​​p
c 2 etan 2x sec2 2x
10 c 7.02 m
d e(sin x − cos x) (sin x + cos x)
e ex cos 2x − 2 ex sin 2x

229
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

​   ​  , ​√ 2 ​ ​​ maximum, ( ​   ​ , −​√2 ​ )​​ minimum

π __ __

(4 )
5π
11 a ​​ __ ​​ ___ 3 a y = 2x3 − 2x2 + c
4
x6 x  4
b (0, 2) maximum, (π, −2) minimum, b y = ​​ __ ​​ − ___
​​   ​​ + c
3 4
(2π, 2) maximum 5
__
​​  2​​ x2
​​  12 ​​  x   + __
​   ​  , 1 ​​ maximum, ( ​   ​, −1)​​ minimum,
π c y = 3x3 − ___ ​​   ​​ + c
( 18 )
7π
c ​​ ___ ​​ ___ 5 2
18
3x 4 3x2
​​(____
​   ​ , 1)​​ maximum
13π d y = ​​ ____ ​​ + x3 − ___
​​   ​​ + c
2 2
18
x2
d (−1, −2e) minimum, ​​  2  ​​ + c
e y = ​​ __ ​​ − ___
6 3x
e (16, −4 + 8 ln 2) maximum
f 2 ​​ + c
y = −2x − ​​ __
12 a y = 8 ln 2 − 4x b y=3−x x

c ​​  2 ​​  , q = ​​ ___

p = __ 12 ​​ x 4 x ___
​​   ​​ − ​​  2  ​​ + c
g y = ​​ ___ ​​ − __
5 5 6 3 3x
__ 3
__ ​​  2​​
​​  4 ​​  x   + c
h y = 12​​√ x ​​ + __
Exercise 14.5 3
___
π
1 y = −​√​ 3x ​​ + ____ ​​  1 ​​
​​  __ ​​ + __ 4 y = ___
x 4 2x3
​​   ​​ − ___
​​   ​​ + 3x + 2
2​√ 3 ​ 2 4 3
2 y=3−x 5 y = x3 + x2 −7
e x 2(x − 1)(x + 2) 2
__ 5 __ 3
3 a ​​ ______  ​​ ______________
b ​​     ​​ ​​  2​​ ​​  2​​
ex + 3 x2 6 y = 4x   + 4x   − 4x + 5

3(x2 − 1) x3 16x
c ​​ ________  ​​ 7 y = __
​​   ​​ − ____
​​   ​​ + 5
x(x2 − 3) 3 3
____
x cos x √​ etan x ​
4 a ln (sin x) + ​ ______
​  ​​ b ​​ _______  ​​
sin x 2 cos2 x Exercise 15.2
5 ​  1 ​​
−  ​__ x6
6 1 a x8 + c b ​​ __ ​​ + c
3
6 5p 2  ​​ + c 1  ​​ + c
c −  ​​ ___ d −  ​​ ___
7 a y=x−1 b (0, 0) c ln 2 − 1 3x3 x4
__ 5 __
8 b 109° 3​√ x ​
e ​​ ____ ​​ + c f 2 ​​   x  ​− ​  2​​ + c
−  ​​ __
9 c 30° 2 5

x3 7x2
2 a ​​ __ ​​ − ___
​​   ​​ + 10x + c
3 2

Chapter 15 b 2x3 + ___

3x2
​​   ​​ − 3x + c
2
Exercise 15.1 16x3
c ​​ ____
 ​​ − 20x + 25x + c
5 3 3
1 a y = __
​​   ​​  x7 + c b y = __
​​   ​​   x5 + c 5
__ 3__
7 5 2 ​​x  ​​  2​​ + 2x  ​​  2​​ + __
d ​​ __
3
​​   ​​  x2 + x + c
5 2
c ​​  4 ​​   x5 + c
y = __ d 2  ​​ + c
y = −  ​​ ___
5 3x3 e 2x4 + 16x3 + 36x2 + c
__
​​  1  ​​ + c
7 4
e y = ___ f y = ​​√ x ​​ + c __
6 ​​  3​​ 3 ​​  3​​
__
3x f ​​ __ ​​  x   − __
​​   ​​  x   + c
7 4
8
2 a ​​ __ ​​   x5 − x + c b x6 − x3 + x2 + c 1  ​​ + x + c
5 3 a ​​ __
x2
3
c ​​  1 4 ​​ + x2 + c
−  ​​ __2 ​​ + ____
x 2x x3 2
b ​​ ___ ​​ − __
​​   ​​ + c
12 x
1  ​​ − ___
d −  ​​ ____ ​​  11  ​​ + x2 + c
4x  4 8x2

