1- work   ‫( ا‬‫ن ا‬  )

- I have got a lot of work to do. - Mr Ahmed leaves work at two o'clock.
Egypt has many amazing works of engineering . ‫ او‬‫ او‬‫ اد‬  ‫ ا‬  ‫ ان‬ ‫ظ‬
job  ‫ ا‬‫وظ‬ - He has got a job as a teacher.
(look for/apply for / find /get) a job  I've applied for several jobs without success
career ‫د‬ ‫ة ا‬‫ا‬ - He started his career five years ago.
profession (‫ء‬‫ا‬/‫ا‬/‫ر‬‫ ) ا‬‫ر‬‫ت و‬ ‫ج إ‬: 
- Teaching is a great profession. Doctors and nurses belong to the medical profession
2-beat /  / Enemy ‫و‬ / team /person
Win ‫ز‬ /  A cup / a medal / a prize / a game / championship/ election /race
Gain‫ى‬   information / experience ‫ة‬ / weight / fame‫ة‬/ knowledge/speed
Earn     a fortune/Money / his living  ‫ت‬
3- publish (‫ب‬ – ) The writer has published three books recently
come out = be published َْُ - ‫ر‬ My new book came out / was published only last week
spread (//‫ض‬)/  - fire spread rapidly because of the strong wind
prevail  /‫د‬ in the end, justice prevailed and the men were set free
4- experience They offered me the job because I had a lot of
‫ل‬ ‫رات‬ ‫ او‬  ‫ ا‬  ‫ة‬‫ ا‬experience
()  
Experiences ( ) ‫ة‬‫ ا‬ ‫رب‬‫ او‬‫ا‬ I had a lot of interesting experiences during my year in Africa..
Experiment ( )  In labs, scientists do a lot of experiments.
5- distract  -  - One of the group distracted me by asking for help.
district  -  - She lives in Sayeda Zeinab district
6- insist on / persist in / insist that +  + (should) + ‫ر‬  
Insistent on + ( noun / v ing )  /  
- He insisted on seeing her. she persist in making mistakes
She insisted that he (should) leave. mum is insistent on having lunch together
7- graduate as + ‫وظ‬ He graduated as a lawyer in 1990
graduate in + ‫ل‬/ He graduated in law in 2005
graduate from (‫ا‬/‫) ا‬ ‫ج‬ He graduated from the Faculty of Medicine
a graduate of ‫ ل‬ He is a graduate of Cairo university
graduate with a degree in  ‫دة‬ ‫ج‬ She graduated with a degree in English literature
8-routine ( ‫ ا‬‫ م‬ ‫ل‬‫ أ‬ ‫ ا‬  ) ‫و‬‫ ا‬‫ا‬ red tape ‫ رو‬
My daily routine is going to school every day.
We must get rid of the red tape in government offices.
9-award…. ‫ة او‬) / ‫ة‬/ The scientist won an award for discovering a new medicine
(‫)ر‬ ‫دة‬ He was awarded his PHD last week.
*reward…. ) ‫ة‬ ‫ء أو‬ They rewarded him for his good behavior.
(  ‫ك او‬ Parents often give their children rewards for passing exams.
a ward   /‫ح‬ A new ward was opened in this hospital.
 rewarding ‫ى‬ Teaching can be a very rewarding career.
Present/gift  ‫ون‬  He gave me a present on my birthday party
Prize ( ‫ او‬‫ة )م‬ My friend won a prize in a poetry competition

10-Custom(s) /‫دة‬ In my country, it’s the custom for women to get married in white.
Customs  ‫ك دا‬‫ا‬ She was stopped at customs and questioned.
costume(s) ‫ت او‬  ‫ص‬ ‫زى‬ Traditional costumes are worn in parades in china.
 ‫ او‬ 
habit  ‫دة‬ His habit was to have breakfast at 7:30
traditions (‫روث‬ ) The villagers are all keen to preserve local traditions.
Customary ‫د‬/ ‫ف‬ it’s customary for women to get married in white.

11-collection ‫م‬/ ‫ء‬‫ ا‬  mixture  ‫ء‬‫ا‬/‫اد‬  /

 My parents gave me a collection of modern short stories for my birthday.
Their latest CD is a mixture of new and old songs.
the + (adj) = a group of people : ‫ ا‬‫ إ‬‫ل ا‬  ‫ت‬  the ‫ا‬‫ ا‬-١٢
the poor / the rich / the disabled / the deaf / the blind / the dumb /the sick / the dead / the
young / the old / the homeless / the elderly / the unemployed
The poor are in need of our help. = Poor people are in need of our help.
:‫ ا‬‫د و‬  ‫ء‬ ‫ إذا‬‫ت ا‬‫ ا‬  -١٣
Week / second / month / year / minute / hour / day
I usually have a ten-minute break for coffee at midday.
a five-hour meeting a three-day trip
‫ ا‬  ( S') ‫د و‬‫ ا‬  ( 's) ‫ م‬‫ت ا‬‫ ا‬Time ‫د‬‫ و‬ 
 in a week's time. in three years' time.
: ‫ ا‬ ly   /‫ف‬‫ ظ‬‫ ا‬  ‫ات ا‬‫ء ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ ان‬-١٤
day –daily / week –weekly / hour –hourly / year –yearly / month – monthly
Ex: this is a weekly newspaper. () they visit him weekly. (‫ف‬‫)ظ‬
15-Retire ( ‫ او ا‬  ‫ب‬  ) ‫ او ا‬‫ل ا‬/ ‫ ا‬ 
Most people in Egypt retire at 60.
resign (  ‫ب‬ ‫ او‬) ‫ او‬  
He has resigned from the board for personal reasons.
fire ‫ظ‬‫ ا‬ /‫د‬
The airline fired him for being drunk.
16- diplomat (‫رج‬ ) ‫د‬ politician ‫ا‬  ‫ر‬
17- as well as ‫ ل‬
‫ول‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬+ as well as + ‫م‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬+ ‫و‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬     
They as well as Hany like eating ice cream.
As well as + v ing / noun  ‫ﺗرﺑط ﺑﯾن ﻓﻌﻠﯾن‬
As well as studying English, He studied maths and arabic. As well as tennis, he plays hockey
18-realize   //‫ه‬ ‫ن‬  //  ‫رك او‬
He realized that his wallet was stolen. We realized a small profit on the sale of the house.
She never realized her ambition of winning an Olympic gold medal.
recognize    ‫ور‬‫ او ا‬ ‫ او‬‫ رؤ‬(‫ء‬ ‫او‬ ‫ن او‬)  ‫ او‬  ‫ف‬
 I didn’t recognize you in your uniform. Do you recognize this song?
 19. like / unlike / as / alike / such as:
* like + ‫ ا‬/  + ‫ا‬/ ((     - )
* He works like a machine. * She ran like a mad dog. * Do you still write like this?
* unlike : ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻜﺲ‬
* Unlike her sister, Salma is hard-working and studious. * She has blue eyes unlike her mother.
* as + ‫وظ‬/  (    - 
* My father works as a doctor. * Do this experiment as I do it.
* train / work / act + as + : ‫وظ‬
* He trained as a lawyer for three years.
such as = like + ‫ ا‬ ‫ء‬ ‫ ا‬‫ ذ‬ 
* Team sports like (such as) football and basketball are based on teamwork and cooperation
alike  /‫اء‬‫ ا‬ the two children are very alike
٢٠- abroad ‫د‬‫رج ا‬ I stayed abroad for seven years.
On board= aboard (‫ة‬‫ ط‬-)   All passengers should be on board at this time
We finally went aboard the plane three hours later.
board / ‫ح‬ The teacher wrote her name up on the board.
broad /‫وا‬ Amy had a broad smile on her face.
border ‫ دو‬  There is a national park on the border between Kenya
and Tanzania
٢١-connect (/)  She connected her computer to the printer.
  
Cairo metro connects many parts of Cairo together
contact ( ‫ف‬ ‫ون‬) ‫ا‬ / ‫ ب‬ I contacted my brother to tell him the news
 ‫ء‬ ‫ او‬ ‫ن او ا‬‫ق ا‬‫ ط‬ When I saw the smoke, I contacted the fire brigade
communicate (with)  ‫ا‬/  I communicate with my friends on the internet
‫ا‬... ‫ن او ا‬‫ ا‬/‫ء‬‫ ا‬‫ ط‬ Now that we live in different cities, we communicate by e-mail.

