A

REPORT ON

A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS STUDY AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE

MEROBAZAR PLATFORM

SUBMITTED BY

TEAM MEMBERS

(SANDHYA MAHARJAN, SHREEYA SHAHI, SAMIKSHA BHATTARAI, AND

NEELAM BOGATI)

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF

MR. HIMAL BHANDARI

SUBMITTED TO

DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT (BBM)

NESFIELD INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE

AFFILIATED TO

TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

LAGENKHEL, NEPAL

2024
 Acknowledgment

This study has been prepared for the partial fulfillment of a Bachelor of Business
Management (BBM). It is our privilege to complete the website review report on
“Merobazar”. It is our pleasure to express our sincere gratitude to our respected
supervisor Mr. Himal Bhandari for his support and guidance throughout the study
process. He had devoted his valuable time and efforts in practically guiding us to
complete this project. His wide knowledge and logical way of thinking have created great
value for us. Therefore, we would like to convey our special thanks to him for his
valuable input.

We would like to express our deep sense of thanks and gratitude towards Nesfield
International College for their guidance and encouragement throughout the completion
of this project work.

Lastly, we would thank everyone associated with us for their constant encouragement
without which this assignment would not have been possible.

Yours Sincerely,

Group Members

2
 Supervisor’s Recommendation

I hereby recommend that this report has been prepared under my supervision by Shreeya
Shahi, Sandhya Maharjan, Neelam Bogati, and Samiksha Bhattarai partial fulfillment of
the requirement for the degree of BBM 7th Semester in E-Commerce be processed for
evaluation.

…………………

Supervisor, Mr. Himal Bhandari

Department of Management

Nesfield International College

 Certificate of Approval

The undersigned certify that they have read and recommended to the department of
management for acceptance the, lab report entitled “Merobazar” submitted by Shreeya
Shahi, Sandhya Maharjan, Neelam Bogati, and Samiksha Bhattarai partial
fulfillment for the degree of Bachelor of Business Management (BBM).

………………………. …………………………

Damodar Niraula Mr. Himal Bhandari

(Coordinator, BBM) (Supervisor)

Nesfield Faculty Member, E-

International College Commerce

Nesfield International
College

……………………….

External Examine
 Abstract

E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services, or the
transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network, primarily the Internet. These
business transactions occur either as business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer
(B2C), consumer-to-consumer or consumer-to-business. Online stores like Amazon,
Flipkart, Shopify, Alibaba, eBay, Taobao, Tmall, and Walmart are examples of E-
commerce websites.

Merobazar allows customers to choose a product (Electronic accessories, Men and

women's clothing) they want, from any supplier, anywhere around the world. You have a
much wider choice and the freedom to browse without any stress or hurry is priceless.

‘Customer service is our motto’ mainly this website is based on this formula. After
choosing electronic items s/he can make payment using various means such as PayPal,
VISA, or MASTER credit cards or any Debit cards, or Cash on Delivery options on this
website.

Merobazar is focused on a variety of products all around the world.

 Table of Contents

Acknowledgment.................................................................................................................II

Supervisor’s Recommendation..........................................................................................III

Certificate of Approval......................................................................................................IV

Abstract...............................................................................................................................V

Table of Contents...............................................................................................................VI

List of Figures.................................................................................................................VIII

Chapter 1: Introduction........................................................................................................1

1.1 About Internet, Intranet, and Extranet........................................................................1

1.2 About Web Page and Web Site..................................................................................1

1.3 Client/Server Model...................................................................................................2

1.4 E-Commerce..............................................................................................................2

1.5 E-Commerce in Nepal................................................................................................4

1.6 Objectives of the Project............................................................................................5

Chapter 2: Literature Review...............................................................................................6

Chapter 3: Analysis..............................................................................................................8

3.1 Analysis of the Current and Traditional Systems......................................................8

3.2 Problem of statement..................................................................................................8

3.3 Requirements Analysis...............................................................................................8

3.3.1 Functional Requirements................................................................................................

3.3.2 Non-Functional Requirements........................................................................................

3.4 Feasibility Analysis..................................................................................................10

3.4.1 Technical Feasibility.....................................................................................................

