A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS

OF PSYCHOEDUCATION ON REDUCING THE LEVEL OF

NOMOPHOBIA AMONG NURSING STUDENTS OF AMAR
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF
NURSING,DYALPURA,MOHALI,PUNJAB.

A
RESEARCH PROJECT

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT

FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING.

BSC NURSING 4th year

COLLEGE OF NURSING
AMAR PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING
DYALPURA, DISTRICT MOHALI, PUNJAB.
2023

1
A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS
OF PSYCHOEDUCATION ON REDUCING THE LEVEL OF
NOMOPHOBIA AMONG NURSING STUDENTS OF AMAR
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING, DYALPURA, MOHALI,
PUNJAB

A
RESEARCH PROJECT

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT

FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
OF
BABA FARID UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCE
FARIDKOT, PUNJAB
2023

SUBMITTED BY

JASLEEN

2
 CERTIFIED

THAT THIS IS THE BONAFIDE WORK OF

JASLEEN

COLLEGE OF NURSING
AMAR PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING
DYALPURA, DISTRICT MOHALI, PUNJAB.

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT

FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
OF
BABA FARID UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCE
FARIDKOT, PUNJAB.

2023

Professor Dr. BABITA SOOD

PRINCIPAL
COLLEGE OF NURSING
AMAR PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING
DYALPURA, DISTRICT MOHALI, PUNJAB.
CERTIFICATE OF SUPERVISOR

3
 This is to certify that

Jasleen

Have completed their Bachelor of Science in Nursing project work on the topic

“A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS

OF PSYCHOEDUCATION ON REDUCING THE LEVEL OF
NOMOPHOBIA AMONG NURSING STUDENTS OF AMAR
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE OF NURSING, DYALPURA, MOHALI,
PUNJAB.” Under my supervision and guidance and the work is genuinely their
own.

Guide:-

Ms. Harkirat Kaur

Associate Professor
Amar Professional College of Nursing

4
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

“No one who achieves success does so without acknowledging the help of others.”

We have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the
kind support and help of many individuals. First of allwe solemnly wants to thanks the
supreme lord whose grace and blessings lead me throughout the study. Now we would like to
extend our sincere thanks to all of them who supports us because without collaboration of
many individuals it was impossible for us to conduct research.
We want to give special thanks to our Managing Director Shri Manoj Kumar for providing
this platform and favourable condition to conduct research.We express our heartfelt gratitude
towards Respected Principal Mam Professor Dr. Babita Sood, who given us the opportunity
and facilities to accomplish the task at our college Amar Professional College Of nursing.
With the grace of lord, the present study has been undertaken and accomplished under the
expert guidance and supervision of Respected Ms.Harkirat Kaur. It’s a great privilege and
honour to work with her as she is dedicated teacher. We would also like to express our
gratitude towards our parents because we are here because of them. We are also thankful to
many more who have willingly helped us out with their abilities.

Jasleen

5
 ABSTRACT

A psychological condition when people have a fear to being detached from mobile phone
connectivity. PURPOSE:-To assess the level of nomophobia and to provide effective
psychoeducation programme to reduce the level of nomophobia. METHOD:-A pre-
experimental research design with quantitative approach and 30 sample were selected by
convenient sampling technique from BSc 3rd semester of Amar Professional College of
Nursing. Data was collected with the help of self-structure rating scale to assess the level of
Nomophobia .RESULT:-Pre-Test result reveal that 3.33% students have mild level of
Nomophobia, 93.33% had moderate level of Nomophobia, 3.33% had severe level of
Nomophobia and then after psychoeducation post-test result reveals,80% has mild level of
Nomophobia, 20% had moderate level of Nomophobia and 0% had severe level of
Nomophobia. CONCLUSION:-The study finding provide statistical evidence which
clearly indicates that there prevalence of nomophobia among students and they are having
less knowledge regarding smartphone and hence having the adverse effect of using
smartphone on life.To avoid ill effect of smartphone ,use everyone and society as all should
take some precautions as reducing excessive use of smartphone and avoid processing
multiple gadgets. It is better develop do and don’t for smartphone uses.

6
 LIST OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE

NO. NO.

1. INTRODUCTION
• Background of the study 13
• Need for study 14
• Problem Statement 15
• Objectives of study 15
• Operational Definition 15
• Assumption 15-16
16
• Delimitations

2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 17-20

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3. 24
• Research Approach
24
• Research Design 25
• Research Setting 25
• Variables under study 25
• Target Population 25
• Sample and sampling techniques 25
• Description of Tools
• Development and description of 26
Psychoeducation 27
• Validity of Tools
• Reliability of Tools 27
• Pilot Study 27
• Data Collection Procedure 27-28
• Ethical Consideration 28
• Plan of Analysis 28
• Summary 28
29
4. Data Analysis and Interpretation
• Section-A :- Frequency and Percentage
Distribution of Socio Demographical
Variables of Nursing Students.
• Section-B:- Frequency and percentage
32-43
Distribution of Level of Nomophobia in
Pre-test and Post-test among Nursing
Students.
• Section-C:-Comparision Between Mean 44-
and Standard Deviation of Pre-test and
45

7
 regarding the effectiveness of
Psychoeducation on selected Samples.
• Section-D:- Association between
selected Demographic Variables and
Nomophobia among the Nursing
Students.
5. 46
SUMMARY, DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
• Discussion
• Conclusion
• Nursing Implication
• Nursing Education
• Nursing Practices 47-48
• Nursing Research
• Nursing Administration
• Limitation of the study
• Recommendation 50-51
• Summary 52
• 52
6. 52
NOMOPHOBIA QUESTIONARE 52
53
7. 53
REFERENCES 53
53
8. 54
APPENDEX
55-60

61

62-64

8
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO. FIGURES PAGE NO.

1. Schematic Represention of Research Methodology 23-24

2. Pie Chart showing Percentage Distribution of Demographic 34

Variable as Age

3. Pie Chart showing Percentage Distribution of Demographic 35

Variable as Monthly Income

4. Pie Chart showing Percentage Distribution of Demographic 36

Variable as Type of Family

5. Pie Chart showing Percentage Distribution of Demographic 37

Variable as Using Mobile Phone since

6. Pie Chart showing Percentage Distribution of Demographic 38

Variable as Religion.

7. Pie Chart showing Percentage Distribution of Demographic 39

Variable as Residential Area

8. Pie Chart showing Percentage Distribution of Demographic 40

Variable as Occupation of Father

9. Pie Chart showing Percentage Distribution of Demographic 41

Variable as Duration of Using Phones at night

10. Pie Chart showing Percentage Distribution of Demographic 42

Variable as residing with

11. Pie Chart showing Percentage Distribution of Demographic 43

Variable as Screen time

12. Bar Graph showing Percentage Distribution of Level of 45

Nomophobia

9
 LIST OF TABLE
TABLE NO. TABLES PAGE NO.

1. Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Socio 32-33

Demographic Variables of Nursing Students.

Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Level of

2. Nomophobia in pre-test and post-test among Nursing 44
Students.

3. Comparision between mean Standard Deviation of pre-test 46

and post-test regarding the effectiveness of Psychoeducation
on selected samples.

4. Association between selected demographic variables and 47-48

Nomophobia among the Nursing Students.

10
 LIST OF APPENDIX

APPENDIX NO. APPENDIX PAGE NO.

I. Letter seeking Permission for the collection of Data. 62

II. Consent Form 63

III. List of Experts 64

11
CHAPTER-1

BACKGROUND
OF
THE STUDY

12
 INTRODUCTION

“Technology is a useful servant but a dangerous master”

-CHRISTIAN LOUS LANGE-
[In today’s world technology is leading the world or we can say it plays an important role in
today’s world. Mobile phones are one of them and it became massive part of our lives and
also a personal item. There is a tremendous growth in the use of mobile phone for many
purposes like for communication, browsing, gaming, streaming, social networking and also
for reducing the stress, loneliness and for making new friends.]2
[Mobile phones become an integral part of our modern life as a result the usage of mobile
phones are increasing day by day it is like addiction and can be considered as addiction of
harmful substance that’s why it is a public health problem and we can also call it
NOMOPHOBIA. So, basically nomophobia is a type of phobia in which people have a fear
of being detached from mobile phone connectivity. Nomophobia can have adverse effects on
a person health as well as on his/her social life.]4
[Acc. to statistics 2023 including both smart and feature phones the current number of mobile
phone users is 7.33 billion in this the smart phone users are 6.92 billion and 0.41 are feature
phone users (These are basic cell phones without apps) which makes 91.4% of people in the
world.Acc. to Data reportal.com a total 1.10 billion mobile connections were active in Bharat
in early 2023, with this figure equivalent to 77% of the total population.]9
[As we know that overuse of anything is harmful so, in nomophobia the person will develop
symptoms like anxiety, trembling, perspiration, agitation, disorientation, panic,
depression.Therefore, nomophobia is a “specific phobia” fear of being out of mobile phone
contact. People, especially teenagers get very anxious when they lose their mobile phone, run
out of battery or due to less network coverage.]7
[The case report by king et al (2010), considered one of the first research studies on
nomophobia, describes nomophobia as a 21st century disorder connected with new
technologies. The researchersdefine nomophobia as a condition denoting “discomfort or
anxiety when out of mobile phone or computer contact. It is fear of becoming technologically
incommunicable distant from the mobile phone or not connected to the web.]5
[It is the fact that, millions of people suffer from nomophobia around the globe. The most
affected are from 18-24 years of age.Researchers from Korea university in seoul used brain
imaging to study the brains of 19 teenage boys who were diagnosed with internet or
smartphone addiction compared with 19 teenagers who were not addicted. The brains of the
addicted boys had significantly higher level of GABA. A neurotransmitter in the cortex that
inhibits neurons, then levels of glutamate-glutamine a neurotransmitter that energizes brain
signals.The Orrisa government (September 16 2008) announced that it has banned the use of
mobile phones in college campus, the mobile phones are found to be a disturbing element in
college campus. Gujarat government has banned use of mobile phones in schools and
colleges, saying it was affecting educational activities in the institute.]6

13
 NEED FOR STUDY

[Bharat is one of the fastest-growing smartphone markets in the world from last 5-6 years.
According to world population review the rank of Bharat is second after the china.Bharat
have the 1.28 billion active mobile phone users and is placed on second rank after the china
which have 1.6 billion active cell phone users and the numbers are increasing fastly.]4
[The term is an abbreviation for “no-mobile-phone phobia” which was during2010 study the
UK post office. The post office commissioned a research organization to look at anxieties
suffered by mobile phone users. The study found that nearly 53% of mobile phone users in
Britain tend to be anxious when they “lose their mobile phone, run out of battery or credit, or
have no network coverage.” The study found that about 58% of men and 47% of women
suffer from the phobia, and an additional 9% feel stressed when their mobile phones are off.]7
[A study conducted in Philadelphia found that since 2008 to 2012, the amount of people who
fear of being without a mobile phone has grown from 53% to 66%. Study surveyed 1000
people and found that people not only fear being without a cell phone, but almost half of
respondents said they would be upset if their partner looked through their messages. The
study also found that 18-24 age group ranks first in nomophobia.]5
[A comparative study was conducted on 729 students 368 (50.5%) of which were from
Turkey (Ankara University) and 361 (49.5%) from Pakistan (Islamia University of Pakistan)
to examine prevalence of nomophobia and the relationship among nomophobia, self-esteem,
loneliness and self happiness with respect to gender and year of study. Data was collected by
using nomophobia scale (NMP-Q), UCLA loneliness scale (ULS-8), self happiness scale, and
Rosenberg self esteem scale results in revealed that nomophobia had highest correlation with
loneliness and it was followed by self-happiness and self esteem. Moreover, nomophobia
appeared to be positively correlated with loneliness and self esteem, while negatively
correlated with self-happiness.]2
[A descriptive study to evaluate the threat of mobile phones addiction was conducted among
160 students from Belarus university, China. The data was collected using questionnaire
which also included the test for mobile phone addiction. 1/10th of the students had the
symptoms of addiction. Nearly, half (43.16%) of the sample had knowledge about mobile
phone addiction and only 28.8% were familiar with the term Nomophobia. Hence, it was
concluded that, majority of youngsters are being addicted to mobile phones and were
unaware of nomophobia. There is a need to sensitize and educate about this dreaded
disorder.]9
[On the whole the previous research studies related to mobile phones suggested that the
prevalence of mobile phones dependency, Nomophobia and other ill effects are increasing
day by day. The Researcher’s personal experiences also support the fact that Nursing
Students may affected with Nomophobia and other ill effects of using Mobile Phones and the
reason behind it may be lack of knowledge regarding Mobile Phones usage. Hence as a
Researcher We felt that the study to assess the prevalence of Nomophobia and knowledge
and effect of using smartphone among Nursing Students in College will be useful since the
younger generation is largest consumer of Mobile Phones and they use Mobile more
frequently.]7
14
PROBLEM STATEMENT
A Pre-Experimental study to assess the Effectiveness of Psychoeducation on reducing the
Level of Nomophobia among Nursing Students of Amar Professional College of Nursing,
Dyalpura, Mohali, Punjab.

