SYDE 361

Systems
Design
Engineering

Lecture 1
Systematic Design:
Dieter, G. et. al.
Engineering Design Ch.6

S2024 This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Welcome Back
 Overview: Keeping an Engineering Log (or Notebook) is common
Engineering in engineering practice. The keeping of a formal Engineering Log is

Logbook recommended for those conducting projects involving innovative

product design and/or engineering research and development.

Tasks involve, but not limited to: Details

1) Recording your thoughts related to 1) Any tool you use is acceptable

the project
2) Submit it on LEARN in a pdf format

2) Recording your contribution to the

3) Worth 5% of your course grade
project
4) Your contribution to your team’s project will be
3) Recording your learning
reviewed and your grades associated with the
4) Recording your reflections deliverables will also be reconsidered.
 Design Equipment Nexus (DEN)
DEN is an acronym for: Design Equipment Nexus.
It’s an online inventory of new and surplus Parts and Equipment,
strictly for Systems Design and Biomedical Engineering students.
It works like a library whereby students can borrow items for their
student and personal projects.
It includes Parts and Equipment such as: Microcontrollers, Motors,
Sensors, Power Supplies, Multimeters, Soldering Stations, Test Leads
and much more.
Check it out at: den.uwaterloo.ca

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Knowledge
& Freedom
for Design
Cycle
Mcharek, Mehdi. (2018). Knowledge management for collaborative design
and multi-physical optimization of mechatronic systems.
Engineering
Design Road Map

PDS: Product Desing Specifications

AHP: Analytical Hierarchy Process
DFM: Design for Manufacturing
DFA: Design for Assembly
DFE: Design for Environment
User Practice being a user of a product or service

Scenarios • Which user point of view: customer, operator,

maintenance person, special case as disabled:
Observe user action:
• different level of experienced users; type of information
that you want to gather
Question users about their experience
• Collect numerical data e.g. focus groups, use a
questionnaire
Define preliminary goal constraints and criteria
• constraints and objectives that lead to specifications
Quality Function Deployment - QFD
Domestic Step Ladder
Case Study
 Technical

Number of treads

dimensions when
Maximum weight
Maximum height

Nonslip legs and

Handrail on top

Maximum price
parameters

Large platform
Importance to

Non-rusting
Maximum
customer
Customer

folded
treads
requirements

Safe to use 5 1 3 9 1 9
Allows reaching the ceiling 4 9 3 1 3 3
Light weight 4 9
Step ladders for domestic Easy to store when not in use 3 3 3 9
Platform to place items and tools 3 9
use:
Easy to climb on and off 4 3 9 1 1 3
Long lasting 2 9

QFD approach in Inexpensive

Importance
4
62 63 53 45 39 36 18 69 36
9

correlating customer Relative importance 15% 15% 13% 10% 9% 9% 4% 16% 9%

Target design parameters
needs to performance

2 meters

nonslip tread surfaces

Rubber feet and

or corrosion resistant

from top tread

$50
material
5 treads

6 kg

Non-rusting coating
H =2 m
W= 0.5 m
D =0.15 m

45 x 20 cm

Handrail at 0.6 m
requirements:

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 Customer
requirements
Safe to use

Importance
Long lasting
Inexpensive
Light weight

Relative importance
Easy to climb on and off

Target design parameters

Technical

Allows reaching the ceiling

parameters

Easy to store when not in use

Platform to place items and tools Importance

2
3
4
5

4
4
3
4

to customer

Maximum
1

3
3
9

62
2 meters

15%
height
+

Number of
3

9
3

63

5 treads
15%

treads

Rubber feet
-

and nonslip Nonslip legs

9

1
1

53
13%

tread and treads

surfaces

Maximum
9
3

45

6 kg
10%

weight

H =2 m Maximum
9
3

39

W= 0.5 m
9%

dimensions
D =0.15 m when folded

Large
9
1

36

45 x 20 cm
9%

platform
+

Non-rusting
coating or
9

18

corrosion
4%

Non-rusting
resistant
material
-

Handrail at
Handrail on
9

3
3

69

0.6 m from
16%

top tread top

14

Maximum
9
36

$50
9%

price
 Desing a tool to close a hole of drywall using
minimum tools.

- User Needs HoQ - QFD

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 Physical
Decomposition
 Using House of Quality HOQ
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 Top-Down Approach to understand the

physical nature of the product.

 Translates user requirements to design

parameters

2
 Functional Decomposition

Signal: Human Fill

Sensors
rg

Material: Water a Glass of

Water

Energy: Hydraulic, Glass of

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND Electrical, Thermal

Water

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8
 Functional Decomposition
- Broad design approach that encourages diverse thinking.
- Systematic approach that describes the entire system

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9
 Functional Decomposition Stages
1) Identify the function that needs to be accomplished (Blackbox)
2) Identify the energy, material, signal flowing In & out

3) Use Conventional language to describe the individual functions

required to accomplish the task in the form of block
4) Arrange the function block in the sequence and order to
accomplish the main task (series, parallel)
Functional Decomposition

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1
Functional Decomposition Stages
5) Add the energy, material and signal flow between the functional block (NOT ANALYTICAL)

6) Examine the input-output flow lines, to see all required inputs are satisfied
7) Review each function block to confirm that function block is fulfilled by a SINGLE solution.
Conceptual
Design of
Composite
Crutches

Composites in Biomedical Applications

https://ocul-
wtl.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01OCUL_WTL/vk29f k/alma999986716205605162
23
Conceptual
Design of
Composite
Crutches

The Black Box mode:

device that would help people who are disabled to walk like able bodied-people

Note: Sound is equivalent to sensor (vibration damping)

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Pros and Cons of Functional
Decomposition
Pros:
- Facilitates initiations of options, before selecting Physical Principles or Hardware
- Ability to manipulate design problems (not rigid)
- Functional labels can be used as hints to potential solutions

Cons:
- Best suited for products that have a linear flow of material from one stage to the next.
- Function structure is a flow diagram, if the function block is not sequential or at the same time, it becomes
challenging to model it.
- Functional structure is not used to create conceptual design.
- Over decomposition can lead to subsystems that are excessive.
- It is not repeatable, against the objective.

25
 Build
Function
Structure for
Composite
crutch

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Morphological Method
Morphology: study the shape and form

Most beneficial if paired with Functional Decomposition.

Typical Morphological Design Approach:

1) Divide the overall design problem into subproblems
2) Generate solutions (design concept) for each subproblem
3) Systematically combine subproblem solutions into different
complete solutions and evaluate all combinations.

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Basketball Return
device

Functional
Decomposition

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 Only included 5 of the 10 function blocks
The number of design alternatives are 4^5 = 1024 design options

Basketball Return device

Morphological Design

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Generate Design Concepts
Screen out designs that are not feasible…
How do you decide on feasibility?

Some concepts will resolve more than one functional need or problem.

Some sub-systems (problems) are coupled, so one solution will cover both.

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 Build a morphology design chart for
composite crutch & evaluate the best
combination from your team’s perspective

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