3.4.2 Economic Feasibility....................................................................................................

3.4.3 Operational Feasibility..................................................................................................

Chapter 4: Design...............................................................................................................11
 4.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................11

4.2 Wire Frame Design..................................................................................................11

4.3 Use Case Diagrams..................................................................................................11

Chapter 5: E-Commerce Configuration and Setup............................................................13

5.1 Control Management System (CMS) Selection.......................................................13

5.2 XAMPP Installation and Database Creation............................................................13

5.2.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................

5.2.2 XAMPP Setup..............................................................................................................

Chapter 6 “Merobazar”......................................................................................................18

6.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................18

6.2 Home page setup......................................................................................................19

6.2.1 Appearance...................................................................................................................

6.2.2 Plugins..........................................................................................................................

6.3 Adding Products to e-commerce site.......................................................................20

6.4 Payment Gateway Setup..........................................................................................23

6.4.1 Payment Method Used..................................................................................................

6.5 Shipping Management.............................................................................................24

6.6 Tax Setup.................................................................................................................25

Chapter 7: Project Finalization...........................................................................................27

7.1 Finalizing the product..............................................................................................27

7.2 Testing......................................................................................................................27

Chapter 8: Conclusion and lesson Learned........................................................................30

8.1 Conclusion................................................................................................................30

8.2 Lesson Learned........................................................................................................30

References..........................................................................................................................31
 List of Figures

Figure 1: Use Case Diagrams........................................................................................................

Figure 2: Setup...............................................................................................................................
Figure 3: Control panel..................................................................................................................
Figure 4: Database creation...........................................................................................................
Figure 5: Extraction path...............................................................................................................
Figure 6:Application......................................................................................................................
Figure 7: Application.....................................................................................................................
Figure 8: Product...........................................................................................................................
Figure 9: Items...............................................................................................................................
Figure 10: Payment method...........................................................................................................
Figure 11: Shipping.......................................................................................................................
Figure 12: Setting..........................................................................................................................
Figure 13: WordPress Login..........................................................................................................
Figure 14: Shopping cart...............................................................................................................
Figure 15: Checkout......................................................................................................................
Figure 16: Shipping options...........................................................................................................
Figure 17: Payment options...........................................................................................................
 1

Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 About Internet, Intranet, and Extranet

The internet is a vast global network of interconnected networks (internetworks). It spans

the entire globe and facilitates communication and information exchange. Initially, it was
developed as a network for the U.S. Department of Defense, later expanded to connect
university professors, scientists, and eventually the general public. No individual or group
owns the Internet; it’s a collaborative effort. Most people access the Internet through
Internet service providers (ISPs), which offer temporary connections to retail subscribers.
It enables rapid information retrieval, communication, and client/server computing. (The
Internet, Intranets, and Extranets)

An intranet is a private network accessible only within an organization. It connects LANs

(Local Area Networks) and WANs (Wide Area Networks) within the organization. It is
restricted to authorized personnel (employees, members, etc.) and is used for internal
communication, document sharing, collaboration, and resource management.

An extranet extends from an intranet to include external parties. It’s a part of the intranet
accessible to authorized external users (such as vendors, partners, or customers). It
enables collaboration between internal and external stakeholders. Access is controlled,
and sensitive information is shared securely.

1.2 About Web Page and Web Site

A web page is a single document accessible via a web browser (such as Firefox, Google
Chrome, or Safari). It’s a text document written in HTML. Web pages can include
various types of content, such as text, images, videos, or other code. Each web page
corresponds to a specific address or URL on the Internet. A URL is nothing more than the
address of a unique resource on the Web. Each valid URL points to something specific,
like an HTML page, a CSS document, an image, or other content.

