Lecture 9 29.01.

2024
Microcontroller Boards and Features – An overview
Initial Reference: https://www.elprocus.com/different-types-of-microcontroller-boards/

Arduino Uno

Features

• Microcontroller: ATmega328P
• 32 KB of Flash memory
• Operating Voltage: 5V
• Input Voltage (recommended): 7-12V
• Input Voltage (limits): 6-20V
• Digital I/O Pins: 14 (6 pins provide PWM output)
• Analog Input Pins: 6
• DC Current per I/O Pin: 40 mA
• DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA.

• The high-performance Microchip picoPower® 8-bit AVR® RISC-based microcontroller

combines 32 KB ISP Flash memory with read-while-write capabilities, 1024B
EEPROM, 2 KB SRAM, 23 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working
registers, three flexible timer/counters with compare modes, internal and external
interrupts, serial programmable USART, a byte-oriented Two-Wire serial interface, SPI
serial port, a 6-channel 10-bit A/D converter (8-channels in TQFP and QFN/MLF
packages), programmable watchdog timer with internal oscillator, and five software
selectable power saving modes. The device operates between 1.8-5.5 volts.
 • By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the device achieves
throughputs approaching one MIPS per MHz, balancing power consumption and
processing speed.
• 131 powerful instructions – most single clock cycle execution
• Power-on reset and programmable brown-out detection
• External and internal interrupt sources
• Six sleep modes: Idle, ADC noise reduction, power-save, power-down, standby, and
extended standby

Operating voltage: 2.7V to 5.5V for ATmega328P

Speed grade:
0 to 8MHz at 2.7 to 5.5V (automotive temperature range: –40°C to +125°C)
0 to 16MHz at 4.5 to 5.5V (automotive temperature range: –40°C to +125°C)
Low power consumption
Active mode: 1.5mA at 3V - 4MHz
Power-down mode: 1µA at 3V
The AVR® core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32
registers are directly connected to the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers
to be accessed in one single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more
code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than conventional CISC
microcontrollers.

Since all AVR instructions are 16 or 32 bits wide, the flash is organized as 16K 16.
Raspberry Pi 3 Development Board

Raspberry Pi 3 board includes

• Processor: 1.2GHz, 64-bit quad-core ARMv8 CPU

• 802.11n Wireless LAN
• Bluetooth 4.1
• Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
• 1GB RAM
• 4 USB ports
• 40 GPIO pins
• Full HDMI port
• Combined 3.5mm audio jack and composite video
• Camera interface (CSI)
• Display interface (DSI)
• Micro SD card slot
• videoCore IV 3D graphics core
BeagleBone Black Development Board

Features
• Processor: AM335x 1GHz ARM Cortex-A8
• 512MB DDR3 RAM
• 2GB 8-bit eMMC on-board flash storage
• NEON floating-point accelerator
• 2x PRU 32-bit microcontrollers
• 3Dgraphics accelerator

An embedded MultiMediaCard (eMMC) is a small storage device made up of NAND flash

memory and a simple storage controller. The eMMC standard for embedded flash memory
applications was developed in 2006 by JEDEC and the MultiMediaCard Association.

JEDEC originally stood for Joint Electron Device Engineering Council, but is now known as
the JEDEC Solid State Technology Association.
NodeMCU from Espressif Systems

ESP-8266 32-bit, Clock speed 80 MHz, Wifi built in 802.11 b/g/n

• Microcontroller: Tensilica 32-bit RISC CPU Xtensa LX106

• Operating Voltage: 3.3V
• Input Voltage: 7-12V
• Digital I/O Pins (DIO): 16
• Analog Input Pins (ADC): 1
• UARTs: 1
• SPIs: 1
• I2Cs: 1
• Flash Memory: 4 MB
• SRAM: 64 KB
• Clock Speed: 80 MHz
• USB-TTL based on CP2102 is included onboard, Enabling Plug n Play
• PCB Antenna
• Small Sized module to fit smartly inside your IoT projects