OBJECTIVES
1) To assess the level of nomophobia among nursing students of Amar Professional College
of Nursing Dyalpura, Mohali, Punjab.
2) To assess the effectiveness of psychoeducation on reducing the level of nomophobia.
3) To compare pretest and posttest knowledge score of psychoeducation on reducing the level
of nomophobia among nursing students of Amar Professional College of Nursing Dyalpura,
Mohali, Punjab.
4) To find out the association between level of nomophobia with selected sociodemographic
variables of nursing students of Amar professional college of Nursing
dyalpura,Mohali,Punjab.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

PSYCHOEDUCATION
It refers to the process of providing education and information to Nursing students regarding
nomophobia in Amar professional college of Nursing Dyalpura, Mohali, Punjab.
EFFECTIVENESS
The degree to which psychoeducation is successful in producing a desired result success.
NOMOPHOBIA
It refers to the group of symptoms in which a person experience fear or anxiety regarding the
loss of their smart phones and connectivity.
NURSING STUDENTS
In this study the Nursing studentswho are perceiving Bachelors degree in Amar Professional
College Of Nursing Dyalpura, Mohali, Punjab.

15
ASSUMPTIONS
Assumptions of the study are:
1) The adults have more fear of being out of mobile phone
2) Using mobile phone for longer duration might develop nomophobia
3) Nursing students use mobile phone more frequently
4) Nursing students will have less knowledge regarding usage of mobile phones and their
effects.

DELIMITATIONS
Delimitations of the study are:
1) Study is delimited to Nursing Students Perceiving Bachelor’s degree in nursing.
2) Sample size is delimited to 30.
3) Study is delimited to Nursing students between age group of 18 to 23 years in
Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, Mohali, Punjab.

16
CHAPTER- 2

REVIEW OF
LITERATURE

17
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

[Marcos Kubrusly, Paulo Gobelaniode Barros Solva, Gabriel Vidal de Vasconcelos,

Canuel Delano Lima Goncalves, Lite, Priscilla de Almeida Santos, Mermaro Alexandre
Lima Rocha (2021) conducted a cross-sectional observational study on a 7 point Likert
Depression, Anxiety and stress were measured by the DASS-21. Academic performance was
measured through API. 292 students was assessed. All students (99.7%) had some degree of
nomophobia and 64.5% had a moderate or severe level of nomophobia. More than 50% of
the students had higher than mild degrees of stress and 19.5% and 11.2% of the students had
severe or very severe levels of anxiety and depression.]2
[Mengi A Singh, A. S. Gupta (2020) conducted a study on " The prevalence of
Nomophobia and its related Impact among medical student in southern Haryana, India". The
aim of estimate the prevalence of nomophobia among student and Interns of medical college
and its negative impacts on their sleep quality and academic performance. The present study
was conducted at SHKM GMC, among 600 MBBS students and Interns who were using
mobile phones using a pretested, predesigned and standardized Questionnaire. Test results
with p value less than 0.05 only were considered and statistically significant. Nearly two fifth
of the study subject (40.1 %) were found to have nomophobia, with scores more than twenty
four. The Pearson's Chi square analysis reflected that most of the academic performance
variables such as decline in study habits and grades, reduced concentration, coming date for
classers have a statistically significant (p2 0.000) and association with nomophobe score.]8

[Ahmed S. etal (2019) conducted a study on " Impact of Nomophobia a Non drug addiction
among student of physiotherapy course using an one cross-sectional survey". The aim of this
study was to determine the Impact of Nomophobia among he students of physiotherapy
course. An online cross sectional survey was conducted by using Google form platform
utilizing validated NMP Questionnaires. A self reported Questionnaire regarding
demographic data, Information regarding Smartphone use, lat academic performance. A total
of 157 students participated in this survey. The mean age of students was 22.2 32 year;
among them , 42.9% were male and 57.1% were female. Nearly 45% of students have been
using smart phone for more than 5 years and 54% students have MusculosKeletal disorders
during their prolonged smart phone use. The mean NMP score with 95% confidence interval
was 77.6(72.96-82.15)]2
[Veerapu, n.et.al(2019) conducted a cross sectional study on "Nomphobia among youth in
India perspective. The study aimed to find out the levels of nomophobia and its correlation
with sleeping difficulty and anxiety among medical students. The data was collected from
364 students by using sampling technique method. Results showed that out of 364 students,
62 have mild, 234 have moderate and 68 have severe nomophobia and there is a weak
positive correlation between nomophobia and sleeping difficulty and anxiety.]7

18
[AzraDacei, Hasan Ashrafi-rizi, Mohammad Reza Saleyman (2019) conducted a cross
sectional study on "Nomophobia and health hazards: Smart phone use and addiction among
university students" The study aimed to determine the relationship between the smart phone
use and nomophobia disorder among university students. The study utilized a cross-sectional
method in which 320 students were selected via cluster sampling. the incidence rate of
nomophobia disorder among the students was moderate (3.1) and 73% of the students were
moderate smart phone users. Nomophobia had a significant relationship with gender, age
group and level of education and the frequency of using smart phones had a significant
relationship with age of group and level of education.]5

[Shankar, s. et all (2018), conducted a study on cross sectional study " To assess the degree
of nomophobia among the under graduate students of medical college in Bhopal". The aim
of this study was to find out the province of nomophobia in Gandhi medical college, Bhopal.
The data was collected from 473 students undergraduate MBBS students were selected by
purposive sampling. The data was collected using a questionnaire scoring was calculated as
per NMP-Q. the percentage of female participants was 51.6% majority (56.1%) of
participants belonged to age group of 20-22 years. More than 57% participants started using
smart moble phones before attaining the age of 18 years 291(61.5%) were having moderate,
6.1% having severe nomophobia and only one participant was not suffering from
nomophobia.]4
[Harish. B.R. &Bharath, J (2018) conducted a cross sectional study on "Prevalence of
nomophobia among the undergraduate medical students of Mandya Institute of Medical
Sciences, Mandya". The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of nomophobia.
The data was collected from 450 students by using purposive sampling method. Among 418
students who consented to participate in the study 1 student was not using any phone and 12
students were using "Dumb phone (basic mobile phone without internet facility) and 405
students were using smart phones and were eligible for the further study prevalence of
nomophoic in the study population was 401 (99.0%) and among these who had nomophobia,
majority i.e. 202 (50.4%) had moderate level of nomophobia.]6

[Shankar, s. et all (2018), conducted a study on cross sectional study " To assess the degree
of nomophobia among the under graduate students of medical college in Bhopal". The aim
of this study was to find out the prevalence of nomophobia in Gandhi medical college,
Bhopal. It was a cross sectional study. The findings of the study revealed that more than
57.1% participants started using smart phones before attaining the age of 18 years. 61.5%
were having moderate. 67.1% having severe nomophobia and only one participant was not
suffering from nomophobia.]3
[Shankar, V.Singh, K.S.Jangiri, M.K.(2018), conducted a study on "Nomophobia,
Detection and analysis of smart phone addiction in Indian perpective". This study was
concern about usability of smart phone and it future consequences. The findings revealed
that 40.93% Indian who are above 18 years old addicted to smart phone addiction called
nomophobia. Females are more addicted as compared to males. It was also revealed that
person who belongs to 26 to 35 age group are more nomophobia as compare to other defined
age groups.]9

