How to write a research

paper
Planning, research, and writing
Pro. Gloria Chen
What is a research paper?

✓ In-depth consideration of a topic or research

question
✓ Presents an original thesis statement
✓ Engages with primary and secondary sources
✓ Contributes something new to the field
The Importance of Research Paper
Structure

Clarity & Coherence Professionalism Time-saving

A clear and concise A well-structured Structured writing
structure facilitates paper adds helps in avoiding
coherent professionalism and repetition, improves
communication of credibility, and can efficiency, and saves
ideas and makes the increase the chances time in the long run for
paper easier to read of getting published. yourself and your
and understand. readers.
 The Basic Structure of a Research
Paper

1 Title Page
The first page should include the
Abstract title of the paper, the author's name,
2 institutional affiliation, and date of
A brief overview of the paper, submission.
highlighting the research question,
methodology, findings, and
conclusions. 3 Introduction
An overview of the topic, research
problem, and the main research
Literature Review 4 question/theory that will be
addressed.
An overview of the existing research
on the topic and the gaps that this
paper intends to fill. 5 Methodology
An explanation of the research
design, data collection, and analysis
Results 6 procedures that were used in the
study.
A presentation of the findings of the
study, including any statistical
analysis or visual aids. 7 Discussion
An interpretation of the results
Characteristic of a research paper
Comprehensive Literature Review

Detailed Methodology Section

Analytical Framework

Systematic Data Presentation

Critical Discussion and Interpretation

Substantiated Conclusions

Extensive References and Citations

Abstract and Keywords

Contribution to the Academic Field

Professional Language and Formatting Standards

3 stages of the writing process

1. Research and planning

2. Writing

3. Revision
Research and planning
Identifying Research Objectives

1. Alignment with Journal Scope

2. Focus on Novelty and Significance
3. Clarity and Precision
4. Feasibility and Methodological Alignment
5. Consider the Broader Impact
 Choosing a topic

● Clearly define and narrow down your topic

● You have freedom to choose your own
● Consider what was covered on the course
● Follow your curiosity
 Doing the research

● Start exploring the literature on your topic

● Use books, journals, and other reliable sources
● Consider a variety of perspectives
● Use your reading to inform your arguments
● Keep notes of source details and useful quotations
Tool: Microsoft OneNote
Useful AI tool
● https://www.heuristi.ca/discover
Primary vs secondary sources

● Primary sources provide direct first-hand

evidence
● Secondary sources provide commentary or
analysis
Examples of primary sources

● Interview transcripts
● Historical documents
● Statistical data
Examples of secondary sources

● Journal articles
● Scholarly books
● Reviews
 Evaluating credibility: the CRAAP test

● Currency: Is the information up to date?

● Relevance: Is it relevant to your research?
● Authority: Where is it published and who is the author?
● Accuracy: Where does the information come from? Is
evidence provided?
● Purpose: Why was this information published?
Formulating a thesis statement

● States your central argument

● Answers your research question
● Concise, contentious, and coherent
● Guides your arguments
Outlining your structure

✓ Organize your thoughts

✓ Understand the flow of information
and how ideas are related
✓ Ensure nothing is forgotten
Research Writing for International
Student
Spring 2024
PhD Program in Business, CYCU
Presentation of the area of interest
Instructor : Prof. Shu-Hui Chen
Student : Jason Hu

Date: Feb 29, 2024.

 The area of interest
• The area of interest: Research on enterprise non-financial performance indicators
• Research Topical: The customer satisfaction research
• Keywords: service quality； customer satisfaction
• Research Type: Qualitative (Gather insights and understanding.)
• Article Reference: Using the Balanced Scorecard as a Strategic Management System
(RS Kaplan, DP Norton - 1996 )
Financial

Custom Vision
and
Internal
Business
er Strategy Process

Learning
and
Growth
 CYCU Inter-University

英文論文寫作
Course Program
Research Writing for TKU Registration PhD
Student
International Student 指導老師：陳淑惠教授 Jim S.C. Chin 金士翹(ㄑ一ㄠ
ˊ)
CYCU Student No.:
02111565
For Week 2 Seminar
Two-step correlation analysis revealed that
opportunity and WOM had direct and positive
Jim’s impacts on involvement, whereas involvement was
Current Research Interest significantly correlated with product WOM,
contrasting with the evidence on motivation and
Article Title involvement, which indicates less significance in this
Investigating Research on Pre-Decision-Making in research. On the basis of the indicators in the meta-
Sustainable Tourism: A Meta-Analytic Structural Equation
analysis, sustainable tourism problems were
Modeling Assessment
analyzed using the constructs of knowledge

