This section contains multiple choice questions.

Each question has 4 choices (a),

(b), (c), (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Choose the correct option.

1. The ratio of number of neutrons to protons in 82

Pb208and83Bi 209 called
n/p ratio is
(a) higher in Pb than Bi
(b) lower in Pb than Bi
(c) equal in Pb than Bui
(d) Ratio is not dependent on given data.
2. The radius of first Bohr orbit of H-atom is r. The radius of third orbit is:
(a) 3 r (b) 9 r (c) 27 r (d) none of these
3. The ratio of the radii of the first three Bohr orbit is:
(a) 1: 5: 33 (b) 1: 2: 3 (c) 1: 4: 9 (d) 1: 8: 27
4 The electronic configuration of elements A, B, C, and D are (2, 8, 1), (2,
8, 2), (2, 8, 6) and (2, 8, 7) respectively. Which forms a divalent anion?
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
5. A neutral atom has a nucleus with a nuclear charge 13 times and mass 27
times that of H nucleus. How many electrons would be present in the
stable positively charged ion?
(a) 13 (b) 27 (c) 14 (d) 10
6. If the diameter of nucleus is of the order of 10 11 cm and that of atom is

of the order of 108 cm, then ratio of volumes of atom to nucleus is:

(a) 10 9 :1 (b) 1: 10 9 (c) 10 3 : 1 (d) 1: 10 3

7. An element X has the same mass number and atomic number. This
element is:

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 (a)inert gas (b) hydrogen (c) alpha particle (d) helium
8. Energy is absorbed when an electron jumps from
(a) K –shell to L- shell (b) L-shell to K-shell
(c) both a and b (d) cannot say
9. The increasing order of e/m ratios of electron, proton neutron and alpha
particle is:
(a) neutron < alpha particle< proton < electron
(b) electron < proton < alpha particle < neutron
(c) neutron < alpha particle < proton = electron
(d) alpha particle > neutron > electron > proton
10. The weight of 1 H –atom is:
(a) 1.66  1024 kg (b) 1.66  1027 gm

(c) 1.66  1024 gm (d) 1.66  1024 kg

11. Cathode rays are

(a) electromagnetic waves (b) stream of alpha particles
(c) stream of electrons (d) highly energetic photons
12. Cathode rays have
(a) mass only without charge (b) charge only with negligible mass
(c) neither mass nor charge (d) unit mass and unit charge
13. Specific charge of an electron =
(a) 1.602  10 19 C (b) 4.8  10 10 esu
(c) 5.28  1017 esu / g (d) 9.1 1028 gm

14. Unit charge =

(a) 1.6  10 19 C (b) 1.6  10 10 C

(c) 4.8  10 10 C (d) 1.6  10 19 esu

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15. The ratio of specific charge of a proton and an alpha particle is:
(a) 2: 1 (b) 1: 2 (c) 1: 4 (d) 1: 1
16. The mass of neuron is of the order of
(a) 1025 kg (b) 1024 kg (c) 1027 kg (d) 1031 kg

17. The heaviest particle among the following is:

(a) meson (b) neutron (c) proton (d) electron
18. Which one of the following is not a fundamental particle?
(a) electron (b) proton (c) neutron (d) alpha particle
19. The particle having the biggest specific charge is:
(a) electron (b) proton (c) neutron (d) alpha particle
20. Neutron are obtained by
(a) bombarding radium with alp[ha particles
(b) bombarding of Be with alpha particles
(c) radioactive disintegration of Uranium
(d) none of these
21. Which of the following subatomic particle is not present in an atom?
(a) neutron (b) proton (c) electron (d) positron
22. Which of the following has the same atomic number and the same mass
number?
(a) protium (b) deuterium (c) tritrium (d) helium
23. The total number of electrons present in CO32 ion is:

(a) 16 (b) 32 (c) 24 (d) 40

24. e/m ratio of canal rays when hydrogen gas is used is _________ amongst
all gases.
(a) smallest (b) largest
(c) equal to infinity (d) cannot say

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25. Which of the following properties of an element is a whole number?
(a) atomic weight (b) atomic volume
(c) atomic number (d) atomic radius
26. The atomic number and mass number of an element are 26 and 56
respectively. The number of neutrons in the nucleus will be

