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14 views

Null 6

Uploaded by

erkm1973
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ExpNo.

11

Date- 7/7/21. 9/7/21

Aim: THE SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE SALT –Lead acetate.

I. PRELIMINARY TESTS

Sln EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. Appearance/color- note the White in color Absence of


color of the salt. copper,nickel,manganese
and iron salts.
2. Smell-note the smell of the No Ammoniacal Absence of
salt. odour ammonium,oxalate
3. SOLUBILITY Soluble May be Sulphate, Nitrate,
Chloride or Ammonium
A little salt is taken in a test-tube Carbonate or acetate
and shaken with water.

4. ACTION OF HEAT: No characteristic Absence of


coloured flame ammonium,oxalate
A small amount of the salt is
heated gently in a dry test tube.

5. FLAME TEST:A small amount No characteristic Absence of Copper,


of the salt is made into a paste coloured flame Calcium, strontium and
with conc. HCl in a watch glass Barium.
and introduced into the non-
luminous part of the Bunsen
flame.

II. TESTS FOR ACID RADICALS

6 ACTION OF DIL Colourless vapours Presence of acetate ion.


HCl/DILH2SO4 with smell of
vinegar. Vapours
To a small amount of dilute HCl
the salt is added. turn blue litmus
red.
7 ACTION OF NaOH: No characteristic Absence of
change. copper,nickel,manganese
A small amount of the salt is and iron salts
added with Sodium Hydroxide

8 Action of Conc. H2SO4 Fruity odour Presence of acetate ion

To a small amount of
Conc.H2SO4 the salt is added and

Heated with ethanol.

III. TESTS WITH SODIUM CARBONATE EXTRACT


9. PREPARATION OF SODIUM CARBONATE EXTRACT:

A small amount of salt is mixed with twice the amount of sodium carbonate and 20ml of distilled
water is added, boiled for 10 minutes, cooled and filtered. The filtrate is called “SODIUM
CARBONATE EXTRACT”.

S. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE


No

10 SILVER NITRATE TEST: No curdy white Absence of Chloride.


precipitate, soluble in
To a few drops of the extract excess of Ammonium
dilute Nitric Acid is added until hydroxide
the effervescence ceases and 2 ml
of Silver Nitrate solution is
added.

11 ESTERIFICATION Fruity odour Acetate is confirmed.


TEST:

Take 0.1 g of salt in a china


dish. Add 1 mL of ethanol
and 0.2 mL conc. H2SO4
and heat.
12 FERRIC CHLORIDE TEST: Take 0.1 g of salt in Acetate is confirmed.
a test tube, add 1-2
Take 0.1 g of salt in a test mL distilled
tube, add 1-2 mL distilled water, shake well
water, shake well filter if filter if necessary.
necessary. Add 1 to 2 mL Add 1 to 2 mL
neutral ferric chloride neutral** ferric
solution to the filtrate. chloride solution to
the filtrate.

13. PREPARATION OF ORIGINAL SOLUTION:


The original solution is prepared by dissolving the salt in water( When the salt is water soluble)
# Dil. HCl or Dil. HNO3 (When the salt is water insoluble)
14. GROUP IDENTIFICATION

S. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE


No

1 Analysis of Zero group cation smell of ammonia is Absence of group zero


(NH4 + ion) absent, this indicates cations
(a) Take 0.1 g of salt in a test tube the absence of
and add 1-2 mL of NaOH solution ammonium ions. Bring
to it and heat a glass rod dipped in
(b) Pass the gas through Nessler’s hydrochloric acid near
reagent. the mouth of the test
tube. No precipitate is
obtained.
2 Analysis of First group cation a white precipitate Presence of group first
(Pb 2+ ion) appears cations
Take a small amount of original
solution ( if prepared in hot conc.
HCl) in a test tube and add cold
water to it and cool the test tube
under tap water.Then add dilute
hydrochloric acid.
V. CONFIRMATORY TESTS FOR BASIC RADICALS

Chemistry of Confirmatory Tests for Pb 2+ ion


S. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
No

1 To a few drops of the original Yellow precipitate. Lead is confirmed.


solution Potassium Chromate is
added.

2 Add potassium iodide solution to Yellow precipitate Lead is confirmed.


the original solution.Boilthe soluble in hot water
solution and cool it under the tap which reappears as
water. golden yellow spangles
on cooling.

3 To the third part of the hot white precipitate is Lead is confirmed.


solution add few drops of alcohol obtained
and dilute sulphuric acid. which is soluble in
ammoniumacetate
solution.

RESULT
The given simple salt contains

1. Basic Radical : Pb 2+

2. Acid Radical : CH3COO-

The given simple salt is : lead acetate

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