M.

Ed (Magister of Education)
Course Syllabus

Subject
SNo Subject Max.Marks
Code
01 MED01 Psychology of Learning and Development 100
02 MED02 Advanced Research Methodology in Education 100
03 MED03 Information and Communication Technology 100
04 MED04 Advanced Philosophy and Sociology of Education 100
05 MED05 Teacher Education 100
06 MED06 Educational Planning, Management and Administration 100
07 MED07 Educational Measurement and Evaluation 100
08 MED08 Communication and Soft Skills 100
09 MED09 Elective Subject* 100
10 MED08 Institutional Internship Programme 100
11 MED09 Dissertation and Viva Voce 100
12 MED10 Micro Teaching 100

1. Psychology of Learning and Development

UNIT-I- UNDERSTANDING THE LEARNER

Educational Psychology: Nature, Scope and relationship. Principles and process of growth
and human development. Physical, social, emotional and cognitive development. Individual
differences-determinants – role of heredity and environment and applications for educational
programmes. Personality: Structure and dynamics of personality – Theories of personality –
Integrated personality – Measurement of personality.

UNIT-II NURTURING INTELLIGENCE AND COGNITIVE ABILIITES

Intelligence: Nature, Approaches, theories, measurement. Cognitive Development: Piaget’s

and Bruner’s learning strategies. Interest and aptitudes, acquisition of language. Creativity:
Identifying creative and talented children- Factors fostering creative thinking abilities and
talent development. Concept formation. Logical reasoning, Problem solving: Educational
implication.
UNIT-III LEARNING AND MOTIVATION

Learning: Meaning, definition and Nature, Theories of Learning. Behaviourism,

Constructivism, Thorndike’s connectivism, Pavlov’s classical conditioning, Skinner’s
Operant Conditioning, Kohler’s learning by insight, Hull’s reinforcement theory, Tolman's
Theory of learning Lewis field theory, Gagne’s hierarchy of learning and Bruner’s theory:
Discovery Learning, learning and motivation Atkinson’s theory of Achievement motivation-
Techniques of enhancing motivation Maslow’s self-actualization theory, remembering and
forgetting, LTM,STM - transfer of learning and it's theories.

UNIT-IV COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY

Cognitive psychology: Meaning, definition, nature, scope, core, concepts, approaches, growth
and Fundamental concepts. Central nervous system, Autonomous nervous system, Structure
of brain, Role of brain and Neurons in learning, Synapse and Neurotransmitters in learning,
Brain Imaging Techniques, Computer Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography
(PET), Brain based teaching, Body-brain concept of learning brain plasticity, Lateralization,
Left Brain Vs Right Brain

UNIT-V MENTAL HEALTH AND HYGIENE

Mental health: Trades and preservation of mental health. Mental hygiene: Aims, aspects,
scope and importance. -Concept of adjustment types, process of adjustment, conflict-types.
Defence mechanism and its types.

2. Advanced Research Methodology in Education

UNIT - I RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

Educational Research: Meaning, Definition, Characteristics, Need and Scope. Principles
of scientific inquiry and theory development – Interdisciplinary nature of educational
research. Taxonomy of Educational research: Basic, Applied and Action research.
Educational research in India. Emerging Trends and Challenges in Educational Research.
Steps in research: selection and sources of a research problem- Statement of a research
problem, variables: definitions and types, operationalization of key terms.-objectives/research
questions. – Hypothesis: definition, meaning, role, types, characteristics and functions.
Preparation of a research proposal. Review of Related Literature (RRL): - meaning,
importance. Sources of RRL: Primary, secondary. – APA style of references, References Vs
Bibliography. Preparation of a Research Proposal: Framework of the research proposal and
strategies for writing the research proposals.

UNIT – II RESEARCH PARADIGMS AND DESIGN

Quantitative, Qualitative and Mixed methods: meaning, definition, steps and characteristics.
Quantitative Methods of Research: Experimental Research - Meaning, characteristics, Nature,
Variables in experimental research, purpose and external and internal validity. - Quasi-
Experimental Designs: Non-equivalent Comparison Group Design, and Time-Series Design.
- Simple cases of Casual-Comparative and Correlational research; - Classification by Time:
Cross- sectional, Longitudinal (Trend and Panel studies), and Retrospective; - Classification
by research objectives: Descriptive, Predictive and Explanatory.