(a) 26 (b) 30 (c) 36 (d) 56

27. Rutherford’s alpha particle scattering experiment showed for the first time
that the atom has
(a) electrons (b) protons (c) neutrons (d) nucleus
28. Rutherford’s alpha rays scattering experiments is related to the size of the
(a) nucleus (b) electrons (c) proton (d) neutron
29. Sodium atom and Sodium ion differ by __________
(a) 1 electron (b) 1 proton
(c) 1 neutron (d) one electron, 1 proton
30. Element with electronic configuration (2, 8, 2) is:
(a) Metal (b) Non-Metal (c) Metalloid (d) Inert gas

This section contains certain number of questions. Each question contains

STATEMENT-1 (Assertion) and STATEMENT - 2 (Reason). Each question has 4
choices (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Choose the
correct option.
31. STATEMENT-1: The cathode ray particles in the discharge tube
experiments are fundamental particles present in all atoms.
because
STATEMENT - 2: The e/m ratio of the cathode ray particles is a constant

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 even if the electrode or gas in the tube is changed.
(a) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is a correct
explanation for statement - 1
(b) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is NOT a
correct explanation for Statement - 1
(c) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is False
(d) Statement - 1 is False, Statement - 2 is True
32. STATEMENT-1: The e/m ratio of canal ray particles is not a constant.
because
STATEMENT - 2: The cananl ray particles are not fundamental particles.
(a) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is a correct
explanation for statement - 1
(b) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is NOT a
correct explanation for Statement - 1
(c) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is False
(d) Statement - 1 is False, Statement - 2 is True
33. STATEMENT-1: The mass of Helium nucleus is more than the mass of
two potons present in it.
because
STATEMENT - 2: Helium nucleus contains protons that are heavier than
protons present in other atoms.
(a) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is a correct
explanation for statement - 1
(b) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is NOT a
correct explanation for Statement - 1
(c) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is False

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 (d) Statement - 1 is False, Statement - 2 is True
34. STATEMENT-1: Some elements have fractional atomic weight.
because
STATEMENT - 2: Isotopes of an element are responsible for its fractional
atomic weight.
(a) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is a correct
explanation for statement - 1
(b) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is NOT a
correct explanation for Statement - 1
(c) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is False
(d) Statement - 1 is False, Statement - 2 is True
35. STATEMENT-1: The cathode rays can be heard when they strike the
cathode making small sounds.
because
STATEMENT - 2: The cathode rays consist of particles with mass and
hence can be heard.
(a) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is a correct
explanation for statement - 1
(b) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is NOT a
correct explanation for Statement - 1
(c) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is False
(d) Statement - 1 is False, Statement - 2 is True
36. STATEMENT-1: Atoms are essentially neutral.
because
STATEMENT - 2: The atoms consist of neutrons that make them neutral.
(a) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is a correct

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 explanation for statement - 1
(b) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is NOT a
correct explanation for Statement - 1
(c) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is False
(d) Statement - 1 is False, Statement - 2 is True
37. STATEMENT-1: The mass of the atom is evenly distributed inside the
atom.
because
STATEMENT - 2: The heaviest parts of the atom are the nucleons.
(a) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is a correct
explanation for statement - 1
(b) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is NOT a
correct explanation for Statement - 1
(c) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is False
(d) Statement - 1 is False, Statement - 2 is True
38. STATEMENT-1: The electrons weight is negligible in comparision to that
of the proton or the neutron.
because
STATEMENT - 2:The electrons get easily ejected in the Discharge Tube
Experiments.
(a) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is a correct
explanation for statement - 1
(b) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is NOT a
correct explanation for Statement - 1
(c) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is False
(d) Statement - 1 is False, Statement - 2 is True