19
[Madhusudan M. Sudarshan BP, Sanjay TV (2017) conducted a cross sectional study
aimed to determine the prevalence of nomophoia and its determinants among 429 under
graduate medical students in Kerala. From fatal samples 122(28.4%) were male and
307(71.6%) female 232(54.1%), 167(38.9%) and 30(7%) were from government
management and URI quotes respectively. 206(48%) and 223(52%) from urban and rural
background respectively. The data was collected through predesigned and pre test (NMP-Q)
from the students present on the day of study. The result shows that 416(97%) of students are
nomophobic and 13(3%) non-nomophobic, 143(33%) showed mild nomophobia and
241(52.2%) moderate and 32(7.5%) severe nomophobia. 99.06% students were using smart
phone for calling family members, 91.84% for calling friends and 88.57% for listening to
music are the most common reasons for using smart phones.]5

[Madhusudan, Metal(2017), conducted a study on "Nomophobia and its determinants

among the students of a medical college in Kerala". The objective of the study was to find
out the prevalence of nomophobia and its determinants among students of a medical college.
It was a cross sectional study. The prevalence of nomophobia was assessed using the new
nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q). The findings of the study.]7
[Pavithera M.B., Madhukumar, S.Murthy, MTS (2015) conducted a cross sectional study
on "Nomophobia-mobile-phone dependence among students of medical college in Banglore".
The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of nomophobia and mobile phone
dependence among the medical students. The data was collected from 200 students by using
convincive sampling method. The study population of 200 students comprised of 47.5%
females and 52.5% males. Majority (74%) of the students spent Rupees 300-500 per month
on mobile recharge. About 23% students felt they lose concentration and became stressed
when they do not have their mobile around 79(39.5%) students were nomophobic in this
study and another 27% were at risk of developing nomophobia.]3

20
 CHAPTER- 3

METHODOLOGY

21
METHODOLOGY

Methodology of research indicates the general pattern of organization of procedure, together with

the valid and reliable data of investigation.

This chapter includes…

Research Approach, Research Design, Research Setting, Variables under Study, Target

population, Sample and Sampling techniques, Selection and Development of food, Description

of Tools, Development and Description of self Instructional module, Content Validity, Reliability

of tool, Pilot Study, Data Collection Procedure, Ethical Coordination, Plan of data Analysis,

Summary.

22
 Research Approach

Quantitative Approach

Research Design

Pre Experimental research design

Setting of Study
Amar professional College Of Nursing, Dyalpura, District Mohali, Punjab

Target Population
BSc Nursing 3rd semester students who are studying in Amar Professional
College Of Nursing , Dyalpura, Distt. Mohali, Punjab

Sample Size and Sampling Technique

30 subjects were selected by convenience sampling technique

Experimental Group

Pre-test
• Self structured rating scale to assess the Level of Nomophobia among
nursing students of Amar Professional College of Nursing student
DyalpuraDistt Mohali, Punjab
•

Intervention—Psychoeducation Program
on Nomophobia

Post-test
Self structured rating scale to assess the effectiveness of psychoeducation
programme on reducing the level of Nomophobia among Amar Professional
College of Nursing student DyalpuraDistt. Mohali, Punjab

23
 Analysis Interpretation- Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Fig 1: Schematic Representation of the Research Methodology

Research Approach
It involvesthe description of the plan in investigation of the phenomenon under study. The
choice of the appropriate research approach depends upon the purpose of the study.
Quantitative Research approach was adopted to accomplish the objectives of study that is to
assess the effectiveness of Psychoeducation on reducing the level of Nomophobia among
Nursing Students of Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, distt. Mohali, Punjab.

Research Design

A research design is a plan of how, when and where data are to be collected and analysed in
the study the investigator intension was to evaluate the effectiveness of Psychoeducation. The
Pre experimental research design includes three features like convenience assignments,
manipulation random selection. In the present study all the features were present. So pre-
test, post-test one group design (before and after design) was adopted to accomplish the main
objective of the study.

Experimental Group- R 01 X 02

Convenience Experimental Pre-test Intervention- Post test

assignment Group Psychoeducation
01
01

The symbols are describe as follows:-

C Convenience assignment

01 Pre-test

X intervention (Psycho education on reducing the Level of Nomophobia )

02 Post-test

24
Setting of study

The study was conducted in Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, District
Mohali, Punjab.

Variable under study

1. Independent Variable: Psycho education on reducing Level of Nomophobia.

2. Dependent Variables: Knowledge of Students regarding Psycho education on
reducing the Level of Nomophobia.

Population

Population is a complete set of persons or objects that passes some common characteristics
that are of interest to the researcher.

Target Population

Target population was BSc Nursing 3rd semester students who were studying at Amar
Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, District Mohali, Punjab.

Sample and Sampling technique

Samples are the representative unit of a target population, which is to be worked upon by the
researcher during the study. Sampling is the process of selecting a representative part of the
population.

Convenience sampling technique was used to select 30 subjects ( 30 in experimental group).

SAMPLE (n-30)

Experimental Group (n-30)

25
Description of the Tool

Tool consisted of 2 sections.

Section-A Demographic profile

Section-B Self Structured Rating Scale to assess the Level of Nomophobia among
Nursing Students of Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, Distt.
Mohali, Punjab.

Section-A Demographic profile

Demographic profile was used to collect personal information about the Subjects such as
age of the subjects, gender, religion, educational status, occupational status, economic status,
type of cell phone they are using.

Section-B Self Structured Rating Scale

This part consisted of self structured rating scale for assessment of nomophobia. Each
answer will be given score. It includes 25 items of the tool.

Scoring- Each answer carry maximum score ‘’Five” and minimum “One”:. There is no
negative score.

Maximum score-125

Minimum score-25

Score interpretation = obtained score X 100

Total score

Criteria measure:-

Score Level of Knowledge

NMPQ 25 – 58 Mild nomophobia

NMPQ 59 – 91 Moderate nomophobia
NMPQ 92 – 125 Severe nomophobia

26
Development and description of the Psychoeducation:

Psychoeducation was developed according to the planned objectives. The Psycho education
was developed after extensive review of literature, seeking opinion of experts, internet books,
journals and from personal experiences. After that Structured Teaching Program regarding
Psycho education to reduce the Level of Nomophobia was given to Nursing Students from
validity. The Psycho education consisted of Pattern of Teaching.

The steps involve in the development of the structure teaching program were

• Review of literature
• Experts validated the content and suggestions were considered
• Editing of Structured Teaching Programme based on suggestions of experts.

Validity of Tool

Validity refers to the degree to which an instrument measures what it is supposed to be

measuring. The Structured Teaching Programme to assess the effectiveness of Psycho
education to reduce the Level of Nomophobia and along with objectives was given to
Nursing Students from the field of Mental Health from Amar Professional College of
Nursing, Dyalpura, Distt. Mohali, Punjab. There were 32 items in questionnaire related to
knowledge. Therefore certain additions and deletions and refinement of the tool was done
after the suggestions of experts, 25 items were finalized in tool. The tool was prepared by the
investigator under the guidance of experts and on the basis of objectives. The content
validity of the tools was obtained from research experts from the Department of Psychiatric
Nursing.