UNIT - III QUALITATIVE METHODS OF RESEARCH

Qualitative Research: meaning, steps and characteristics. - Qualitative research approaches:

Phenomenology, Ethnography, Case studies, Triangulation and Grounded theory -
characteristics, types, data collection, analysis and report writing. - Historical Research:
meaning, significance, steps, primary and secondary sources of information, external and
internal criticism of the source. -Mixed Research: meaning, fundamental principles, strength
and weaknesses, types and limitations.

UNIT - IV SAMPLING DESIGN AND TECHNIQUES

Population and Sample: Concept of population and sample, sampling unit, sampling frame,
sample size and sampling error. Sampling Techniques: Random Sampling and Non-random
sampling. Random Sampling Techniques: simple random, systematic, stratified random,
cluster, and multi-stage. Non- Random Sampling Techniques: convenient, purposive,
judgment, quota and snowball. - Sampling in qualitative and mixed research.

UNIT - V METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

Tests, Inventories and scales: Definition, meaning, types, construction and uses. -
Questionnaire: forms, principles of construction and uses in educational research. Interview:
types, characteristics and applicability, guidelines for conducting interviews. Qualitative and
quantitative observation: use of the checklist and schedules, time sampling, field notes, role
of researcher during observation, focus group discussion. - Primary and Secondary data:
sources, online tools. Standardization of a research tool: Reliability, Validity, Item
analysis and Objectivity.

3. Information and Communication Technology

UNIT - I EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Educational Technology: Definition, Meaning, scope and relevance to modern

education - Technology of Education and Technology in Education - Need for educational
Technology in Schools - Education Technology in present scenario. Information
Technology: Concept, Definition, Meaning and Educational Significance.

UNIT - II INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

ICT: Definition, Meaning, Significance, Importance and Uses- Origin and Growth -
Traditional and Modern ICT – ICT and lifelong learning-Challenges in ICT – ICT related
Teacher competencies. Role of UNESCO in promotion of ICT.
UNIT - III INTEGRATING ICT IN THE CURRICULUM

Integrating ICT in the Curriculum: Meaning, Significance - Theories and Models - ICT
integration in India Foreign Countries – On Line Learning – On Line Exams - Virtual
learning - Smart class room Multimedia - Barriers in ICT integration.

UNIT - IV WEB TOOLS

Web 1.0 to Web 4.0 tools: Blogs – Avatar – Markers - E-book – Tutorials - Book Mark
Online - Comic Creator - Graphic Organizers - Image Sharing Online - Digital Stories -
Websites - E-mail - News Letters - Wikis Social Networking. Treasure Hunt - Cyber guides -
Scrap books - Subject sampler. Education Software and APPS. MOOCS, MOODLES, OPAC
- Animation Software.

UNIT - V TEACHING LEARNING WITH ICT

Web-based Instruction: Meaning, significance and scope - Web-based Instructional Design:

Guiding principles - Development of web-based instruction - CML, CAI, CAL, CALL:
Internet, telnet, e-mail, voicemail, Chat, Open Educational Resources & Net forum - Online
Discussion -Mobile learning – Video Conferencing - Digital resources - Techno pedagogy
for teaching and learning.

4.Advanced Philosophy and Sociology of Education

UNIT - I INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

Philosophy - Meaning, Scope. Educational philosophy - Functions. Relation between

Education and Philosophy. Relationship Between Education and Philosophy - Meaning,
Nature and Scope of Philosophy of Education - Functions of Philosophy of Education -
Aims of Education in Relation to Philosophy of Life.

UNIT - II CONTRIBUTION OF INDIAN SCHOOLS OF PHILOSOPHY

Indian Schools of Philosophy - Sankhya, Vedanta, Buddhism, Jainism, Islamism, Christianity

with special reference to the concept of knowledge, reality and values and their
educational implications. Educational Thoughts of Vivekananda, Tagore, Gandhi,
Abdulkalam Azad, Aurobindo, Dr.Radhakrishnan, J.Krishnamurthi, A.P.J.Abdul Kalam.
Educational Thoughts of prophet Mohamed and Jesus Christ.

UNIT - III CONTRIBUTION OF WETSTERN SCHOOLS OF PHILOSOPHY

Western Schools of Philosophy - Idealism, Realism, Naturalism, Pragmatism, Existentialism,

Marxism with special reference to educational theory and practice. Modern concept of
Philosophy - Logical Analysis - Empiricism and Positive Relativism – Maria Montessori,
Ivan Illich, Paulo Firrare, Emerson, Massey Thong, Fedric Nitzche.
UNIT - IV SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION

Sociology - Meaning, Definition. Relationship between Education and Sociology.