230
 Answers

x5 x 4 ___ x3 ex 3x2
c ​​ ___ ​​ − ___
​​   ​​ + ​​   ​​ + c 5 y = ​​ __ ​​ + ___
​​   ​​ + 5
20 8 12 2 2

4__ ​​ + c
d x + ​​ ___ 6 y = 5e−3x + 18
​ x ​
√

Exercise 15.5
__ 3 5
2 ​​  x  ​​  2​​ − __ ​− ​ __2​​
e ​​ __ ​​  2 ​​x   + c
3 5
1 1 ​​  cos 6x + c
a −  ​​ __ 1 ​​  sin 4x + c
b ​​ __
6 3 6 4
f 2x2 + __
​​  2 ​​ − ___
​​  6 ​​ + c
x 2x
x
c −4 cos ​​ __ ​​ + c d sin 3x + c
4
Exercise 15.3 5 4 ​​  sin (3x + 2) + c
e −  ​​ __ ​​  cos 2x + c f ​​ __
1 ​​   (x + 3)4 + c 1  ​​   (2x − 1)5 + c 2 3
1 a ​​ __ b ​​ ___
4 10
2 ​​  cos (1 − 5x) + c
g ​​ __ h 2 sin (3x + 1) + c
1 ​​   (2x + 5)7 + c 1 ​​   (3 − 2x)5 + c 5
c ​​ __ d −  ​​ __
7 5
5
__ 5
__ i 4 cos ​​(3 − __
​ 1 ​   x)​​ + c j To supply
1 ​​   (3x + 2) 3 + c ​​  ​​ ​​  ​​
1 ​​   (2x + 1) 2 + c 2
e ​​ __ f ​​ __ 3
5 5 __

2 a 3x + 2 cos x + c 2 ​​   x  ​​  2​​ + ​​ __

b ​​ __
3
 ​​  sin 2x
_____
25 3 2
g −4​​√ x + 1 ​​+ c h −  ​​ ______ ​​ + c
9x + 6
3π
1 ​​  sin 4x − ​​ ___ 4x 1  ​​ − __ 3 2x
c ​​ __  ​​  cos ​​ ___ ​​ + c d −  ​​ __ ​​   ​​  sin ​​ ___ ​​ + c
1 2 4 3 x2 2 3
i ​​ __________ ​​ + c
18(1 − 3x)4 3 __
3x
e ​​ __ ​​  cos 4x − e−x + c f ​​  4 ​​  cos ​​ ___ ​​ + c
−6​​√ x ​​ − __
3 4 3 4
__
​​  2​​ ​​  12​​
__

