1.

Emilio Aguinaldo (January 23, 1899 – March 23, 1901)

- born on March 22, 1869, in Kawit, Cavite, Philippines

-Nicknamed Miong, Aguinaldo was the seventh of eight children.

- died of a heart attack at Veterans Memorial Hospital in Quezon City, Philippines, on February 6, 1964,
at the age of 94.

Emilio Aguinaldo was the first president of the Philippines First Republic (also known as the Malolos
Republic). He was inaugurated on January 23, 1899, at the Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan. He led
the proclamation of the Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898, in his ancestral home in Kawit,
Cavite.

Contributions and Achievements of Emilio Aguinaldo:

-He waved the Philippine flag in declaring the independence of the Philippines in 1898

-He was the first (and only) president of the First Republic (Malolos Republic)

-The youngest Filipino president, taking office at age 28

-The longest-lived president of the Philippines, passing away at age 94

-Featured in the front and back of the Philippine 5-peso bill (not circulated anymore)

-He led the country in the Spanish-Philippine War and the American-Philippine War

-He led the proclamation of the Philippine Independence

- as the President of the Revolutionary Government

-Signed the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, creating a truce between the Spanish and Philippine revolutionaries

-He was a well-known entrepreneur, soldier, and politician

-Emilio Aguinaldo had Bachelor of Arts (college preparatory) at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran in
1880

2. Manuel L. Quezon (November 15,1935- August 1,1944)

- born August 19, 1878, Baler, Philippines

— died August 1, 1944, Saranac Lake, New York, U.S.

Manuel L. Quezon was the 2nd president of the Philippines and the first president of the Philippine
Commonwealth established under the USA. He was inaugurated on December 30, 1941, in Corregidor
Island. He’s known as the “Father of National Language” (Ama ng Wikang Pambansa). He died of
tuberculosis in Saranac Lake, New York.

Contributions and Achievements of Manuel L. Quezon:

-First President elected through a national election

-First Senate President elected as President of the Philippines

-The first president of the Philippines under the Commonwealth

-Initiated women’s suffrage in the Philippines during the Commonwealth

-Manuel L. Quezon created the National Council of Education

-He approved Filipino as the national language of the Philippines

-Studied Bachelor of Arts at Colegio de San Juan de Letran

-Studied Bachelor of Law at the University of Sto. Tomas

-Ranked 4th in the Philippine Bar Exam (1903)

-A province, a city, a bridge, and a university in Manila are named after him

-He fought for the passage of the Tydings-McDuffie Act (1934)

-His body rests peacefully inside the special monument on Quezon Memorial Circle

-Featured in the 20-peso bill, for the Declaration of Filipino as the national language

-First Filipino featured on the cover of TIME Magazine

3. Jose P. Laurel (October 14, 1943 – August 17, 1945)

-born March 9, 1891, Tanauan, Luzon, Philippines

—died November 6, 1959, Manila

- received a law degree from the University of the Philippines in 1915 and an advanced jurisprudence
degree in 1919 before earning a doctorate in civil law from Yale University in the United States in 1920.
Jose P. Laurel was the 3rd president of the Philippines and the president of the Second Philippine
Republic. His inauguration was on October 14, 1943, in the Legislative Building, now National Museum.
He served president of the Philippines during the Japanese occupation during World War II.

Contributions and Achievements of Jose P. Laurel:

-Jose P. Laurel is the only Philippine president who served the three branches of government – he
became a senator-congressman, associate justice, and president

-Since the early 1960s, Laurel was recognized as a legitimate president of the Philippines

-Organized KALIBAPI (Kapisanan sa Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas, or Association for Service to the
New Philippines), a provisional government during the Japanese occupation

-Laurel declared Martial Law and war between the Philippines and the US/United Kingdom in 1944

-He’s the Founder of the Lyceum of the Philippines.

-He’s a Law genius, ranked 2nd in the Philippine Bar Exam in 1915

-Earned a Doctorate in Civil Law from Yale University in 1920.

-Received Honoris Causa from Tokyo Imperial University in 1938

-He was assassinated twice, but he survived and recovered

4. Sergio Osmeña Sr. (August 1, 1944 – May 28, 1946)

-born Sept. 9, 1878, Cebu City, Phil.