Educational Sociology - Meaning, Definition, Relevance, Scope. Socialization - Meaning,
Definition. Agencies of socialization - Family, School, Peer, Community, State. Social
Change – Nature, Meaning, Factors and Causes. Social Mobility - Meaning, Types.
Social Stratification - Meaning, Importance. Theories - Vygotsky , Bandura, Zimmerman .

UNIT - V EDUCATION AND THE SOCIAL SYSTEM

Education as a social sub-system – Education as a factor of social stratification and social

mobility. Equity in education: Education Guarantee Scheme, Education for social justice and
peace- Community schools and colleges, Education as an instrument of social change:
Westernization, Urbanization, Industrialization, Modernization, Liberalization , Privatization
and Globalization and their impact on Education - Role of Education in attaining
Millennium Development Goals – Education for social, cultural and emotional integration.

5.Teacher Education
UNIT - I TEACHERS AND TEACHING

Teachers in India: The changing profile, changing roles and responsibilities of teachers. -
Concept of Profession: Teaching as a profession, Professional ethics for teachers. - Social
status of teachers. - International Labour Organization (ILO) version of the status of teachers.
–Teacher Appraisal and accountability. Teacher Educators: Who is a Teacher educator? -
Roles and responsibilities of teacher educators. - Preparation of teacher educators. -
Continuing education of teacher educators: Institutional mechanism and provisions for the
continuing education of teacher educators.

UNIT - II TEACHER EDUCATION

Teacher education: Need and Relevance – Historical perspectives - Teacher education in the
contemporary and changing society. A critical appraisal of the present system of teacher
education in India. Recommendations of Commissions and Committees on Teacher
Education – National policy of Education and Programme of Action on Teacher Education.
Teacher Education system in India: Types of Teacher Education Institutions. - Levels of
teacher preparation: ECE, Elementary and Secondary. - Preparation of Teachers for specific
areas: work education and Vocational education, HPE, Art education.

UNIT - III PRE-SERVICE TEACHER EDUCATION IN INDIA

Pre-Service Teacher Education: concept, nature, aims, objectives and scope. Reconstructing
and Strengthening of Teacher Education: Roles and functions of IASEs, CTE, DIETs’. -
Roles, functions and networking of institutions: UGC, NCERT. NCTE. NUEPA, SCERTs. -
Issues, concerns and problems of pre-service teacher education-explanation and
commercialization. Aims and objectives and Teacher education curriculum at different
stages: primary, secondary, higher secondary. - Approaches to teacher education: Teaching as
a Profession - Qualities of a good teacher – Competency Based Teacher Education. - TQM in
Teacher Education. Quality assurance in teacher education.

UNIT - IV TEACHER EDUCATION CURRICULUM

Renewal of Teacher education curriculum: Pre-service and In-service teacher

education- Professional Identity of teachers: Role of professional organizations of
teachers, Faculty improvement programme for teacher educators. - In-service teacher
education: Orientation, Refresher courses and summer Institutes. Curriculum transaction
in Pre-service Teacher Education: Concept and importance. - Methods and Techniques:
Lecture-cum-Discussion, Demonstration, Group Discussion, Brain storming seminar,
Workshops, Team Teaching, Use of ICT, Case analysis, reading and review of original texts,
projects and assignments.

UNIT – V SCHOOL EXPERIENCE PROGRAMMES/INTERNSHIP (SEP)

Concept of School Experience Programme (SEP). – Planning, organization, Monitoring and

supervision of SEP. - Internship: concept; planning and organization. Organization of
practice teaching for developing an effective teacher: Traditional practices – Gurukula
system, Teacher Preparation Practices in Pre-independent India, Post Independent India –
Teacher education and practicing schools - Preparing teachers for rural and special schools,
teaching competency for single stream and multigrade teaching.

6. Educational Planning, Management and Administration

UNIT - I EDUCATIONAL PLANNING

Educational Planning: Meaning, Definition, Nature, Need, Characteristics, Objectives,

Principles and Approaches. - Education in Five year plan - Different levels of Educational
Planning: Long term plan, Short term plan. – Institutional Planning: Meaning, Definition,
Scope, Need and Characteristics. Educational Finance: Meaning, importance and principles.
Cost of education: Social and individual cost, Recurring and non-recurring. National and
international funding agencies.