Reliability of Tool

Reliability of an instrument is concerned with how consistently the measurement technique

measures the concept of interest. Reliability of the structured knowledge questionnaire was
assessed. The reliability was checked by interrater method. Reliability and practicability of
tool was tested through pilot study.

27
Pilot Study

Pilot study is referred to a small-scale preliminary tryout of the method to be used in an

actually large study, which acquaints the researcher with problems that can be corrected and
to assess the feasibility of the study. The pilot study was carried out on 10 subjects
(experimental group) in month of April 2023, Experimental group was selected from Amar
Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, District Mohali, Punjab to find out the feasibility
of the study.

Data Collection Procedure

Main data collection was carried out in the month of April 2023. Total 30 subjects were in
target population (Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, District Mohali, Punjab).
30 subjects were selected from Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, District
Mohali, Punjab by convenience sampling technique (30 in experimental group selected from
Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, District Mohali, Punjab). Prior permission
was obtained from higher authorities of Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura,
District Mohali, Punjab. The researcher developed report with the subjects and purpose of
data collection was explained to them. After obtaining the written informed consent from the
respondents, during the pre testquestionnaire were given to each subjects in experimental
group for 30 minutes to assess the knowledge regarding Psychoeducation on reducing the
Level of Nomophobia. After taking pretest Structured teaching program was given to
subjects in experimental group. After 7 days, post test knowledge of subjects in experimental
group was assessed.

Ethical consideration

Approval was taken from the ethical and research committee of the Amar Professional
College of Nursing, Dyalpura, District Mohali, Punjab. Permission of data collection was
taken from the Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, District Mohali, Punjab for
experimental group. Written informed consent was taken from the individual subject.
Confidentiality of the information was maintained. After the completion of study.

28
Plan of analysis

The data collected by the researcher was transformed to the master sheet prepared for each
section of tool. The descriptive and inferential statistics are used to achieve the objective of
the study. Demographic data related to respondents was analyzed in term of frequencies and
percentage. Mean, Median, Mode would be calculated from score obtained from subjects in
both groups i.e. in experimental group

Summary

This Chapter deals with the Research approach, Research Design, Research Setting,
Variables under study, Population, Samples and Sampling Technique, inclusion and
exclusion criteria, development and description of tool, development and description of
structured teaching Programme, content validity, reliability of tool, pilot study, data
collection procedure, ethical consideration plan for data analysis and summary. This chapter
gives direction for the analysid and interpretation of data.

29
 CHAPTER- 4

DATA ANALYSIS
AND
INTERPRETATION

30
 Data Analysis And Interpretation
This chapter deals with the research approach, research design, research setting, variables
under study, population, samples and sampling technique, inclusion and exclusion criteria,
development and description of tool, development and Description of Structured teaching
programme, content validity, reliability of tool, pilot study, data collection procedure, ethical
consideration plan for data analysis and summary. This chapter gives direction for the
analysis and interpretation of data.

Data analysis was done by using descriptive and interferential statistical procedure. The items
were after assessment and evaluation and the results were tabulated. The statistical methods
used for analysis were mean, deviation and chi square test based on information data were
classified as follows.
Analysis is the categorization of obtained score to researcher analysed and interpreted under
following section.
Section A

Frequency and percentage distribution of socio demographical variables of nursing students

Section B

Frequency and percentage distribution of level of Nomophobia in pretest and posttest among
nursing students.

Section C

Comparision between mean and standard deviation of pretest and regarding the effectiveness
of psychoeducation on selected sample.

Section D

Association between selected demographic variables and Nomophobia among the Nursing
Students

31
SECTION- A
Frequency and percentage distribution of socio demographic variables of nursing students.

DEMOGRAPHIC FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE(%)

VARIABLES
1)AGE
18-19 YEAR 13 43.3%
20-21 YEAR 15 50%
22-23 YEAR 2 6.6%
2)TYPE OF FAMILY
JOINT FAMILY 10 33.3%
NUCLEAR FAMILY 20 66.6%
3)RELIGION
HINDU 26 86.6%
SIKH 2 6.6%
OTHER 2 6.6%
4)RESIDETIAL AREA
RURAL 15 50%
URBAN 15 50%
5)MONTHLY INCOME
<20,000 5 16.6%
20,000-30,000 9 30%
30,001-40,000 4 13.3%
>40,000 12 40%
6)OCCUPATION OF
FATHER
BUSINESS 10 33.3%
GOVT. JOB 6 20%
PRIVATE JOB 7 23.3%
OTHER 7 23.3%

7)DURATION OF USING
PHONE AT NIGHT
1 HOUR 12 40%
2 HOUR 13 43.3%
3 HOUR 2 6.6%
4 HOUR 3 10%
8)USING MOBILE PHONE
SINCE
FROM 1 YEAR 3 10%
2-3 YEAR 15 50%
4-5 YEAR 7 23.3%
6-10 YEAR 5 16.6%
9)RESIDENCE
WITH FAMILY 9 30%
IN HOSTEL 17 56.6%
IN PAYING GUEST 4 13.3%
32
10)SCREEN TIME
<2 HOUR 14 46.6%
2-6 HOUR 13 43.3%
7-10 HOUR 3 10%

TABLE-4.1
Implies the distribution of samples respodents according to certain demographic factors such
as age, types of family,religion ,residential area ,montly family income, occupation of fathers,
duration of using phone, using mobile phone . Since from 1year,residity with family,screen
time .

Among 30 Samples with nomophobia, the age of the students samples, was in [18-
19year],43.3% was in [20-21year], 15 [50%] was in [22-23year], 2[6.6%].Regarding types of
family , joint belong to 10 [33.3%] nuclear 20[66.6%]. Regarding to religion,Hindu 26
[86.6%],sikh 2 [6.6%], other 2 [6.6%].Regarding to residential area rural 15 [50%] urban 15
[50%]. Regarding to monthly family income [< 20,000] 5 [16.6%], [20,000-30,000] 8
[26.6%], [30,000-40,000] 4 [13.3%], [>40,000] 12 [40%] . Regarding to ouccpation of father
,business 10 [33.3%] , govt. 6 [20%] private job 7 [23.3%].Regarding to duration of phone
using phone at night 1hr 12 [40%] , 2hr 13 [43.3%] , 3hr 2 [6.6%] , 4hr 3 [10%]. Regarding
to using phone since from 1 year 3 [10%] , 2-3 year 15 [50%] , 4-5 year 6 [20%] , [6-10 year]
, 5 [16.6%] . Regarding to residity with family 9 [30%], in hostel 17 [56.6%], Pg 4 [13.3%].
Regarding to screen time <2hr 14 [46.6%] ,2-6hr 13 [43.3], [7-10 hr] 3 [10%].

33
 Age

6.60%

43.30%

50%

18-19 20-21 21-23

Figure 2:-Pie
Pie Chart showing Percentage distribution ofdemographic variable as per age.

