16.1–198 SPECIAL FABRICATION AND ERECTION REQUIREMENTS [App. 3.5.

TABLE A-3.1
Fatigue Design Parameters
Threshold
FTH
Stress Constant ksi Potential Crack
Description Category Cf (MPa) Initiation Point
SECTION 1 – PLAIN MATERIAL AWAY FROM ANY WELDING
1.1 Base metal, except noncoated A 250 x 108 24 Away from all
weathering steel, with rolled or cleaned (165) welds or structural
surface. Flame-cut edges with surface connections
roughness value of 1,000 μin. (25 μm)
or less, but without reentrant corners.
1.2 Noncoated weathering steel base B 120 x 108 16 Away from all
metal with rolled or cleaned surface. (110) welds or structural
Flame-cut edges with surface rough- connections
ness value of 1,000 μin. (25 μm) or less,
but without reentrant corners.
1.3 Member with drilled or reamed B 120 x 108 16 At any external
holes. Member with re-entrant corners (110) edge or at hole
at copes, cuts, block-outs or other perimeter
geometrical discontinuities made to
requirements of Appendix 3, Section
3.5, except weld access holes.
1.4 Rolled cross sections with weld C 44 x 108 10 At reentrant corner
access holes made to requirements (69) of weld access
of Section J1.6 and Appendix 3, Section hole or at any small
3.5. Members with drilled or reamed hole (may contain
holes containing bolts for attachment of bolt for minor con-
light bracing where there is a small lon- nections)
gitudinal component of brace force.
SECTION 2 – CONNECTED MATERIAL IN MECHANICALLY FASTENED JOINTS
2.1 Gross area of base metal in lap B 120 x 108 16 Through gross sec-
joints connected by high-strength bolts (110) tion near hole
in joints satisfying all requirements for
slip-critical connections.

2.2 Base metal at net section of high- B 120 x 108 16 In net section origi-
strength bolted joints, designed on the (110) nating at side of
basis of bearing resistance, but fabri- hole
cated and installed to all requirements
for slip-critical connections.

2.3 Base metal at the net section of D 22 x 108 7 In net section origi-
other mechanically fastened joints (48) nating at side of
except eye bars and pin plates. hole

2.4 Base metal at net section of eyebar E 11 x 108 4.5 In net section origi-
head or pin plate. (31) nating at side of
hole

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, June 22, 2010

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
16.1–200 SPECIAL FABRICATION AND ERECTION REQUIREMENTS [App. 3.5.

TABLE A-3.1 (continued)

Fatigue Design Parameters
Threshold
FTH
Stress Constant ksi Potential Crack
Description Category Cf (MPa) Initiation Point
SECTION 3 – WELDED JOINTS JOINING COMPONENTS OF BUILT-UP MEMBERS
3.1 Base metal and weld metal in B 120 x 108 16 From surface or
members without attachments built up (110) internal discontinu-
of plates or shapes connected by con- ities in weld away
tinuous longitudinal complete-joint-pen- from end of weld
etration groove welds, back gouged and
welded from second side, or by continu-
ous fillet welds.
3.2 Base metal and weld metal in B′ 61 x 108 12 From surface or
members without attachments built up of (83) internal discontinu-
plates or shapes, connected by con- ities in weld, includ-
tinuous longitudinal complete-joint-pen- ing weld attaching
etration groove welds with backing bars backing bars
not removed, or by continuous partial-
joint-penetration groove welds.
3.3 Base metal at weld metal termina- D 22 x 108 7 From the weld ter-
tions of longitudinal welds at weld (48) mination into the
access holes in connected built-up web or flange
members.
3.4 Base metal at ends of longitudinal E 11 x 108 4.5 In connected mate-
intermittent fillet weld segments. (31) rial at start and
stop locations of
any weld deposit
3.5 Base metal at ends of partial length In flange at toe
welded coverplates narrower than the of end weld or in
flange having square or tapered ends, flange at termina-
with or without welds across the ends; tion of longitudinal
and coverplates wider than the flange weld or in edge of
with welds across the ends. flange with wide
Flange thickness (tf ) ≤ 0.8 in. (20 mm) E 11 x 108 4.5 coverplates
(31)
Flange thickness (tf ) > 0.8 in. (20 mm) E′ 3.9 x 108 2.6
(18)
3.6 Base metal at ends of partial length E′ 3.9 x 108 2.6 In edge of flange
welded coverplates wider than the (18) at end of cover-
flange without welds across the ends. plate weld