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39. STATEMENT-1: Coloured radiation can be seen in the Discharge Tube
Experiments when different elements or compounds are introduced into
the Tube due to absorption of certain wavelengths.
because
STATEMENT - 2: Each element or compound emits light that is unique
to it.
(a) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is a correct
explanation for statement - 1
(b) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is NOT a
correct explanation for Statement - 1
(c) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is False
(d) Statement - 1 is False, Statement - 2 is True
40. STATEMENT-1: The valence shell in H atoms cannot have more than 2
electrons.
because
STATEMENT - 2: The first shell in an atom cannot have more than 2
electrons.
(a) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is a correct
explanation for statement - 1
(b) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True; Statement - 2 is NOT a
correct explanation for Statement - 1
(c) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is False
(d) Statement - 1 is False, Statement - 2 is True

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This section contains paragraphs. Based upon each paragraph multiple
choice questions have to be answered. Each question has 4 choices (a),
(b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Choose the correct
option.

Paragraph for questions 41 to 44

Energy required to pull out first electron from the valence shell (first Ionisation
Energy value) will be quite less when compared to energy required to pull out the
second electron from the valence shell (second Ionisation Energy value). After the
first electron has been pulled out the atom acquires a positive charge. The same
numbers of protons attract a lesser number of electrons. So the pull per electron
increases. Hence to pull out the second electron is more difficult. Atoms that get
eight electrons in the valence shell on loosing electrons will loose electrons easily
and hence will have low Ionisation Energy values.
41. The Ionisation Energy value of Nitrogen is ________ Oxygen.
(a) more than (b) smaller than
(c) same as (d) can be more or less
42. Ionisation Energy values of Inert Gas Elements are quite
(a) low (b) high
(c) equal to other elements (d) cannot say
43. Ionisation Energy values of a halogen will be _________ that of the next
succeeding inert gas element.
(a) more than (b) smaller than
(c) same as (d) can be more or less

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44. Ionisation Energy of a cation will be _________ than that of the parent
atom.
(a) greater than (b) smaller than
(c) equal to (d) can be greater or smaller than
45. Ionisation Energy of elements with one valence electron is expected to be
(a) very high (b) very low
(c) equal to other elements (d) cannot say

This section contains Matrix-Match type questions. Each question contains

statements given in two columns which have to be matched. Statements
(a, b, c, (d) in Column I have to be matched with statements (p, q, r, s) in
Column II. The answers to these questions have to be appropriately
bubbled as illustrated in the following example.
If the correct matches are a-p, a-s, b-q, b-r, c-p, c-q and d-s, then the
correctly bubbled 4 x 4 matrix should be as follows:

46. Match the property in Column I with the elements Column II

Column I Column II
(a) Fractional Atomic Weight (p) Hydrogen
(b) A = Z for (q) Chlorine
(c) Variable valency (r) A - Z

11
 (d) Number of neutrons = (s) Fe2 , Fe3 
47. Match the valence electrons in Column I with their nature in Column II
Column I Column II
(a) Atoms with 1, 2 or 3 (p) non- metal
valence electrons
(b) Atoms with 8 valence (q) metal
electrons
(c) Atoms 5,6 or 7 valence (r) ions
electrons
(d) Atoms in which number of (s) noble gas element Is not
electrons equal to protons
48. Match the e/m rations in Column I with the particles in Column II
Column I Column II
(a) 0 (p) electron
(b) 1 (q) proton
(c) 1/2 (r) neutron
(d) 1836 (s) Alpha particle
49. Match the specific constituents of the atom in Column I with year in which
it was discovered in Column II
Column I Column II
(a) Electrons (p) 1911
(b) Protons (q) 1932
(c) Neutrons (r) 1876
(d) Nucleus (s) 1886

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50. Match elements in Column I With the ratio of number of neutrons to
numbers of protons in Column II
Column I Column II
(a) 1 H 1 (p) 146/92

(b) 11
Na23 (q) 1

(c) 20
Ca40 (r) 12/11

(d) 92
U 238 (s) 0

13
1. The number of neutrons is given by Mass Number - Atomic
Number. For 82 Pb 208 the number of neutrons is 208  82  126 and
for 83 Bi 209 the number of neutrons is 209 – 83 = 126. Therefore
the n/p ratio is greater in 82 Pb 208 .
Hence A is the correct option.

2. The ratio of radius of the orbits, r in H-atom is proportional to

r1 n12
square of orbit number. Thus r α n or  2 . Substituting, we
2

r2 n2
get the radius of third orbit as 9r1 , where r1 is the radius of the first
orbit.
Hence B is the correct option.