A website is a collection of interconnected web pages grouped under a common domain

name. It’s a cohesive unit comprising multiple web pages. They can include various types
of content, such as articles, columns, images, and other resources. Websites organize
 2

related information and provide navigation between different pages. (Webpage vs.
Website – What’s the Difference? - Writing Explained)

1.3 Client/Server Model

The Client-server model is a distributed application structure that partitions tasks or

workloads between the providers of a resource or service, called servers, and service
requesters called clients. In the client-server architecture, when the client computer sends
a request for data to the server through the internet, the server accepts the requested
process and delivers the data packets requested back to the client. Clients do not share any
of their resources. Examples of the Client-Server Model are Email, the World Wide Web,
etc. (Client-Server Model)

1.4 E-Commerce

E-commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services over the Internet. It is
conducted over computers, tablets, smartphones, and other smart devices. Almost
anything can be purchased through e-commerce today, which makes e-commerce highly
competitive. E-commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic
funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction
processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and
automated data collection systems. It can be a substitute for brick-and-mortar stores,
though some businesses choose to maintain both. (E-commerce Defined: Types, History,
and Examples (investopedia.com), What is E-commerce? | IBM)

Following are the most traditional types of e-commerce models and examples of what
they mean:

1. Business to Consumer (B2C):

B2C e-commerce is the most popular e-commerce model. Business to the consumer
means that the sale is taking place between a business and a consumer, like when you buy
something from an online retailer.
 3

2. Business to Business (B2B):

B2B e-commerce refers to a business selling a good or service to another business, like a
manufacturer and wholesaler, or a wholesaler and a retailer. Business-to-business e-
commerce isn’t consumer-facing and usually involves products like raw materials,
software, or products that are combined. Manufacturers also sell directly to retailers via
B2B e-commerce.

3. Business to Government (B2G):

Some entities specialize as government contractors providing goods or services to
agencies or administrations. Similar to a B2B relationship, the business produces items of
value and remits those items to an entity.

B2G e-commerce companies must often meet government requests for proposal
requirements, solicit bids for projects, and meet very specific product or service criteria.
In addition, there may be joint government endeavors to solicit a single contract through a
government-wide acquisition contract.

4. Consumer to Consumer (C2C):

C2C e-commerce refers to the sale of a good or service to another consumer. Consumer-
to-consumer sales take place on platforms like eBay, Etsy, Fiver, etc.

5. Consumer to Business (C2B):

C2B e-commerce is the inversion of the traditional B2C model. In this type of e-
commerce transaction, individual consumers offer products or services to businesses. This
model is most often seen in freelance or gig economy platforms, where businesses can
hire individuals for various tasks or projects.

6. Consumer to Government (C2G):

Less of a traditional e-commerce relationship, consumers can interact with
administrations, agencies, or governments through C2G partnerships. These partnerships
are often not in the exchange of service but rather, the transaction of obligation.

For example, uploading your federal tax return to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
digital website is an e-commerce transaction regarding an exchange of information.
Alternatively, you may pay your tuition to your university online or remit property tax
assessments to your county assessor.
 4

1.5 E-Commerce in Nepal

It has already been over two decades since e-commerce began in Nepal. Thanks to the
advancement in information technology and its wide reach, by now, there are thousands
of e-commerce sites running in Nepal. As of August, last year, there were already more
than 40,000 registered commercial websites in Nepal.

Many Nepalis, mainly urban masses and youth have also adapted to online shopping
during these years. In addition, the popularity and significance of the e-commerce sites
skyrocketed during the recent lockdown imposed to control the COVID-19 spread in the
country. And, it is still growing more and more.

This has made the competition intense within the e-commerce sites. Amid this scenario,
some of the e-commerce sites have been successful in marking their worth in the market.

In June 2020, the Ministry of Industry, Commerce & Supplies completed a draft E-
Commerce Bill. Following other Ministries’ review, the bill will be presented for cabinet
approval and then presented to Parliament to be enacted into law.

Post is not aware of any sites promoting B2B eCommerce. Like all forms of eCommerce
in Nepal, B2B eCommerce is in a nascent stage. While B2C is picking up pace, secure
electronic payment systems are still being built up. Deliveries generally operate based on
calling up the client and requesting directions to the delivery address.
 5

1.6 Objectives of the Project

• Easy accessibility of fashion wears

• Customer Satisfaction

• Quality Products

• Designer Fashion Wears

• Time-Saving

• Affordable Price
 6

Chapter 2: Literature Review

Nepal is on the verge of e-commerce success, due to the impact and introduction of
cutting-edge technology from both neighboring nations and overseas. E-commerce
appears to be in good form in Nepal. Shopping online and using online services attract a
large number of people. There are a lot of new online services and e-commerce portals
coming up. Due to the growing number of e-commerce websites in Nepal, competition is
expanding day by day, which will improve the future of e-commerce in Nepal. Nepal's e-
commerce industry is still in its development. It has just lately begun to grow. Despite the
reality that governments were reticent to acknowledge e-commerce as a business, some of
the FinTech businesses that provide digital payment and gateway services like online
transactions have played a vital role in encouraging traditional buyers to migrate online.