SECTION 4 – LONGITUDINAL FILLET WELDED END CONNECTIONS

4.1 Base metal at junction of axially Initiating from end
loaded members with longitudinally of any weld termi-
welded end connections. Welds shall be nation extending
on each side of the axis of the member into the base metal
to balance weld stresses.
t ≤ 0.5 in. (12 mm) E 11 x 108 4.5
(31)
t > 0.5 in. (12 mm) E′ 3.9 x 108 2.6
(18)

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, June 22, 2010

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
16.1–202 SPECIAL FABRICATION AND ERECTION REQUIREMENTS [App. 3.5.

TABLE A-3.1 (continued)

Fatigue Design Parameters
Threshold
FTH
Stress Constant ksi Potential Crack
Description Category Cf (MPa) Initiation Point
SECTION 5 – WELDED JOINTS TRANSVERSE TO DIRECTION OF STRESS
5.1 Weld metal and base metal in or adja- B 120 x 108 16 From internal dis-
cent to complete-joint-penetration groove (110) continuities in weld
welded splices in rolled or welded cross metal or along the
sections with welds ground essentially fusion boundary
parallel to the direction of stress and with
soundness established by radiographic or
ultrasonic inspection in accordance with
the requirements of subclauses 6.12 or
6.13 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M.
5.2 Weld metal and base metal in or adja- From internal dis-
cent to complete-joint-penetration groove continuities in filler
welded splices with welds ground essen- metal or along
tially parallel to the direction of stress at fusion boundary or
transitions in thickness or width made on at start of transition
a slope no greater than 1:21/2 and with when Fy ≥ 90 ksi
weld soundness established by radi- (620 MPa)
ographic or ultrasonic inspection in acc-
ordance with the requirements of sub-
clauses 6.12 or 6.13 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M.
Fy < 90 ksi (620 MPa) B 120 x 108 16
(110)
Fy ≥ 90 ksi (620 MPa) B′ 61 x 108 12
(83)

5.3 Base metal with Fy equal to or B 120 x 108 16 From internal dis-
greater than 90 ksi (620 MPa) and weld (110) continuities in filler
metal in or adjacent to complete-joint- metal or disconti-
penetration groove welded splices with nuities along the
welds ground essentially parallel to the fusion boundary
direction of stress at transitions in width
made on a radius of not less than 2 ft (600
mm) with the point of tangency at the end
of the groove weld and with weld sound-
ness established by radiographic or
ultrasonic inspection in accordance with
the requirements of subclauses 6.12 or
6.13 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M.
5.4 Weld metal and base metal in or C 44 x 108 10 From surface dis-
adjacent to the toe of complete-joint- (69) continuity at toe of
penetration groove welds in T or corner weld extending into
joints or splices, with or without transi- base metal or into
tions in thickness having slopes no weld metal.
greater than 1:21/2 , when weld reinforce-
ment is not removed and with weld
soundness established by radiographic or
ultrasonic inspection in accordance with
the requirements of subclauses 6.12 or
6.13 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M.

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, June 22, 2010

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
16.1–204 SPECIAL FABRICATION AND ERECTION REQUIREMENTS [App. 3.5.

TABLE A-3.1 (continued)