2 y = 2x   − 4x   − 1
g To supply
5
__ 1
__
​​  2​​
​​  2​​
3 y = 4x − 4x   + 7
x3
4 a k = −8 b y = x3 − 4x2 + 9 3 y = __
​​   ​​ − 4 sin x + 3
5
__
4 y = 2 sin x + 3 cos x − 2​​√ 2 ​​
Exercise 15.4 3 __
​​  2​​
e 6x
e−3x 5 ​​  2 ​​   x   + 18 cos ​​ __
y = __ 1 ​​   x + 2
1 a ​​ ___ ​​ + c b −  ​​ ____
 ​​ + c 3 3
6 3
​​  13 ​  x​
__
e−4x 6
15 1 ​​  sin 3x + ​​ __
y = −  ​​ ___ ​​  cos 2x − ​​ __ 2 ​​   x + 3
c 3e   +c d −  ​​ ____
 ​​ + c 4 9 3
4
2e3x
e ​​ ____
 ​​ + c f 6e4x + c
3 Exercise 15.6
e x+1
1 a 7 ln x + c b 12 ln x + c
g ​​ ____ ​​ + c h −e5 − 3x + c
2
1 ​​  ln x + c
c ​​ __ 4 ​​  ln x + c
d ​​ __
e4x − 1 3 3
i ​​ _____ ​​ + c
16
1 ​​  ln (x + 1) + c
e ​​ __ f 1 ​​  ln (1 − 7x) + c
−  ​​ __
e 4x
e
6x 2 7
2 a 2e − ___
​​   ​​ + c
x
b 9x + 2e 3x
− ___
​​   ​​ + c
4 6 3
g ​​ __ ​​  ln (4x − 1) + c h −5 ln (2 − x ) + c
4
e −3x
9e 6x
e 2x
c 9x − ​​ ____
 ​​ + 9e3x − ____
​​   ​​ + c d ​​ ___ ​​ − e−x + c
3 2 2 i 2  ​​  ln (3x − 1) + c
−  ​​ ___
15
e4x e3x 1  ​​ − ____
e ​​ ___ ​​ − ​​ ___ ​​ + c f ​​ ____ ​​  1  ​​ + c
4 9 3e3x 2e2x
__
x 4 2e3x + 1
3 a 2e2x − 4​​√ x ​​ + c b ​​ ___ ​​ + ______
​​   ​​ + c
4 3
__
4 y = ex + √​​ x ​​ − 1 − e

231
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

2 a x2 + 3 ln x + c
Exercise 15.8
b ​​  1 ​​ + 8 ln x + c
16x − __ 381 52
x 1 a ​​ ____
 ​​ b ​​ ___ ​​ c 44
7 81
c 4
x − ​​ __
x ​​ − 4 ln x + c 140
d ​​ ____
 ​​ e 3
13
f ​​ ___ ​​
3 2
d 2x + ln x + c 321 242 ​​ 103
g ​​ ____ ​​ h ​​ ____ i −  ​​ ____
 ​​
1  ​​ − __ 16 81 2
e −  ​​ ___ ​​  2 ​​  ln x + c
9x3 3 442 ​​ 38
j ​​ ____ k 5.77 l ​​ ___ ​​
15 3
x 3
3
f ​​ __ ​​ − __
​​   ​​ − 6 ln x + c
3 x3 2 a 56 b 14 c 413
6__ 220 2  ​​
g 2 ln x − ​​ ___  ​​ + c d ​​ ____ ​​ e ​​ ___ f 8.99
​ x ​
√ 441 15
__ 3
2 ​​   x  ​​  2​​ − 2 ln x + c
h ​​ __ 1 ​​   (e6 − 1) __
3 a ​​ __ b 1/2  (√​​ e ​​ − 1)
3 3

3( e)
7 e2
e2x
i ​​ ___ ​​ − ln x + c ​ 19 ​ ​​
c ​​ __ ​​  ​​ 1 − __ ​​  1  ​​
d ​​ __ ​​ − ___
4 4 4e4
2e6 − 2
e ​​ _______
 ​​
3 ​​  1 ​​  ln (4x − 1) + 3
y = __ 3e4
2
1  ​​  (7 + 18e6 + 9e12 + 2e18)
f ​​ ___
4 y = 4 ln x − 3x + 8 12
1  ​​  (−43 + 24e2 + 16e3 + 3e4)
g ​​ ___
5 1  ​​ + 2 ln (x + 1) + __
y = −  ​​ __ ​​ 1e ​​ 12
ex
31
h 2e2 − ___ ​​  1 2 ​​
​​   ​​ − ___
8 8e
Exercise 15.7 i ​​  2 ​​ − ___
e4 − __ ​​  1  ​​
_____ 3 3e4
​ x − 4 ​
√
1 b ​​ ______
 ​​ + c 1 ​​   (2 + 9π)
2x2 4 a 1 b ​​ __
6
2 a 16x (2x2 + 2)3 1 ​​  (2x2 + 2)4 + c
b ​​ __ __
2 ​√ 2 ​ 3
c −  ​​ ___ ​​ d ​​ __ ​​
6 2
2 ln x 1 ​​  ln2 x + c
3 a ​​ _____ ​​ b ​​ __
x 2 1 ​​   (3π2 + 2) __
1 ​​   (​​√ 2 ​​ − 1)
e ​​ __ f ​​ __
6 6
4 a y = 8 (x + 2) (x2 + 4x − 1)3
3 11 ln 17
1 ​​  (x2 + 4x − 1)4 + c 5 a ​​ __ ​​  ln ​​ ___ ​​ b ​​ _____
 ​​
b ​​ __ 2 3 4
8
ln 5 3 ln 7
1 ​​  ​​e​​  x ​​ + c c ​​ ____
 ​​ d ​​ _____ ​​
5 a 4x3​​e​​  x ​​ b ​​ __ 2 2
4 4