The Covid-19 scenario has accelerated the process of Nepali consumers' buying
preferences and behaviors (Puri, 2020). Gyapu started in Nepal during the COVID-19
pandemic as one of the new e-commerce businesses. It has been able to serve a significant
number of consumers in a short duration. Unlike Daraz, which has a headquarters outside
of Nepal, Gyapu intends to grow its operations throughout Central Asia from its
headquarters in Nepal. Making a recorded business strategy to expand outside borders, on
the other hand, is a lot more convenient than actually carrying it out by cross-border
procedures and rules. (Puri, 2020)

The Nepalese e-commerce business has a high level of online buying awareness. New
marketplace entrepreneurs, on the other hand, should be aware that the Nepali e-
commerce sector is far from saturated. Before exploring cross-border prospects, emerging
companies should go beyond Kathmandu and involve significantly minor vendors in a
real worth logistics system. More certainty and authenticity in terms of satisfaction are
needed. (Puri, 2020)

Despite the dread and gloom, the e-commerce business experienced tremendous growth
throughout the pandemic's 1st and 2nd phases. With the extensive use of virtual meetings,
social distancing, and face masks, as well as a massive immunization drive against Covid-
19, the year 2021 will be recognized as a watershed point for the e-commerce platform
and its customers. Following the first shutdown on March 24, 2020, the number of Nepali
e-commerce users continued to grow. People began buying online in greater numbers
 7

since they were obliged to stay at home during the second lockdown, which began on
April 29, 2021, and lasted four months. Even though the marketplaces reopened after
stay-at-home orders were phased out in September, e-vendors were able to keep their
clients and their company did not suffer.

According to e-commerce businesses, people have gained more confidence in the services
supplied by e-retailers. When compared to the previous year, marketplace demand for
online was strong during the 2nd shutdown because consumers became much more
confident in the services delivered online. (Otaru & Enegesel)

As per M.D of Daraz Nepal, Lino Ahlering, requests for e-commerce services peaked
during the shutdown as more people came to believe in e-commerce services. Multiple
factors, such as the increasing use of social commercial transactions, quick and on-time
delivery, and the increasing adoption of electronic transactions paired therewith higher
internet access, are all contributing to the growth. As per Nepal Rastra Bank, between
mid-October and mid-November 2021, internet transactions totaled Rs. 4.93 trillion, up
from Rs. 2 hundred billion in the same period last season. The transaction volume grew to
48.66 million during the study, up from 34 million the prior year. Digital literacy, digital
divide, and trust, according to digital payment entrepreneurs, are the industry's biggest
challenges. People still believe in cash transactions, so it's all about behavioral change
when it comes to trust.
 8

Chapter 3: Analysis
3.1 Analysis of the Current and Traditional Systems

E-commerce is the term for commercial transactions or information exchange that

involves the buying or selling of goods or services electronically with the assistance of
the Internet, as opposed to traditional commerce, which is defined as the buying or selling
of goods or services from person to person without the use of the internet.

While e-commerce is accessible 24/7/365, traditional commerce is only accessible for a

set period each day. Approximately 95% of consumers have been shown to peruse
internet reviews before deciding which goods or services to purchase. For traditional
shops to make more strategic judgments, they must be aware of this since it directly
influences how customers make decisions.