Fatigue Design Parameters
Threshold
FTH
Stress Constant ksi Potential Crack
Description Category Cf (MPa) Initiation Point
SECTION 5 – WELDED JOINTS TRANSVERSE TO DIRECTION OF STRESS (continued)
5.5 Base metal and weld metal at trans-
verse end connections of tension-loaded
plate elements using partial-joint-penetra-
tion groove welds in butt or T- or corner
joints, with reinforcing or contouring fillets,
FSR shall be the smaller of the toe crack
or root crack allowable stress range.
Crack initiating from weld toe: C 44 x 108 10 Initiating from geo-
(69) metrical discontin-
uity at toe of weld
extending into base
metal.
Crack initiating from weld root: C′ Eqn. None Initiating at weld
A-3-4 or provided root subject to ten-
A-3-4M sion extending into
and through weld
5.6 Base metal and weld metal at trans-
verse end connections of tension-
loaded plate elements using a pair of fil-
let welds on opposite sides of the plate.
FSR shall be the smaller of the toe crack
or root crack allowable stress range.
Crack initiating from weld toe: C 44 x 108 10 Initiating from geo-
(69) metrical discontin-
uity at toe of weld
extending into base
metal.
Crack initiating from weld root: C′′ Eqn. None Initiating at weld
A-3-5 or provided root subject to ten-
A-3-5M sion extending into
and through weld
5.7 Base metal of tension loaded plate C 44 x 108 10 From geometrical
elements and on girders and rolled (69) discontinuity at toe
beam webs or flanges at toe of trans- of fillet extending
verse fillet welds adjacent to welded into base metal
transverse stiffeners.

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, June 22, 2010

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
16.1–206 SPECIAL FABRICATION AND ERECTION REQUIREMENTS [App. 3.5.

TABLE A-3.1 (continued)

Fatigue Design Parameters
Threshold
FTH
Stress Constant ksi Potential Crack
Description Category Cf (MPa) Initiation Point
SECTION 6 – BASE METAL AT WELDED TRANSVERSE MEMBER CONNECTIONS
6.1 Base metal at details attached by Near point of tan-
complete-joint-penetration groove welds gency of radius at
subject to longitudinal loading only when edge of member
the detail embodies a transition radius,
R, with the weld termination ground
smooth and with weld soundness estab-
lished by radiographic or ultrasonic
inspection in accordance with the
requirements of subclauses 6.12 or 6.13
of AWS D1.1/D1.1M.
R ≥ 24 in. (600 mm) B 120 x 108 16
(110)
24 in. > R ≥ 6 in. C 44 x 108 10
(600 mm > R ≥ 150 mm) (69)
6 in. > R ≥ 2 in. D 22 x 108 7
(150 mm > R ≥ 50 mm) (48)
2 in. (50 mm) > R E 11 x 108 4.5
(31)
6.2 Base metal at details of equal
thickness attached by complete-joint-
penetration groove welds subject to
transverse loading with or without longi-
tudinal loading when the detail embodies
a transition radius, R, with the weld ter-
mination ground smooth and with weld
soundness established by radiographic
or ultrasonic inspection in accordance
with the requirements of subclauses
6.12 or 6.13 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M:
When weld reinforcement is removed:
R ≥ 24 in. (600 mm) B 120 x 108 16 Near points of tan-
(110) gency of radius or
24 in. > R ≥ 6 in. C 44 x 108 10 in the weld or at
(600 mm > R ≥ 150 mm) (69) fusion boundary or
6 in. > R ≥ 2 in. D 22 x 108 7 member or attach-
(150 mm > R ≥ 50 mm) (48) ment
2 in. (50 mm) > R E 11 x 108 4.5
When weld reinforcement is not removed: (31) At toe of the weld
R ≥ 24 in. (600 mm) C 44 x 108 10 either along edge
(69) of member or the
24 in. > R ≥ 6 in. C 44 x 108 10 attachment
(600 mm > R ≥ 150 mm) (69)
6 in. > R ≥ 2 in. D 22 x 108 7
(150 mm > R ≥ 50 mm) (48)
2 in. (50 mm) > R E 11 x 108 4.5
(31)

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, June 22, 2010

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
16.1–208 SPECIAL FABRICATION AND ERECTION REQUIREMENTS [App. 3.5.

