Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOCOS NORTE

Science 10
Quarter 4 – Module 4
Week 7 and 8 :
Applications of Chemical
Reaction

MELC 4: Explain how the factors affecting rates of

chemical reactions are applied in food preservation and
materials production, control of fire, pollution, and
corrosion.
(S10MT-IVh-j-24)

Prepared by:

Marie Cris B. Felicitas

Wilbur C. Go National High School
Science- Grade 10
Share-A-Resource-Program
Quarter 4 – Module 4: Applications of Chemical Reaction
First Edition, 2020

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do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Marie Cris B. Felicitas
Editor: Jovy O. Joaquin Manuel M. Pichay Jr.
Sheryl A. Valiente
Reviewers/Evaluators: Jerry G. Tabrilla Ursino C. Pascua
Illustrators:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Joann A. Corpuz EdD, CESO VI
Joye D. Madalipay EdD
Santiago L. Baoec EdD
Jenetrix T. Tumaneng
Jerry G. Tabrilla EdD
Ursino C. Pascua

Division Design & Layout Artist: Jerry M. Burgos

Printed in the Philippines by ______________________________

Schools Division of Ilocos Norte
Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 10
Science
Quarter 4 – Module 4:
Applications of Chemical
Reaction
Introductory Message
This Contextualized Learning Module (CLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each
lesson with ease.
This CLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-test is provided to measure your prior knowledge on the lesson. This will
show you if you need to proceed in completing this module or if you need to ask your
facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the
end of this module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning.
Answer keys are provided for all activities and tests. We trust that you will be honest
in using them.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher is also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you in your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this CLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests.
Likewise, read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any question in using this CLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module focuses on applied chemical reactions. It aims to explain on how

the factors affecting rates of chemical reactions are applied in food preservation and
materials production, control of fire, pollution, and corrosion. It discusses the effect
of chemical reactions on life and the environment. You have already identified the
different factors affecting reaction rate. Life and industry depends on chemical
reactions. Industry uses chemical reactions to make useful products. Some chemical
reactions enhance quality of life. However, other chemical reactions bring harm to
life and degradation of the quality of our ecosystem.

In this module, you will be able to connect and integrate important principles
about chemical reactions around us. You will also learn how to make relevant
observations and researches on chemical reactions. We will be focusing only on the
application of chemical reactions in food preservation and materials production,
control of fire, pollution and corrosion.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

 Explain how the factors affecting rates of chemical reactions are applied
in food preservation and material production, control of fire, pollution,
and corrosion.

What I Know
Before you start in this module, kindly assess your understanding about the
lesson by answering the pre-test.
1. Which of the following is/are the factors that affect the reaction rate of a
chemical reaction?
A. catalyst and temperature C. surface area
B. reactant concentration D. all of the above

2. Which of the following does NOT increase the rate of a reaction?

A. increasing the concentration of reactant
B. increasing the temperature of reactant
C. increasing the size of reactant particles.
D. using a catalyst

1
 3. Why does catalyst do not need to be replaced frequently?
A. they are not used up in a reaction C. they are dangerous
B. they do not do anything D. they are very expensive

4. The rate of reaction means how _______ a reaction is.

A. fast B. big
C. loud D. strong

5. What slows down the spoilage of food?

A. high temperature B. low temperature

C. increased surface area D. addition of a catalyst

6. Which of the following factors play vital role in the corrosion process?

A. temperature B. solute concentration C. both A and B D. none

7. Why do glass containers NOT preferred for sampling rain water?

A. they are expensive C. they affect the pH of the rain

B. not easy to maintain water D. all of the above
8. The use of a catalytic converter leads to a dramatic reduction in the emission
of the following elements except:

A. O B. CO C. HC D. NOx
9. Which factor decreases the rate of a chemical reaction?

A. low activation energy C. presence of catalyst

B. high temperature D. high concentration of reactants

10. What do you call the substance that speeds up chemical reaction but is NOT
consumed by the reaction?

A. Catalyst B. Reactant C. Concentration D. Physical State

After doing this pre-assessment, you are now ready to do the succeeding activities
of this module.

2
 Lesson Application of Chemical
1 Reactions

What’s In

Before you go the lesson proper about how the factors affecting rates of
chemical reactions are applied in food preservation and materials production, control
of fire, pollution and corrosion, your task is to rearrange the jumbled letters to form
being described. Let’s recall some important terms about the reaction rates of
chemical reaction. Do this in a separate sheet of paper.