3.2 Problem of statement

• Insufficient supply of high-quality goods

• Absence of logical client

• Insufficient mediators between supply and demand

• Absence of a skilled designer

• Pattern/Trend

3.3 Requirements Analysis

• Simple access for clients

• Interaction

• Products of choice

• Varieties

• Economical/ Cost effective

3.3.1 Functional Requirements

A functional requirement outlines the specific capabilities and functionalities that a
system or application must possess to meet the needs of its users. It defines the expected
 9

behavior and outcomes of the system. For Fashion wear/Merobazar the functional
requirements can be categorized from two perspectives: business and customer.

3.3.1.1 Business Perspective

• Product Management

• Administrative Control

• Reporting and Analytics

• Responsive Design

• Security and Performance

3.3.1.2 Customer Perspective

• Product Information

• Checkout and Payment

• Business Information

• Customer Support

3.3.2 Non-Functional Requirements

3.3.2.1 Hardware Specifications

•Pentium-IV (Processor)

• 4 GB RAM or higher

• 512 KB Cache Memory

• Hard disk 1 TB or higher

3.3.2.2 Software Prerequisites:

• XAMPP

• Web Server Environment: MySQL

• Web Server Software

• Operating System

Microsoft Windows 10
 10

Web Browser Compatibility

Firefox

Microsoft Edge

Mobile browsers (Chrome for Android, Safari for iOS)

3.4 Feasibility Analysis

A feasibility study is a critical evaluation that assesses the viability and practicality of a
proposed project or system. It aims to identify potential strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, and threats associated with the implementation. For the fashion wears /
Merobazar, the feasibility analysis has been conducted across the following dimensions:

3.4.1 Technical Feasibility

In theory, Merobazar is possible. Customers and company owners alike may rely on it.
Both parties' contact will be unhindered because it is secure. We have all of the
technological resources needed to construct the website.

3.4.2 Economic Feasibility

Making the website is simple and inexpensive. Less human resources are utilized, and it
is simple to further analyze payments made via the systems. The system will measure
costs and revenues to compute cash flow and profit. Technology is less expensive than
other things.

3.4.3 Operational Feasibility

It is simple to operate and requires very little expertise or training. This system demands
less money because it uses fewer human resources. We can guarantee you that we have
the team management skills necessary to launch the website and keep it running daily.
 11

Chapter 4: Design
4.1 Introduction

It involves setting up an online store so that your company may offer digital goods to
specific customers. Planning, conceiving, and arranging your products and information
for optimal online presentation are essential steps in designing an e-commerce website.

In the world of graphics, design is the process of organizing and arranging the
components of a picture, illustration, or video with the help of specialized programs like
Adobe Photoshop. Designed graphics can be made from scratch or by altering already-
existing pictures.

4.2 Wire Frame Design

A method for designing a website service at the structural level is wireframing. When
organizing functionality and content on a page, wireframes are frequently used to
consider user journeys and needs. Using wireframes early in the development process.

4.3 Use Case Diagrams

A use case diagram can help provide an overview of the system and in defining the roles
and responsibilities of each person.
 12

Use case diagrams illustrate the relationship between use cases and actors by combining
them with use cases.

• The aim is to demonstrate the interactions between Merobazar actor and the use case.

• To depict the system needs from the viewpoint of the user.

• An external system or the system's end user could be an actor.

Figure 1: Use Case Diagrams

 13

Chapter 5: E-Commerce Configuration and Setup

5.1 Control Management System (CMS) Selection

The online shopping is a single vendor website, which is made on WordPress CMS
platform. WordPress is a free and open-source website building platform. It is a Content
Management System (CMS) that is written in PHP with a MYSQL database. It is the
easiest and most powerful blog and web builder that exists today. WordPress is a user-
friendly platform that simplifies the process of building a website. It offers a wide range
of customizable templates and themes, allowing users to create a visually appealing
website without any coding knowledge.

With its intuitive interface, users can easily add and edit content, such as text, images, and
videos, using a simple editor similar to a word processor. Additionally, WordPress
provides plugins that extend functionality, enabling users to add features like contact
forms, e-commerce capabilities, and social media integration with just a few clicks.
Overall, WordPress streamlines the website-building process, making it accessible to
beginners while offering enough flexibility for more experienced users to create unique
and professional websites.

5.2 XAMPP Installation and Database Creation

The cost of buying domain name, hosting space and web hosting is expensive, so we have
to set up the local server environment in our computing device i.e., computer where
Apache server and MYSQL has been automatically set up in our system after the XAMPP
installation which makes easy in website building.

