1. Which of the following best describes weathering?

a. The process by which rocks are exposed to severe weather

b. The process by which rocks are formed by heat and pressure
c. The mechanical or chemical process by which rocks are broken down
d. The process by which rocks are chemically strengthened due to exposure to heat and pressure
2. How does gravity contribute to weathering?
a. by abrasion of the rocks b. by expansion of rocks
c. by dissolving rocks’ particles d. by creating holes in rocks
3. Which of the following is NOT an example of physical weathering?
a. Freeze- thaw b. Wind blowing sand onto a rock c. Plant that grows on the cracks of the rocks d. Abrasion
due to the movement of glaciers 4. What happens to pieces of rock as they are transported by a river? a. they get smaller
and rounder c. smaller and more jagged b. much larger and rounder d. gets larger and more jagged
5. In hydration, water is an active agent of chemical weathering. What happens when water loosely combines with the
minerals of the rock?
a. cements them together b. converts the mineral into another kind
c. transports the rock into a lower altitude d. weakens the molecular binding of the minerals
6. What are the two things that affect the rate of weathering?
a. time and date b. type of rock and climate
c. rain and ice d. size of rock and time of the year
7. Which of the following best describes chemical weathering?
a. The process by which rocks are broken down by physical forces
b. The process by which rocks are broken down by chemical means
c. The process by which rocks are broken down by anthropogenic activities d. all of the above 3
8. Weak organic acids are produced by the action of the growing roots of lichens. These acids react with some minerals in
rocks resulting in the decomposition of rocks. How will you classify this process?
a. Physical weathering b. Chemical weathering
c. Biological weathering through physical means d. Biological weathering through chemical compounds 9.
Which of the following conditions promotes slow chemical weathering? a. fracturing c. high amount of rainfall b. thick
soil d. cold temperature 10.Which type of rocks tends to weather more rapidly through hydrolysis process?
a. Rocks that contain iron.. b. Rocks that contain quartz
c. Rocks that are impermeable. d. Rocks that contain feldspar.
11.Which is an example of oxidation?
a. Rust decomposes rocks completely with passage of time. b. Some of the minerals get dissolved in water.
c. The joints enlarge in size and lime is removed in the solution. d. Due to the absorption of water by rocks, its volume
increases.
12.Which of these statements is NOT true about mechanical weathering?
a. breaks rock material into smaller pieces b. changes the chemical composition of rocks
c. strong winds carrying sand blows on the rocks
d. beach rock gets hot in daytime and cools in the evening thus creating fracture on the rock
13.Which of the following activities has resulted in an increased rate of chemical weathering through acidification?
I.The production of SO2 and NO in the atmosphere that combine with rain to form acids.
II.The release of too much carbon dioxide in the air that turn rain into weak acid.
III.The disintegration of rocks during construction and mining
IV.The growth of the plant roots on the rock crack.
a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 1 and 2 d. 2 and 3
14.Which is NOT included in the group? a. carbonation b. abrasion c. acidification d. hydration
15.In which of the following climates will chemical weathering be most rapid?
a. cold and dry b. cold and humid
c. hot and dry d. hot and humid
1. Which of these statements are TRUE about mechanical weathering?
I. breaks rock material into smaller pieces
II. changes the chemical composition of rocks
III. moss growing on the wall fence creates crack on the walls
IV. beach rock gets hot in daytime and cools in the evening thus creating fracture on the rock
a. I and II b. I and III c. I and IV d. II and III
2. Which of the following activities has resulted in an increased rate of chemical weathering through acidification?
a. The growth of plant roots on the rock crack. b. The disintegration of rocks during construction and mining
c. The release of too much carbon dioxide in the air that turn rain into weak acid
d. The production of SO2 and NO in the atmosphere that combine with rain to form acids
3. Which is NOT included in the group?
a. abrasion b. acidification c. carbonation d. hydration
4. In which of the following climates will chemical weathering be most rapid?
a. hot and dry b. cold and dry c. hot and humid d. cold and humid
5. Which of the following DO NOT describe weathering?
I. The process by which rocks are broken during severe weather
II. The process by which rocks are formed by heat and pressure
III. The mechanical or chemical process by which rocks are broken down
IV. The process by which rocks are chemically strengthened due to exposure to heat and pressure a. I, II and III b. I, II and
IV c. I, III and IV d. II, III and IV
6. How does gravity contribute to weathering?
a. by expansion of rocks b. by abrasion of the rocks
c. by creating holes in rocks d. by splitting rocks particles
7. Which of the following is an example of biological weathering?
a. Freeze- thaw b. Wind blowing sand onto a rock
c. Abrasion due to the movement of glaciers d. Plant that grows on the cracks of the rocks
8. What happens to pieces of rock as they are transported by a river?
a. smaller and more jagged b. gets larger and more jagged
c. much larger and rounder d. they get smaller and rounder
In hydration, water is an active agent of chemical weathering. What happens when water loosely combines with the
minerals of the rock?