22-Responsible for  ‫ل‬ Nurseries are responsible for the children in their care.
Irresponsible ‫ل‬  Emma was irresponsible when she lost her neighbor's dog.
Responsibility  Fatherhood is a lifelong responsibility.
23-( recommend ---- suggest ---- advise )
-recommend that + ‫ ﻓﺎﻋل‬+ (should) ‫ﻣﺻدر‬ I recommend that she(should) speak to a lawyer.
recommend + v.ing /noun ‫ﯾوﺻﻰ ب‬/‫ﯾرﺷﺢ‬/‫ﯾذﻛﻰ‬ I recommend (reading) this book.
recommend + ‫ ﻣﻔﻌﻮل‬+ to ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ Ahmed recommended me to enrol on the new course
suggest that + ‫ ﻓﺎﻋل‬+ (should) ‫ﻣﺻدر‬ I suggest that you (should) visit the museum first
suggest + v.ing ‫ﯾﻘﺗرح‬ she suggested going shopping on Friday.
advise +( ‫) ﻣﻔﻌول‬to / not to + ‫ﻣﺻدر‬ ‫ﯾﻧﺻﺢ‬ He advised me to study hard.
24-inspire ……  * aspire to … ‫ء‬ /   * conspire…… 
A good teacher must inspire his students and encourage them
Most of his students aspired to a career in business.
All six men admitted conspiring to steal cars.
25-politics ‫ ا‬ Policy  Politician  ‫ر‬ Political(adj) 
Political ( party ‫ ﺣزب‬Issue ‫ﻗﺿﯾﺔ‬ Solution ‫ﺣل‬ System ‫) ﻧظﺎم‬
The company has adopted a strict no-smoking policy.
Politicians are greatly interested in politics. I am not a member of any political party.
26-Discipline /‫ب‬(‫م‬‫ )ا‬‫ا‬ system()  ‫م‬
Some parents complained about the school's strict discipline
 The country is rightly proud of its legal/educational system
27-Social (problems/classes/issues) (‫ ا‬/‫ء‬) ‫ا‬ sociable ‫ص‬ ‫ودود‬/‫ا‬
28-do a revision ‫ﯾﻌد ﺧطﺔ ﻣراﺟﻌﺔ‬ Make a revision plan ‫ﯾﺟرى ﻣراﺟﻌﺔ‬
29-aged +  = at the age of...... when he/she was ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ م‬   
Ex: My father died in 1995,aged 65 years.
30 – famous…. for …..  ‫ر‬ * famous ….. in ….  ‫ر‬ * famous ….as .. ‫ر‬
He is famous for his honesty. He became famous in Egypt.
31- be associated with = be related to = be connected with   / / 
 There are problems which are associated with cancer treatment.
32-accident (  ‫ة‬‫ أو ا‬  ) ‫د‬- There’s been a bad accident on the freeway.
Incident (‫رة‬// ) ‫ث‬ There have been several violent incidents at football
matches recently.
event ( ‫س‬‫ع ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ و‬‫ و‬ ) ‫ث‬ The conference was an important social event
33-Life ( )  ‫ة‬‫ا‬ There is no life on the moon. - Life is fun
A life ‫ة‬‫ اداة م‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ع‬‫ م‬ ‫ة‬ The family moved to Australia to start a new life.
The life  ‫ اداة‬ ‫س‬‫ ا‬  ‫ او‬ ‫ة‬ What do you know about the life of William Shakespeare
34-sensible ‫ﺣﻛﯾم – ﻋﺎﻗل‬ I’m sure Sara will make the right decision. She’s a sensible woman.
sensitive(‫س‬‫ ا‬ ) ‫س‬ Sara is very sensitive. She wouldn’t want to hurt anyone.
35-work for  ‫ او‬ ‫ي‬  My father works for an oil company
work with   Dr Magdy worked with top surgeons.
work on (‫ز‬‫ا‬/ ‫وع‬)  /‫ر‬ /  Doctors work on a cure for cancer.
work as ‫ ك وظ‬ My grandfather worked as a journalist in Al Ahram newspaper
Work in ‫ل‬/ ‫ن‬   I hope to work in the medical research when I'm older
36- culture ‫رة‬/
I love working abroad and meeting people from different cultures.
We are all proud of ancient egyptian culture
cultural (adj)  people who share the same cultural background.
Cultured=cultivated  - Mr sayed is a cultured person..
Culture = cultivation ‫را‬‫ا‬ -Rice culture needs a lot of water
٣٧-Argue for /‫راى‬/‫ة‬ ‫ ا‬  Dr Aisha argued for women's right
Argue against ‫رض‬/   They argued against the new tax
Argue with ‫اى‬‫ ا‬   ‫دل‬ don't argue with me Emad. just do what I tell you
٣٨-Affecting    Oliver twist is a deeply affecting story
impressive ‫ب‬   the visit to the pyramids was really impressive
effective (‫ل و‬)  Doctors are always trying to find effective new treatment for
diseases.
٣٩-Permission (‫ر‬/‫ا‬) Ali drove his father's car without his permission
permit ‫ب‬ ‫ ر‬ People from other countries require work permits.
licence (‫دة‬ ‫ ر‬) ‫ر‬ One can't drive a car without a driving licence
٤٠-Respected ‫ظ‬‫ ا‬ ‫ ا‬  ‫ و‬   ‫ او‬  ‫س‬‫ ا‬ 
He is a respected professor. Mrs Nagwa is a respected teacher at the school
Respectful ( of / to / towards)   ‫ او‬‫ا‬‫ ا‬ 
- The children in our family are always respectful to their elders.
 You should be more respectful of other people's points of view.
Respectable ‫ ا‬ ‫ء‬‫ ا‬     ‫س‬‫ ا‬ 
- a respectable citizen. / a respectable family. / a respectable job. / a respectable profession
٤١-(was/were) born in +( /‫ن‬) My father was born in Cairo in 1949.
Was/were born on + ( ‫ر‬‫)ا‬ Hany was born on 15th March, 2005
Was/were)born into + (  ) She was born into a good/wealthy family
٤٢-fly flew flown  They flew to Paris for their honeymoon.
flight ‫ان‬‫ ط‬‫ر‬ What time is the next flight to America?
flying ‫ان‬‫ا‬ Flying to Luxor takes me about an hour?
٤٣-charge :  The battery in my cell phone needs to be charged.
charge :   The waiter charged100 pounds for my meal.
in charge (of) :  ‫ل‬ The army captain is in charge of fifty soldiers today
(Get)  ‫ة‬ ‫م‬ ‫ك‬ -44
- Get : obtain - .‫ﯾﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ I got a good mark for my essay
Get : receive .‫ﯾﺘﺴﻠﻢ‬/‫ﯾﺴﺘﻠﻢ‬- I got an email from my friend this morning
- Get : buy -. ‫ﯾﺸﺘﺮى‬ We got a new TV from the shops
- Get : arrive - ‫ﯾﺼﻞ اﻟﻰ‬ How are you getting home this evening?
- Get : become. ‫ﯾﺼﺒﺢ‬ - It's getting very hot outside
- Get : persuade. ‫ﯾﻘﻨﻊ‬- I got him to give me a pay rise.
- Get : understand - ‫ﯾﻔﮭﻢ‬ Do you get what I'm saying?
Get : catch ‫ﯾﺼﺎب ب‬- He got the flu and had to stay at home
45-Solo( flight/voyage) -John took his first solo flight that weekend.
()‫د‬ -The explorer did not go with anyone else to Antarctica. He
Solo =alone(‫ف‬‫دا )ظ‬ went solo/alone.
alone (‫ف‬‫ظ‬/) ‫ده‬/‫و‬ -You shouldn’t leave a child alone in the house..
‫ ا‬  -No one lives with him. He lives alone.
Lonely ()‫ل‬ /‫ة‬  -After his wife's death, he felt lonely.
46- spend + ‫ة ز‬ + v. ing ‫ و‬ # - spend +   + on + noun ‫ل‬  .
- He spent two hours playing the piano. - He spent a lot of money on food
47-govern  governor  government  governorate 
48-Staff (/‫ر‬/ )‫ ا‬ crew (‫ف‬‫ا‬/‫ة‬‫ط‬/ ) ‫ط‬ stuff  / stiff /
She joined the university staff as a research assistant.
The crew drowned when the ship sank.
The woman had to be rescued from her car by an ambulance crew.
49 – prove  ‫ او‬ # improve ‫ر‬ ‫ او‬ / approve 
He tried to prove his point of view. The government does its best to improve schools
50-role ‫دور‬ Every member of the team has a vital role to play.
Rule /‫ة‬ We all have to stick to the rules
51-Injury ‫د‬  ‫ح‬ ‫ او‬‫ا‬ wound (‫ ر‬/)‫ح‬ ‫ او ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ح‬
He suffered a serious leg injury in a motorcycle accident. He died of gunshot wounds.
52-make sure………….  * for sure…………. 
She made sure there was always hot water for doctors.
We’ll always need teachers, that’s for sure
 53-appreciate /( ‫ ب‬) ‫ر‬ estimate ( ‫ء‬  ) /‫ر‬
Ex: we really appreciate your help in our project.
Ex: We just need an estimate of the number of people who will come..
54-society ( ‫ة‬‫ت وا‬ ‫ او‬‫ن وا‬‫م‬  ‫س ا‬‫ ا‬)  ‫ا‬ /
* Every society has its own culture.
community (‫ة‬‫ وا‬ ‫ او‬  ‫ن‬  ‫ )ط‬ // ‫ ا‬ 
* Folk music is popular in local communities.
55-Nurse  The nurse is coming to give you an injection