5.2.1 Introduction
XAMPP is a software package that facilitates the setup of a local web server environment
on your computer, which is essential for testing and developing websites offline. To
install XAMPP, you typically download the installer from the official website and follow
the on-screen instructions. Once installed, you can start the Apache and MySQL modules,
which are necessary for running websites and managing databases, respectively. With
XAMPP running, you can access the control panel through a web browser to configure
various settings and manage your server.
 14

5.2.2 XAMPP Setup

Download and Install XAMPP:
1. Download XAMPP installer from Apache Friends website.
2. Run the installer and follow on-screen instructions.
3. Choose components to install (Apache, MySQL, PHP, phpMyAdmin)
4. Start Apache and MySQL modules in the XAMPP control panel.
5. Verify installation by accessing http://localhost/ in a web browser.
6. Access phpMyAdmin via http://localhost/phpmyadmin/ to manage databases.
7. Test PHP by creating a PHP file in the "htdocs" directory and accessing it through
the browser.
8. Optionally, configure additional settings such as virtual hosts or PHP settings as
needed.

Figure 2: Setup

To start Apache and MySQL services:

1. Open XAMPP Control Panel.

2. Click "Start" next to Apache and MySQL.
3. Look for green indicators to confirm successful startup.
 15

Figure 3: Control panel

To create a MySQL database for WordPress:

1. Go to "http://localhost/phpmyadmin" in your web browser.

2. Log in using username "root" (leave the password field empty if you didn't set
one).

3. Click "Databases" and name your WordPress database (e.g., "WordPress").

4. Click "Create" to finish creating the database.

 16

Figure 4: Database creation

To download and install WordPress:

1. Get the latest version from wordpress.org.

2. Extract the downloaded zip file to "htdocs" in XAMPP's directory (e.g., "C:\
xampp\htdocs" on Windows).
3. Rename the extracted WordPress folder to your preferred site name (e.g.,
"Merobazar").

Figure 5: Extraction path

 17

Configure WordPress:
1. Open your web browser and type "http://localhost/mywebsite" (replace "Sportify"
with the folder name you chose) in the address bar.
2. Follow the on-screen instructions to set up WordPress. You'll need to provide the
database name ("WordPress"), username ("root"), password (leave blank if no
password set), database host ("localhost"), and table prefix (you can leave it as
"wp_").
3. Complete the WordPress installation by providing your site title, username,
password, and email address.

Access Your WordPress Dashboard:

1. Once WordPress is installed, you can access the WordPress dashboard by going to
"http://localhost/Sportify/wp-admin" in your web browser.
2. Log in using the username and password you set during the installation process.
3. You can now start customizing your WordPress website, installing themes, adding
plugins, and creating content.

Figure 6:Application
 18

Chapter 6 “Merobazar”

6.1 Introduction

Welcome to Merobazar, your premier destination for all your online shopping needs. At
Merobazar, we strive to provide you with a seamless and enjoyable shopping experience,
offering a wide range of products curated to cater to your diverse tastes and preferences.
With a commitment to quality, reliability, and customer satisfaction, we aim to be your
trusted partner in fulfilling your shopping desires. Whether you're looking for fashion-
forward clothing, cutting-edge electronics, or iconic fashion wears, Merobazar has got
you covered. Shop with confidence and convenience at Merobazar, where your
satisfaction is our top priority.

Figure 7: Application
 19

6.2 Home page setup

The following modules that have been used in order to change the home page are as
follows:

6.2.1 Appearance
"Appearance" on your website encompasses the visual elements that shape its identity and
user experience. Here's what it entails:

Themes: Pre-designed templates defining layout, color, typography, and style. Choose
from a vast selection to tailor your site's look.

Customization Options: Personalize your site's appearance with header/footer design,

color schemes, logos, fonts, and background images.

Menus: Organize navigation with custom menus. Add pages, posts, categories, and links,
arranging them for easy access.

Widgets: Enhance functionality with small content blocks. Include search bars, recent
posts, social media links, and more in designated areas of your theme.