—died Oct. 19, 1961, Manila

-He was also editor of a Spanish newspaper, El Nuevo Día, in Cebu City.

Sergio Osmeña Sr. was the 4th president of the Philippines and the 2nd president of the
Commonwealth. He was inaugurated on August 1, 1944, in Washington DC. He succeeded the
presidency after the death of then president Manuel L. Quezon. During his administration, the
Philippines joined the International Monetary Fund.

Contributions and Achievements of Sergio Osmena:

-Sergio Osmeña was the first Visayan to become president, born in Cebu City
-He joined with U.S. Gen. Douglas McArthur in Leyte on October 20, 1944, to begin restoration of
Philippine freedom after Japanese occupation.

-Founder of the Nacionalista Party

-Philippine National Bank was rehabilitated, and the country joined the International Monetary Fund
during his presidency

-The U.S. Congress approved the Bell Trade Act during his presidency

-He was 2nd placer in the 1903 Philippine Bar Exam

-Founder and Editor of a Spanish newspaper, El Nuevo Dia, in Cebu City

-Had Bachelor of Arts from Colegio de San Juan de Letran (1894)

-Had Bachelor of Law from the University of Santo Tomas (1903)

-Featured in the 50-peso bill, First Philippine Assembly, Leyte Landing

5. Manuel A. Roxas (May 28, 1946 – April 15, 1948)

- born Jan. 1, 1892, Capiz, Phil.

—died April 15, 1948, Clark Field, Pampanga

-began his political career in 1917 as a member of the municipal council of Capiz (renamed Roxas in
1949).

- first president (1946–48) of the independent Republic of the Philippines.

Manuel Roxas was the 5th president of the Philippines, the 3rd (and last) president under the
Commonwealth, and the first president of the Third Republic of the Philippines. He was inaugurated on
May 28, 1946, at the National Museum building. He held office for only one year, 10 months, and 18
days.

Contributions and Achievements of Manuel Roxas:

-Manuel Roxas was inaugurated as the first president of the New Republic after World War II

-Reconstruction from war damage and life without foreign rule began during his presidency

-Congress accepted the Philippine Rehabilitation Act and Philippine Trade Act laws under his term

-Ranked 1st Place in the Philippine Bar Exam (1913)

-Featured in the 100-peso bill, Old Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas building in Intramuros, Manila,
Inauguration of the Third Philippine Republic

6. Elpidio R. Quirino (April 17, 1948 – December 30, 1953)

-date of birth Nov.16, 1890 Vigan,Ilocos Sur Philippines.

-Date of Death Feb. 29,1956

Elpidio Quirino was the 6th president of the Philippines and the 2nd president of the Third Republic. He
succeeded presidency after incumbent president Manuel Roxas died in 1948. Quirino was 57 years old
when he was inaugurated as president on April 17, 1948, at the Malacañang Palace.

Contributions and Achievements of Elpidio Quirino:

-Hukbalahap Guerrilla movement was active during his presidency

-He created the Social Security Commission

-He created the Integrity Board to monitor graft and corruption

-During his term, Quezon City became capital of the Philippines in 1948

-Completed Bachelor of Law at the University of the Philippines in 1915

-Dean of the College of Law at the Adamson University (1941-1946)

-Ranked 2nd placer in the Philippine Bar Exam in 1915

7. Ramon Magsaysay Sr. (December 30, 1953 – March 17, 1957)

date obf Birth: August 31, 1907

Death: march 17,1957

-. He is best known for defeating the communist-led Hukbalahap (HUK) movement and restoring law and
order during his stint as the secretary of defense of the Philippines.

-Ramon del Fierro Magsaysay in Iba, a city in the Philippines, on August 31, 1907.

-Ramon Magsaysay's term came to an abrupt end on March 17, 1957, when his presidential plane
crashed, killing Magsaysay and 24 other passengers. An estimated 5 million people attended
Magsaysay's burial on March 31, 1957, and afterward, he was referred to in the Philippines as the "Idol
of the Masses."