ESP32 is dual-core 80Mhz to 240MHz CPU and ESP8266 is an 80MHz single-

core processor.
The ESP-12E module on the development board contains an ESP8266 chip with a Tensilica
Xtensa 32-bit LX106 RISC microprocessor that supports RTOS and operates at 80 to 160
MHz adjustable clock frequency. The ESP8266 is a low-cost, user-friendly device for
connecting your IoT projects to the internet. The nodemcu ESP8266 includes an 802.11b/g/n
HT40 Wi-Fi transceiver
8051 Quick Starter Development board (SiliconTechnolabs) with AT89S52 microcontroller on board

The Key features of the 8051 Microcontroller –

• 4 KB on-chip ROM (Program memory).
• 128 bytes on-chip RAM (Data memory).
• The 8-bit data bus (bidirectional).
• 16-bit address bus (unidirectional).
• Two 16-bit timers.
• Instruction cycle of 1 microsecond with 12 MHz crystal.
• Four 8-bit input/output ports.
• 128 user-defined flags.
• Four register banks of 8 bit each.
• 16-byte bit-addressable RAM.
• The general purpose registers are 32 each is 8-bit.
• 8051 has two external and three internal interrupts.
• 8051 microcontroller specifies some special function features like UARTs, ADC,
Op-amp, etc.
• It has a 16-bit program counter and data pointer.
AT89S52 (Atmel – now Microchip)
Compatible with MCS®-51 Products • 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory –
Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles • 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range • Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz
to 33 MHz • Three-level Program Memory Lock • 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM • 32 Programmable I/O
Lines • Three 16-bit Timer/Counters • Eight Interrupt Sources • Full Duplex UART Serial Channel •
Low-power Idle and Power-down Modes • Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode • Watchdog
Timer • Dual Data Pointer • Power-off Flag • Fast Programming Time • Flexible ISP Programming
(Byte and Page Mode) • Green (Pb/Halide-free) Packaging Option
 PIC18 based Microcontroller Board (From Microchip)

Features

• PIC18 Core with 83 Instructions, 31 Stack Levels

• Internal 64MHz oscillator
• Operating Voltage Range: 1.8V – 5.5V
• Temp. Range:- Industrial Version (-40C to 85C)- Extended Version (-40C to 125C)
• 64 KB Flash Program Memory with self read/write capability
• 3728 Bytes Data SRAM Memory
• 1024 Bytes of EEPROM
• 10-bit ADC with computation, 35 channels
• 8 x Configurable Logic Cell (CLC)
• 1 x 5-bit DAC
• 2 x Comparators
• Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR) module - 1.024V, 2.048V and 4.096V o/p levels
• Hardware Capacitive Voltage Divider (CVD) for mTouch buttons/sliders
• 1 x Zero-Cross Detect
• 2 x I2C/SPI
• 2 x EUSART with LIN support
• CRC with Memory Scan
• Windowed Watchdog Timer (WWDT)
• 1 x Hardware Limit Timer (HLT)
• 1 x Complementary Waveform Generator
• 2 x standalone 10-bit PWM modules
• 2 x Capture/Compare/PWM modules
• Three 8-bit Timers/Counters, Four 16-bit Timers/Counters
• Extended Watchdog Timer (WDT)
• Doze, Idle, and Sleep Power Saving Operating Modes
• Low Current Power-on Reset (POR)
• Brown-out Reset (BOR)
• Peripheral Pin Select
• In-Circuit Debug Integrated On-Chip
• In-Circuit Serial Programing (ICSP) via Two Pins
 pcDuino - Development Board

Features:

• 1GHz ARM Cortex A8 CPU

• GPU: OpenGL ES2.0, OpenVG 1.1 Mali 400 core
• 1GB DRAM
• Onboard Storage: 2GB Flash, microSD card (TF) slot for up to 32GB
• Arduino-Style Peripheral Headers (Adapter Needed for Shield Form-Factor)
• HDMI Video Output
• Linux3.0 + Ubuntu12.10 Supported
• 0.1" Spaced GPIO Headers
• RJ45 Ethernet Connection
• Power Requirements: 2A @ 5VDC
• API to access the following interfaces:
o UART
o ADC
o PWM
o GPIO
o I2C
o SPI
• Program in C, C++ with GNU tool chain
• Program in Java with standard Android SDK
• 125mm X 52mm