Nurse ‫ض‬ /   After Ali’s operation, Mrs Hala nursed him back to health.
‫ع‬‫ر‬  / Mothers nurse their babies until they are two
Nursing ‫ ا‬‫ر‬/‫ا‬ I’d love to go into nursing.
Nursery ‫م‬ My wife had to find a nursery for our little daughter
‫د‬‫ل ا‬‫ط‬‫ ا‬ )‫م‬ He has painted murals in his children's nursery
Nursery  ‫ر‬‫ت وا‬‫ ا‬‫را‬ )  I went to a nursery to buy some plants for my garden.
:‫ات ا‬‫ ا‬ Break  ‫ ا‬‫م‬‫ ا‬ -٥٦
- break the rules ‫ا‬‫ ا‬ - Emily Dickinson's poems often broke the rules.
- break (my) heart ‫ او أ‬‫م‬ /‫اد‬‫ ا‬- It broke my heart to hear about the earthquake.
- break / violate the law ‫ن‬‫م‬‫ق ا‬ - You can go to prison if you break the law.
- break a record ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ - He walked up the mountain so quickly that he broke a record.
- break a promise ‫ ا‬- I never break a promise: I said I'd help you, so I will help you.
(seem –become-sound -look) / (verb to be)  ‫ل‬‫ ا‬  ‫ او‬‫ ا‬  ‫دة‬ ‫ا‬.٥٧-
- She is a nice girl. - She married a rich businessman.
- He looked upset. - The player seems tired
‫ت‬‫ه ا‬ ‫ و‬‫ ا‬   ‫( و‬become - seem - look) / (verb to be)    ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ -
(a) ‫ف‬ ‫أ‬ ‫دة‬
afraid , alike , alive , alone , asleep , awake.
- The child is asleep. = the child is sleeping
- Do not disturb a sleeping baby. (BUT NOT: Do not disturb an asleep baby.)
- Ali is afraid of spiders.
:‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫( و‬a ) ‫ف‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وف ا‬‫ك ظ‬
ashore - ahead - along
- We swam ashore. = - We swam to the shore.
- We walked along the beach and watched the swimmers.
-The boat went slowly because there were rocks ahead
٥٨- at the end of ( ‫ )ا‬/ ‫ م‬ ## in the end = finally ‫ ا‬ /‫ا‬‫ا‬
My house is at the end of this street.
We went shopping and visited some friends. In the end, we went home.
59 – help ‫ل‬ (to + inf) / inf. ‫ ان‬ – help ‫ل‬ with + ‫ء‬  
She helped him (to)choose some new clothes.. He helped me with homework.
60- Lose (‫ﻳﻔﻘﺪﺷﻰ‬/? ?‫ﻣﺒﺎ‬/? ‫ﻳﺨﺴﺮ)ﻣﺎ‬
 lose a match / a job / someone / keys / interest ‫ اھﺗﻣ ﺎم‬/ patience ‫ اﻟ ﺻﺑر‬/ weight /hair / blood
/sight ‫ اﻟﺑﺻر‬/ memory / time / money / his mind ‫ ﯾﻔﻘد ﻋﻘﻠﮫ‬/ lose to ‫ﯾﺧﺳر اﻣﺎم‬
 He lost his leg in a car accident. The team played well, but lost the game.
 He kept on crying and I lost my patience. - He lost a lot of money at races
۩ miss ‫اء‬ /‫ف‬  (‫رة‬/ ‫ر‬/ ‫ت‬‫ا‬ ‫ )و‬ / () /)
 miss a bus / a plane / a train / flight /breakfast / someone ‫ﯾﻔﺗﻘد ﺷﺧص‬/ ‫ﯾﻔﺗﻘد‬/ a chance ‫ﺗﻔوﺗﮫ اﻟﻔرﺻﺔ‬
 -She missed her family badly . The player missed the goal
 I missed the start of the exam because my bus was late.
61-Title - ‫ وظ‬ -  - (/‫ل‬/‫ب‬ ) ‫ان‬
The title of this play is ‘King Lear’. The title 'Ms' became much more popular in the 1980s.
Address ‫ط‬/‫ب‬ - ‫وم‬‫ ا‬ ‫ او‬‫م‬‫ ام‬ ‫ان‬ - (‫ن‬ ) ‫ان‬
What’s your new address? They have changed the address of their website.
٦٢-Review ‫ى‬‫ل م‬/‫دة م‬‫ا‬/‫ا‬
The paper published a review of her book.
Revision ‫دة م‬‫ا‬/‫ا‬
I know I haven’t done enough revision for tomorrow’s exam
٦٣ – Find it / something +  + to + ‫ر‬ ..... 
Some people find it difficult to get the balance right
*Find + ‫ ﻣﻔﻌول‬+ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬
We found her body hidden in the bushes.
Find + ١ ‫ل‬ + ٢ ‫ل‬ +................... to + inf
He hasn't found himself a place to live yet.
٦٤ – allow + ‫ل‬ + to + ‫ر‬ * allow + ‫ء‬‫ا‬ * let + ‫ل‬ + ‫ر‬
 He didn’t allow them to smoke. He didn’t allow smoking.
He didn’t let them smoke.
٦٥–
٦٥– The lead to ………………….. ‫ = ﻳﺆدي اﻟﻰ‬result in
 This can lead to a lack of sleep and feeling exhausted
:‫ة‬ ‫م‬  (take off) ‫ ا‬-٦٦
take..sth..off : not go to work for a period of time- ‫ﯾﺄﺧذ أﺟﺎزة‬
.- I can't take off any time this week -
take..sth..off : removed something - ‫ﯾﺧﻠﻊ )ﻣﻼﺑس( – ﯾﻧزع‬
-It was hot so I took off my jacket
take off : leave the ground - (‫ﺗﻘﻠﻊ )طﺎﺋرة‬
-The plane took off at ha lf past four-
take off : suddenly became successful - ‫ﯾﺼﺒﺢ ﻧﺎﺟﺤﺎ أو ﻣﺸﮭﻮرا ﻓﺠﺄة‬
Her sports career took off after she won the competition -
:‫ل ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫رق‬‫ ا‬ -٦٧
make - do - get
.‫( ﻋﻧدﻣﺎ ﻧﺗﺣدث ﻋن ﺗﻘدﯾم أو ﺑﻧﺎء أو ﻋﻣل ﺷﻲء ﺟدﯾد‬make) ‫ ﻧﺳﺗﺧدم اﻟﻔﻌل‬-
- make timetable ‫ﯾﻌﻣل ﺟدول ﻣواﻋﯾد‬
- Before the start of the new year, the teachers work together to make a school timetable.
- make a plan ‫ﯾﻌﻣـــــل ﺧطـــــــﺔ‬
- Before I start revising, I always make a revision plan.
.‫( ﻋﻧدﻣﺎ ﻧﺗﺣدث ﻋن أداء أو ﺗﻧﻔﯾذ ﺷﻲء ﻣﺎ‬do) ‫ ﻧﺳﺗﺧدم‬-
- do work ‫ﯾؤدي ﻋﻣﻼ‬
- The problem with being a freelance worker is that you don't always do regular work.
- do accounts ‫ﯾﺟري اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت‬
ِ ْ ُ
- Freelance workers have to do their own accounts.
- did well ‫ﯾؤدي أداء ﺟﯾدا‬
- My friend Mona did really well in the test last week.
.‫( ﻋﻧدﻣﺎ ﻧﺗﺣدث ﻋن اﻟﺣﺻول ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻲء ﻣﺎ‬get) ‫ ﻧﺳﺗﺧدم‬-
- get money ‫ﯾﺣﺻل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻣﺎل‬
- How much money did Fareeda get when she was working in the bank last year?
 - get work ‫ﯾﺣﺻل ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﻣل‬
- Some graduates think that it is harder to get work today than it used to be.
- 68.training (knowledge, experience or skill learned) (‫رة‬ / ‫ة‬ /  ‫ب‬) ‫ر‬ - 
- His training as an electrician taught him to repair the TV set.
- She owes her flexibility to her early training as a dancer. - He received training in first aid.
- exercise: (physical movement for fitness / mental activity) (‫ ﺗدرﯾب )ﻟﺗﺣﺳﯾن ﻟﯾﺎﻗﺔ‬- ‫ﺗﻣرﯾن‬
- Exercise, such as running, is good for your health.
- Although she does not have time for much exercise, she is very healthy.
69-remind someone to + inf. ‫ُﯾذﻛر ﺷﺧص أن ﯾﻔﻌل ﺷﻲء‬ # remind+ object + of ‫ُﯾذﻛر ﺑﺷﻲء أو ﺷﺧص‬
Please remind me to post this letter. This souvenir reminds me of the last trip.
– remember ‫ء م‬
I can’t remember her phone number.. Remember to take your P.E. clothes to school
‫ ﺑﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬balance ? ‫ﺴﺘﺨﺪ‬
‫ ﺗ‬- 70
 balance (n.\v.) ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻥ\ﺍﺗﺰﺍﻥ\ﺭﺻﻴﺪ\ﻳﻮﺍﺯﻥ‬
 get the balance right between …. and … ..‫و‬ ..‫و‬..‫ﺑﯾن‬
..‫ﯾﺻل اﻟﻲ اﻟﺗوازن اﻟﺳﻠﯾم ﺑﯾن‬
Many people find it difficult to get the balance right between their work and their free time.
 keep his balance ‫ﯾﺣﺎﻓظ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺗوازﻧﮫ‬
 lose his balance ‫ﯾﻔﻘد ﺗوازﻧﮫ‬
Find \ achieve \ strike a balance ‫ﯾﺣﻘق ﺗوازن‬
 It is necessary to achieve a balance between the needs of employers and employees.
71-Freelance (‫ﻣﺳﺗﻘل)ﺷﺧص ﯾﻌﻣل ﻋﻣﻼ ﺣرا ﻏﯾر ﻣرﺗﺑط ﺑﺷرﻛﺔاو ﻋﻣﯾل واﺣد ﻓﻘط‬/‫ﺣر‬
She works as a freelance computer programmer work from home.
Free ‫ﻣﺟﺎﻧﻰ‬/‫طﻠﯾق‬/‫ﺣر‬
All students are offered free accommodation. Are you free next weekend?
72-Contain (‫ا‬ ) ‫ى‬ ،  ‫ى‬ The museum contains a number of original artworks.
include  ) ،  ،   The price for the hotel includes breakfast.
(‫ا‬‫ا‬ His job includes looking after under-21 teams.
Consist of  ‫ن‬ Ideally the netting team should consist of three people.
Including / They stole everything in my purse, including my credit cards.
Enclose ‫ر‬  (‫د‬‫ط‬/‫ب‬) ‫ا‬  The swimming pool was enclosed by a high fence.