Ramon Magsaysay was the 7th president of the Philippines and the 3rd president of the Third Republic.
He was the first president who sworn into the office wearing Barong Tagalog during the inauguration. He
died in an aircraft disaster while boarding the presidential plane.

Contributions and Achievements of Ramon Magsaysay:

-He led to defeat the Hukbalahap movement

-Chairman of the Committee on Guerrilla Affairs

-His presidency was referred to as the Philippines’ “Golden Years” for its lack of corruption

-The Philippines was ranked second in Asia’s clean and well-governed countries during his presidency

-He established the National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA) among other
agrarian reforms

-He made the Philippine a member of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization

8. Carlos P. Garcia (March 18, 1957 – December 30, 1961)

date of birth: Nov.04,1896

death: june 14,1971

Carlos P. Garcia is the 8th president of the Philippines and fourth president of the Third Republic. This
Bohol native was a lawyer, poet, and professor and served as a guerrilla leader during the Pacific War.
Garcia served as vice president under Ramon Magsaysay and as secretary of Foreign Affairs for four
years. He became president when Magsaysay died in a plane crash in 1957.

Contributions and Achievements of Carlos P. Garcia:

-Carlos P. Garcia was known for promoting “Filipino First Policy,” which favored Filipino businesses over
foreign investors

-He established the Austerity Program focusing on Filipino trade and commerce

-He became a famous poet and known as the “Prince of Visayan Poets” and the “Bard from Bohol.”

-Cultural arts was revived during his term

-He was the first president to have his remains buried at the Libingan ng mga Bayani

-He achieved 7th placer in the Philippine Bar Exam in 1923

9. Diosdado P. Macapagal (December 30, 1961 – December 30, 1965)

date of birth sept 28,1910

death: April 16, 1997

Diosdado P. Macapagal was the 9th president of the Philippines. He was a lawyer and economist, born in
Lubao, Pampanga. He was inaugurated on December 30, 1961, at the Quirino Grandstand. His daughter,
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, followed his path and became president, too.

Contributions and Achievements of Diosdado Macapagal:

-Topped the Bar Exam, 1st place in 1936

-Took a Master of Law in 1941 and Doctor of Civil Law in 1947, and a Ph.D. in Economics in 1957

-Diosdado Macapagal was a great economist, he established the first Land Reform Law, allowing for the
purchase of private farmland to be distributed in inexpensive, small lots to the landless

-He placed the Philippine peso on the free currency exchange market and encouraged exports

-The Philippine representative to the United Nations General Assembly three times

-He signed the Minimum Wage Law

-Diosdado Macapagal signed the law to create the Philippine Veteran’s Bank

-Featured in the 200-peso bill

10. Ferdinand E. Marcos (December 30, 1965 – February 25, 1986)

birth: sept 11,1917

death: sept 28,1989

Diosdado Macapagal signed the law to create the Philippine Veteran’s Bank

Featured in the 200-peso bill

Contributions and Achievements of Ferdinand Marcos:

-The first president to win a second term

-The longest-ruling president of the Philippines, he ruled for 21 years

-He declared Martial Law on Sept. 22, 1972

-He increased the size of Philippine military and armed forces

-By 1980, the Philippine GNP was four times greater than 1972

-Marcos built more schools, roads, bridges, hospitals, and other infrastructure than all former presidents
combined

-He topped 1st place in the Bar Exam in 1939

-The only president whose remains were interred inside a refrigerated crypt

-Many of Marcos Sr.’s infrastructure projects include the North Luzon Expressway, South Luzon
Expressway, Maharlika Highway, Circumferential Roads 1-10, San Juanico Bridge, and Mactan-Mandaue
Bridge

-Ferdinand Marcos Sr.’s government also completed 20 power plants so that the Philippines would be
independent of the surging prices of oil and electricity

-Notable medical institutions were also built during Marcos’s regime, such as the Philippine Heart
Center, Lung Center of the Philippines, and National Kidney and Transplant Institute

-The Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP), Folks Arts Theater, Philippine International Convention
Center (PICC), National Arts Center, Nayong Pilipino, and the People’s Park in the Sky were constructed
during Marcos Sr.’s regime to promote Filipino heritage and culture

-Marcos Sr. signed the Emancipation of Tenants from the Bondage of the Soil (Presidential Decree
No.27) in 1972