4
e ln 7 2 ​​  ln ​​ ___
f ​​ __ 11 ​​
6 a 6 cos 2x (sin 2x + 3)2 3 5
1 ​​  (sin 2x + 3)3 + c
b ​​ __ 3 4 ​​
6 6 a 6 + ​​ __ ​​  ln 7 b ln ​​ __
2 7

7 a 5 sin4 x cos x 1 ​​  sin5 x + c

b ​​ __ 3 3
5 c ln ​​ __ ​​ − __
​​   ​​
2 2
3
9x2 ​​  21​​
__ __
2 ​​   (x3 + 5)  ​​  2​​ + c
8 a ​​ ___ ​​  (x3 + 5)   b ​​ __ 7 k=5
2 9
​​  12​​ 3 27
x
__
8 a x + 2 + ​​ _____ ​​ b ​​ ___ ​​ + ln 8
9 a ​​ _______
______ ​​ b (x2 + 3)   + c x+2 2
√
​ x2 + 3 ​
9 a 3x + 1, −1
3
10 a k = −2 b −  ​​ ______  ​​ + c
x2 + 3 10 2 ln 5 − 4

232
 Answers

Exercise 15.9 Exercise 15.12

1 a 12x3 (x4 + 4)2 b 51 167 1 y = x 4 − 2x2 − x + 6
2 a 4e (1 + e )x x 3
b 1190
2 1 ​​
p = ​​ __
3
4x 2
+1
3 a ​​ ________
_______ ​​ b 6
​√ 2x2 + 1 ​ 3 y = x3 − 2x2 − x + 8

4 b 0.835 x3 ex __
​​   ​​ + ​​  2 ​​
x 11
4 a y = ​​ ___ ​​ + __ b y = ​​ __ ​​ + ___
​​   ​​
12 4 3 4 12
2x + 3
5 a ​​ __________2 ​​ b ln 9
5 + 3x + x 5 a k = −8 b y = 4 cos 2x − 4x + 1
__
π π √​ 3 ​
( 3)
Exercise 15.10 6 ​​  2 ​​  sin ​​ 3x − __
a y = __ ​   ​ ​​ b y + x = __
​​   ​​ + ​​ ___ ​​
3 3 3
64 16 2 ​​
1 a ​​ ___ ​​ b ​​ ___ ​​ c ​​ __ 7 a −sin x ecos x b −3 ecos x + c
3 3 3
3
d 4.49 e 0.300 f 4 ​​  12​​
__ __
1 ​​   (1 − x2)  ​​  2​​ + c
8 a −3x  (1 − x2)   b −  ​​ __
3
9
2 a ​​ __ ​​ b 0.159
2 3x2
9 a ​​ _______  ​​ b 0.785
c 2 ln 5 d 2.77 (1 + x3)
__
​ 3 ​
√
1 ​​ − ​​ ___
937 32 81 10 a −3 sin x cos2 x b ​​ __  ​​
3 a ​​ ____ ​​ b ​​ ___ ​​ c ​​ ___ ​​ 3 8
12 3 2
11 p=0
253 2368 27
d ​​ ____ ​​ e ​​ _____
 ​​ f ​​ ___ ​​
12 3 2 4 ​​
12 k = ​​ __
3
1 ​​
4 ​​ __ 8
6 13 ​​ __ ​​
__
3
5 2​​√ 2 ​​ − 2
a ​​(−  ​ __
2 )
1 ​  , 0 ​​ 45
14 b ​​ ___ ​​
6 1.31 4
__
7 0.959 2​√3 ​
15 ​​ ____
 ​​ − 1
1 ​​   (e9 + 2) 3
8 k = ​​ __
3
45 7
16 a x = 1, x = 3.5 b ​​ ___ ​​ − 7 ln ​​ __ ​​
4 2
Exercise 15.11 17 a (2, 2)
7
b ​​ __ ​​ − 4 ln 2
2
1 3
32 125 125
2 a ​​ ___ ​​ b ​​ ____
 ​​ c ​​ ____
 ​​
3

