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Ch4 - Ip Addressing - English

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Hồ Thanh Danh
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7 views

Ch4 - Ip Addressing - English

Uploaded by

Hồ Thanh Danh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LOGO

C4 NETWORK LAYER

 IP v.4
LOGO

3 IP v.4
 IP v.4:
 32 bit in length, written as xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
 Content:

• Class bit: for class identification


• Net ID: for network identification
• Host ID: for host identification within a
network
LOGO

3 IP v.4
Classes system: A,B,C,D, and E
 Class A:
Network Host (24 bits)
0 (7 bits)

 Class B:
Network( Host
1 0 (16bits)
14 bits)

 Class C:
Network( Host
110
21 bits) (8bits)

 Class D:
1110 Multicast address

 Class E:
1111 Future use addresses
LOGO

3 IP v.4
How can devices (routers) distinguish the
network address and host address in an IP
address?
 Using Net Mask (Subnet Mask)
 Ex:
• IP address: 154.210.2.65
• net mask: 255.255.0.0
• Network address: 154.210.0.0
Writing format: IP/Net Mask
 Ex: 154.210.2.65/16
LOGO

3 IP v.4
 Rule: the first IP address (with host bits are
all 0) and the last IP address (with host bits
are all 1) of a network are NOT used for
assigning to hosts.
Class A:

 Net id: ranges from 1. to 126.


 Host id: ranges from 0.0.1 to 255.255.254
 Number of class A networks? 126. Hosts/Network? 224-2
 Ex: IP address: 115.15.3.5 /8
• Network address: 115.0.0.0
• Range of addresses: from115.0.0.1/8 to 110.255.255.254/8
LOGO

3 IP v.4
Class B:

 Net id: ranges from 128.0. to 191.255.


 Host id: ranges from 0.1 – 255.254
 Number of class B networks? 214
Hosts/Network? 216 - 2
 Ex: IP address: 151.2.255.4 /16
• Network address: 151.2.0.0
• Range of IP addresses: from 151.2.0.1/16 to 151.2.255.254
/16
LOGO

3 IP v.4
Class C:

 Net id: range from 192.0.0. to 223.255.255.


 Host id: range from .1 to .254
 Number of class C networks? 221 Hosts/Network?
28 - 2
 Ex: IP address: 203.0.1.254 /24
• Network address: 203.0.1.0
• Range of IP addresses: from 203.0.1.1/24 to 203.0.1.254/24
LOGO

3 IP v.4
Subnetting:
 Borrowing bits of Host part and using them as Subnet id

 Using Subnet mask


• Ex: IP address: 223.2.5.130 /26
• Subnet mask? 255.255.255.192
• Subnet address? 223.2.5.128/26
• Range of IP addresses ? 223.2.5.129/26 – 223.2.5.190/26
(26 – 2 IP addresses)
LOGO

3 IP v.4
Subnetting:
 The number of Subnets: 2n
• n : the number of borrowed bits
• Ex:
– Original Network: 223.2.5.0/24
– Borrowing 2 bits from Host part for subnetting.
– 22 = 4 Subnets are created:
» 223.2.5.0 /26
» 223.2.5.64 /26
» 223.2.5.128 /26
» 223.2.5.192 /26
– Number of Hosts/Subnet: 26 – 2

»
LOGO

3 IP v.4
Notes:
 Loopback address: 127.0.0.1
 Network Address : Address with host bits are
all 0
 Broadcast Address: Address with host bits are
all 1
• Network address: 223.2.5.0/24 -> broadcast address:
223.2.5.255/24
• Network address 223.2.5.64/26 -> broadcast address:
223.2.5.127 /26
 255.255.255.255 : local broadcast address
LOGO

3 IP v.4
Private addresses, Public addresses:
 Public addresses:
• Being globally unique to the Internet
• Being assigned by InterNIC
 Private addresses: for local uses within
organizations
• Class A: 10.0.0.0/8
• Class B: 172.16.0.0/12
• Class C: 192.168.0.0/16
LOGO

3 IP v.4
Private addresses, Public addresses:
mobile network

global ISP

home
network public IP
regional ISP

Private IP

institutional
network
Private IP

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