11. Corazon C. Aquino (February 25, 1986 – June 30, 1992)

birth: jan 25,1933

death: aug 1, 2009

Corazon Aquino was the first woman president of the Philippines and the first woman to become
president of an Asian country. She was the 11th president and a democracy icon, one of the 100 Women
Who Shaped World History and 20 Most Influential Asians of the 20th Century.
Contributions and Achievements of Corazon Aquino:

-The first woman to be president of the Philippines or any Asian country

-She signed the Family Code of 1987, a major civil law reform, and 1191 Local Government Code, which
reorganized the structure of the executive branch of government

-She initiated charitable and social activities helping the poor and the needy

-Was named “Woman of the Year” in 1986 by TIME magazine

-She was featured on the new 500-peso bill together with her husband, Benigno Aquino Jr.

-Among the 100 Women Who Shaped World History

-One of the 20 Most Influential Asians of the 20th Century

-One of TIME Magazine’s 65 Asian Heroes

-Received Honorary Doctorates from international universities including Boston University, Eastern
University in Pennsylvania, Fordham University in New York, Waseda University in Tokyo

12. Fidel V. Ramos (June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1998)

birth: mar 18, 1928

death: july 21, 2022

Fidel Ramos was the 12th president of the Philippines. Ramos also lived longer than the other
presidents. Like Aguinaldo, FVR was 94 years old when he died. He’s one of the most admired presidents
because, during his presidency, he restored economic growth and stability in the country.

Contributions and Achievements of Fidel V. Ramos:

-FVR was widely credited as the most effective president because he led the Philippines to economic
growth

-He promoted family-planning practices to help to solve the country’s growing population

-Hosted the 4th Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Leader’s Summit in the Philippines in 1996

-He presided over celebrations of Philippine Independence Centennial in 1998

-Ramos reached out peace talks with the rebels such as the Moro National Liberation Front and New
People’s Army

-FVR received British Knighthood from Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II (Knight Grand Cross of the Order
of St. Michael and St. George)

-The Philippine Stock Exchange became an international favorite during his presidency

-Ranked 8th Place in the Philippine Civil Engineering Licensure Exam (1953)

-The death penalty was reinstated while he was in office

-FVR was the only military officer who reached the rank of five-star general/admiral de jure who rose
from second lieutenant up to commander-in-chief of the armed forces

-Had 29 Honorary Doctorate Degrees

13. Joseph E. Estrada (June 30, 1998 – January 20, 2001)

birth april 19, 1937

Joseph Estrada is the 13th president of the Philippines and the first film actor to become a president in
the country. During his years in office, economic growth was slow, and he faced impeachment
proceedings. He became the first president in Asia to be impeached from an executive role. He was
ousted from the presidency in 2001.

Contributions and Achievements of Joseph Estrada:

-He starred in over 100 films in the Philippines and received numerous Best Actor awards

-Moro Islamic Liberation Front headquarters and camps were captured during his presidency

-Cited as one of the Three Outstanding Senators in 1989

-He became a Mayor of the City of Manila, the county’s capital

-He won every mayor election in San Juan from 1969 to 1984

-Erap was among the “Magnificent 12” who voted to terminate the agreement that allows for U.S.
control of Clark Airbase and Subic Naval Base

-He was credited with the passage of, among other pieces of legislation, the bills on irrigation project
and the protection of carabaos
14. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (January 20, 2001 – June 30, 2010)

birth: April 5, 1947

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo is the 14th president of the Philippines, the 2nd female president, and the first
Filipino president whose parent was a former president. She’s also an economist like her father, ex-
president Diosdado Macapagal. Having a master’s degree and doctorate in economics, Gloria put the
Philippine economy back in shape.

Annual economic growth in the Philippines averaged 4.5% during her administration, expanding every
quarter of her presidency. That is higher than in the administrations of her three immediate
predecessors. The peso strengthened by nearly 20% in making it the best-performing currency of the
year in 2007.

