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Inverse Relations and Inverse Functions Part B

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34 views8 pages

Inverse Relations and Inverse Functions Part B

Uploaded by

Annie.Tran31
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Year 11 Extension 1

Topic: Extension Functions


Inverse Relations and Inverse Functions part b

Quicky Review

Question 1: Which one below is a function and has an inverse function?

Question 2: Graph its inverse relation showing all important features

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Question 3:
Suppose： 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 1

a) Define its domain and range


b) Find its inverse relation
c) Define the domain and range of the inverse relation.
d) Graph both relations on the same number plane and determine whether they are functions.

Summary
1. For a relation to be a function, it has to be_____________ or ___________. It has to pass the
____________.
For a relation to have an inverse function, is has to be _____________ or _______________. It has to
pass the __________________. For a relation to be a function and have an inverse function, is has
to be____________________.

2. When a function is many-to-one, that is, its inverse is not a function, it is often convenient to
restrict the domain of the function so that this new restricted function has an inverse function.

3. Relation between the original relation and its inverse

Original Inverse
passes through (a, b) passes through (b, a)
Horizontal intercept: (𝑥, 0) Horizontal intercept: (𝑦, 0)
Vertical intercept: (0, 𝑦) Vertical intercept: (𝑥, 0)
Domain: [𝑐, 𝑑] Domain: [𝑒, 𝑓]
Range: [𝑒, 𝑓] Range: [𝑐, 𝑑]
Vertical Asymptote (if exists): 𝑥 = 𝑔 Vertical Asymptote (if exists): 𝑥 = ℎ
Horizontal Asymptote (if exists) 𝑦 = ℎ Horizontal Asymptote (if exists) 𝑦 = 𝑔

4. We can test 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝑔(𝑥) are inverses of each other by checking 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)) = 𝑔(𝑓(𝑥)) = 𝑥

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5. When finding the inverse, we have to swap the roles of our input and output. The output is
now the input and we change our 𝑥 into 𝑦, and 𝑦 into 𝑥

6. When sketching the inverse, we need to draw the 𝑦 = 𝑥 as a dotted line and reflect our
original relation in the 𝑦 = 𝑥 line. Please include any important feature as suggested from the
table above.

Restrict the domain

As discussed earlier, as long as a function fails the horizontal line test. It only has an inverse relation,
but not an inverse function.

Example 1:
Suppose 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 . The natural domain is 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, but how can we restrict the domain so that it
can have an inverse function? Normally we choose the largest domain possible.

For the function above, there are two ways to do it. All you need to do is make it one-to-one

Way 1

Way 2

Example 2:
The function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 5, find the inverse function by restricting the largest domain possible.

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𝒇 (𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙)) 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒇(𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙))

Do you still remember 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)) and 𝑔(𝑓(𝑥)) are not the same? However 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)) and 𝑔(𝑓(𝑥))
are the same if we 𝑔(𝑥) is the inverse function of 𝑓(𝑥).

Example 3:
𝑥
For the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 and 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = , find 𝑓(𝑓 −1 (𝑥)) and (𝑓 −1 (𝑥)).
2

1. Our finding is _____________________ and we can test 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝑔(𝑥) are inverse fucntions
of each other by checking 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)) = 𝑔(𝑓(𝑥)) = 𝑥

Actually, our finding from Example 14 is not surprising if you consider the two-way thinking process.

An inverse function serves to “undo” another function. That is, if 𝑓(𝑥) produces 𝑦, then
putting 𝑦 into the inverse of 𝑓 produces the output 𝑥. A function 𝑓 that has an inverse is
called invertible and the inverse is denoted by 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).

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Example 4:
Consider the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 − 𝑥 2 and 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = √3 − 𝑥.
Find 𝑓 −1 (𝑓(𝑥)) and 𝑓(𝑓 −1 (𝑥)).

Hence Sketch the graphs of 𝑦 = 𝑓 −1 (𝑓(𝑥)) and 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑓 −1 (𝑥)). Do they look the same?

Example 5:

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HSC Questions

Q1
A given function has an inverse function.
Which statement is true for all points of intersection of these graphs?
A. All points of intersection lie on the line 𝑦 = 𝑥.
B. None of the points of intersection lie on the line 𝑦 = 𝑥.

Q2 2018 HSC 13b

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Q3 2019 HSC 10 MC

More Practice

Question 1:
Given 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥, find one possible inverse function and its domain and range by restricting the
domain.

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Question 2
A function is given as 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 8. It is only defined on the domain 𝑥 ≥ 𝑐.

Find the smallest value of 𝑐 such that the inverse relation is a function.

Question 3
For the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 , Find 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).

Hence find 𝑓(𝑓 −1 (𝑥)) and (𝑓 −1 (𝑥)).

Question 4

Question 5 Challenges:

Homework
▪ Extension 1 MANSW Exercise 1F (You can skip questions involving log and 𝑒 𝑥
▪ Extension 1 New Senior Mathematics Exercises 5.1
▪ Some more questions (see OneNote) if you have time. (I suggest you try as many as
possible, because a lot of them are HSC style questions)
▪ Year 11 Cambridge Extension 1 5F and 5G if you have time

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