UNIT - II EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION

Educational Administration: Meaning, Definition, Nature, Elements, Scope and Principles. –

Agencies and Organizations of Educational Administration: Central Government, State
Government, Local Authorities and their roles. National level Advisory Bodies: Central
Advisory Board of Education (CABE). National Council of Educational Research and
Training (NCERT), University Grants Commission (UGC), National University of
Educational Planning and Administration (NUEPA).
UNIT – III EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT

Educational Management: Meaning, Definition, Objectives, Administration Vs Management.

- Functions of Management: Planning, Organization, Direction, Staffing, Co-ordination,
Reporting, Budgeting (PODSCORB). Theories of Management: Taylor’s Scientific
Management, Max Weber’s Beaurocratic model and Henry Fayol’s administrative
management. Educational Supervision: Meaning, definition, need and importance – Role of
supervisor. Inspection: Meaning, definition, types, principles and characteristics. –
Supervision Vs inspection.

UNIT - IV HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

Human Resource Development: Meaning, definition, characteristics and importance. –

Aspects of HRD : – Recruitment and Placement, Performance and Potential Appraisal,
Reward and Incentive Management, Punishment and Disincentive Management, In-
service Education, Communication, Storage and retrieval of data. Decision Making:
Meaning, Definition, Importance and Role of teachers. Styles of Decision Making:
Command, Consensus, Consultation, and Convenience.

UNIT - V QUALITY IN EDUCATION

Quality in education: Meaning, Definition, indicators and importance. Quality improvement:

Meaning, need, importance and programmes. - Premises of Quality Improvement:
Organisational mission, Continuous improvement, student orientation, leadership
commitment, empowerment, collaboration, Data and Statistical thinking. - Adam’s model of
Quality Improvement. - Total Quality Management in Education (TQM): Process and
Arcaro’s Model TQM. - Measuring Quality of Education: Assessment and benefits.

7. EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION

UNIT I EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT

Educational Measurement: Meaning, Definition, properties, purpose, importance, steps and

types. Scales of measurement: Nominal, ordinal, Interval and Ratio scale with merits and
demerits. – Standard Scores: ‘T’ Scores, ’Z’ Scores, ‘C’ Scores. –Frequency
Distributions - Graphical representations, -Measures of Central tendency – Measures of
Variation. – Limitations of Measurement.

UNIT II EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION

Educational Evaluation: Meaning, Definition, Objectives, Characteristics, types and

techniques. – Role of Evaluation in Teaching - Learning Measurement. Function, Purpose,
Steps, Process. – Evaluation Vs Measurement

UNIT III TYPES OF EVALUATION

Formative and Summative evaluation: Meaning, Definition, Characteristics. – Formative Vs

summative evaluation. - External and Internal Evaluation: advantages and limitations. -
Criterion Referenced and Norm Referenced Evaluation: Meaning, definition and
characteristics. – Criterion Referenced Vs Norm-Referenced evaluation. – Diagnostic
evaluation. - Prognostic evaluation – Continuous evaluation - Comprehensive Evaluation.

UNIT IV TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES OF EVALUATION AND MEASUREMENT

Tests: Meaning, definition, importance and characteristics. Types of tests: Teacher

made test, standardized test, oral tests, written test, Essay type, short Answer, objective type,
its merits and demerits. - Techniques of Evaluation: Anecdotal Records, Sociometric
methods, Case study, Cumulative Record. Standardization of a test: Reliability and its types,
Validity and its types - item analysis.

UNIT I EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT

Educational Measurement: Meaning, Definition, properties, purpose, importance, steps and

types. Scales of measurement: Nominal, ordinal, Interval and Ratio scale with merits and
demerits. – Standard Scores: ‘T’ Scores, ’Z’ Scores, ‘C’ Scores. –Frequency
Distributions - Graphical representations, -Measures of Central tendency – Measures of
Variation. – Limitations of Measurement.

UNIT II EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION

Educational Evaluation: Meaning, Definition, Objectives, Characteristics, types and

techniques. – Role of Evaluation in Teaching - Learning Measurement. Function, Purpose,
Steps, Process – Evaluation Vs Measurement

UNIT III TYPES OF EVALUATION

Formative and Summative evaluation: Meaning, Definition, Characteristics. – Formative Vs

summative evaluation. - External and Internal Evaluation: advantages and limitations. -
Criterion Referenced and Norm Referenced Evaluation: Meaning, definition and
characteristics. – Criterion Referenced Vs Norm Referenced evaluation. – Diagnostic
evaluation. - Prognostic evaluation – Continuous evaluation - Comprehensive Evaluation.