34
 Type of family

0 0

33.30%

66.60%

Nuclear Joint

Figure3:-Pie Chart showing percentage distribution of demographic variable as per type of family

35
 Religion

6.60%
6.60%

86.60%

Hindu Sikh Others

Figure 4:-Pie Chart showing percentage distribution of demographic variable as per Religion.

36
 Residential Area

0 0

50% 50%

Rural Urban

Figure :-5Pie Chart showing Percentage distribution of demographic variable as per Residential area.

37
 Monthly income

16.60%

40%

26.60%

13.30%

<20,000 20,000-30,000 30,001-40,000 >40,000

Figure:-6Pie Chart showing percentage distribution of demographic variab

variable
le as per Monthly income.

38
 Occupation Of Father

23.30%

33.30%

20.00%

Business Govt. Job Private Job

Figure:-7Pie Chart showing percentage distribution of demographic variables as per occupation of

father.

39
 Duration of using Phone At Night

10%
6%

40%

43.30%

Figure:-8Pie Chart showing percentage distribution of demographic variables as per duration of using
phone at night.

40
 Using mobile phone since

10%
16.60%

from 1year
20%
2 year
2-3
4 year
4-5
50%
6
6-10 year

Figure:-9Pie Chart showing percentage distribution of demographic variables as per using mobile
phone since.

41
 Residence

13.30%
30%

56.60%

With Family In Paying Guest In Hostel

Figure :- 10Pie Chart showing percentage distribution of demographic variable as per residence.

42
 Screen Time

10%

46.60%

43.30%

< 2 Hour 2-6 Hour 6-7 Hour

Figure :-11Pie Chart showing percentage distribution of demograph

demographic
ic variable as per screen time.

43
 Section-B

Frequency and percentage distribution of level of nomophobia in pre-test and post-test among
nursing student.
N=30
LEVEL OF PRETEST POST-TEST
NOMOPHOBIA
frequency %age Mean frequency %age Mean
score score

MILD 1 3.33% 56 24 80% 46.21

MODERATE 28 93.33% 70.43 6 20% 64.7

SEVERE 1 3.33% 95 0 0% 0

TOTAL 30 100% 30 100%

- -

TABLE4.2-
Show that at the pretest and post test based on self structured rating on the pretest among the
30 Nursing students pretest 1 (3.33%) was severe Nomophobia. 28 (93.33%) was in moderate
Nomophobia. 1 (3.33%) was in the mild level of Nomophobia. In the posttest 24 (80%) was
in the mild level and 6 (20%) moderate level of Nomophobia and none of them in severe
level of Nomophobia.

44
 percentage distribution of level of nomophobia

100.00%
93.30%

90.00%

80%
80.00%

70.00%

60.00%

pre-test score
50.00%
post-test score

40.00%

30.00%

20%
20.00%

10.00%
3.33% 3%
0%
0.00%
mild moderate severe

Figure:-12

45
 SECTION –C

Comparison between mean and standard deviation of pretest and regarding the effectiveness
of Psychoeducation on selected samples.
N=30

Mean Standard deviation

Pre-test 75.02 8.58
Post-test 48.6 13.2

TABLE-4.3-
Indicate assessment of pretest mean value 75.02 with standard deviation 8.58. overall post-
test mobile phone dependence regarding psychoeducation in post-test mean48.6 and standard
deviation 13.2.

46
SECTION-D

Association between selected demographic variables and nomophobia among the nursing
students.
N=30
S.No. Demographic Post score P Value
variables Mild Moderate Severe X2
N %age N %age N %ag
e
1 Age df=4
18-19years 11 36.67% 2 6.67% 0 0 1.28 p=9.488
20-21years 12 40% 3 10% 0 0
22-23years 1 3.33% 1 3.33% 0 0
2 Types of df=2
Family 7 23.33% 3 10% 0 0 22 p=5.991
Joint 17 56.67% 3 10% 0 0
Nuclear
3 Religion df=4
Hindu 21 70% 5 16.67% 0 0 1.635 p=9.488
Sikh 2 6.67% 0 0% 0 0
Others 1 3.33% 1 3.33% 0 0
4 Residential
Area 0 df=2
Rural 12 40% 3 10% 0 0 p=5.991
urban 12 40% 3 10% 0 0
5 Monthly family
income df=6
<20,000 4 13.33% 1 3.33% 0 0 2.076 p=12.592
20,000-30,000 6 20% 3 10% 0 0
30,001-40,000 4 13.33% 0 0% 0 0
>40,000 1 33.33% 2 6.67% 0 0
0
6 Occupation of 0.509 df=6
father p=12.592
Business 8 26.67% 2 6.66% 0 0
Govt. job 5 16.67% 1 3.33% 0 0
Pvt.job 5 16.67% 2 6.67% 0 0
other 6 20% 1 3.33% 0 0
7 Duration of
using phone at df=6
night 1 36.67% 1 3.33% 0 0 3.939 p=12.592
1 hour 1 30% 4 13.33% 0 0
2 hours 9 3.33% 1 3.33% 0 0
3 hours 1 10% 0 0% 0 0
4 hours 3

47
8 Using mobile 1 3.33% 2 6.67% 0 0 6.06 df=6
phone since 1 43.33% 2 6.67% 0 0 p=12.592
From 1 year 3 16.67% 2 6.67% 0 0
2-3 years 5 16.66% 0 0% 0
4-5 years 5
6-10 years
9 Residing with 2.752 df=4
family 8 26.67% 1 3.33% 0 0 p=9.488
In hostel 1 46.66% 3 10% 0 0
As paying guest 4 6.67% 2 6.67% 0 0
2
10 Screen time 6.526 df=4
<2 hours 1 46.67% 0 0% 0 0 p=9.488
2-6 hours 4 26.67% 5 16.67% 0 0
7-10 hours 8 6.66% 1 3.33% 0 0
2
Level of significance p<0.05
TABLE-4.4-
Indicates that there is no association between the effectiveness of psychoeducation in
reducing the level of nomophobia among 30 Nursing students with selected socio-
demographic variables except in the socio-demographic variable of type of family.

48
CHAPTER-5

SUMMARY
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION

49
DISCUSSION

The chapter with some of the significant observation made during the study.
The result of the study differ from information already available in the existing
literature on the subjects out 30 students .
Section – A
Frequency and percentage distribution of socio demographic variable of nursing students.
Section – B
Frequency and percentage distribution of level of nomophobia in pre test and post test
among nursing students .
Section – C
Comparision between mean and standard deviation of pre test and post test regarding
the effectiveness of psychoeducation on selected students.
Section – D
Association between selected demographic variables and nomophobia among the nursing
students.