3. Using the same formula in the question number 2 we get, the ratio
of radii as 1 : 4 : 9.
Hence C is the correct option.

4. Gain of two electrons can form a divalent anion. The valence

configuration of C is (2, 8, 6). C can gain two electrons to get an
octet configuration of eight electrons in the valence shell.
Hence C is the correct option.

5. The nucleus has 13 protons. Hence Atomic Number is 13 and a

Mass Number is 27. The atom has 13 electrons. The electronic
configuration is thus (2, 8, 3). The valence configuration indicates
that the atom can easily loose three electrons to become stable. On
loosing three electrons, the ion thus formed will have 10 electrons.
Hence D is the correct option.

2
6. Assuming the atom and nucleus to be spherical in shape, the ratio
of volume of atom to volume of nucleus is given by
4 3
Vatom
 r atom r 3atom 109
 3  
Vnucleus 4  r 3nucleus r 3nucleus 1
3
 109 :1
Hence A is the correct option.

7. H-atom is unique, as it does not have any neutrons. Its Atomic

Number and Mass Number will thus be the same.
Hence B is the correct option.

8. The energy of the shells increases as the shell number increases.

Hence an electron in K-shell must absorb energy when it jumps to
L-shell.
Hence A is the correct option.

9. The e/m ratio is the ratio of specific charge on particle to the mass
(in amu) of the particle. The e/m ratio of neutron is 0, of alpha
particle is 1 , of proton is 1 and of electron is 1836/1. Thus the
2
correct order is as given in option A.
Hence A is the correct option.

10. The weight of one H-atom is that of one proton (1 amu) as the
weight of the electron in the atom is considered negligible. 1 amu
= 1.66 1024 gm.
Hence C is the correct option.

11. Cathode rays consist of electrons, as the rays are attracted to the
anode (positive plate) in the Discharge Tube.
Hence C is the correct option.

3
12. Cathode rays consist of electrons that are negatively charged and
have negligible mass.
Hence B is the correct option.

13. Specific charge of an electron is 1.602 1019 coulombs.

Hence A is the correct option.

14. Unit charge is the charge on one electron or proton and is equal to
1.602 1019 coulombs.
Hence A is the correct option.

15. Since the charge on a proton is 1+ and that on alpha particle is

2+, the ratio of the two charges is 1: 2.
Hence B is the correct option.

16. The mass of a neutron is almost equal to that of 1 proton, i.e., 1

 
amu  1.66 1024 gm  1.66 1027 kg .
Hence C is the correct option.

17. The mass of a neutron is very marginally more than that of a

proton.
Hence B is the correct option.

18. A fundamental particle is present in all atoms. Alpha particle is

helium ion  He2 , and hence not a fundamental particle.
Hence D is the correct option.

19. The specific charge on electron is (-) 1, on proton is (+) 1, on

neutron is 0 and on alpha particle is (+) 2.
Hence D is the correct option.

20. Neutrons are obtained by bombarding Beryllium nucleus with

alpha particles. This can be shown as follows :

4
 4Be9  2 He4 6 C12 0 n1  Energy.
Hence B is the correct option.

21. You will know more about this positron in higher classes.
Hence D is the correct option.

22. Protium refers to hydrogen, the most common isotope of the

element hydrogen, with one proton and no neutrons.
Hence A is the correct option.

23. The total number of electrons is numerically equal to the sum of

the electrons in one C-atom, 3 0-atoms and the extra two electrons
in CO32- . This is equal to 6 + 24 + 2 = 32.
Hence B is the correct option.

24. When hydrogen gas is used the canal rays consist of H  ions.
These ions are made up of 1 proton with charge of -1 and mass of
1 amu. Thus the e / m ratio will be the highest as no other canal
ray can have less than 1 proton.
Hence B is the correct option.

25. Atomic weight, atomic volume and atomic radius are not whole
numbers. Atomic number is a whole number as it represents the
number of protons in the atom of an element and it can never be a
fraction.
Hence C is the correct option.

