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PH of Samples

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Saksham Sharma
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33 views

PH of Samples

Uploaded by

Saksham Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Table of Contents

• Aim
• Materials required
• Theory
• Procedure
• Observation
• Result and Conclusion
• Precautions to be taken during the experiment
• Viva Voce

Aim:
To determine the pH of the given samples using pH paper or universal indicator. The
samples whose pH has to be determined are-

1. Dilute CH3COOH
2. Dilute NaOH
3. Salt NaCl
4. Dilute NaHCO3
5. Water
6. Lemon juice

Materials required:

1. Six test tubes


2. Test tube stand
3. Dilute acid CH3COOH
4. Dilute base NaOH
5. Salt NaCl (preparation: dissolve 1 gram salt in 10 mL distilled water)
6. Water
7. Lemon juice
8. Dilute NaHCO3
9. Glass rod
10. Measuring cylinder (10 mL)
11. Standard pH colour chart
12. pH paper
13. Glass rod
14. Dropper
15. Universal indicator

Theory:

What is pH?

pH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration to determine the alkalinity or acidity


of a solution.

• If the pH value of a solution is less than 7 it is an acidic solution


• If the pH value of a solution is greater than 7 it is a basic solution
• If the pH value of a solution is equal to 7 it is a neutral solution

What is pH scale?

The pH scale consists of values which range from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very alkaline).
The numbers on the scale help to determine the hydrogen ion concentration.

What is pH paper?

pH paper can help us to know if a solution is basic, acidic or neutral. When the pH
paper is dipped into a solution whose pH has to be determined, a colour will be
developed. This colour is compared with the standard pH colour chart. Instead of pH
paper, we can also use universal indicator paper or universal indicator solution.

What is universal indicator?

A universal indicator is a mix of pH indicator solutions that are designed to determine


the pH of solutions over a wide range of values. Put a drop of solution on the universal
pH indicator paper. The colour developed on the paper is matched with the standard
pH colour chart.
pH value chart:
Importance of pH in daily life

Experimental Setup:
Procedure:

1. Wash six test tubes with distilled water and put them on test tube stand and
label them A, B, C, D, E, F.
2. Add 2ml of CH3COOH in test tube A, Add 2ml of NaOH in test tube B, Add 2ml of
NaCl in test tube C, Add 2ml of NaHCO3 in test tube D, Add 2ml of Water in test
tube E, Add 2ml of Lemon juice in test tube F.
3. Take white tile, place 6 pH paper and label them A, B, C, D, E, F.
4. Use a dropper or glass rod to put the respective sample solutions on the
labelled pH paper placed on the white tile.
5. Observe the colour change.

Observation:

Sample Colour on pH paper

A Orange

B Dark blue

C Green

D Light blue

E Green

F Pink
Result and Conclusion:

Test tube Solution pH colour paper pH Nature

Sample A CH3COOH Orange 3 Weak acid

Sample B NaOH Dark blue 14 Strong base

Sample C NaCl Green 7 Neutral

Sample D NaHCO3 Light blue 9 Weak base

Sample E Water Green 7 Neutral

Sample F Lemon juice Pink 2 Weak acid

Precautions to be taken during the experiment:

• Use freshly prepared test sample for the experiment.


• The fruit juice sample should also be fresh to get the proper pH values.
• Glass rod or dropper used for one sample should be washed thoroughly before
using it for the other samples.
Viva Voce:

1. Who was the first scientist to introduce pH?


Ans: Soren Peder Lauritz Sorensen a Danish chemist.
2. Define the pH of a solution.
Ans: It is a measure of the basic or acidic power of a solution. It is a scale to
measure the hydrogen ion concentration in the solution. Lower the hydrogen
ion concentration higher is the pH.
3. What is the pH of pure water at 25 °C?
Ans: 7.
4. There are two solutions with different pH values. Solution A has a pH value 6
and solution B has a pH value 5. Which solution is more acidic?
Ans: Solution B whose pH value is 5 is more acidic.
5. If the pH value of a solution is 9 then what is its colour?
Ans: Light blue.

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