IOT GREENHOUSE MONITORING SYSTEM

Our project is all about creating a smart system for greenhouses using IoT technology. This system
will use sensors to keep an eye on important things like temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and
light levels. With this information, farmers can make better decisions to help their plants grow better.
It's like giving farmers a superpower to take care of their crops and get more out of their harvests.
Acknowledgement
Domain lead : CVSN Reddy
Mentor : Harsha BK

Team Members:

1.Amogh MS
2.Adithya U
3.Bhuvan P Gowda
4.Ayushman BL
5.Sharan S Gowda
6.Sujal P Javali
 Table of contents

1 Introduction Overview of IoT Greenhouse 1

Monitoring System
2 Team members ,domain 2
Acknowledgement
head
3 Summary of the IoT
Abstract 4
Greenhouse Monitoring System
4 Speci cations of Components Detailed speci cations of each 5-12
and working principle component
5 Data acquisition and Acquisition ,analysing and 13
visualisation visualise data
6 Discussion Problem encoutred , 14
solution ,application in various
elds ,future
7 Circuit and owchart Circuit diagram , owchart of 15-18
code
8 Reference Links of the Vedio and githhub 19
link
9 Appendix Code snippets 20
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 Abstract
The IoT Greenhouse Monitoring System aims to provide a smart and automated
solution for monitoring and controlling the environmental conditions within a
greenhouse. The system utilizes various sensors, including temperature, humidity, soil
moisture, and light sensors, to continuously monitor the greenhouse parameters. The
sensor data is transmitted to a microcontroller-based system, which processes the
information and controls actuators like fans, pumps, and lights to maintain the optimal
growing conditions. The system can be accessed and controlled remotely through a
mobile app or web interface, allowing the greenhouse operator to monitor and adjust the
settings from anywhere. By automating the greenhouse environment, the system helps
to improve crop yields, reduce labor costs, and minimize the impact of environmental
fluctuations on plant growth. The IoT-based architecture enables remote monitoring and
data logging, providing valuable insights for optimizing greenhouse management.
 Iot Greenhouse Monitoring
System
Speci ications of Components
• Arduino UNO
• Microcontroller: ATmega328P
• Operating Voltage: 5 volts
• Input Voltage (recommended): 7-12 volts
• Input Voltage (limits): 6-20 volts
• Digital I/O Pins: 14
• Analog Input Pins: 6
• DC Current per I/O Pin: 20 mA
• DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA
• Flash Memory: 32 KB
• SRAM: 2 KB
• EEPROM: 1 KB
• Clock Speed: 16 MHz
• USB Interface: ATmega16U2
• Length: 68.6 mm
• Width: 53.4 mm
• Working Principle : The Arduino Uno serves as the central control
unit, receiving data from sensors such as the DHT11 and soil moisture
sensor, processing it, and executing commands to regulate
greenhouse conditions, facilitating automated monitoring and
control.
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• DHT 11 Temperature Sensor
• DHT11 Temperature & Humidity Sensor
features a temperature & humidity
sensorcomplex with a calibrated digital signal
output. By using the exclusive digital-signal-
acquisition technique and temperature
& humidity sensing technology, it
ensures high reliability and excellent long-
term stability. This sensor includes a resistive-
type humidity measurement component and
an NTC temperature measurement
component, and connects to a
highperformance 8-bit microcontroller,
offering excellent quality, fast response, anti-
interference ability and cost-effectiveness

• Working Principle : The DHT11 temperature

sensor measures the surrounding
temperature in the greenhouse by detecting
changes in resistance of a thermistor,
converting it into a digital signal for the
Arduino Uno to interpret and utilize in
greenhouse monitoring.
• Soil Sensor
• Usually 3.3V or 5V Analog or Digital Typically
between dry soil (high resistance) and wet
soil (low resistance) .Varies, but commonly
within a few percentage points .Power
Consumption: Low power consumption for
extended battery life in remote applications.
Operating Temperature Range: Wide range to
accommodate different environmental
conditions Varies, typically around 5 to 10 cm