a. cements minerals of the rock together b. converts the mineral into another kind
c. transports the rock into a lower altitude d. breaks down the molecular binding of the minerals
10.Which type of rocks tends to weather more rapidly through the hydrolysis process?
a. Rocks that contain iron b. Rocks that contain quartz.
c. Rocks that contain feldspar. .d. Rocks that are impermeable.
11.Which is an example of oxidation?
a. Some of the minerals get dissolved in water. b. Rust decomposes rocks completely with passage of time.
c. The joints enlarge in size and lime is removed in the solution.
d. Due to the absorption of water by rocks, its volume increases.
12.What are the two things that affect the rate of weathering?
a. rain and ice b. time and date c. type of rock and climate d. size of rock and time of the year
13.Which of the following best describes chemical weathering?
a. The process by which rocks are broken down by physical forces
b. The process by which rocks are broken down by chemical means
c. The process by which rocks are broken down by anthropogenic activities 1d. all of these
14.Weak organic acids are produced by the action of the growing root of lichens. These acids react with some minerals in
rocks resulting in the decomposition of rocks. How will you classify this process?
a. Physical weathering b. Chemical weathering
c. Biological weathering through physical means d. Biological weathering through chemical compounds
15.Which of the following conditions promotes slow chemical weathering?
a. fracturing b. thick soil c. high rainfall d. cold temperatures
1. Which is the most abundant element composition in magma?
a. Aluminum b. Oxygen c. Silicon d. Sodium
2. What is the tendency of the magma with high silica content?
a. It tends to be hotter. b. It tends to be less viscous. c. It tends to be more viscous. d. It tends to be less explosive.
3. What is the effect of the magma’s high viscosity on volcanic eruption?
a. It becomes less explosive. b. It becomes more explosive.
c. It has less magma emission. d. It has more magma emission.
4. Magma plays an important role in geologic processes. Which of the following best describes magma?
a. a molten rock b. a molten metal c. a mixture of liquids and gases
d. a molten rock came out to the Earth’s surface
5. Which geologic process takes place inside cracks and infiltrates the upper mantle allowing liquids and gases to reach
the surface of the earth?
a. Plutonism b. Hydration c. Tectonic d. Volcanism
6. Why does partial melting of rocks occur on the earth’s mantle?
a. Because rocks are made of metals. b. Because rocks are pure materials.
c. Because rocks are made up of silicates. d. Because rocks’ composition has different melting points. 7. What rock is
produced when the process of crystallization takes place inside the crust?
a. Plutonites and Volcanites b. Plutonites c. Volcanites d. None of the above
8. Which of the following factors affect the melting of rocks?
a. temperature and pressure b. pressure and minerals components of a rock
c. temperature and minerals components of a rock
d. temperature, pressure and mineral components of a rock
9. Which geologic process occurs on the earth’s surface correlated with flow and transportation of igneous material?
a. Metamorphism b. Plutonism c. Volcanism d. Seismic activities
10.Geologist found out that rocks melted under various pressures. Which of the following best describes how pressure
affects the melting of rocks?
I. The higher the pressure, the lower the melting point.
II. The lower the pressure, the higher the melting point.
III. The higher the pressure, the higher the melting point.
a. I and II b. II only c. III only d. II and III
11. Which statement best describes plutonism?
a. A geological phenomena that occurs on the surface of the earth
b. A motion that takes place inside the cracks that infiltrate the upper mantle
c. A process where magma infiltrates the Earth’s crust but fails to make it to the surface d. A process correlated with the
flow and transportation of igneous material towards the surface
12.Which igneous rock formation is produced when the process of crystallization takes place on the Earth’s surface?
a. Plutonites and Volcanites b. Plutonites c. Volcanites d. None of the above
13.What condition is ideal for metallogenesis?
a. magma differentiation occurs b. magma reaches the Earth’s surface
c. magma infiltrates the Earth’s crust but fails to make it to the Earth’s surface.
d. magma infiltrates the Earth’s crust, fails to make it to the Earth’s surface and magma differentiation occurs.
14. What happens during flux melting?
a. Rock’s melting point is reduced when mixed with some water or carbon dioxide.
b. Rock’s melting point is increased when mixed with some water or carbon dioxide.
c. Rock’s melting point is reduced when mixed with some oxygen or carbon dioxide.
d. Rock’s melting point is increased when mixed with some oxygen or carbon dioxide.
