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Pen & Ink: Introdultion & History

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23 views3 pages

Pen & Ink: Introdultion & History

Uploaded by

aryaudas123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PEN & INK

INTRODULTION & HISTORY


Pen and ink is a direct making process that is why it is also called once a for all technique. It can be
done even with minumum requiement of equipment. Earlier, goose feather pens were made and animal
skins were used as a witing surface. By the mid 19th century, printing and publishing flourished which
encouraged artists through book illustrations, graphie art

MATERIALS

PEN/NIBS
Traditionally, they were made from quill, reed, bamboo, etc. Today, there are many varieties of pen
such as dip pens, mapping pens, fountain pens, calligraphy pens. That generally have steel nibs. These
are also technical pens available which have narrow steel tube nibs or steel encased plastic tips Rolles
tin or ball point pens can also be used Highlighters, marks pens are also applicable to use and are the
only pen type that is applicable on vertical boards or supports (due to the alcohol). They have self inking
felt tips.

There are different types of felt tips.


 CHISEL: Chisel shaped tips are used to make sharp and angular strokes/lines.
 BULLET: Bullet shaped tips are round and make uniform marks.

INKS
There are many types of ink. Some of which are:
Indian black ink, Chinese, Japanese ink
We can also find writing inks, but it has a minimum range of colors.
Today, the pigmented inks with high levels of lightfastness are manufactured in large color ranges.
Mixed shellacs are used to make waterproof. Non-waterproof inks dry to give matte finish whereas
waterproofs give slightly gloss finish.
Some of the brands (manufactures):
Faber Castle, Rotring, Pelikan, Winsor & Newton Staedtler etc.

Supports
Traditionally, sized papers were used whereas nowadays, heavy cartridge papers are used as
supports. HP rag papers are the best kind of supports for pen and ink. But I cannot be used on loose
fibered papers for following reasons:
 Pen line edges bleed
 Loose crispness
 Eventually turns yellowish
 Tears easily
 Cause clogging problem to nibs
TECHNIOUES
The best way of finding a technique is by experimenting to find the one to suit own style. The use of
line and dot is the best technique. It is also better to start on preliminary pencil sketch.

Line
Line can be drawn with any pen to make a simple quick sketch. Reed, bamboo pen are used to
create soft short strokes, quill pen with diluted ink has variable depths, technical pens have uniform
widths. Flexible steel script pens/dip pens, calligraphy pens have variable widths and pen with brush
creates variable lines with solid background.

Tone
Tones can be created with following methods.

Line and dot


 Hatching
 Cross hatching
 Dots
 Dashes
 Toothbrush spattering
 Scribbling
 Parallel lines of variable widths and gaps

Wash
Wash can be done only with water on non-waterproof ink. It requires watercolor/diluted ink on
waterproof ink. It can be performed before pen work too.

Texture
Texture can be created sponges, fabrics, fingerprints, wood, leaves etc.
“Tone effects by all techniques above can be practiced together in a single work”

Others
Other methods are wax, masking fluid resistance. Blotting the ink with a folded paper tissue can
create tones.

Erasers
The ink should be completely dry to erase the pencil sketching marks. The drying time of ink is 12 to
24 hours. Wet marks of the ink can be blotted out by blotting papers. Dry marks of ink can be erased out
by glass fiber eraser or scraped off with sharp blade.

Brush & ink

Introduction and history


Brush and ink were developed in China and Japan. It was practiced for centuries as a writing
medium. This requires the wide ability of moving the whole forearm and not just the wrist. Highly
disciplined drawings are obtained with proper control on pressure and spend where Disney drawings
can be taken as an example.
Materials

Inks
Lamp black pigments with glue and scent were mixed at oriental. Today, Indian black ink, sepia,
manufactured multicolor pigmented inks are used.

Brushes
Sable and nylon brushes are used that are round or flat.

Supports
Traditionally, paper or silk were supports for ink. Today, absorbent rice and sumi papers are used in
oriental and thicker, heavy sized cartridge papers are used.

Techniques
Lines and strokes are used which vary according to the choice of inks, supports, brush, pressure and
speed.

Inks
Diluted and undiluted inks are used.

Supports
The papers are oriental, western, smooth, textured, dry and wet

Brush
Brush can be used fully charges or dry with flat or round brush.

Pressure & speed


Low pressure and high speed create thinner line, low pressure and low speed created deep lin. High
pressure and high speed creates broad dry strokes, high pressure and low speed makes broader dense
stroke.

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