٧٣-Invent : ‫د‬   ‫ع‬ Graham Bell invented the telephone.

Explore :  ‫ء‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ن و‬  They went on an expedition to explore the river Nile
Discover (  ‫ و‬  ‫دا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ء‬ The planet Pluto was discovered in 1930
‫وف‬)
find out (about) ( ) –  I found out I had made a mistake.
٧٤-cause  Scientists are trying to find out what causes the disease.
cause ‫ل‬ to ‫ر‬  The cold weather caused me to sleep early
cause of + ‫( ا‬‫ م‬‫دى ا‬)/ What was the cause of the fire?
reason for + v ing / ‫ا‬ ‫ داع‬ ‫ر‬   Can you give the reason for leaving ?
reason why +   Is there a reason why you can't come?
٧٥-Launch (‫اء‬‫ ا‬  ‫اى‬/‫ق‬‫ ا‬ /  / / ‫روخ‬ ) ‫ق‬‫اط‬/
Everyone watched the launch of the rocket on TV.
Release = set free ‫ر‬ ‫ او‬  ‫ن‬‫ او‬ ‫اح‬ 
He was released from prison yesterday. The bears are eventually released into the wild.
٧٦-everyday (adj ) ‫ ا‬+()  every day (adv ) ( ‫ف‬‫ )ظ‬ 
The internet has become part of everyday life./ every day I walk to school
٧٧ – affect   = have / has a/an+  + effect on----
Smoking affects our health badly. Smoking has a bad effect on our health.
٧٨ – astronaut… ‫ء‬ ‫را‬ * astronomer…   * astrologer…..  – ‫اف‬
Astronauts are people who travel into space.He works as an astronomer and studies stars.
( (without )  ( less ) ‫ وا‬full of (  ( full )‫ ا‬‫ا‬‫ ا‬ ٧٩-
Hopeful – hopeless / helpful – helpless / fruitful – fruitless / harmful – harmless /
 useful - useless / careful – careless / fearful – fearless / powerful – powerless
 painful – painless / tasteful ‫وق‬‫ ا‬ - tasteless / homeless ‫د‬
weightless ‫ وزن‬ / endless ‫ م‬ / valueless ‫ ا‬ / { priceless }  ‫ر‬  ‫ا‬ 
٨٠- spend + ‫ة ز‬ + v. ing ‫ و‬ = It took + ‫ل‬  ‫ أو‬‫ ا‬+ ‫ة ز‬ + to +‫ر‬ ‫ق‬
- He spent two hours doing his homework. It took me two hours to do my homework.
81-Queue    ‫ر‬‫ ط‬ /‫ر‬‫ط‬ row  ‫ ا‬ ‫س‬‫ء او ا‬‫ ا‬ 
-Leak (in) Tap/gas tube/tank/hose / pipe  ‫ب‬/‫ب‬ lack ‫م‬/ lake ‫ة‬
-Currently ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ / currency   current /( ‫ء‬ – ‫اء‬ – ‫ء‬) ‫ر‬ 
-Mission ‫ض‬/ emission (‫ى‬‫اد ا‬ ‫ز او‬)‫ق‬‫ام‬/‫ث‬‫ام‬ motion  mansion 
--repair (-)  -‫ح‬‫ا‬ Reform - ‫ م‬  ‫ أو‬ ‫ل‬‫د‬ 
- gravity ‫رض‬‫ ا‬‫ذ‬ attractiveness /‫ذ‬
-exploration ‫ن‬ ‫ف‬‫ ا‬-Invention   ‫د‬   ) ‫اع‬‫ ا‬discovery (‫وف‬  ‫د و‬ ‫ن‬ ) ‫ف‬‫ا‬
82-Anniversary  ‫ى‬‫ذ‬ Egypt celebrates October’s Victory anniversary every year
Souvenir ‫ر‬  We bought a lot of souvenirs when we were in Aswan
-memory ‫ى‬‫ذ‬/‫ة‬‫ذا‬ My computer has 500GB memory.
They always celebrate the memory of their marriage
83- orbit -  ‫ل‬ ‫ور‬ The moon orbits the earth.
spin (spun-span) - ‫ل م‬ ‫ور‬ A fan spins to make us feel cooler
(........... ) : -‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ -84
(‫ ﺻﻔﺔ‬+ er ) (‫ ﺻﻔﺔ‬+ er )
The ( more /less + ‫) ﺻﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬+ ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ‬, The ( more /less + ‫) ﺻﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬+ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
( ‫) ﺻﻔﺔ ﺷﺎﺫﺓ‬ ( ‫)ﺻﻔﺔ ﺷﺎﺫﺓ‬
-the more people want to do something, the cheaper it will become.
- The more expensive the hotel (is), the better the service (is).-
:(they, them, their) ‫ ﺟﻤﻊ‬‫ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺿﻤ‬‫ ﻻﺣﻆ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻵﺗﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻀﻤ‬-85
۩ Everyone / everybody / someone / somebody / no one / nobody / anyone / any
body / (any / every person)
 Everyone benefits from space technology in their everyday lives.
 Everyone has their own ideas about the best way to bring up children.
 Anybody can do it, can't they?
:‫ ﺑﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬reach ‫ ﻻﺣﻆ ?ﺳﺘﺨﺪ? ? ?ﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬-86
۩ reach = get to a particular level ‫ﻳﺼﻞ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮ ? ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‬
 Temperatures in the desert can reach 50 ˚C.
۩ reach = arrive at a place ‫ﯾﺻل اﻟﻲ‬
 It takes six hours to reach the space station.
۩ reach (a decision/an agreement/a conclusion)= ‫ﯾﺗوﺻل ﻟـ‬
 W e'll inform you when a decision has been reached.
۩ Reach for the stars = to try to achieve a very difficult aim ‫ﯾﺣﺎول اﻟوﺻول اﻟﻲ أو ﺗﺣﻘﯾق ھدف ﺻﻌب‬
87-position ( ‫س‬‫ف او ا‬‫ ا‬ )  She is in the enviable position of having three job offers.
‫ ا‬ / ‫م‬ /‫وط‬ Fist, get yourself into a comfortable position
Location ( ) ‫ن‬/ Most of the movie was shot on location in Africa.
His apartment is in a really good location.
site ‫وم‬‫ء – ا‬ /‫ى‬‫ ا‬ He managed to get himself a job on a building site.
There are numerous historic sites to visit.
destination  ‫و‬/ ‫ن‬ Scotland is a popular destination for conferences.
(about) ‫ ھﻧﺎك ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﻋدﯾدة ﻟﻠظرف‬-٨٨
- about : a little more or less than a number or amount ‫ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ‬
- There were about 100 people in the theatre.
- about : almost‫ا‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎ‬
- Breakfast is just about ready.
- (be) about to : ready to start doing something ‫ﻋﻠﻲ وﺷﻚ‬
- I was about to go out when my friend arrived .
٨٩-feel (felt) + adj ‫ ب‬ my parents felt happy because I passed the exam
fall(fell-fallen) ()  / I fell off the ladder yesterday.
He believes that educational standards are falling.
Fill (filled)…with ‫ ب‬ he filled the glass with water
Fail (failed)   he didn't study hard , so he failed the exam
80-Interrupt ‫ط‬ I interrupted her while she was talking to her sister
Interpret / We asked the teacher to interpret the poem
90-electrical (  ) ‫ات‬‫ص ا‬‫ل ا‬‫ ا‬ )‫ء‬‫ ا‬  ‫ اى‬
electrical (equipment / wires /appliances /fault /engineer /device /fuse)/storm
 electric (  ) (‫ة‬‫دوات وا‬‫ ا‬) ‫ء‬  ‫ اى‬
 electric ( car / washing machine /kettle /guitar /current / light/ oven /iron /fan / fire)
 an electrician( ‫ ) ا‬  We need an electrician to repair our electrical equipment.
Electricity ‫اﻟﻛﮭرﺑﺎء‬ - we can't do without electricity in our life.
Electrician ‫ﻋﺎﻣل ﻓﻧﻰ ﻛﮭرﺑﺎء‬ - A company needs four electricians to be employed
91–  + am – is – are – was – were + used to + V + ing / ‫ا‬  ‫د‬
‫ل‬ + is – are – was – were + used to + ( ‫ر‬ / for + v+ ing ) ‫ ل‬
 The men were not used to hearing about problems.