32 9
6 6

32
Chapter 16
d ​​ ___ ​​ e ​​ __ ​​ f ​​ ___ ​​
3 2 3 Exercise 16.1
64
3 a 32 b ​​ ___ ​​ 1 a 6 m s−1 b 85 m s−2
3
2 a 6 m s−1 b 10 m s−2
10
4 ​​ ___ ​​
3 3 a 4s b 4 m s−1
64 17
5 a P (0, 8), Q (4, 8) b ​​ ___ ​​ 4 a 9.6 m s−1 b ln ​​ ___ ​​  m
3 12
25
6 a A (−2, 2), B (2, 2)
128
b ​​ ____
 ​​ c −  ​​ ____ ​​  m s−2
3 144

8 π
7 ​​ __ ​​ 5 a ​​ __ ​​  s b 3.03 m s−2
3 2

233
 CAMBRIDGE IGCSE™ ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS: PRACTICE BOOK

6 a 28 m s−1
Exercise 16.3
b v = 3​​​(t + __
​ 1 ​)​​​  ​​ + ___
2
35
​​   ​​ is always positive
3 3 1 a 5.76 m s−1 b 6 m s−1 c 8 m s−2
70 2 a 14 m s −1
b 2s c 9 m s−2
7 a −3 m s−1 b − ​  ___ ​m​
​
3 3 b 242 m s−2
c When t = 5, P has changed direction and is moving back c 8103 m
towards O and passes through O to the opposite side.
4 a 1.41 s
8 a 20 m b 38 m c 21 m __
__
−1 + 3​√ 3 ​
9 a 9ms −1
b 2s c 1,t,3 b v = ​​ _________
 ​​  m s−1, a = −3 − √​​ 3 ​​  m s−2
2
10 a v = 12 − 6t  2, a = −12t
5 a v = 3t 2 − 3, a = 6t
b s = −1, v = 12, [a = 0. The particle started to the left of O
and was travelling to the right at a constant speed 12 m s−1] b The particle is 1 m to the right of O and moving to the left
__ with a velocity 3 m s−1
c t = √​​ 2 ​​ , s = 10.3 m
__ c The particle is 3 m to the right of O and moving to the
d i t > √​​ 2 ​​ ii never
right with a velocity 9 m s−1
d 1 m to the left of O when t = 1
Exercise 16.2
32t 2
47 6 s = ________
​​   ​​
1 a 27 m s−1 b 18 s c ​​ ___ ​​  m 15(t + 1)
3
944 7 a 4 m s−1
d 288 m e ​​ ____
 ​​  m 1 ​​  m s−1
3 b i 4 m s−1 ii ​​ __
5
40 5 10
2 a −  ​​ ____ ​​  m s−2 b −  ​​ ______ ​​ c ​​ ___ ​​  m 1  ​​  m s−2
125 2t + 3 63 c i 0 m s−2 ii −  ​​ ___
50
3 a (6e2 + 1) m s−2 1 ​​   (3e2t + t2 − 3)
b ​​ __
2 d s
c 81 m

​​(6 + ___
​   ​)​​ m, 0.5 m s−2
π2 8
4
9
32
5 a ​​ ___ ​​  m s−1 b t = 2 seconds
3
40
c ​​ ___ ​​  m 4 t
3
16 e 0.160 m
6 a 8 m s−1 b ​​ ___ ​​  m
3
8 a −10 < a < 10 b 4.27 m
c 3.06 d 9.85 m
5
7 a p = 10, q = −8 b s = ​​ __ ​​   t3 − 4t2 + 3t
3
3 110
c ​​ __ ​​ seconds d ​​ ____
 ​​  m
5 3

234