UNIT IV TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES OF EVALUATION AND MEASUREMENT

Tests: Meaning, definition, importance and characteristics. Types of tests: Teacher made
test, standardized test, oral tests, written test, Essay type, short Answer, objective type, its
merits and demerits. - Techniques of Evaluation: Anecdotal Records, Sociometric methods,
Case study, Cumulative Record. Standardization of a test: Reliability and its types, Validity
and its types - item analysis.

UNIT V MODERN TRENDS IN MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION

Grading System: Meaning, concept, importance and merits. Methods of Grading: Direct
grading, Grading by score conversion. – Practical problems of Grading System. -Semester
System: Meaning, need, importance and Limitations. Continuous Internal Assessment
(CIA) and its advantages - Question Bank system and its advantages – Choice Based Credit
System – Projects and Assignments.- Role of Computers in Examination. Grading System:
Meaning, concept, importance and merits. Methods of Grading: Direct grading, Grading by
score conversion. – Practical problems of Grading System. -Semester System: Meaning,
need, importance and Limitations. Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA) and its
advantages - Question Bank system and its advantages – Choice Based Credit System –
Projects and Assignments.- Role of Computers in Examination.

7. Communication and Soft skills

UNIT I – LISTENING AND READING
Ability to Listen and Document what you have heard Listening - Barriers to Listening –
Documenting Reading and Comprehension Reading skills - Local comprehension - Global
comprehension

UNIT II – INSTRUCTIONS AND TRANSCODING

Ability to Read and Follow Instructions - Language of Instructions - Writing instructions
Ability to interpret and transcode information Graphic communication – Interpretation -
Transcoding

UNIT III – INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION

Asking for and responding to information-Informational Communication - Encoding and
decoding strategies - Principles of communication-Communication skill with public, fellow
employees, supervisors and customers Relational communication – Perception - Emotional
Intelligence

UNIT IV – EMPLOYMENT COMMUNICATION

Spelling and Grammar-Written communication – Spelling – Grammar Ability to fill out a job
application-Employment communication - Covering Letter - Résumé

UNIT V – COURTESY AND EYE COMMUNICATION

Expressing Courtesy-Politeness strategies - Five Magic words in English - Courteous
expressions Communication through eye contact-Non-verbal communication - Body
language - Eye Contact

8. Institutional Internship Programme

 Book reviews and content analysis. Review of records in the institution.
 Study of Annual Budget of the institution. Preparation of institutional plan.
 Administering Psychological Tests/and Experiment.
 Preparing of Abstracts for any 5 Educational Research – Articles.
 Report writing on various innovative methods of teaching.
 Preparation of Innovative Lesson Plan.
 Any other activities suggested from time to time.

Note: The Enrolled Students need to submit a report on Institutional Internship programme
for which separate guidelines have been given which has been uploaded in our website.
9.Dissertation and viva voce
Submission of research report on a topic of student’s choice.

Note: The Enrolled Students need to submit a dissertation for which separate
guidelines have been given which has been uploaded in our website.

10.Micro Teaching
Micro-Teaching shall be done on the chosen elective subject.
Elective Subject (Choose any one Subject)

SNo Elective Subject

01 Comparative Education
02 Educational Guidance and Counselling
03 Environmental Concerns and Education
04 Exploring Library and other Learning Resources

1. Comparative Education
UNIT - I COMPARATIVE EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT

Comparative Education: Meaning, Definition, Aims, Purpose. History and Development.

Methods in Comparative Education: Statistical, Descriptive, Sociological, Historical,
Analytical, Synthetical. – Research in Comparative Education.

UNIT - II FACTORS IN COMPARATIVE EDUCATION

Factors of Comparative Education- Geographical, Economical, Racial, Linguistic,

Philosophical, Moral, Religious, Sociological, Humanism, Nationalism and Democracy.
Factors in National system of education: Cultural, Economical, Political, National system
and unity, Internationalism, Languages.

UNIT - III COMPARISON OF GLOBAL EDUCATION

Educational Structure and System in various countries: U.K, U.S.A, China, Japan, Finland,
Brazil, Russia and India. Educational Administration and Teacher Education in U.K, U.S.A.,
China Finland and India. Secondary Education and Vocalization of Secondary Education in
U.K, U.S.A, China, Brazil and India.

UNIT - IV MODERN TRENDS UNESCO

Modern trends in Global education. Role of UNESCO in improving educational opportunities

among the member countries, various official organs of the UNESCO and their educational
activities. Distance Education: Concept, Need, Higher Education, Adult Education – Role of
OECD.