The radar was used to help planes to land.
92– developing countries ….. ‫ول ا‬‫ * ا‬developed (advanced ) countries..  ‫دول‬
Developed countries should help developing countries.
93- find (found -found )  / found ( founded -founded)  foundation   founder 
- I found a purse in the street. The shop is still run by the founder and his two sons.
-The president founded a lot of projects near Suez. Tim started a foundation for poor families in his city
94- technical (  )   technical education   / technical support  ‫د‬
 a technician ( ‫ ) ا‬  My friend is a brilliant technician 
95-contact ( ‫ف‬ ‫ون‬  )  contact with ( ‫ف‬  ‫ و‬‫)ا‬ ‫ل‬‫ا‬
They contacted earth She moved to Spain and I lost contact with her.
٩٦go wrong  do wrong  
-name after ‫ ا‬  Take after 
He was named after his father. Jane really takes after her mother.
-Loose ‫ ﻓﺿﻔﺎض‬- ‫واﺳﻊ‬/‫ﻏﯾر ﻣﺛﺑت ﺑﺈﺣﻛﺎم‬ lose / lost / lost ‫ﯾﺧﺳر‬/‫ﯾﻔﻘد‬ loss ‫ﺿﯾﺎع‬/‫ﻓﻘدان‬/‫ﺧﺳﺎرة‬
97- breathe  breath (‫ ا‬ ‫ى‬‫اء ا‬‫)ا‬‫اا‬ breathing ‫ ا‬ breeze ‫اﻟﻨﺴﯿﻢ‬
it is difficult to breathe in room because of smoke.
-He took a deep breath and dived in. The disease in his lungs made breathing very painful.
98 – Journey * trip * flight * voyage * picnic *
 Journey ‫ ط‬‫ر‬  We're going to go on a journey to the countryside.
 trip ٩‫ر‬/ )٠ ‫ض‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ ر‬ We're going to go on a trip to Alexandria next Friday.
My father came back from a business trip to China.
 picnic  ‫م‬
‫م‬ I'm going to have a picnic on the farm.
 voyage  ‫ ر‬ I enjoyed my voyage on the Nile to Aswan. 
 flight  ‫ر‬ Did you enjoy your flight to London?
99- prefer ‫ل‬
Prefer + ( noun / v ing )....... to ( noun / v ing ) ‫ ان‬
(would)Prefer to + ( inf )....... rather than ( inf ) ‫ ان‬
- I prefer tea to coffee. I'd prefer to stay at home rather than to go out.
100-cure (v) ‫ض‬  / 
This medicine will cure your cough. Many fatal diseases can now be cured
cure (v) of ‫ف ا‬ ‫ض وم‬     The doctor cured my aunt of fever
- cure (n) (for) - ‫ف ا‬ ‫ج وم‬  There is no cure for cancer.
- heal ( cuts – wounds – burns – broken bones - injuries- bruises)
.‫ت‬‫ه ا‬ ‫ى‬‫ل إ‬‫ن ا‬‫ل ( و‬ ‫ون أو‬ ) 
His wound took along time to heal. - This ointment heals cuts.
Treat   (with)
He is being treated for a rare skin disease. The doctor treated him with aspirin
101-Theory ‫م‬ Scientists often do experiments to prove a particular theory
theorist   He is a political theorist
in theory ‫م‬ In theory, everyone has to pay tax
Theoretically ‫م‬ theoretically, anyone can travel to the moon
Theoretical ‫ى‬‫م‬ His theoretical thinking can't be practical without hardwork
102-diabetes - ‫ض ا‬ People who have diabetes must be very careful about what they eat
Diabetic (adj.)   She has been diabetic since she was a child.
103-release (/‫اء‬‫ ا‬   ‫ك‬‫ ا‬ 
Two thousands balloons were released into the air at the ceremony
Release = set free ‫ر‬ ‫ او‬  ‫ن‬‫ او‬ ‫اح‬ 
He was released from prison yesterday. The bears are eventually released into the wild.
104- see / hear / watch + object + ( v.ing ) Or ‫ر‬ inf.   ‫ل‬‫ه ا‬
I saw him talking about the Pyramids on TV. ‫ﻋﻧدﻣﺎ ﻧدرك ﺟزء ﻣن اﻟﺣدث‬
I saw him talk about the Pyramids on TV. ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺪرك اﻟﺤﺪث ﻛﻠﮫ‬
105-Result of (‫ر ط‬‫ أو ا‬ )   ‫ت ا‬‫ ل ا‬‫م‬:
 the result of the experiment surprised everyone.
cause of + ‫( ا‬‫ م‬‫دى ا‬)/ What was the cause of the fire?
reason for + v ing / ‫ا‬ ‫ داع‬ ‫ر‬   Can you give the reason for leaving ?
106-Amount of (n.) -   The project will take a huge amount of time and money.
A number of (n.) –  ‫د‬ They received a number of complaints.
107-complain to… ()‫ا ا‬ Neighbours complained to the police about the dogs
barking
complain about…… ‫ص‬ ‫ او‬ ‫ن‬ Many people have complained about feeling tired.
complain of …. ‫ض‬ –  – ‫ ا‬ ‫ن‬ A
* li complained of continuous headache.
* complain that +   He complained that they treated him badly.
108 – sign…. (  ‫ل‬ ‫ث‬)‫رة ا‬‫ا‬///‫ت‬ ‫ او‬ ‫ او‬ (‫م‬ ‫ او‬‫)ور‬ ‫ او‬
He raised his hand in a sign of greeting. Didn't you see the "No smoking" sign?
* signal ….. ‫ء‬ ‫ء اذن‬‫ او ا‬ ‫ او‬ ‫رة‬‫ أو ا‬‫ر‬
These signals are sent to and from our mobile phones
The soldiers were waiting for the signal to start firing.
109 – device …… ‫ * ادا او ا‬devise ……  * advice…. ‫ * … م‬advise….. 
Mobiles are excellent devices.
١١٠-Series (‫ت‬/‫ت‬/‫ا‬/‫ا‬//‫اث‬‫ ا‬)  serial (‫م‬/‫)اذا‬ serious / ‫د‬
-Limit ( )‫د‬ mark() ‫د‬
- mast ‫رات‬‫د ا‬  stick   tower ‫ج‬  pole /(‫ن‬/)‫د‬/‫ر‬
- factor (‫ا‬ )  ۩ factory 
-install  ‫م‬ / ‫ه‬‫زا و‬  fix /‫ة ط‬  ‫ ا‬   
Security cameras have been installed in the city centre. he's outside fixing the brakes of car
111-process ‫ء‬  ‫ات‬‫ ا‬  (/-‫ط‬-) ‫اث‬‫ا‬/‫ات‬ ) 
Coal forms by a slow process of chemical change. Repetition can help the learning process.
operation  ‫ او‬(‫م‬/) ‫ز‬‫ ا‬/ /‫ا‬ 
She’s going to need an operation on her ankle. The firm set up its own property development operation
The device has a single button, allowing for easy operation.
112- land(‫رض ا‬‫)ا‬ earth ‫اب‬‫ ا‬/‫ارض‬‫ ا‬
floor (‫دور‬/ ‫ل‬‫ ا‬‫ دا‬‫ )ار‬ground ( ‫م‬‫رج ا‬ ‫ ) ار‬soil( ‫ر‬/‫ زرا‬
-There is water on the floor. - The library is on the first floor. -There was rubbish on the ground.
- Elephants are animals that live on land. . Most herbs grow well in dry soil
.The Earth moves around the Sun.
1١٣.Success ‫ﻧﺟﺎح‬ Everyone agreed the picnic was a great success
(be) a success ‫ ﻧﺟﺎﺣﺎ او ﻧﺎﺟﺢ‬ Taking part in the competition was a success
Successful ‫م‬ Their new advertising campaign has been very successful.
١١٤-Educate (/‫ر‬)   This School educates handicapped children.
Education/‫ر‬  ‫ر‬‫ ا‬/‫ا‬ She also hopes her children will get a good education.
Educated ()  Heba is a highly educated woman
Uneducated ()  I hate the uneducated and the ignorant.
Educational  The egyptian educational system is in need of reform.
١١٥.Current Strong currents can be very dangerous for swimmers.
‫رى‬//( ‫ء‬ – ‫اء‬ – ‫ء‬) ‫ر‬  In its current state , the car is worth 60,000 pounds
Currently ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ / He is currently working on his first novel.
currency   The bank can supply you with foreign currency
currant ‫ﻋﻨﺐ ﻣﺠﻔﻒ‬ A currant row is a line of plants that have small
fruits
116-interview ( / ‫م‬ / ‫ )إذا‬ /(‫ظ‬)  
He has an interview next Thursday for a job.
appointment ‫رة‬ ‫د)ر‬ /  I have an appointment to see the doctor.