1 It is a substance that is present at the start of a ETACNRAT

chemical reaction.

2 It is the quantity of solute present in a given OCENTRNATIONC

quantity of solution.

3 It is the indication that a chemical form solid, AYLHPSICTSEAT

liquid or gas.

4 It a measure of the total area that the surface of EASRCURFEAA

the object occupies.

5 It is a quantitative measure of how hot or cold RPETMTERAEU

something is.

6 It is a substance that speeds up chemical ATYTALCS

reaction but is not consumed by the reaction.

How many words do you remember well? You may refer back to these pages
when you want to recall the definition of the listed terms.

3
 What’s New

Reaction rates are affected by several factors: concentration of the reactants,

particle size/surface area of the reactants, temperature and the presence of catalyst.
How do these factors affecting rates of chemical reactions are applied to food
preservation, materials production, control of fire, pollution and corrosion? Before
you will understand well your lesson you have to do first the activity below.

Direction: Based on pictures below, identify which of this is associated to food

preservation, materials production, control of fire, pollution and corrosion.

1. _____________________________
____

2. _____________________________
____

3. _____________________________
____

4. _____________________________
____

5. _____________________________
____

4
 What is it
Factors Affecting the Reaction Rates and Their Applications
in Food Preservation, Materials Production, Control of Fire,
Pollution and Corrosion
I. REACTANT CONCENTRATION
If you increase the concentration of reactant there will be more of the
chemical present. More reactant, collides moving together allow more
collisions to happen and so the reactions rate is increased. The higher the
concentrations of reactants the faster the rate of a reaction will be.

Concentration of the reactants in a polluted atmosphere where the

concentration of Sulphur dioxide is high, calcium carbonate deteriorates more
rapidly than in less polluted air, Phosphorous burns rapidly on air, but it will
burn even more rapidly if the concentration of oxygen in is high. Statues made
from carbonate compounds such as limestone and marble typically weather
slowly over time due to the actions of water and thermal expansion and
contraction. However, pollutants like Sulphur dioxide can accelerate
weathering. As the concentration of air pollutants increases, deterioration of
limestone occurs more rapidly.

Corrosion reaction is like almost all chemical reaction. Normally as the

concentration of a corrosive acid media in increased, the corrosion rate is
likewise increased. This is primarily due to the fact, that the amount of
hydrogen ions which are the active species, are increased, as acid
concentration is increased. The pH of a solution is an important factor in the
corrosion resistance of materials because the hydrogen ions can interact and
modify the surface and therefore alter the corrosion resistance of a material.

II. SURFACE AREA OF REACTANTS

Burning a piece of wood can be done in three ways. If you burn it as

one big block of wood, it would take a few hours before the whole block of
wood gets burned. You can also use a wood shaver to produce wood shavings
or use a saw to produce sawdust and it would take only a few minutes to burn
it all up. Particle size has something to do with the rate of burning of wood.
Making the particle size of wood smaller increases the surface area exposed
which consequently results in an increase in contact area between the wood
and oxygen. Thus, the rate of reaction increases as the exposed surface area
of the reactants increases. Similarly, a reaction between two immiscible
liquids can only take place at the interface between them. This interface can
be increased by violent stirring which will create more areas for interaction
and, therefore, lead to an appreciable increase in the rate of reaction. Also,
the use of powdered form of chemicals instead of their granulated form in

5
fireworks increases the rate of reaction resulting to explosion followed by
display of spectacular lights of different colors.

III. TEMPERATURE

Foods are stored at low temperature to prevent growth of

microorganism, activity of enzymes and purely chemical reactions. Freezing
prevent the growth of most food borne microorganisms and refrigeration
temperature slow down the growth of microorganism. The use of high
temperature to preserve food is based on their destructive effect on
microorganism. By high temperature are meant any and all temperature above
ambient. With respect to food preservation there are two temperature
categories in common use: pasteurization and sterilization.

Temperature plays a vital role in plastic production industry just like

during manufacturing stage an example is injection-molding. In the
production of beverage, during wine making or brewing process, the ambient
temperature, as well as fermentation temperature could have negative or
positive effect. Even in the process of milk pasteurization is important to
ensure removal of harmful pathogens. In metal processing, the temperature
measurement and analysis are important as well as monitoring. If the
temperature measurement information is not correct, then it can affect quality
of the final product, as well as endanger workplace security.