15. What temperature and pressure conditions allow magma to form?
I. low pressure and low temperature II. high pressure and low temperature III. low pressure and high temperature
a. I only b. I and II c. II and III d. III only
1. How does decompression melting occurs?
a. It occurs when the temperature is constant but the pressure increases. b. It occurs when the temperature is constant
but the pressure decreases.
c. It occurs when the temperature decreases directly proportional to pressure.
d. It occurs when the temperature increases inversely proportional to pressure.
2. How is magma formed?
a. Magma is formed through movement of rocks and minerals.
b. Magma is formed under the earth’s mantle through solar radiation.
c. Magma is formed through heating and cooling of materials on the earth’s surface.
d. Magma is formed under certain circumstances in special location deep in the crust or in the upper mantle of the
Earth. 3. What happens after magma is formed?
I. Magma escapes by intrusion. II. Magma escapes by extrusion.
III. Magma escapes to the bodies of water. IV. Magma escapes through a magma chamber.
a. I, II and III b. I, II and IV c. I, III and IV d. II, III and IV
4. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. High viscous magma means higher temperature, more silica content, and less violent eruption.
b. High viscous magma means higher temperature, less silica content, and more violent eruption.
c. High viscous magma means lower temperature, less silica content, and less violent eruption.
d. High viscous magma means lower temperature, more silica content, and more violent eruption. 5. Which set of
elements are all present in magma?
a. Silicon, Lithium, Iron, Manganese b. Oxygen, Silicon, Iron, Aluminum
c. Nitrogen, Potassium, Calcium, Aluminum d. Iron, Calcium, Silicon, Lithium
6. What is the tendency of a magma with high silica content?
a. It tends to be hotter. b. It tends to be less viscous.
c. It tends to be more viscous. d. It tends to be less explosive.
7. Which of the following statements describe volcanism?
I. A geological phenomena that occurs on the surface of the earth
II. The motion takes place inside cracks that infiltrate the upper mantle
III. The process where magma infiltrates the crust but fails to make it to the surface
IV. A process correlated with the flow and transportation of igneous material towards the surface
a. I, II and III b. I, II and IV c. I, III and IV d. II, III and IV
8. To which activity can you compare partial melting of mantle rocks?
a. Butter and chocolate bars are heated together until they both melted.
b. Chocolate bars with almond and pistachio nuts are heated until all the chocolates melted while the nuts remained
solid.
c. Vanilla ice cream was left to melt on the table.
d. Ice cubes disappeared in a pitcher of orange juice.
9. Which of the following statements do not describe plutonism?
I. A geological phenomena that occurs on the surface of the earth
II. A motion that takes place inside cracks that infiltrate the upper mantle
III. A process where magma infiltrates the crust but fails to make it to the surface
IV. A process correlated with the flow and transportation of igneous material towards the surface
a. I, II and III b. I, II and IV c. I, III and IV d. II, III and IV
10. At what temperature will magma turn entirely to liquid?
a. More than 2000 degrees Celsius
b. Between 1000 and 1200 degrees Celsius c. Between 800 to 1000 degrees Celsius d. More than 1300 degrees Celsius
11. Which condition will initiate the combination of silicon and oxygen to form silica tetrahedra that link together to
make chains or to polymerize?
a. Magma rapidly moving upward towards the Earth's surface while its temperature remains constant.
b. Magma rapidly moving upward towards the Earth's surface thus increasing its temperature.
c. Magma slowly moving upward towards the Earth's surface thus increasing its temperature.
d. Magma slowly moving upward towards the Earth's surface thus decreasing its temperature.
12. What happened during flux melting?
a. Rock’s melting point is reduced when mixed with some oxygen or carbon dioxide.
b. Rock’s melting point is increased when mixed with some water or carbon dioxide.
c. Rock’s melting point is reduced when mixed with some water or carbon dioxide.
d. Rock’s melting point is increased when mixed with some oxygen or carbon dioxide.
13. What temperature and pressure conditions allow magma to form?
I. low pressure and low temperature II. high pressure and low temperature
III. low pressure and high temperature
a. I only b. I and II c. III only d. II and III
14. Why does partial melting of rocks on mantle occur?
a. Because rocks composition has different melting points. b. Because rocks are made of metals. c. Because rocks are
made up of silicates. d. Because rocks are pure materials.
15. Which of the following factors affect the melting of rocks?
a. temperature and pressure
b. pressure and mineral components of a rock
c. temperature and mineral components of a rock
d. temperature, pressure and minerals components of a rock