meeting (  )‫ع‬‫ا‬ We’re having a meeting next week to discuss the matter
conference  In June, Japan hosted a peace conference
117-apply for (‫ ا‬، ‫ ا‬ ‫ن‬ /  / ‫ة‬ / ‫ وظ‬ ‫ل‬)  
She applied for a job with the local newspaper.
apply to + inf. ..    He has applied to join the police.
apply to + noun   Do the same rules apply to part-time workers?
apply to + noun ‫ إ‬  I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.

118-Special (= not ordinary)  /‫ص‬ ‫ع‬‫ م‬

Special care  ‫ ر‬, special attention ‫ص‬ ‫ ا‬special occasion  
The government gives special care to reclaiming the desert. This is a special kind of cloth.
private  ‫او‬ ‫ او‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ او‬ (opposite: public )
a private school  ‫ر‬ a private hospital ‫ص‬ 
Our house has a private garden. He didn’t want to discuss his private life.
١١٩-
١١٩-applicant (‫ض‬ /  / ‫ة‬ /  / ‫ء )وظ‬  ‫ل‬ ( ) 
● He was one of 30 applicants for the manager's job.
۩ candidate ‫ او وظ‬ ‫ م‬ (‫ت‬‫ ام‬/‫ن‬‫ا‬/ ‫ظ‬) /
● There are only three candidates for the job.
● Candidates are not allowed to use a calculator in this exam.
١٢٠-Neighbours ‫ان‬‫ا‬ One of the neighbours complained about the noise from the
party.
neighbourhood ‫ا‬/‫ة‬‫ا‬ Most of the houses in our neighbourhood are quite old.
Neighbouring ‫ور‬ The fair attracted thousands of people from neighbouring areas.
neighbourly ‫ون او ودود‬ It was very neighbourly of you to do her shopping for her.
١٢١-Degree ‫ارة‬ ‫در‬/ ‫ در‬I have a degree in biology from Alexandria University
Grade /‫در‬/‫ل‬ She always gets good grades. Jack is in the sixth grade.
Graded ‫رج‬ These exercises are graded . Some of them are easier than others.
١٢٢-Fluent (in) (adj) ‫ن‬‫ ا‬‫ط‬ Manal can speak very good English, but she is not fluent.
Fluently (adv) ‫ن‬  He spoke French fluently.
Fluency (n) ‫ن‬‫ ا‬‫ط‬ Some young children achieve great fluency in their reading.
123- qualify (v)  /  qualification (n)  qualified (adj) ََ ُ
-establish / establishment /‫ة‬/ ‫ء‬‫ام‬ established ///‫را‬
-produce ُ production ‫ج‬‫م‬‫ا‬ product َُ productive (adj) ‫ام‬
-Conscience ‫ا‬ conscientious   ‫ ذو‬-   conscious ‫رك‬/‫وا‬
١٢٢- pour ‫ﯾﻧﮭﻣر‬ ► I was standing in the pouring rain waiting for my bus.
 rise ‫ﺗﺷرق‬ ►When the sun rises, it appears in the sky.
 set ُ
‫ﺗﻐرب‬ ► We sat on the beach and watched the sun set.
  fall ‫ﯾﺳﻘط‬ ► The snow had been falling all day.
 blow ُ
‫ﺗﮭب‬ ► The wind was blowing harder every minute.
 blizzard ‫ﻋﺎﺻﻔﺔ ﺛﻠﺟﯾﺔ‬ ► We once got stuck in a blizzard for six hours.
 downpour ‫ﻣطر ﻏزﯾر‬
► They were awakened sometimes before daylight by a sudden heavy downpour of rain.
 gale ‫)رﯾﺎح ﺷدﯾدة (ﻋﺎﺻﻔﺔ‬ ► Hundreds of old trees were blown down in the gales
١٢٣- percent = % ‫ ا‬
► You got 20 percent of the answers right - that means one in every five.
 percentage  ‫م‬
► Police only recover a very small percentage of stolen goods.
١٢٤-Fall down(on) / fall off    fall over ‫اء‬ /‫وى‬
While he was running down, he fell down and broke his leg.
He fell off his horse and broke his wrist. the tree fall over because of the strong wind
١٢٥- throughout ‫ﺧﻼل وﻗت‬ - she spoke clearly and fluently throughout the job interview
- thorough ‫ ﺷﺎﻣل‬- ‫ﺗﺎم‬ - We need a thorough understanding of the subject
- through (‫ﻋﺑر – ﺧﻼل )ﻣﻛﺎن‬ْ - He entered the house through the gate.
١٢٦-rise ( -  - ‫داد‬ -- ‫ء م‬   –  – ‫ق‬ ) ‫ل‬  
The sun rises in the morning. - Why do you think prices rise so high ?
- He rose quickly and left the meeting.
raise (-‫ت‬  - – ) ‫ل‬ 
- Farmers raise cattle. - Raise your hand . - We want to raise money for the orphans ?
Arise ( arose /arisen) (‫ﯾﻧﺷﺎ ﻻ ﯾﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻌدھﺎ )ﻣﻔﻌول‬/‫ﯾظﮭر‬/ ‫ﯾﺣدث‬
A crisis has arisen in the Foreign Office.
A lot of social problems arise due to poverty and destitution
Arouse( arouse/arouse) ‫ﯾﺛﯾر )ﯾﺳﺑب رد ﻓﻌل ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺎ او ﻋﺎطﻔﺔ ﻟدى اﻟﻧﺎس ( وﯾﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻌدھﺎ ﻣﻔﻌول‬
His strange behavior aroused my suspicions.