26. The number of neutrons = Mass Number - Atomic Number = 56 -

26 = 30.
Hence B is the correct option.

27. Rutherford alpha scattering experiments showed for the first

time that atoms have a nucleus in which the all the positive charge
is present.

5
 Hence D is the correct option.
28. Rutherford also showed that the size of the nucleus is very small as
most alpha particles passed through.
Hence A is the correct option.

29. Sodium ion forms when sodium ion looses an electron.

Na 1e  Na .
Hence A is the correct option.

30. Metals have 1, 2 or 3 electrons in the valence shell while non-

metals have 5, 6 or 7 electrons in the valence shell.
Hence A is the correct option.

31. All cathode rays have the same type of particles irrespective of the
gas or electrode used in the Discharge Tube. This can be
concluded from the fact that the e /m ratio of all cathode ray
particles is a constant.
Hence A is the correct option.

32. Canal rays consist of positive ions formed in the discharge tube.
Loosing electrons from the valence shell forms these positive ions
and their mass depends on the original atom. It changes from
element to element. Thus e/m ratio of the canal rays is not a
constant. As the particles present in canal rays are not present in
atoms of all elements they are not fundamental particles.
Statement 2 is not the reason for Statement 1 though both
statements are correct.
Hence B is the correct option.

33. The mass of Helium nucleuses mainly due to the two protons and
two neutrons present in it. Statement 2 is incorrect as protons are
fundamental particles and weigh the same.

6
 Hence C is the correct option.
34. Elements that exhibit isotopy have fractional atomic weight. In a
given sample of an element, atoms of all its isotopes will be
present. Since each isotope has different number of neutrons the
average atomic weight of the atoms will thus be the average of the
sum of weights of all atoms.
Hence A is the correct option.

35. Cathode rays consists of electrons that have mass. When a particle
with mass strikes the cathode plate it will make sound. The fact that
cathode rays make sound on striking the cathode proves that the
particle present in the rays have mass.
Hence A is the correct option.

36. Statement 1 is correct as number of electrons is equal to number

of protons in an atom. But Statement 2 is incorrect as along with
neutrons electrons and protons are also present.
Hence C is the correct option.

37. The mass of the atom is due to protons, neutrons and electrons. If
this mass was distributed every inside the atom then in
Rutherford's Experiments more positively charged alpha particles
would have been deflected by wide angles when they encounter
the protons that are also positively charged. As this does not
happen Statement 1 is wrong. Statement 2 is correct as nucleons
consist of protons and neutrons which when compared to electrons
are very heavy.
Hence D is the correct option.

38. See question number 37. Statement 2 is not the reason and is also
incorrect.
Hence D is the, correct option.

39. Every element when introduced into the Discharge Tube emits
colour specific to it. This depends on the valence configuration and

7
 how the electrons get excited to higher energy levels by absorbing
radiation of specific wavelengths. Thus the light that comes out of
the Discharge Tube is either due to excited electrons emitting
radiation on jumping to lower levels or the resultant wavelengths
that are left out when the electrons absorb radiation when jumping
to higher energy levels.
Hence A is the correct option.

40. Both H-atom and He-atom are single shell atoms that can hold a
maximum of 2 electrons. This is given by the formula 2n2 . Here n
= 1.
Hence A is the correct option.

41. The IE value of nitrogen is larger than oxygen as nitrogen has a

half filled orbital in the valence shell. You will learn more about
this in the next class.
Hence A is the correct option.

42. The IE of Inert Gas Elements is quite high, as they have filled
valence shells. Due to this the atom is more stable in terms of
energy and electronic configuration.
Hence B is correct option.

43. IE of halogens is less than that of the succeeding element Inert Gas
Element. The IE value of Inert Gas Element in a given period
(horizontal row) of the Periodic Table is always the highest in that
row.
Hence C is the correct option.

8
44. IE of cation is more than that of parent atom as same numbers of
protons attract lesser number of electrons – the pull per electron is
thus more.
Hence A is the correct option.
45. Elements with just one valence electron loose the electron easily so
as to get an inert gas configuration. Thus they have low IE values.
Hence B is the correct option.

46.

47.

48.

49.

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50.

10