• Interface: Digital output for interfacing with

microcontrollers like Arduino

• Working Principle : The soil moisture

sensor measures the moisture content
in the greenhouse soil by detecting
changes in electrical conductivity,
providing data to the Arduino Uno for
monitoring and regulating soil moisture
levels in real-time.
• Light Sensor
• Usually 3.3V or 5V ,Analog or Digital Sensitivity to
speci ic wavelengths of light .Typically measures
illuminance in lux or a similar unit Varies, but commonly
within a few percentage points .Low power
consumption ,Operating Temperature Range: Wide
range to accommodate different environmental
conditions ,digital output for interfacing with
microcontrollers like Arduino . Time taken to detect
changes in light intensity

• Working Principle : The light sensor measures the

intensity of light in the greenhouse by converting
incident light energy into electrical signals, which
are then interpreted by the Arduino Uno to assess
and regulate the lighting conditions for optimal
plant growth.
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• LCD Display
• Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) .Varies, commonly
16x2 (16 characters per row, 2 rows) or 20x4 (20
characters per row, 4 rows) .Typically 5V Wide
viewing angle for readability from different
positions . Low power consumption to minimize
energy usage

• Working Principle : The LCD display

visually presents greenhouse sensor data,
such as temperature and humidity
readings, received from the Arduino Uno,
facilitating real-time monitoring and
control of environmental conditions.
Relay
The relay switches on/o devices like incandescent
lamps or air blowers to maintain the desired
temperature and humidity levels in the greenhouse.The
relay activates a water pump to irrigate the plants when
the soil moisture sensor detects low moisture
levels.The relay turns on/o grow lights based on the
ambient light intensity measured by a light sensor to
provide the plants with the required photoperiod.The
relay operates exhaust fans or vents to regulate the
CO2 levels and prevent heat buildup in the
greenhouse.The relay sounds a buzzer or sends alerts
when sensor readings go beyond the safe thresholds,
allowing the user to take corrective actions.

Working Principle : Relays work by using a low-

voltage signal to control a higher-voltage circuit,
allowing devices like lights, fans, or pumps to be turned
on or o based on sensor inputs. In the IoT greenhouse
system, relays help automate environmental control for
optimal plant growth by interfacing with a
microcontroller to manage conditions like temperature,
humidity, soil moisture, and lighting.
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 Node MCU

In the IoT greenhouse monitoring system project, the

NodeMCU module serves as a crucial component for
connecting the system to the wireless internet through
HTTP protocol or IoT platforms. It enables farmers to
access and manage the greenhouse remotely. The
NodeMCU processes data collected from sensors like
soil moisture, LDR, and DHT22 for temperature and
humidity, controlling parameters such as water pumps,
motors, exhaust systems, and lighting systems
accordingly. Additionally, the NodeMCU facilitates
remote monitoring and control through wireless internet
or IoT platforms like Telegram bots, enhancing the
e ciency and convenience of greenhouse management

Working Principle : The NodeMCU in the IoT

greenhouse system collects data from sensors,
processes it using its built-in Wi-Fi capabilities and Lua
scripting, controls actuators based on sensor readings,
and enables remote monitoring and control via wireless
connectivity, enhancing the e ciency and convenience
of greenhouse management.
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LDR Module

In the IoT greenhouse monitoring system project, the LDR

(Light Dependent Resistor) module is used to detect changes
in light intensity. It plays a crucial role in controlling the lighting
system within the greenhouse. The LDR sensor measures the
light intensity and sends the data to the microcontroller, which
then decides whether to turn the lights on or o based on the
threshold set. This ensures that the plants receive the optimal
amount of light for growth and development

Working Principle:

The LDR module in the IoT greenhouse system

measures light intensity and sends data to the
microcontroller, which turns grow lights on or o
based on prede ned thresholds, ensuring optimal
lighting conditions for plant growth.
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 Data acquisition and visualisation
Data Acquisition
The IoT Greenhouse Monitoring System integrated with Adafruit IO collects various data related to the greenhouse
environment, including temperature, humidity, sunlight exposure, soil moisture, and other relevant parameters. This data is
acquired continuously, providing real-time information into the greenhouse conditions
Data Analysis
The acquired data is analyzed to optimize environmental parameters for plant growth, leading to increased crop yield and
reduced resource consumption .
Data Visualization
The collected data is visualized through a mobile app or a cloud-based platform, which allows us to monitor and control the
greenhouse environment remotely. Various types of visualizations are useful for qualitative and quantitative analysis.

The IoT Greenhouse Monitoring System integrated with Adafruit IO collects various data related to the greenhouse
environment, including temperature, humidity, sunlight exposure, soil moisture, and other relevant parameters. This data is
stored in the cloud server, ensuring accessibility and security. The duration of data collection is continuous, providing real-time
insights into the greenhouse conditions. By analyzing this data, we can make informed decisions to optimize environmental
parameters for plant growth, leading to increased crop yield and reduced resource consumption. The collected data is
visualized through a mobile app or a cloud-based platform which allows us to monitor and control the greenhouse environment
remotely.
 Discussion

Problems Encountered
• Ensuring accurate sensor readings by adjusting for environmental factors and sensor changes. Fixing issues with WiFi connections and lost data packets by
changing how data is sent. Managing how much power devices use to work well and not waste energy. Water pump was not able to run for a longer duration
due to high powers supply .Putting di erent parts together carefully to make sure they work together smoothly.
Solutions
• Adjusting sensor readings for the environment and sensor changes.Fixing data loss by changing how data is sent.Saving power by using better components
Testing each part before putting them together.
Application in Various Fields
• Agriculture: Helps grow crops better and save water and energy.
• Research: Used in experiments to control conditions accurately.
• Education: Teaches about IoT and monitoring.
• Commercial Greenhouses: Improves crop yields and saves money.
Future Work
• Smart Irrigation Systems: Connect with smart watering systems to save water.
• Expansion: Monitor other places like indoors and outdoors.
Improvements.
• Sensor Accuracy: Use better sensors for more precise data and values .
• Security: Protect data and system from unauthorized access.
Miscellaneous
• Cost-E ectiveness: Saves money by using resources better.
• Environmental Impact: Helps the environment by reducing waste.
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Circuit diagram
Flowchart
Flowchart of Arduino code
Flowchart of node mcu code
 References

Link of Vedio of our project made by our team

https://photos.app.goo.gl/KMGCg3L6fd2o5LkD7

GitHub link of all the implemented code

https://github.com/Adithyayou18/IotGreenhouseMonitoringSystemGithub/commit/5d31064de6b1994a6e815132ddebbedb2b74e199
 Appendix
• Code Snippets
• The IoT Greenhouse Monitoring System integrated with Adafruit IO collects various data related to the greenhouse
environment, including temperature, humidity, sunlight exposure, soil moisture, and other relevant
parameters12. The code snippets provided in the search results demonstrate how this data is acquired and
transmitted to the Adafruit IO platform.
• The irst code snippet, "nodemcu_greenhouse_monitoring_system.ino"1, shows the setup and loop functions of the
system. In the setup function, the code connects to the Adafruit IO platform and waits for a successful connection.
In the loop function, the code reads data from the serial port and saves it to the "liveupdate" feed on Adafruit IO.
• The second code snippet, "Iot Greenhouse Monitoring System Code.ino"2, demonstrates the implementation of
various sensors and actuators in the greenhouse monitoring system. The code includes functions for reading
temperature and humidity using a DHT11 sensor, checking soil moisture using a soil moisture sensor, and
controlling a light and a water pump based on the sensor readings.
• The sensor data is displayed on an LCD screen and printed to the serial port.These code snippets provide a
foundation for understanding the data acquisition and control aspects of the IoT Greenhouse Monitoring System.
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