127-Employer  ‫ او‬‫ ا‬ The shoe factory is the largest employer in this area.
  ‫ا‬ Everyone likes working for Mr Hamdi. They say he is a very
kind employer
Employee ‫ظ‬ The largest company in our town has 600 employees
Employable ‫ظ‬ ‫ا‬ If you have a degree from a good university, you will be very employable
Employment / ‫وظ‬ She was offered employment in the sales office.
Unemployment ‫ا‬ They live in an area where unemployment is high.
Employed () ‫ظ‬ More than 3,000 local workers are employed in the tourism industry.
Fifty percent of the men in this town are unemployed.
Unemployed ‫ط‬
128-Get (be) promoted = get a promotion   
Due to his great efforts, he got(was) promoted / got a promotion at work.
١٢٨-provide ‫ ﺷﻰ‬for ‫)ﯾوﻓر ل( ﺷﺧص‬ provide/supply ‫ ﺷﺧص‬with ‫)ﯾﻣد ب( ﺷﻰ‬
The project is designed to provide young people with work.
The project is designed to provide work for young people.
١٢٩- object to + n/ V + ing (v.) ‫ض‬ object (n. ) ‫ف‬ / ‫ء‬
 The committee strongly objected to the report's recommendations.
 Look, there's a strange object in the sky!
١٣٠-Redundant (‫ﻣﻔﺻول ﻣن اﻟﻌﻣل )ﻟزﯾﺎدة ﻋن اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ fired ( ‫ﻣﻔﺻول ﻣن اﻟﻌﻣل )ﻟﺧطﺎ او ﺗﻘﺻﯾر ارﺗﻛﺑﮫ‬
Ex: The bank expects to make 15,000 staff redundant over the next three year
Ex: He was fired from his work last week because of his carelessness.
١٣١-
١٣١- differ (from)  ۩ differ about / on / over ‫ن‬  ۩
differentiate between (right) and (wrong) ‫ف‬‫ ا‬ / ‫ق‬‫ ا‬
۩ differentiate (right) from (wrong) ‫ف‬‫ ا‬ / ‫ق‬‫ ا‬
People differ from one another in their ability to handle stress.
The two lawyers differed about how to present the case.
It's important to differentiate between fact and opinion.
Its unusual nesting habits differentiate this bird from others.
132.Acquire ‫ز‬/‫ز‬/ The college acquired a reputation for very high standards.
Require  The project requires considerable investment.
Inquire  We rang the hospital again to inquire how the old man was.
133-except (for) ‫ء‬ / ‫ا‬ 
● Everyone went to the show except for Hany.
Accept + n  accept an invitation / an apology ‫ار‬‫ ا‬/ a present /a bribe ‫ة‬‫ ر‬/
condolences ‫زي‬
 He accepted my invitation to the party.
expect + ‫ ﻣﻔﻌول‬+ to + inf. / expect + ‫ ﻓﺎﻋل‬+ will + inf./ expected + ‫ ﻓﺎﻋل‬+ would + inf.
 She expects to find a good job soon.  I expect that she will pass the test. ‫ﯾﺗوﻗﻊ‬
I expected he would win the race.
134-Distinctive ( ‫ او‬  ‫ ا‬‫ )ا‬ distinguished (‫ب ا‬‫ل ا‬‫ا و‬ ‫)م‬/
Ex: I like wearing clothes with distinctive styles.
Ex: I think blue lenses makes you look very distinguished.
135-Admire ‫ﯾﻌﺟب ب‬ appeal to (‫ﯾﻌﺟب )ﯾﺛﯾر اﻋﺟﺎب‬/‫ﯾروق اﻟﻰ‬
I admire this sculpture. This sculpture appeals to me.
136-Evolve ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬ The school has evolved its own style of teaching.
Revolve / ‫ور‬ The wheel began to revolve
Involve / These changes will involve everyone on the staff.
137-landmark ‫رز ة‬  The pyramids are the landmarks of Egypt
Landscape ‫ ط‬ The landscape along the Nile banks is attractive
Landslide ‫ر ا‬‫ام‬ The earthquake caused great landslide in our area.
138-historical (story- novel- book-film-character-events-document) (‫ر‬  ) ‫ر‬
- historical stories tell us about the past. Most folk songs have been made up to record historical events
historic (building- palace - event- castle –day-occasion- moment )   ‫ أ‬ / 
 Salah al-din's castle is a historic building. Holding this conference is a historic moment.
139-statue ‫ان‬ ‫ن أو‬‫م‬  ‫ل‬ sculpture ‫ ا‬   ‫ل‬
Ex: Look at this wonderful sculpture. It’s made by a well-known artist.
People who visit Egypt are always eager to see the ancient statues.
140-Proud of ( ‫ ا‬/ / v ing )  ‫ر ان‬
Her parents are very proud of her. The company is justly proud of its achievements.
Proud to‫ر‬‫ ا‬   ‫ر ان‬
 Dr Ali was proud to be part of such a brilliant team.
 141-specially (‫ص‬ ‫ض‬)   A wheelchair is specially made for the disabled.
especially( ‫ أو‬ )   We must increase our production especially wheat.

142-Power ‫ك‬ ‫ة‬/ ‫ ا‬‫ط‬ Those who have the power of love can't be defeated
‫ع ا‬‫م‬/ ‫ز‬‫م‬//‫ة ط‬ Energy is produced in power stations.
The power of nature is superior to man.
Politics spoil when greed for power interferes
Energy‫ا‬/ ‫ا‬/‫ ا‬‫ط‬ Machines need energy to work.
‫ع ا‬‫م‬ People, animals and plants need energy to live
The problem with nuclear energy is dealing with the
waste.
143-Feel / Have concern for     
 My parents usually feel concern for us when we are away from home.
express concern about ‫ء‬ ‫ن‬   
 Police officials expressed concern about robberies, which have increased by 23%.
concerning ‫ص‬ / ‫ن‬
 W e have several questions concerning the report.
١٤٤ -C
Clear up  ‫ض‬‫ ا‬/
/
 They are trying to clear up the mystery of the boy's sudden disappearance.
Clear up (‫م‬
(‫م‬ ‫ء ا‬‫دة ا‬)
‫دة‬) ‫ن‬ 
 Who's going to clear up after the party?
Clarify = 
Could you clarify the first point please? I don't understand it completely.
145.Imaginary (‫ وا‬ )  Many young children have imaginary playmates
Imaginative ‫ع‬/  We really need an imaginative ideas to solve the problem
My friend is an imaginative novelist
146.Mystery (   )‫ض‬/ What caused the accident remains a mystery.
Secret ‫ ا‬ ‫ء‬‫ و‬‫ ا‬)  They kept their relationship secret from their parents.
147.succeed in + n / v.ing   / manage (to + inf).  / / 
- He succeeded in climbing the mountain / He managed to solve the problem of his classroom
148.merchant (  He was the son of a wealthy merchant
Merchandise(v) ‫ق‬ She had to merchandise the new product line.
. A range of official Disney merchandise was on sale.
Merchandise (n)  ‫ او‬
149 – have interest in = be interested in   - interested to+ ‫ر‬ - interesting‫ء‬ 
They have a great interest in learning English. They are interested to learn English.
They are interested in learning English. The story is very interesting
150-by ( plane-train-car-ship-boat) ( ‫)اداة او‬ ‫ون‬ ‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ ا‬‫ و‬  
I travelled to Luxor by train. She went to work by car
on ( ‫)اداة او‬ ‫د‬ (‫ دا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ت) ا‬‫ا‬‫ ا‬‫ و‬ 
I go to school on a bus.
in ( ‫)اداة او‬ ‫د‬ (‫ دا‬‫ ا‬  ‫ت) ا‬‫ا‬‫ ا‬‫ و‬ 
I go to school in my car. She goes to Cairo in a taxi