6.2.2 Plugins
Plugins employed in e-commerce serve as software components or modules that expand
the capabilities of an e-commerce platform like WooCommerce for WordPress or
Magento. Tailored to augment specific functionalities, these plugins enhance the
shopping experience for both customers and merchants. They integrate seamlessly to
offer an array of features, tools, and integrations, contributing to a more robust and
tailored e-commerce environment. The followings are the common plugins used in E-
commerce website.

WooCommerce:

WooCommerce is a powerful plugin for WordPress that transforms your website into a
fully functional e-commerce store. It enables you to sell physical and digital products,
manage inventory, process payments, and handle shipping and tax calculations. With a
user-friendly interface and extensive customization options, WooCommerce empowers
merchants to create and manage their online stores efficiently.

Payment Gateways:
 20

Payment gateway plugins facilitate secure online transactions by integrating various

payment methods into your e-commerce website. These plugins support popular payment
processors such as PayPal, Stripe, authorize.Net, and others, allowing customers to make
purchases using their preferred payment method.

Shipping and Delivery:

Shipping and delivery plugins streamline the shipping process by providing tools to
manage shipping rates, print shipping labels, track orders, and offer shipping options to
customers. They integrate with major shipping carriers like UPS, FedEx, USPS, and DHL
to calculate shipping costs accurately based on factors like weight, destination, and
shipping method.

Product Management:

Product management plugins help organize and showcase your products effectively on
your e-commerce site. They offer features for adding product attributes, variations,
images, descriptions, and pricing, making it easy to create and update product listings.
Additionally, these plugins may include features for managing product categories, tags,
attributes, and inventory levels.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM):

CRM plugins allow you to track and manage customer interactions, preferences, and
purchase history within your e-commerce platform. They enable personalized marketing
campaigns, customer segmentation, email automation, and customer support
management, fostering better relationships with your customers. CRM plugins may
integrate with email marketing platforms like Mailchimp, HubSpot, or Salesforce to
synchronize customer data and streamline marketing efforts.

6.3 Adding Products to e-commerce site

Adding a product to your e-commerce platform typically involves several steps. Here's a
simplified guide:

1. Access the Dashboard: Log in to your e-commerce platform's admin dashboard.

This could be WooCommerce for WordPress, Magento admin panel, Shopify
dashboard, etc.
 21

2. Navigate to Products: Find the section dedicated to managing products. It's

usually labeled "Products" or something similar. Click on it to access product
management.

3. Add New Product: Look for an option to add a new product. It may be a button
like "Add New" or "Create Product." Click on it to start adding a new product.

4. Enter Product Details: Fill in the required fields for your product:

 Product Name: Enter the name/title of your product.

 Description: Write a detailed description of the product.

 Price: Set the price of the product.

 Categories/Tags: Assign relevant categories and tags to help organize and

search for the product.

 Images: Upload high-quality images of the product.

 Variations: If your product has different options (e.g., size, color), add
variations and specify their attributes.

5. Set Product Attributes: Depending on your platform, you may have options to
set additional attributes such as SKU (Stock Keeping Unit), weight, dimensions,
and inventory management (stock quantity, stock status).

6. Save and Preview Product: Once you've entered all the necessary information,
save or publish the product. This action may be labeled as "Save," "Publish," or
"Update." Before making the product live, preview it to ensure everything looks
correct. Some platforms offer a preview option to see how the product will appear
to customers.
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Figure 8: Product

Figure 9: Items
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6.4 Payment Gateway Setup

E-commerce sites utilize electronic payments, or e-payments, as a means of conducting

transactions or settling bills online, eliminating the need for physical checks or cash.
These payments involve the transfer of funds via electronic or digital mediums, offering
speed and efficiency with transactions typically occurring instantaneously. This secure
mode of payment has transformed business operations by streamlining processes,
reducing paperwork, transaction costs, and labor expenses. E-payments are user-friendly
and significantly less time-consuming than manual processing, facilitating market
expansion for businesses. An e-payment system enables transactions and purchases of
goods/services through electronic methods. A crucial component of this system is the
Payment Gateway, an online payment processing technology that enables businesses to
accept credit cards and electronic checks securely.