Contributions and Achievements of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo:

-Second female president of the country

-First president to take oath outside Luzon

-Gloria Arroyo oversaw higher economic growth than the past three presidents before her

-Philippine Peso became the best-performing currency of the year in Asia in 2007 during her term

eVAT Law was implemented under her term

-She supported to bring back Spanish language in the Philippines during her 9-year presidency

-She took up International Trade at Georgetown University in Washington D.C. with Bill Clinton

-Graduated Magna Cum Laude from Assumption College in 1968

-Arroyo earned a Master’s Degree in Economics from Ateneo de Manila University in 1978

-Obtained Doctorate in Economics from the University of the Philippines in 1986

-Numerous Honorary Degrees granted by prominent international universities

-TIME Magazine’s People Who Mattered list for 2005

-Forbes 100 Most Powerful Women in the World (2004 – 2009)

-Currently featured on the 200-peso bill

15. Benigno Aquino III (June 30, 2010 – June 30, 2016)

birth: feb 8,1963

death: june 24,2021

Benigno Aquino III was the 15th president of the Philippines. He was the first bachelor president. A son
of ex-president Corazon Aquino, he was also called as Noynoy or PNoy. Noynoy finished his Economics
degree from Ateneo de Manila University. He was one of the students of a former economics professor,
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, the president before him.

Contributions and Achievements of Benigno Aquino III:

- He created the no “wang-wang” (street siren) policy

-Noynoy initiated shifting to K-12 education in the Philippines

-Peace agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front in October 2012

-Oversaw 7.1% growth of the Philippine economy in 2012

-TIME named him one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World in 2013

16. Rodrigo Roa Duterte (June 30, 2016 – June 30, 2022)

birth: mar 28,1945

Rodrigo Roa Duterte is the 16th president of the Philippines. He’s one of the most loved presidents. He’s
earned a massive fanbase after transforming one of the most dangerous cities (Davao) into one of the
world’s safest when he was a mayor. At age 71, he became the oldest Filipino ever elected to the
presidency.

Contributions and Achievements of Rodrigo Duterte:

-He earned Political Science Degree from Lyceum of the Philippines in 1968

-Obtained Law Degree from San Beda College in 1972

-He initiated decongesting the Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Manila, the country’s main gateway

-Signed the Freedom of Information Order

-Duterte launched a 24-hour complaint hotline, 8888

-He signed an order for Smoking Ban in public places

-Boracay Island was rehabilitated during his term

-Launched the Build! Build! Build! Infrastructure Program

-Duterte signed the TRAIN Law and Comprehensive Tax Reform Program

-One of Forbes list of World’s Most Powerful People in 2016

-Duterte has been featured on the cover of TIME Magazine

17. Ferdinand R. Marcos Jr. (June 30, 2022 – present)

birth: sept 13,1954

Ferdinand R. Marcos Jr. is the 17th president of the Philippines. He is the second child of former
president Ferdinand Edralin Marcos and the “iron butterfly” Imelda Romualdez Marcos. His campaign is
focused on unity. BBM won the presidential election by a landslide garnering over 31 million votes.

Contributions and Achievements of Ferdinand R. Marcos Jr:

-BBM has been a public servant since 1980

-He served as a senator, congressman, governor, and vice-governor

-Marcos Jr. authored landmark laws such as the Philippine Archipelagic Baselines Law (R.A. 9522)

-He authored, co-authored, sponsored, and co-sponsored 54 bills passed into law

-BBM led the modernization of agricultural and tourism landscape of Ilocos Norte when he was a
governor

-BBM is an advocate of renewable energy and sustainable development, the Bangui Windmill Farm was
one of his astonishing energy development projects

-Philippine investment approval scored an all-time high of P1.16 trillion in 2023

-SIM Registration Act (Republic Act 11934)

-Philippine GDP grew 5.9% in Q3 2023

-BBM administration paid P1.48 trillion debt in 2023 (which amounted to 95.3% of 2023 total debt)
-President BBM issued Executive Order 51, reinforcing Diversity and Inclusion Program (DIP) for
LGBTQIA+

-He launched a 24/7 hotline 1348, “One Repatriation Command Center” for distressed OFWs

-His “Build Better More” program aims for 194 new infrastructure projects

-Marcos Jr. signed the “Ease of Paying Taxes Act” to boost our economy and protect taxpayers in the
Philippines