Abstract exchange presented in the MOA framework. High

data heterogeneity was observed in this research
This study used meta-analytic structural equation modeling
paper. SEM indicated relatively consistent results with
(MASEM), which involved the collection of quantitative data
with qualitative software and the performance of regard to the significance of the data among
quantitative analysis, to investigate pre-decision-making in hypotheses on various research problems. The
the field of sustainable tourism research—specifically the present findings serve as a reference for the
constructs of MOA knowledge exchange, involvement, and reexamination of consumers’ pre-decision-making
word-of-mouth (WOM)—as well as to examine the relevant behavior (e.g., MOA) in sustainable tourism study.
literature.
Keywords: Meta-Analysis; SEM; MASEM; knowledge sharing;
MOA; word-of-mouth; pre-decision-making; sustainable tourism
NAME : Ting 25

Professor :
I. Research topic :
The influence of Christianity on the world The influence of Christianity on the world
II. Research motivation:
1. Social influence: Study how Christian faith affects social norms and moral standards.
2. Cultural Change : Analyze the impact of Christianity on art, literature and cultural expressions
3. Personal Faith and Identity: Explore how Christian faith affects individual lifestyle, decision-
making, and behavior.
III. Research questions:
1. How has the Christian faith shaped the value system of society and culture?
2. What is the impact of Christianity on individual beliefs, morals and lifestyles?
IV. Area of Interest :
It is better combined with the development of the future goal of studying in seminary. In modern
society, Christianity also faces a series of challenges, including the conflict between technological
progress and new values, as well as adaptation and mutual respect in a multi-religious society.
The response of the Christian community will influence the future development of religion, and
the concepts of religious dialogue and cooperation become important ways to promote social
harmony. On a social level, Christianity influenced the development of cultural values, legal
systems, and social structures. At the cultural level, Christianity has inspired art and literature, but
it also faces challenges of diversity and changes in cultural identity.
 Name : Mao-Wen Fu
Professor : Dr. Gloria Chenng
Research Topics :
1. Enterprise energy conservation and carbon reduction
2. Cross-Strait Economic and Trade
Research Purposes:
1. Respond to government policies to understand the impact of greenhouse gases
2. Under the government's strategy, cross-strait economic exchanges have cooled rapidly, and the current economic
predicament has become an important issue.
Research Question:
1. How to reduce emissions?
2. How to enhance cross-strait trade?
Area of Interest:
Greenhouse gases and cross-strait issues
 RESEARCH WRITING FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS

EFFECTS OF GHOST NAMES ON GOVERNMENT PAYROLL

IN GAMBIA: UNCOVERING PAYROLL FRAUD
Research Question:

1. How does the number of ghost workers in government agencies relate to the size
of the government payroll?

Student Name: AUGUSTINE SANYANG

LECTURER: Dr. Gloria Chen
FEBRUARY 29, 2024
Writing
Writing the introduction

● What is your paper about?

Introduce the topic, along with key terms and ideas
● Why is your paper worthwhile?
Tell the reader what new insights you will offer
● How will you make your arguments?
Give some signposting about the structure of the paper
Writing the body

● Several paragraphs or sections

● Each paragraph/section covers one idea
● Information presented in a logical order that serves your
argument
● Contains all your evidence and arguments—don’t save
anything for the conclusion
Paragraph structure

✓ Follow your outline

✓ Keep your thesis statement in mind
✓ Use topic sentences
✓ Make effective transitions
Writing the conclusion

● No new arguments or evidence

● Summarize your argument and central point
● Reflect on limitations
● Suggest areas for further research
The first draft

● Turn ideas into arguments

● Maintain forward momentum—write now,
perfect later
● Express yourself clearly
● Be prepared to be flexible
● Cite your sources
Revision
The steps of revising a paper

1. Evaluating
2. Redrafting
3. Editing
4. Proofreading
Evaluating the first draft

● Does it line up with your vision of the paper?

● Is there anything missing?
● Is everything clear?
● Would a different structure work better?
● Should anything be cut?
Redrafting

● Prioritize the biggest changes

● Reformulate arguments
● Reorder information
● Make cuts and additions
Editing

● Fix grammatical errors

● Improve sentence structure
● Clarify ambiguities
● Remove redundancies
● Avoid repetition
 Proofreading
● Spelling errors
● Missing words
● Confused word choices
● Punctuation errors
● Missing or excess spaces
● Stylistic consistency (e.g. capitalization, formatting,
referencing)
Paper writing & topic
Ignatius Reyner Giovanni
Advisor: Professor Gloria
1st Assignment
02/29/2024
• Research Background :
>278 Million Indonesian > 213 Million Indonesian using Internet
(UN Dept of Economic and Social Affairs, 2023) (katadata.co.id, 2023)

Indonesian using Social Media: 167 Million

(Indonesian Ministry of Communications and Informatics,
2023)

• Research Questions :
How do restrictions on the use of Social Commerce affect the growth of SME
(UMKM) businesses in purchasing products from a social media platform?