Section – A
Frequency and percentage distribution of socio demographic variable of nursing students.
Maximum score of students in the age group of 20 -21 year (50%) and minimum score in
the age group of 22-23 year (6.6%). The maximum knowledge score according to type of
family (66.6%) obtained by nuclear family and (33.3%) obtained by the joint family.
Maximum knowledge score according to religions (86.6%) obtained by Hindu followed by
(6.6%) by sikh and (6.6%) obtained by other.Maximum knowledge score according to
residentalarea (50%) obtained by rural and (50%) Obtained by urban.Maximum knowledge
score according to income group (40%) obtained by income group >40,000 ,(16.6%)
obtained
by income group <20,000 ,(26.6%) obtained by income group 20,000-30,000, (13.3%)
obtained by income group 30,000-40,000 .Maximum knowledge score according to
occupation
of father (33.3%) obtained by business, (23.3%) obtained by private job, (20%) obtained by

50
govt. Maximum knowledge score according to Duration of using phone at night (43.3%)
obtained by 2hrs, (40%) obtained by 1hrs, (10%) obtained by 4hrs ,(6.6%) obtained by 6 hrs.
Maximum knowledge score according to using phone since from (50%) obtained by 2-3 yrs,
(20%) obtained by 4-5 yrs, (16.6%) obtained by 6-10 yrs ,(10%) obtained by 1 hrs.
Maximum knowledge score according to residity (56%) obtained in hostels ,Minimumscore
(13.3%) obtained in PG .Maximum knowledge score according to screen time (46.6%)
obtained by < 2hrs and minimum (10%) obtained by 7-10 hrs .

Section-B
Frequency and Percentage distribution of level of nomophobia in pretest and post test among
Nursing students.
Show that at the pretest and post test based on self structured rating. On the pretest among
The 30 nursing students pretest 1(3.33%) was severe nomophobia 28(93.33%) was in
moderate
Nomophobia 1(3.33%) was in the mild level nomophobia . in the post test 24(88%) was in
mild
Level and 6(20%) moderate level of nomophobia and none of them in severe level of
nomophobia .

Section –C
Comparison b\w mean and standard deviation of pretest and post test regarding the
effectiveness of psychoeducation on selected samples.
Indicate assessment of pretest mean value 75.02 with standard deviation 8.58.
Overall post test mobile dependence regarding psychoeducation on post test mean 48.6 and
Standard deviation 13.2.

Section – D
Association b\w selected demographic variables nomophobia among the samples.
Indicate that these is no association b\w the effectiveness of psychoeducation in reducing the
Level of nomophobia among 30 samples (Nursing Students) with selected socio-demographic
Variables except in the socio-demographic variables of type of family.

51
 CONCLUSION

The study finding provide statistical evidence which clearly indicates that their prevalence
of nomophobia among student and they are having less knowledge regarding smartphones
& hence having more adverse effect of using smartphones on life. To avoid ill effect of
Smartphones use, everyone & society as whole should take some precautions as reducing
Excessive use of smartphones & avoid possessing multiple gadgets. It is better to develop do
• & don’ts for smartphone usage. For this an information bookelet was given their
knowledge
Regarding their knowledge regarding smartphones use.
Nursing Implication –
The present study has several implication in nursing practice, nursing education , nursing
Research and nursing administration .
Nursing Education –
• Nursing education should prepare effective nurses. Active participation of nurses in
conducting Educational programme to provide health education regarding the ill
effects of nomophobia.

• Publish booklets regarding the physiological amd psychological effects of

nomophobia and distribute them to the youth. So, they can aware about it.

• Nursing personal should be given in-service education to update their knowledge .

So, nurses Reduce the use of mobile phones for getting knowledge or to solve their
Queries.

Nursing Practice-
• Being the backbone of health team ,nurses are a great responsibility in educating the
people especially our youth about ill- effects of overuse of smartphone and about the
ideal ways to use smartphones to reduce the prevalence of nomophobia.
• Psychiatry health nurse and other professionals should be aware about
psychoeducation to reduce prevalence of nomophobia. Psychoeducation is an
important part for individual.

52
Nursing Research-
• The findings of the present study helpful for nursing professionals and students to
conduct further studies related to nomophobia among childhood and teenage also so,
we came to know about the prevalence of nomophobia among childhood and
teenagers.
• There is a need for intensive and extensive research in this area.it opens a big avenue
for research on innovative methods of creating awareness ,development of teaching
and for creating awareness among the public regarding nomophobia.

Nursing Administration –
• The nurse administrator should take active part in the policy making,
developing protocols, standing orders related health education regarding
nomophobia .
• Nursing administrator can also take the initiative inparting health information
through different effective methods.
• Nurse administrator should take interest in motivating the nursing personnel
and students to limit their smartphones uses at list during work or study time .

Limitation of the Study-

• Study was limited to B.Sc Nursing 3rd semester only.
• Extraneous variables were beyond researcher’s control.
• Data collection was based on the rating scale.
• The size of the sample was only 30.

Recommendatoins –
• A Quazi – experimental study can be done .
• A descriptive study on assessing the knowledge and attitude of nursing students and
its management.
• The study can be replicated with the nursing students on a large sample to validate
and generalize the findings for a large population .
• The similar study can be replicated with large sample with different smartphone usage
Patterns .
• Conducting further studies on the subject of study by applying it to facility members
in public and private universities.

53
SUMMARY

This chapter deal with a brief account of study undertaken including the conclusion drawn
from finding , implication of study and recommendation for further researches .
The present study was conducted to assess the level of nomophobia among nursing students.
The area selected for the study was Amar Professional College Of Nursing Dyalpura A pre-
experimental approach was used in the study using convenience sampling technique student
were selected (N = 30) . Data was collected with the help of self – structured rating scale to
assess the level of nomophobia , then psychoeducation given to the student to reduce the level
of nomophobia . Pre- test result reveals that 3.33% students has mild level of Nomophobia,
93.33% student has moderate level of Nomophobia and3.33% students has severe level of
Nomophobia and then after psychoeducation post – test result reveals 80% has mild level of
Nomophobia , 20% had moderate level of Nomophobia and 0 % has moderate level of
Nomophobia .

54
 Nomophobia Questionnaire
Demographic variables

Frequency and percentage distribution of demographic variables of adult about

nomophobia.
Q-1 Age in year ?
a) 18 - 19 years
b) 20 - 21 years
c) 22 - 23 years
d) 24 - 25 years
Q-2 Gender ?
a) Male
b) Female
Q-3 Educational Level
a) B.Sc. Nursing 1st Semester
b) B.Sc. Nursing 3rd Semester
c) B.Sc. Nursing 3rd Year
Q-4 Marital Status ?
a) Single
b) Married
c) Widow
d) Divorced
Q-5 Family system ?
a) Nuclear family
b) Joint family
c) Broken family
d) Extended family
Q-6 Religion ?
a) Hindu
b) Muslim
c) Christian
d) Sikh
Q-7 Residential Area ?
a) Rural
b) Urban
Q-8 Monthly Income of the family ?
a) ≤ 20,000
b) 20,000 - 30,000
c) 30,000 - 40,000
d) ≥ 40,000