In controlling fire, there are developed methods for measuring of

different flame temperature. Some of these are probe thermometry, optical
thermometry, flame gases density based and laser-based measurement. In
cooking industry, in order to ensure that the flammable gas would not flow
unignited, a special useful electro-valve is use on every pipe. Example, are gas
magnet valve and thermocouple that are widely used in many gas appliances.

Heat waves often lead to poor air quality. The extreme heat and
stagnant air during a heat wave increases the amount of ozone pollution and
particulate pollution. Particulate molten and carbon monoxide pollution from
fires create poor air quality.

Usually, a temperature increase directly leads to a higher corrosion rate

because electrochemical reactions generally occur faster at higher
temperature. Temperature increases add energy to the reactions, which
increase the corrosion rate. To prevent corrosion, we should use a corrosion
resistant metal such as stainless steel, duplex or super duplex, use protective
coating, corrosion inhibitors and metal plating.

IV. CATALYST

A catalyst is a substance that can be added to a reaction to increase

the reaction rate, without getting consumed in the process. In material
production, a catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the amount
of energy you need to get one going. It is a backbone of many industrial

6
 processes which use chemical reactions to turn raw materials into useful
products. It is an integral in making plastics and other manufactured items.

In agriculture industry, ammonia is produced with the help of iron

catalyst. The ammonia is mostly used in the field to make fertilizer which is
essential for plant to grow. Enzymes as natural catalysts, they are frequently
use in various food sectors like baking, dough and starch processing, brew
and beverages to process and store the food materials.

Some fuel oxygen mixer, may require a catalyst, it is a substance that

is not consumed, when added, in any chemical reaction during combustion,
but which enables the reactants to combust more readily. This does not apply
if oxygen is supplied to the fire by some process other than thermal
convection, thus it can control fire.

In reducing pollution, the catalytic converter is used where in as

exhaust gasses pass through the catalyst a chemical reacts occur which
converts carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen to less
harmful compound. As a result, the use of this catalytic converter leads to a
dramatic reduction in the emission of CO, HC and NOx.

Photo catalyst is used in the redox reduction of metal oxides. When it

exposed to ultraviolet light, conductor band electrons and valence band hole
are produced. The electrons and holes can either recombine or move to the
surface of the film where they undergo redox reaction with absorbed chemical
species. Since the two most important cathodic processes of metal corrosion
are catalytic processes, consequently, metal corrosion is related to metal
catalysis. Every material capable to help or to catalyze activation of dioxygen,
hydrogen deposition or chloride formation accelerates metal corrosion.

To check fully your understanding on the factors affecting the rate of reaction,
perform activities 1 and 2.

Activity 1. RATE ME!

Direction: Complete the table by indicating whether each of the following situations would
either INCREASE or DECREASE the rate of reaction.

Situation Increase or Decrease

1. Increasing the temperature
2. Lowering the reactant concentration
3. Pulverizing the reactant
4. Adding a catalyst
5. Placing the reactant in ice bath
An activity developed by Ms. FELICITAS MYLENE A. UBIBI

7
 Activity 2: FACTORS EVERYWHERE!

Direction: Complete the table by indicating which factor would have the greatest effect on
the rate of reaction. Choose from CONCENTRATION, TEMPERATURE, SURFACE
AREA, or CATALYST.

Situation Factor that has the greatest effect on the rate

of reaction
1. Fast ripening of banana during summer
is observed in Pasuquin
2. Slow burning of log during the wake in
Ilocos is still a practice
3. Every New Year’s Eve, a fast,
spectacular lights production from
fireworks made of powdered explosive
compounds makes the celebration
festive in the province.
4. Placing calcium carbide (kalburo) with
mango to hasten its ripening is never a
practice in Guimaras.
5. The roofs of the houses near Saud
beach in Pagudpud rust fast.
An activity developed by Ms. FELICITAS MYLENE A. UBIBI

What’s More

Activity 3: TRUE or FALSE Answer Portion!

Direction: Based on the related readings about the Application of Reaction Rates in
Food Preservation, Materials Production, Control of Fire, Pollution and Corrosion.
Read each statement carefully. Write True, if the statement is correct and write False
if the statement is wrong.

1. When the concentration of a corrosive acid media is increased, the corrosion rate
is likewise increased.

8
2. The use of this catalytic converter leads to a dramatic reduction in the emission
of oxygen.

3. In metal processing, the temperature measurement and analysis is not important

as well as monitoring.

4. A catalyst is a substance that can be added to a reaction to increase the reaction

rate, without getting consumed in the process.

5. When the temperature increases, it directly leads to a higher corrosion rate

because electrochemical reactions generally occur faster at higher temperature.

6. Photo catalyst is used in the redox reduction of metal oxides.

7. Most of the alternative technologies to thermal processing are not considered

physical preservation methods.

8. Gas magnet valve and thermocouple that are dangerous to use in many gas
appliances.

9. Modern preservation methods are designed to ensure its safety by in activating

pathogenic microorganisms and viruses of concern.

10. Statues made from carbonate compounds such as limestone and marble
typically weather slowly over time due to the actions of water and thermal expansion
and contraction.

Great job! You are almost done with this module. Let’s summarize what you have
learned from the lesson and activities by doing the next activity.

What I have Learned

Activity 4. React Me!

Direction: In your answer sheet, fill in the tables below using the
concepts/insights/learnings that you had while accomplishing this module.

Three facts I learned are:

9
 Two questions I still have are:

One opinion I now have is:

What I Can Do

Activity 5. It’s show time!

Direction: Make a visual presentation (any form of media) on the effects of

chemical reactions on life and the environment.

I. Using any form of media, prepare a visual presentation of a chemical reaction

involved in the following (choose only one).
a. Food preservation and materials production

b. Fire Control

c. Pollution Control
d. Corrosion Control

II. Research on how a specific chemical reaction poses useful or harmful effects to
life and the environment.
III. Present your visual presentation in our group chat or Google meet.

10
 Rubric #1: Rubric for the Visual Presentation

Category Excellent Good Fair Poor

20pts 15pts 10pts 5pts

Content All required All required Missing some Many

slides/visuals slides/visuals
slides/visuals slides/visuals
included with with relevant
correct information. with relevant or less slides or
information. The The topic is
information. slides/visual do
topic is somewhat
discussed clearly discussed but The topic is not contain
and in an more
slightly relevant
organize information is
manner. required. discussed but information.
more materials Topic is
are needed. addressed but
not discussed
or elaborated
on.

Power Point/
Graphics/ Slides/visuals Slides/visuals Slides/visuals The
are attractive. are attractive. are legible. slides/visuals
Other Visual
Text is legible. Text is legible. Amount of text are not legible.
Graphics and More than is too great for The amount of
effects are used half of the the amount of texts is too
throughout to slides use space provided. great for the
enhance graphics and Less than half space provided.
presentation. effects to the slides have There is little
Information is at enhance graphics or use of graphics
the advanced presentation. effects. or effects. The
level and Information Information information
consistently adequately supports does not
supports images. supports images at consistently
images. times. support images.

Voice
Speaker present Speaker Speaker Speaker does
in a loud, clear presents in a presents in a not present in a
voice and does loud, clear voice that is loud or clear
not read from voice but sometimes clear voice and reads
screen/display. turns on but constantly simply from the
the screens/ refers to the presentation.
display presentation.
occasionally.

11
 Grammar and
Mechanic Capitalization There are a There several There are
and punctuation few errors in errors in many grammar
are correct capitalization capitalization or or mechanical
throughout the or punctuation or errors on the
presentation. punctuation there are presentation.
There are no OR there are several or more
grammatical a few grammatical
errors. grammatical errors on the
Pronounced errors on the presentation.
words correctly. presentation.

Prepared/ Project was Project was Project was Project was late
complete and on mostly somewhat or incomplete.
Knowledgeable time. Was complete complete, could Did very
of subject knowledgeable of knew a lot have done more minimal or no
subject. about the research on research.
subject. subject.

Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.