• Research Topic :
The phenomenon of banning the use of social commerce by the Indonesian central
government helps customers find the products they want and also assists SME sellers
in promoting their products and growing their businesses.
Additional information:
Opportunity to grow:
1. Young people will be very familiar and advance with the sophisticated use
of social media (Boyd, 2014)
2. Indonesia will enter a demographic bonus in 2030 – 2045. Around 60% of
the population will be in the productive youth area (MPR RI, 2024)

Area of Interest:
Business Development, Human Resources, Human Development,
Entrepreneurship
Area of Interest
Research Writing
Prof Gloria

Romi Ilham - 11204607

Chung Yuan Christian University
 Area of Interest

2024 - 2028
(evaluate system)
2018 - 2023
(analyse system)

2011 - 2017
(create system)
Management Information System→ Computer in Human Behaviour
Research Topic: Mobile Gaming Addiction

Background
42.23% of online game
Indonesia population > Indonesia people Spends IDR 30
consumers spend > 4 hours/day
278 Million (BPS, 2023) Trillion on Online Games (APJII, 2022)
(APJII, 2023)

Research Questions: How does online mobile games addicted influence the intention to purchase online mobile games feature?

44
Area of Interest
Firza Tifany - 謝秀音
11204614
Background
The e-commerce industry in Indonesia has been experiencing rapid growth in recent years, with a population of over
270 million people, Indonesia is the world's fourth most populous country, and its large and young population is a
crucial driver of e-commerce growth. According to a report by Google, Temasek, and Bain & Company, Indonesia's e-
commerce market is projected to grow from USD 21 billion in 2020 to USD 82 billion in 2025.
Factors that contributing the growth of e-commerce in Indonesia:
1. The country's low retail penetration rate, which is estimated to be around 5%.
2. the increasing availability of mobile devices and internet access. According to data from We Are Social and
Hootsuite, as of January 2022, there were over 180 million mobile connections in Indonesia, with around 73% of
the population having internet access.
3. Several major players in the Indonesian e-commerce industry include Tokopedia, Bukalapak, and ShopeeLazada and
Amazon have also entered the Indonesian market.
However, despite the proliferation of e-commerce platforms, many users still face challenges in finding relevant
products amidst vast catalogs and navigating through cluttered interfaces. Traditional recommendation systems often
rely on collaborative filtering or content-based approaches, which may not capture the diverse preferences and nuances
of Indonesian consumers. Generative AI offers a promising alternative by leveraging deep learning techniques to
generate personalized recommendations that align more closely with individual tastes and preferences.
Research Question
How can the integration of generative AI enhance personalized product recommendations in the context of Indonesian
e-commerce, and what are the implications for user satisfaction, engagement, and ethical considerations?

Methodology :
The research methodology involves collecting data from Indonesian e-commerce platforms, including user interactions,
product catalogs, and transaction histories. Generative AI models, such as variational autoencoders (VAEs) or generative
adversarial networks (GANs), will be trained using this data to generate personalized product recommendations. The
evaluation process will include both quantitative metrics, such as recommendation accuracy and user engagement, as
well as qualitative feedback from users through surveys or interviews.
Cross-industry social enterprise model: the combination of public wel

Research purposes:
Explore how social enterprises combine public welfare and commercial activities in differe
Analyze the success factors and challenges of the cross-industry model of social enterpris
Evaluate the benefits and impact of social enterprises in solving social problems and prom
Research methods:
Literature review: Systematic review of relevant literature, including social enterprise theo
Case studies: Conduct in-depth analysis of a group of representative social enterprise cas
Qualitative analysis: Use content analysis, thematic analysis and other methods to analyze
Quantitative analysis (if applicable): quantitatively evaluate the economic performance an
 The Implication of Appropriation on Contemporary Art in Taiwan: Taking
Animation Images as an Example
Bai Rong Yi
Doctoral Program in Design, Chung Yuan Christian University

Abstract
This study explores the artistic context involved in appropriating anime images. Starting
from Dada artist Kurt Schwitters in 1947, to the artistic creation of post-1960 Pop artists Andy
Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein, the appropriation of animation images began. To this day, there
is marking of animation images in contemporary artistic expression. This is a process of
renovating using the existing value. The results of this study represent the different
evolutionary stages of appropriation involved in animation image art in a spectral form, which
can be divided into: (1) Combining different elements through appropriation collage. (2)
Deconstruction and recombination of existing elements. (3) Appropriate its elemental style to
create new styles. Discussing these three modes, we analyze the appropriation methods with
different structures and connotations. Appropriation involves the transformation and recreation
of the original, giving the work new meaning. The transformation process itself is a way of
design innovation, creating another uniqueness and distinguishing it from the original source.
As the German thinker Walter Benjamin said: Every work has its own Aura, and the works of
Taiwanese contemporary artists have local meanings as they are used.
Keywords: Taiwanese contemporary art, appropriation collage, Japanese animation,
spectrum