TABLE A-3.1 (continued)

Fatigue Design Parameters
Threshold
FTH
Stress Constant ksi Potential Crack
Description Category Cf (MPa) Initiation Point
SECTION 6 – BASE METAL AT WELDED TRANSVERSE MEMBER CONNECTIONS (cont’d)
6.3 Base metal at details of unequal
thickness attached by complete-joint-
penetration groove welds subject to
transverse loading with or without longi-
tudinal loading when the detail embodies
a transition radius, R, with the weld ter-
mination ground smooth and with weld
soundness established by radiographic
or ultrasonic inspection in accordance
with the requirements of subclauses
6.12 or 6.13 of AWS D1.1/D1.1M.
When weld reinforcement is removed:
R > 2 in. (50 mm) D 22 x 108 7 At toe of weld
(48) along edge of thin-
ner material
R ≤ 2 in. (50 mm) E 11 x 108 4.5 In weld termination
(31) in small radius
When reinforcement is not removed:
Any radius E 11 x 108 4.5 At toe of weld
(31) along edge of thin-
ner material
6.4 Base metal subject to longitudinal Initiating in base
stress at transverse members, with or metal at the weld
without transverse stress, attached by termination or at
fillet or partial-joint-penetration groove the toe of the weld
welds parallel to direction of stress when extending into the
the detail embodies a transition radius, base metal
R, with weld termination ground smooth:
R > 2 in. (50 mm) D 22 x 108 7
(48)
R ≤ 2 in. (50 mm) E 11 x 108 4.5
(31)

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, June 22, 2010

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
16.1–210 SPECIAL FABRICATION AND ERECTION REQUIREMENTS [App. 3.5.

TABLE A-3.1 (continued)

Fatigue Design Parameters
Threshold
FTH
Stress Constant ksi Potential Crack
Description Category Cf (MPa) Initiation Point
SECTION 7 – BASE METAL AT SHORT ATTACHMENTS1
7.1 Base metal subject to longitudinal Initiating in base
loading at details with welds parallel or metal at the weld
transverse to the direction of stress termination or at
where the detail embodies no transition the toe of the weld
radius and with detail length in direction extending into the
of stress, a, and thickness of the attach- base metal
ment, b :
a < 2 in. (50 mm) C 44 x 108 10
(69)
2 in. (50 mm) ≤ a ≤ lesser of 12b D 22 x 108 7
or 4 in. (100 mm) (48)
a > 4 in. (100 mm) E 11 x 108 4.5
when b > 0.8 in. (20 mm) (31)
a > lesser of 12b or 4 in. (100 mm) E′ 3.9 x 108 2.6
when b ≤ 0.8 in. (20 mm) (18)
7.2 Base metal subject to longitudinal Initiating in base
stress at details attached by fillet or par- metal at the weld
tial-joint-penetration groove welds, with termination, extend-
or without transverse load on detail, ing into the base
when the detail embodies a transition metal
radius, R, with weld termination ground
smooth:
R > 2 in. (50 mm) D 22 x 108 7
(48)
R ≤ 2 in. (50 mm) E 11 x 108 4.5
(31)
1
“Attachment” as used herein is defined as any steel detail welded to a member which, by its mere pres-
ence and independent of its loading, causes a discontinuity in the stress flow in the member and thus
reduces the fatigue resistance.

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, June 22, 2010

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
16.1–212 SPECIAL FABRICATION AND ERECTION REQUIREMENTS [App. 3.5.

TABLE A-3.1 (continued)

Fatigue Design Parameters
Threshold
FTH
Stress Constant ksi Potential Crack
Description Category Cf (MPa) Initiation Point
SECTION 8 - MISCELLANEOUS
8.1 Base metal at steel headed stud C 44 x 108 10 At toe of weld in
anchors attached by fillet or automatic (69) base metal
stud welding.

8.2 Shear on throat of continuous or F 150 x 1010 8 Initiating at the root

intermittent longitudinal or transverse fil- (Eqn. (55) of the fillet weld,
let welds. A-3-2 or extending into the
A-3-2M) weld

8.3 Base metal at plug or slot welds. E 11 x 108 4.5 Initiating in the
(31) base metal at the
end of the plug or
slot weld, extend-
ing into the base
metal
8.4 Shear on plug or slot welds. F 150 x 1010 8 Initiating in the
(Eqn. (55) weld at the faying
A-3-2 or surface, extending
A-3-2M) into the weld

8.5 Snug-tightened high-strength bolts, G 3.9 x 108 7 Initiating at the root

common bolts, threaded anchor rods, (48) of the threads,
and hanger rods with cut, ground or extending into the
rolled threads. Stress range on tensile fastener
stress area due to live load plus prying
action when applicable.

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, June 22, 2010

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION