Mathematics

GCSE
Study Pack
Measure, Shape
and
Data Handling
HCUC offers courses in mathematics at Entry level, Level 1, GCSE and A level. The following
resource gives you a taste of some of the topics covered in Functional Skills and GCSE maths
lessons. It includes some important facts along with worked examples and exam style
questions. The solutions are included for your reference.
The purpose of this resource is to give an initial insight into an example lesson. Actual lessons
may consist of more activities/use of technology and may be adapted to meet the needs of
individual learners.
Please note that this GCSE resource is aimed at Grade 2/3 level learners.

In this pack there are three example lessons

Lesson 1: Measure: Units of Measure and Conversions page 4-8
Lesson 2: Area perimeter of 2D Composite Shapes page 11-19
Lesson 3 : Data Handling page 22-31
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 Contents:

1) Facts and Worked Examples 5-8

2) Exam style Questions 9

3) Answers to Exam style questions 10

4) Useful links 11

Measure: Units of measure and conversions

At GCSE learners are expected to be learn about different systems of measure
(metric/imperial) and how to convert between these. The following resources show where
units of measure are used in real life situations, worked examples and exam style questions
at GCSE level are also given.

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FACTS and EXAMPLES:
There are two systems of measuring length, weight and capacity (amount of liquid).
The two systems are called the Metric System and the Imperial System.
In the UK we use both the metric and the imperial system.
Some metric and imperial units are given in the table below.
LENGTH/DISTANCE
METRIC IMPERIAL
kilometres km miles
metres m yards yds
centimetres cm feet ft
millimetres mm inches ins

WEIGHT
METRIC IMPERIAL
Metric tonne t ton t
kilograms kg stones st
grams g pounds lb or lbs
milligrams mg ounces oz

CAPACITY/ VOLUME
METRIC IMPERIAL
litres L gallons gal
millilitres ml pints pts

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Converting units:
Here are some common conversions. If you need to do any less usual conversions in the
exam, the information that you need will be given.

5 miles = 8 km
1 kg = 2.2 lbs
1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 gallon = 4.5 litres
1 litre = 1.75 pints

Example 1

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Solution:

Example 2:
The distance from London to Oxford is 60 miles.
The distance from London to Cambridge is 103 km.
Which city is nearer to London?

Solution:
5 miles = 8 km
10 miles = 16 km
60 miles = 6 x 16 = 96 km
Oxford is 96 km from London, Cambridge is 103 km from London. So, Oxford is nearer to
London than Cambridge.

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Example 3:
Which bag is heavier?
BAG A BAG B

Solution:
1 kg = 2.2 lbs
2.5 kg = 2.5 x 2.2 = 5.5 lbs
Bag A weighs 5 lbs
So, bag B is heavier.

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EXAM STYLE QUESTIONS:
Question 1:
A Ford Focus car can hold 15 gallons of petrol. How
many litres of petrol can the car hold if 1 gallon is
equal to 4.5 L?

Question 2:
Ali is driving in France when he notices a signpost that
says: Paris 240 km.
How far away from Paris is Ali in miles?

Question 3:
Monique has just arrived in the UK from France. Today
she is shopping in the market, but she is confused. All
the weights are in pounds (lbs). Monique buys 8 lbs of
potatoes, 3 lbs of tomatoes, 2 lbs of onions, 4 lbs of
apples and 5 lbs of bananas.What is the total weight of
her purchases in kg?

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ANSWERS:
Question 1:
1 gallon = 4.5 L
15 gallons = 15 x 4.5 = 67.5 L

Question 2:
8 km = 5 miles
80 km = 50 miles
240 km = 3 x 50 = 150 miles (240 ÷ 80 = 3)
Ali is 150 miles from Paris

Question 3:
Total weight = 8+3+2+4+5 = 22 lbs
1 kg = 2.2 lbs
Weight of purchases = 22 ÷ 2.2 = 10 kg

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USEFUL LINKS

For further information and more practice questions, check out the following links.

Useful links Information

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zthsgk7/revision/3 Good revision material at all
levels
Corbett Maths: https://corbettmaths.com/wp- Practice worksheets and
content/uploads/2013/02/metric-units-pdf.pdf their answers
Edexcel Past exam papers from
https://www.gatewayqualifications.org.uk/webinars/good- Edexcel
practice-in-assessing-entry-level-qualifications/
Skills workshop: More practice and
https://www.skillsworkshop.org/category/link- information on Measure
types/learning-resources-external-links/printable-
resource-sites/printable-maths-numer

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 Shapes
Area and Perimeter
GCSE
Study Resource
HCUC offer courses in mathematics at Entry level, Level 1, GCSE and A level. The following
resource give you a taste of some of the topics covered in Functional Skills and GCSE maths
lessons. It includes some important facts along with worked examples and exam style
questions. The solutions are included for your reference.
The purpose of this resource is to give an initial insight into an example lesson. Actual lessons
may consist of more activities/use of technology and may be adapted to meet the needs of
individual learners.
Please note that this GCSE resource is aimed at Grade 2/3 level learners.

Contents

Introduction to basic shapes; Area & perimeter 15

Formulas; Area 17

Worked Examples 18

Compound shapes and examples 19

Exam style questions 21

Exam style questions; Answers 22

Useful links 23
Key words and how it is used in everyday life
Word Definition
Perimeter The distance all the way around the outside of a 2D shape.
Area The area of any 2D shape is the size of the region enclosed within it.
2D shape 2D shape can be drawn flat on a piece of paper.
Compound shape shape made up of two or more basic shapes

Area and perimeter are used in everyday life hence its inclusion in the GCSE syllabus.
Perimeter is used to calculate a distance around a shape for example, a fence around a
garden or how much ribbon is needed to place around a cake.
Area is used to calculate space for example, how many tiles needed for a bathroom floor or
calculating how much paint is needed to paint a wall.

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
What is Area and Perimeter?
Perimeter:

The perimeter is the distance all the way around the outside of a 2D shape. To work out
the perimeter, add up the lengths of all the sides.
A Perimeter is a one-dimensional measurement. It is a length measured usually in metric
units such as cm, m, km

To calculate the perimeter of this rectangle, we will have to add all the sides to get the final
answer.
Answer: 7 + 7 + 3 + 3 = 20
Example question 1:
Calculate the perimeter of this triangle
Answer: 6cm + 5cm + 7cm = 18cm

Example question 2:
Anna wants to put fence around her farm land. Length of her garden is 4m and width is 3.5
m. How much fence is needed?
Answer: 4m + 3.5m + 4m + 3.5m = 15m

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
Area:
The area of any 2D shape is the size of the region enclosed within it. To calculate the area
of shapes there are specific formulae to be followed as given in the table below

This is a measure of space an as you can see the formula, we have to multiply the 2
dimension therefore the units for the area are squared, for example cm2. We can see this in
the worked examples below.

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
More worked Example questions
Example question 1
Calculate the area of the following:
Answer

10cm x 10cm = 100cm2

cm * cm = cm2

3 cm x 6 cm = 18cm2

Example question 2
Calculate the area of the following:

Answer

5 x 6 = 30cm2
30 ÷ 2 = 15cm2
Final answer = 15 cm2
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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
 Compound shape
We can build on this knowledge by calculating the area of compound shapes. In real life,
many of the shapes we come across are not exact squares, rectangles, etc. They are mixture
of 2 or more shapes.
A compound shape is made up of two or more basic shapes, for example, a square and a
rectangle can create a compound shape such as:

Can become:

Example question 1
Calculate the area of the following:

Answer
As shown in the diagram above we can split this compound shape into two basic shapes
and work the areas separately and then add the results.

6x6= 3 x 2 = 6cm2
36cm2

Therefore, 36 + 6 = 42cm2

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
Example Question 2
Calculate the area of the following:

Answer

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
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Exam style questions – MathsGenie (Edexcel Exam board)

3marks

4marks

2marks

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
Answers:
1) Split shape into a rectangle and a triangle.

Area of rectangle (5 x 7 = 35),

Area of triangle (5 x 4 ÷ 2 = 10)
add both = 45 cm2

2) Split shape into a rectangle and a triangle.

Area of rectangle (9 x 8 = 72),
Area of triangle (5 x 12 ÷ 2 = 30)
add both = 102 cm2

3) Split shape into a rectangle and a triangle.

Area of rectangle (5 x 6 = 30),
Area of triangle (5 x 4 ÷ 2 = 10)
add both = 40 cm2

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
Useful links
Web links Information
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zrf3cdm Factual knowledge and practice questions
https://www.mathsgenie.co.uk/resources/37_area-of- Exam papers and practice questions
compound-shapes.pdf
https://mathsmadeeasy.co.uk/gcse-maths- Factual knowledge and practice questions
revision/areas-of-shapes-gcse-revision-and-
worksheets/
https://revisionmaths.com/gcse-maths/geometry- Practice worksheets
and-measures/perimeter

References:
1) https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize
2) https://www.splashlearn.com/math-vocabulary/geometry
3) https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/subjects/z826n39
4) https://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en
5) www.study.com
6) www.revisionmaths.com

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
 Data Handling
Bars and Charts
GCSE
Study Resource

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
 Chart Title
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4

Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

Chart Title
6

0
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4

Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
 Contents

Bar charts and Tables: Introduction 27

Keywords for Table and charts 27

Bar chart 28

Dual bar chart/ Composite bar charts 29

Exam style questions and Answers 30-33

Useful Web links and references 34

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
Bar charts and Tables
A good understanding of Maths is important and essential in life, Maths is used in day to
day life with things such as managing money, planning your day, and recording data.
In this session we will be introducing some ways of collecting data for GCSE, to give you an
idea of the course contents, we will be introducing composite bar charts, and using some
exam questions for extra practice

Keywords for Table and charts

Keyword Description

Data Facts and statistics collected together for reference and

analysis
Tally A continuous count of something

Frequency The number of times a data value occurs

Table Data arranged into rows and columns

Chart A graphical representation of data

Pictogram Representation of data through pictures

Bar chart A chart that uses bars to represent data in different

categories
Compound bar chart A graph which combines more types of information into
one chart

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
Bar chart
A bar graph (or bar chart) is a way of displaying data, typically data split into categories,
using bars of different heights. Bar graphs are not the same thing as histograms, and you
should make sure to leave gaps between the bars when drawing your bar graph so it
doesn’t look like a histogram.

Comparative bar charts

Bar charts may be needed to compare data. A comparative bar graph is used to compare
two sets of data on the same axis, such as comparing the numbers of pets owned by a class.

Following table gives the information as a table:

No pets 1 pet 2 pets 3 or more pets

Boys 2 4 2 3

Girls 3 3 2 1

Composite bar charts are bar charts where each bar displays multiple data points stacked in
a single row or column. This may, for instance, take the form of uniform height bars
charting a time series with internal stacked colours indicating the percentage participation
of a sub-type of data.

It can show this information which is easy to see at a glance. A key that shows which bar
represents which data is necessary to be able to read the bar chart properly.

Key is very
important. A key
shows which bar
represents which
data

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All images are taken from google.com
Dual bar chart

Answer

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com
Exam Style questions

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Answer
Solution Q1

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Q2

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Solution Q2

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Useful websites

Link Explanation
https://www.mathsgenie.co.uk/resources/2-bar- Exam-style questions
charts.pdf

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/pre- Clear video clips to understand the

algebra/pre-algebra-math-reasoning/pre-algebra- topic well. Extra questions are given in
picture-bar-graphs/v/creating-bar-charts-1 every clip.

https://mathsmadeeasy.co.uk/gcse-maths- Revision notes and worksheets can be

revision/bar-graphs-revision/ found here.

References:

1 https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zc7sb82/revision/4
1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_bar_chart#:~:text=Composite%20bar%20charts%20are%20bar,a
%20sub%2Dtype%20of%20data.

1 http://www.mathcentre.ac.uk/resources/uploaded/8-composite-bar-charts.pdf

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FS Entry 3: Shapes and Measure
All images are taken from google.com