188- move = move in (‫ﯾﻧﺗﻘل ﻟﺳﻛن ﺟدﯾد )ﺑدون ﻣﻔﻌول‬/‫ﯾﻐﯾرﺳﻛﻧﮫ‬

 * He didn't like his house, so he decided to move. Our new neighbours moved in yesterday.
move into + ‫ﻣﻔﻌول‬ ‫ﯾﻧﺗﻘل ﻟﺳﻛن ﺟدﯾد‬
They’ve moved into bigger offices in London..
Move away ‫اﻻﺷﯾﺎء‬/‫ﯾﺑﻌد اﻻﺷﺧﺎص‬/ ‫ﯾﺑﺗﻌد‬
My best friend moved away when I was ten. He moved his arm away from his face.
189-Research = do research on / into    
He’s been researching material for a documentary.
She's doing research on/into the connection between crime and poverty.
190- grow ‫ وﺑﻣﻌﻧﻰ )ﯾﻧﻣو(ﻓﮭو ﻓﻌل ﻻزم‬، ‫ﺑﻣﻌﻧﻰ )ﯾزرع( ﻓﻌل ﻣﺗﻌدى اى اﻧﮫ ﯾﺣﺗﺎج ﻣﻔﻌول‬
Farmers in this area grow cotton and sugar cane.
a tree which will grow well in most types of soil
178-hard (adj.) ‫ﺻﻠب‬/‫ﺻﻌب‬/‫ﻣﺟﺗﮭد‬ No one passed the exam. It was hard.
hard (adv.)‫ﺑﻌﻧف‬/ ‫ﺑﻐزارة‬/‫ﺑﺷدة‬/‫ﺑﺟد‬ Rana studies hard to get high marks
hardly (adv.) ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺻﻌوﺑﺔ‬/‫ﺑﺎﻟﻛﺎد‬ There is hardly any water in the glass.
It's very dark in this room. I can hardly see.
.179-kidnap - ‫ﯾﺧﺗطف ﺷﺧص‬ The thief kidnapped the woman and killed her
Hijack ‫ﺳﻔﯾﻧﺔ‬/‫اﺗوﺑﯾس‬/‫ ﯾﺧﺗطف طﺎﺋرة‬The gang hijacked the plane to get a lot of money -
180- alive ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﯾد اﻟﺣﯾﺎة‬/ ‫ ﺣﻰ‬- Life ‫اﻟﺣﯾﺎة‬ - Live ‫ﯾﻌﯾش‬ - Lively ‫ﻧﺷﯾط‬
-dead ‫ﻣﯾت‬ - death ‫اﻟﻣوت‬ - die ‫ﯾﻣوت‬ - deadly ‫ﻣﻣﯾت‬
181– later ‫ﻓﯾﻣﺎ ﺑﻌد‬  latter ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻰ او اﺧر‬
 she later worked for an organization. She offered me more money or a car and I chose the latter
170-based in ‫ﻣﺳﺗﻘر ﻓﻰ‬/‫ﻣﻘره ﻓﻰ‬ based on ‫ﻣؤﺳﺳﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ‬/ ‫ﻣﺑﻧﻰ‬
We're based in Chicago. The movie is based on a real-life incident
172-in debt = indebted ‫ن‬ debt ‫د‬ debit  ‫ ا‬‫م‬
He was in debt as he borrowed a lot of money. Mr Micawber went to prison because of his debts
173– own  owe …to()  
He owns a red car. We owe much money to the bank.
174rob + (‫ﻣﻜﺎن‬/‫ﯾﺴﺮق)ﺷﺨﺺ‬ A gang robbed the bank yesterday.
rob somebody of something They robbed him of his money.
steal + ‫ء‬ ‫ق‬ The thief stole her bag The thief stole my money.
165 – score goals…. ‫اف‬‫ز أ‬ give myself goals… ‫اف‬‫د أ‬ reach /achieve goals….‫ا‬ 
 I give myself goals and plan how to achieve them. He has scored 12 goals so far this season
 Unless you do your best, you won't achieve your goal
166-other +  ‫ا‬ - others (‫ون‬‫ ) ا‬‫ون ا‬ // - another + (‫دة‬‫ – ز‬‫د )ا‬ ‫ا‬
Some people like English. Other people don't like it. I like this cake, give me another one.
Some people like English. Others don't like it.
164. lose ‫ﯾﺨﺴﺮ‬/‫ ﯾﻔﻘﺪ‬/ be lost = get lost = go missing = lose …. way ‫ﯾﻀﻞ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻖ‬
* I‟ve lost my Exercise book. Please, help me to find it.
* Three tourists have been lost in the jungle.
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1٦٥. affect / effect (impact):

* affect ‫ ٍﯾﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬: Pollution affects the environment badly.
* effect / impact ‫ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ‬: We are studying the effects of pollution on the environment.
* have a/ an 
ٚ effect (impact) on   ٍ
* Pollution has a bad effect (impact) on people and the environment.
1٦٦. limit = cut down ‫ﯾﻘﻠﻞ‬/‫ ﯾﺤﺪد‬/ mark ‫ﯾﻤﯿﺰ‬/‫ﯾﺤﺪد‬
* We should limit our use of non-renewable sources of energy.
* Sham El Nasseem marks the beginning of spring.
١٦٧-Transplant  /‫رع‬ His kidney was transplanted in his daughter.
Transport (‫س‬‫م‬/ ) trucks used for transporting oil
Transfer () ‫ل‬/  I’d like to transfer $500 to my checking account.
transmit ‫ء‬ ‫رة او‬‫ ا‬ ‫ او‬ When he got lost, he transmitted a signal using the
mobile.

١٦٨-Hear of/about ‫ ب‬/ ‫ف‬ I haven't heard about / of this singer before
Hear from I haven't heard from Ayman lately. I hope he is well.
‫ب‬//‫ ) ر‬ ‫را‬‫او ا‬/‫ ا‬

١69-Look for = search for   Detectives are still looking for the escaped prisoner.
Look up    ‫س او‬     If you don't know what it means, look it up in the dictionary.
Look forward to + ( v ing/ n) ‫ ا‬ I’m really looking forward to our vacation
Look like  What does your uncle look like?
Look out = watch out ‫س‬‫ا‬ Look out! There’s a car coming.
Look after = take care of ‫ ب‬ Don’t worry, I’ll look after the kids tomorrow.
١٧0-Paper ()  ‫ورق‬ Write it down on a piece of paper.
a paper (a newspaper)  Today's paper is over on the coffee table.
papers (newspapers)  You’ll read about it in tomorrow’s papers
Papers(documents) ‫و‬/‫ات‬ I left some important papers in my briefcase
١71-Bully  We called the police to arrest the bullies
Bully (v) / Older children usually bully younger or weaker ones
Bully ...into (v) ‫و‬/ Don’t let them bully you into working on Saturdays.
Bullying (n) ‫ا‬ Bullying is a big problem in slums.
1٧2-Cheat (at / in )   He had cheated in the test by using a calculator.
Cheat ‫ن‬ /  ‫ل‬ /‫ع‬ He had cheated his clients by selling them worthless stocks.
Cheat ( n) ‫ب‬‫ م‬/ ‫ش‬ His addiction has turned him into a cheat and a liar
Cheating ‫ م‬/  Cheating is a crime

1٧٣-Wear ‫ ا‬  ‫ ا‬) ‫ى‬ Heba was wearing a blue silk dress.
Put on ‫ث ذا‬‫ ا‬  ‫ل‬‫ ا‬) ‫اء‬‫ر‬  Put on your shoes, We are late for school.
Dress ‫ل‬ ‫ون‬ ‫ى‬ I got up early , dressed and went to school
Dress + ‫ل‬ ‫ ا‬    My wife dressed our daughter , Heba
Be dressed in = wear ‫ى‬ He is wearing a red shirt = He is dressed in a red shirt

17٤. take on = employ ‫ظ‬ We’re taking on 50 new staff this year.
take on /    Don’t take on too much work – the extra cash isn’t worth it.
  ‫ا‬ Mr sayed has taken on the post of manager.
take on= compete  Nigeria will take on Argentina in the first round of the
World Cup on Saturday.