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Thermal Design Using HTRI

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Aarya Patel
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145 views

Thermal Design Using HTRI

Uploaded by

Aarya Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

A Stepwise

Shell and Tube BFW preheater thermal Design


by HTRI
In 5 minutes!!
 Process data
Heating and Cooling Table
 Open HTRI and Input Summery sheet and enter data in red areas
 Enter operating data in process sheet in red areas
 Enter heating and cooling table data in hot and cold fluid properties in red areas
 Put shell info in shell sheet in red areas
 Note :
 1. Initially estimate shell ID between 2-3 times tube-side pipeline ID, here it is 10 inch so first estimation
would be 30 inch or 760 mm.
 2. If there is one heat exchanger act like the rest.
 Put Tube mechanical data
 Note that since it is treated BFW, tube OD 19.05 is selected
 According to table below Tube thickness 2.11 is selected.
 Select Pitch 25.4 to pass TEMA R.2.5
 Put baffle info in baffle sheet in red areas
 Note that according to TEMA, minimum baffle spacing of shell ID/5 should be selected
 Enter nozzle info from piping info
 Set nozzle location
 Act exactly like below for impingement sheet
 Results:
 1. Now run and it says : increase shell ID and and when you increase it till ID is 1500 mm, it still fails and at
the same time there is the warning about baffle type and changing baffle type to NTIW , still it says it
fails with the warning that baffle spacing should be increased and when it is increased to 300 mm, it
runs but the results are not satisfactory because it does not pass shell dp which is 0.5 bar.
 2. Now change baffle type to double segmental to reduce the pressure. They are known for low dp
usages but still it is not satisfactory since it does not meet shell dp which is 0.5 bar.
 3. Note that alongside with dp criteria when Runtime messages sheet is opened the warnings on next
page is shown. Therefor we can conclude that the geometry should be changed to X type and when
you do so all but three warnings are eliminated and that is good!!
 4. Next step is to optimize process conditions. First and foremost, check dp criteria for both tube-side
and shell-side. For this both of them are met but we have some abnormalities such as maldistribution in
shell-side. In order to solve the problem, increase nozzle numbers to 4 and the warning gets away!!
 5. By the way do not pay attention to set plan error and physical properties error. They are useless.
 6. Now look at the process result:
 Note three important things:
 1. Dp criteria is met.
 2. But water velocity is lower than 1 m/s set by TEMA
 3. Over design factor is less than 0 which is normally 10 % and sometimes it varies by 15% according to
different practices.
 So it sounds as if the tube passes is increased the problem is about to solves because adding tube
passes not only increases the water velocity but also increases Heat transfer. Not until the passes is
augmented to 4 , the velocity reaches 1.05 m/s . Note that Overdesign factor when tube pass is 1 is
about -10% and when tube passes are 4 overdesign factor is 15%. Another point that at the same time
dp in tube side increased since v2 has a direct impact on dp and lastly, tube H increased
consequently. Don’t forget to change the type from DXM to DXU.
In order to solve the acoustic vibration, change the tube length, most times it helps! But before increasing
tube length in order to let overdesign factor stay constant tube number should be reduced. Now active
tube layout and run the program again. It is common to eliminate tubes in inlet and outlet. Eliminate some
rows in inlet and outlet and run it again and as a result oversize factor reduces. In order to counteract that
increase the tube length. It is not until tube length is about 8,7 m the acoustic vibration omits and for now
the number of U-tubes is 1110.
In order to compensate the loss in duty due to Tube number decrease tube length is increased to 10 m
and run it again and the oversize factor is about 10%
Lastly note that the distance between distribution plate and inlet nozzle is about id/5, here 300 mm
 Remember that the only warning is about maldistribution in shell inlet. By adding a distribution plate the
problem is usually solved.
Types of support baffle used

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