UNIT - V PROBLEMS OF COMPARATIVE EDUCATION

Global Educational Problems, causes and Remedies: Unemployment, Poverty,

Terrorism, Population Explosion, Illiteracy, Equalization of Educational Opportunities,
Women Education - Education of Exceptional Children, Technical and Vocational Education.
2. Educational Guidance and Counselling
UNIT I INTRODUCTION

Educational Guidance – concept and meaning, definitions - scope and significance of

educational guidance, Types of guidance – Educational, Vocational, Personal, Group
guidance – Direct, Indirect and Eclectic guidance-Guidance and its relation with
education. Career guidance – nature of work – various motives associated with work –
career development – Super’s theory – approaches to career guidance, career talks, and
career information services.

UNIT II TECHNIQUES OF GUIDANCE

Group guidance – concept, concern and principles – Procedure and techniques of

group guidance, guidance programme-various guidance services-Organization of a
guidance programme- Pre-requisites of a guidance programme –Planning of a Guidance
programme- Guidance activities- Evaluation of guidance programme-Teacher’s role
in career planning, Employment Bureau and campus interviews.

UNIT III TESTING IN GUIDANCE

Testing in guidance service: intelligence, aptitude, interest, attitude and personality

–Administering, scoring and interpretation of test scores- Non-testing techniques –
Communication of test results- Application and use of testing service for placement,
placement services.

UNIT-IV TECHNIQUES OF COUNSELLING

Counselling services-concept, nature and principles - Approaches- and scope of

counselling in education –counselling techniques-Characteristics of effective
counsellor- Group counselling techniques -Counselling for adjustment-specialized
areas in counseling-Counseling for Professional courses.

UNIT V GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING FOR SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATION

Guidance of children with special needs – problems and needs – guidance of the gifted
and creative students – guidance of under achievers, slow learners and first generation
learners – guidance for learning disabled, Drug addicts and alcoholics-De addiction
centres, Career resource centre, Evaluation of counselling, need for research and reforms
in guidance and counselling service.
3. Environmental Concerns and Education
UNIT I

Environmental Education - Characteristic and principles - Nature and scope of

Environmental Education, Aims and objectives of Environmental Education,
Environmental Awareness, Important issues in Environmental Education.

UNIT II

Man and his relationship with environment, Environmental hazards and pollution - soil,
air, noise, water, chemical and thermal, extinction of flora and fauna, need for
conservation, preservation and protection of rich environmental heritage, Programme
of environmental education for primary, secondary and higher education institutions
– Biodiversity and conservation - Global warming, ozone depletion, acid rain,population
explosion, urbanization, poverty and deforestation.

UNIT III

Environmental education, Role and Responsibilities of teachers, Competencies of

environmental education teacher, Specific approaches to teaching environmental
education, Problems of Environmental education. Nature study and Eco-clubs. Role of
Government and Non-government Agencies for environmental protection.

UNIT IV

Features of Curriculum for Environmental Education, Nature of Curriculum on

Environmental education, Concept of environment and ecosystem, Natural system,
Natural Resources, Human Systems – Technological System, Remote sensing - Steps in
preparation for Environmental curriculum at different levels of education.

UNIT V

Strategies and Methods of Environmental Education, approaches - treating environmental

issues as a separate subject, integrated approach, Discussion, seminar, workshop,
dialogue, problem solving, field trips, projects, exhibition, role of media, films and
television, Study of environmental projects, National organizations for Environmental
Protection, National Policy on Environment and Environmental laws.
4. Exploring Library and other Learning Resources
UNIT –I ELECTRONIC AND ONLINE RESOURCES

Internet - OPAC/WEBOPAC- Online data Base - E-Books- E-Journals- Web Portals-

Subject Gateway- Specialized Collection -Social Network-Blogs-wikis-Research Gate-
Others - E-Encyclopedia-Full text database-E-thesis/Dissertation- E-Questions Bank-
Online lecture note/Video Courses- Research Reports and Manuals- Others.

UNIT-II USING SEARCH ENGINE

Google – Yahoo- Alta vista-MSN- Rediff- Ask.Com- Alexa- Free Book Search.net-
AskMeNow- E-Encyclopedia-Full text database-E-thesis/Dissertation- E-Questions
Bank-Online lecture note/Video Courses- Research Reports and Manuals- Others.

UNIT-III PRINTED RESOURCES

Text Books – Reference Books – Dictionaries – Thesaurus – Encyclopedias - Magazines

News Papers – Journals - Reports – Back Copies – Thesis – Dissertation.