6.4.1 Payment Method Used

In e-commerce websites, various payment methods, or modules, are available for
customers to choose from. These modules may be free or require payment, each offering
its unique features and benefits. Users can select the modules that best suit their
preferences. Here are the payment modules commonly used in these sites:

 Cash on Delivery
 Fonepay
 Payment by cheque
 E-sewa
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Figure 10: Payment method

6.5 Shipping Management

Managing shipments in WooCommerce involves setting up shipping options, configuring

shipping zones, adding shipping methods, and managing orders with shipping details

 Log in to your WordPress dashboard.

 Go to WooCommerce > Settings > Shipping to access the shipping settings.
 In the "Shipping Options" section, configure general settings such as shipping
destination (where you ship to), shipping calculation (per item, per order, etc.),
and shipping tax (if applicable).
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Figure 11: Shipping

6.6 Tax Setup

To set up taxes in your WooCommerce store:

1. Log in to your WordPress dashboard.

2. Navigate to WooCommerce > Settings > Tax.

3. In the "Tax Options" section, ensure that the "Enable taxes and tax calculations"
option is checked to activate tax calculation.

4. Depending on your tax structure (standard or reduced rates), click on the

"Standard Rates" tab or "Reduced Rate" tab.

5. Click on the "Add Rate" button to create a new tax rate.

6. Provide details such as the tax rate name (e.g., Sales Tax, VAT), tax class
(standard or reduced rate), country, state (if applicable), ZIP/postcode range
(optional), and tax rate percentage.

7. Save the tax rate to add it to your tax settings.

8. After defining tax rates, you can apply taxes to individual products or product
categories as needed.
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Figure 12: Setting

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Chapter 7: Project Finalization

7.1 Finalizing the product

The project has been completed with dedication and meticulous effort, ensuring a user-
friendly experience for all customers visiting the website. Products are categorized based
on brand, season, gender, and other factors, aiding customers in navigating and selecting
their desired items. To enhance convenience, currency localization has been
implemented. Additionally, popular products are showcased, and a homepage slider is
incorporated to attract customer attention and encourage purchases. The inclusion of a
logo and theme further enhances the website's identity and recognition.

7.2 Testing

Testing is an essential process in software development aimed at identifying errors and

ensuring that the program functions as expected. It involves executing the program with a
predefined set of test cases to evaluate its output. This helps ensure the program functions
correctly.

Step1: Visit the website

Step2: Login with email or register

Figure 13: WordPress Login

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Step3: Add to cart /buy the product

Figure 14: Shopping cart

Step 4: Payment can be done through bank transfer, cash on delivery etc.
 29

Figure 15: Checkout

Figure 16: Shipping options

Figure 17: Payment options

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Chapter 8: Conclusion and lesson Learned

8.1 Conclusion

Ecommerce has been an essential platform for business to flourish and mass advertise
their products. Due to the effective use of internet and social media e commerce business
are growing day by day. Since, online shopping is growing day by day. The main
objective of this report is to develop e-commerce platform and testing it. After doing this
we are able to create our own new e-commerce platform and can bring in operation in
near future.

8.2 Lesson Learned

After the website development and report writing. We got various information regarding
e-commerce. Some of the lesson that we learnt are as follows:

 Website development.

 Discovered the strength and weakness of the website.

 Learnt to communicate with people.

 Learnt to work and coordinate with team members.

 Learnt to plan and manage time.

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References

Adhikary, S. S. (n.d.). E-Commerce.

Client-Server Model. (n.d.).

E-commerce Defined: Types, History, and Examples (investopedia.com), What is E-

commerce? | IBM. (n.d.).

Otaru & Enegesel. (n.d.). 2021.

Puri. (2020).

The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets. (n.d.). Workforce LibreTexts.

Webpage vs. Website – What’s the Difference? - Writing Explained. (n.d.).

WordPress v6.4.3: https://wordpress.org/download/

XAMPP v8.1.25 / PHP 8.1.25: https://www.apachefriends.org/download.html

How to Create an eCommerce Website with WordPress FREE – ONLINE STORE 2022:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eaUi2Ri9wHo