1. As a result, the use of catalytic converter leads to a dramatic reduction in the

emission of the following elements except:
A. O B. CO C. HC D. NOx

2. What must be removed to stop the spoiling action of microorganism?

A. favorable temperature B. moisture C. food D. all of the above

3. Which of the following is/are the factors that affect the reaction rate of a
chemical reaction?
C. Catalyst and Temperature C. Surface area of reactant
D. Reactant Concentration D. All of the above

4. Why does catalyst do NOT need to be replaced frequently?

A. not used up in a reaction C. dangerous to the mixture
B. do not do anything D. very expensive

12
5. Which of the following does NOT increase the rate of a reaction?
A. Increasing the concentration of reactant
B. Increasing the temperature of reactant
C. Increasing the size of reactant particles
D. Using a catalyst

6. Glass containers are NOT preferred for sampling rain water because ____________
A. reaction takes place C. affecta the pH of the rain
B. easily maintain D. all of the above

7. What does a reaction mean?

A. how fast reaction is C. how slow reaction is
B. how long reaction is D. All of the above

8. What do you call the substance that speeds up chemical reaction but is NOT
consumed by the reaction?
A. Catalyst B. Reactant C. Concentration D. Physical State

9. Which factor can decrease the rate of a chemical reaction?

A. high pressure C. both a and b
B. low pressure D. cannot be determined

10. Which of the following factors play vital role in the corrosion process?
A. temperature B. solute concentration C. surface area D. both a and b

Additional Activities

Make a simple poem showing about how chemical reaction affects the
environment.

RUBRIC IN POEM WRITING

CATEGORY Excellent-4 Good-3 Satisfactory-2 Needs Improvement-1

THE Student devoted Student devoted Student devoted Student devoted little
WRITING a lot of time and adequate time some time and time and effort to the
PROCESS effort to the and effort to the effort to the writing process. It
writing process writing and writing process appears that the
and worked hard worked to get but was not very student does not care
to make the the job done. thorough. Does about the assignment.
poem read a enough to get
good read. by.

13
TITLE The poem has a The poem has a The poem has a The poem has no title.
title that clearly title that clearly title.
relates to the relates to the
poem and adds poem.
interest to the
theme or
message of the
poem.

NEATNESS The final draft of The final draft of The final draft of The final draft of the
the poem is the poem is the poem is poem is not neat and
readable, clean, readable, neat, readable, and attractive.
neat, and and attractive. some of the
attractive. parts are
attractive.

STYLE The poem is The poem is The poem is The poem lacks style
written with a written with a written and the thoughts did
great sense of defined with somewhat with not come out clearly on
style. style. style. paper.

VOCABULAY The poem is The poem The poem The poem lacks
filled with includes many includes some description and does
descriptive descriptive descriptive not allow the reader to
vocabulary that elements and is words and visualize the poem.
appeals to the appealing. phrases.
reader.

14
 15
What I Have Learned: Activity 3: React Me!
(Output Varies)
What I Can Do: Activity 4: It’s Show Time!
(Output Varies)
Assessment:
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C
6. D 7. D 8. A 9. C 10.D
Additional Activities:
(Output Varies)
What’s More: Activity 3: True or False Answer Portion!
1. T 6. T
2. F 7. F
3. F 8. F
4. T 9. T
5. T 10. T
What’s In:
1. Reactant 2. Concentration 3. Physical state
4. Surface Area 5. Temperature 6. Catalyst
What’s New : What I Know:
1. Pollution 2. Corrosion 3. Food Preservation
1. D
4. Control of Fire 5. Material Production 2. C
3. A
What Is It:
4. A
Activity 1: 1.Increase 2. Decrease 3. Increase 5. B
6. C
4. Increase 5. Decrease
7. D
Activity 2: 1. Temperature 2. Surface area 3. Surface area 8. A
4.Catalyst 5. Concentration 9. D
10.A
Answer Key
References
Books

Science 10 Learner’s Material. Department of Education. Republic of the Philippines.

Fourth Quarter Unit IV, Making Connections, FEB printing Corporation.
pp.430-434

LeMay, Jr.Eugene H., et al. (2000). Chemistry Connections to Our Changing World
(Teacher’s Edition)Prentice Hall, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ07458

Davis, Raymond E., Frey, Regina, Sarquis, Mickey, Sarquis Jerry L. (2009)
Modern Chemistry (Teachers Edition)Holt, Rinehart and Winston, USA
Padolina, Ma. Cristina D., et.al. (2010). Conceptual and Functional
Chemistry, Modular Approach. (Second Edition) Vibal Publishing House, Inc.1253
G. Araneta Ave., Quezon City

Websites

http://en.wikipidia.org/wiki/Micelle

https://www.britannica.com

https://link.springer.com

http://www.sciencedirect.com

16
For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division of Ilocos Norte – Curriculum Implementation Division

Learning Resource Management Section (SDOIN-CID LRMS)

Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: [email protected]

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: [email protected]

17 * [email protected]