55
Q-9 What is the profession of your father ?
a) Business
b) Govt Job
c) Private Job
d) Other
Q-10 What is the profession of your mother ?
a) Business
b) Govt Job
c) Private Job
d) Other
Q-11 Which type of Gadget you are using ?
a) Smart phones
b) Laptop
c) Tablet
d) Other

Q-12 How many SIM Card do you carry ?

a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) above four
Q-13 How much money do you spend every month on mobile recharge ?
a) Rs 249-349
b) Rs 479-543
c) Rs 749-899
d) More than Rs 899
Q14 How long do you speak on mobile phone per day ?
a) Less than 30 minutes
b) 30-60 minutes
c) 2-3 hours
d) more than 6 hours
Q15 What is the highest searched content on phone ?
a) Reels
b) Games
c) Study
d) Movies
Q16 How much time you use your mobile phone at night ?
a) 1 hour
b) 2 hour
c) 3 hours
d) 4 hours

56
Q17 What kind of phone do you use ?
a) i phone
b) Android
c) Feature phone
d) None of the above
Q-18 How far long you have been using mobile phone ?
a) From one year
b) Two to Three years
c) Four to Five years
d) Six to Ten years
Q-19 Residing ?
a) With family
b) In Hostel
c) As paying guest
d) With a relative
Q-20 Age at which first started to use your own mobile phone ?
a) <10 years
b) 10-14 years
c) 15-18 years
d) >18 years
Q-21 Average duration of mobile use per day ?
a) <2 hours
b) 2-6 hours
c) 7-10 hours
d) >10 hours

57
 PART-B
SELF STRUCTURED RATING SCALE ON NOMOPHOBIA
S.NO QUESTONNAIRSE STRONG DISAGREE NEUTRAL AGREE STRONG
DISAGREE AGREE
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
1 I would feel nervous or
anxiety if I don't have
my cell phone.
2 I would have fear of
using my cell phone.
3 My cell phone usage
has causes disruption
in my goal or
professional life.
4 I would think I am
addicted to my cell
phone.
5 I would feel tensed
when my phone don't
have network
coverage.
6 I feel anxious to sleep
without my cell phone.
7 I would have fear of
being out of cell
phone.
8 I would always carry
my cell phone charger.
9 I belief that I have a
habit of watching
(hotstar , netflix).
10 I would worry about
the end of my cell
phone booster plan.
11 I would have fear
about the battery
failure in traveling.
12 I would fear for
radiation while talking
on my cell phone.
13 I would use my cell
phone at mid night,
checking e-mail and
messaging to friends.
14 If I did not have my
cell phone with me, I
would feel anxious
because I could not
check my email
messages.

58
15 If I did not have my
cell phone with me, I
would feel weird
because I would not
know what to do.
16 I would feel
uncomfortable
without constant
access to information
through my cell
phone.
17 I would be angry if I
could not look
information up on my
cell phone when I
wanted to do so.
18 Being unable to get
the news (e.g. Sports,
Social media etc) on
my cell phone would
make me nervous.
19 Running out of battery
in my cell phone would
scare me.
20 If I do not have a data
signal or could not
connect to wifi, then I
would constantly
check to see if I had a
signal or could find a
wifi network.
21 If I could not check my
cell phone for a while,
I would feel a desire to
check it .
22 If I did not have my
cell phone with me, I
would feel anxious
because I could not
instantly communicate
with my family and
close friends.
23 If I did not have my
cell phone with me, I
would feel anxious
because my constant
connection to my
family and friends
would be broken.

59
24 If I did not have my
cell phone with me, I
would feel
uncomfortable
because I could not
stay up-to-date with
social media.
25 If I do not have my cell
phone with me, I
would feel awkward
because I could not
check my notifications
for up-dates from my
connections.

60
 Reference

1. pubmet.com
2. Ahmed S, Pokhrel N, Roy S, Samuel AJ. Impact of Nomophobia: Anon drug
addiction among students of physiotherapy course using an online cross sectional
survey. Indian J Psychiatry.2019;61(1):77-80. Available from: http://www.india-
njpsychiatric.org/text.asp?2019/61/1/77/249666
3. Pavithra MB, Suwarna M, Murthy TS. A study on nomophobia-mobile phone
dependence among nursing students of medical college in Bangalore, Natl j
community med.2015;6(3):340-44.
4. Shankar S, Melwani V, Melwani S, Priya A, Gupta M, Khan A. Astudy to assess the
degree of nomophobia among the undergraduate students of medical college in
Bhopal, Int J Community Med Public Health. 2018;5(6): 2442-45.
5. Madhusudan M, Sudarshan BP, Sanjay TV, Gopi A, Fernandes SDA, Nomophobia
and its determinants among the students of medical college in kerala. INT J Med Sci
Public Health.2017; 6(6):1046-49.
6. Harsh BR, Bharath J. prevalence of nomophobia among the under graduated medical
students of MandyaInstittue of medical Sciences, Mandya.Int J community med
public health.2018;5(12):5455-59.
7. Vertapu, N. Philip, R.K.B. Vasireddy, H., Gurrala S., Kanna, S.T.(2019). A study on
nomophobia and its correlation with sleeping difficulty and anxiety among medical
students in medical college, Telangana. International Journal of community medicine
and public health.
8. Mengi A, Singh A, Gupta V. An institutions based study to assess the prevalence of
nomophobia and its related impact among medical students in southern Haryana,
India. J family Med Prime care 2020;9:2303-8.
9. Shankar, V., Singh, K., Jangir, M.K. (2018) NOMOPHOBIA: Detection and analysis
of smart phone addiction in Indian Perspective. International Journal sof Applied
Engineering Research.

61
APPENDIX-1

62
 APPENDIX-2

CONSENT FORM

CODE NO.

I………………………………………. here by give my consent for my participation in the study

titled.

“A Pre- Experimental Research study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching

Programme on knowledge regarding Psychoeducation on reducing the level of Nomophobia
among Nursing students of Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dyalpura, Distt. Mohali,
Punjab.”

I have been explained about the study and I am ready to participate in the study.

DATE:-

Signature of Participant-

63
 APPENDIX-3

List of the experts

DR. BABITA SOOD Principal

M,Sc. in Medical Surgical Nursing,
Amar Professional College Of Nursing, Dayalpura, Mohali, Punjab
Mrs. MANISHA KAPOOR
M.sc. in Medical Surgical Nursing
Amar Professional College Of Nursing, Dayalpura, Mohali, Punjab
Mrs. JYOTI
M.sc. in Community Health Nursing
Amar Professional College Of Nursing, Dayalpura, Mohali, Punjab
Mrs. POONAM
M.Sc. in Gynaecology,
Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dayalpura, Mohali, Punjab.
Mrs. SHABNAM
M.Sc. in Mental Health Nursing
Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dayalpura, Mohali, Punjab.
Mrs. PRIYA GULERIA
M.Sc. in Child Health Nursing,
Amar Professional College of Nursing, Dayalpura, Mohali, Punjab.

64
65