Ministry of Education Second year secondary

Experimental Exam – physics – Second term 2024

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First : Choose the correct answer [1:20]
[1] A diamond cutter needs to apply a very precise and concentrated force 2N to a tiny area of a
diamond to cleave (break) it along a specific plane. The diamond cutter's tool has a sharp,
pointed tip with a contact area of 0.001 mm².What is the minimum pressure applied by the
diamond cutter's tool?
(a) 0.002 x 109 Pa (c) 2 x 109 Pa
(b) 0.2 x 109 Pa (d) 2000 x 109 Pa

[2] A car is parked for a long time, and its tires lose some air pressure. The owner fills the tires
to their recommended pressure using an air pump. What happens to the area of contact between
each tire and the road after the tires are inflated to the recommended pressure?
(a) The area of contact increases significantly.
(b) The area of contact decreases significantly.
(c) The area of contact remains almost the same.
(d) The answer depends on the weight of the car.

[3] Imagine you are using a straw to drink a beverage. When you suck on the straw, what is the
main reason the liquid rises up the straw?
a) You decrease the pressure inside the straw, allowing the atmospheric pressure outside
to push the liquid up.
b) You create a vacuum inside the straw, causing the air pressure outside the straw to
push the liquid upwards.
c) You create a high-pressure zone at the bottom of the straw, forcing the liquid upwards.
d) The liquid naturally flows upwards due to its attraction to the straw material.
[4] A mercury barometer was used to measure the height of one of these buildings. The pressure
at ground level was 76 cm Hg and the pressure above the top of the building was 74.28 cm Hg.
Assuming that the temperature is constant and neglecting the effect of air humidity, the building
is .........
given that the air density is (1.25 kg/m³).
(a) The Great Pyramid (146m) (c) Eiffel Tower (324m)
(b) Cairo Tower (187m) (d) The Iconic Tower (385m)

[5] A container holds 2 liters of nitrogen gas at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP). The
container is sealed to keep the volume constant. If the temperature of the gas is increased by
27°C, what happens to the pressure of the gas? ……………
(a) decreases to 0.9 atm
(b) increases to 1.1 atm
(c) increases to 2.09 atm
(d) increases to 2.19 atm

[6] The figure shown represents a U-shaped tube of uniform cross-section containing two
immiscible liquids in a state of equilibrium, which ratio is correct?.
choice 𝐏𝐏𝐀𝐀 𝐏𝐏𝐂𝐂
=⋯ =⋯
𝐏𝐏𝐁𝐁 𝐏𝐏𝐃𝐃
A Less than one greater than one
B A
B greater than one Equal one
C Less than one Equal one
D C D Equal one Equal one
[7] When the barometer tube is replaced with another with a larger diameter, the volume of
Torricelli's vacuum .... , and the height of the mercury column .....
(a) Increases, increases.
(b) Constant, increases.
(c) Constant, constant.
(d) Increases, constant.

[8] What is the pressure difference between the heart and the brain in a giraffe, if the brain is 2
meters above the heart?
(Assume blood density is 1060 kg/m3 and blood velocity is constant.)
(a) 10.35 kPa
(b) 20.8 kPa
(c) 15.67 kPa
(d) 32.4 kPa

[9] The graph shows the relationship between the volume and pressure of a gas. According to
the graph, what is the value of A? P (N/m2)
6
(a) 1 N/m2
(b) 2 N/m2 A
Voℓ (cm3)
(c) 2.5 N/m 2 0.4 1.2

(d) 3 N/m2

[10] The figure shows a container containing mercury and water.

Which of the following is the correct order of pressures at the indicated points?
(a) PD > PB > PA > PC
water
(b) PA = PC > PB > PD
A
(c) PD = PB > PC = PA C
B
(d) PD > PB > PC = PA
Mercury

D
[11] If you know that the standard kilogram is the mass of a cylinder of a platinum-iridium
alloy with a diameter of 39 mm and a height of 39 mm, then the density of the alloy material is
(π=3.14)
(a) 22400 kg /m3
(b) 21475.16 kg/m3
(c) 21000 kg /m3
(d) 20400.5 kg/m3

[12] A gas has a volume of 4 L and a pressure of 80 mm.Hg. What is its pressure when its
volume is reduced to 1 L while the temperature remains constant?
(a) 8 cm.Hg
(b) 16 cm.Hg
(c) 20 cm.Hg
(d) 32 cm.Hg

[13] An open container of air at 27°C is heated to 77°C. Calculate the ratio of the air that has
escaped to the air that was originally in the container
1
(a)
7
1
(b)
6
2
(c)
3
1
(d)
3

[14] Assuming that the atmospheric pressure is equal to the pressure of a column of water in a
lake of length H, and that a bubble rose from the bottom to the surface and its radius doubled,
assuming that the temperature remains constant, then the depth of the lake is ........... .
(a) 2 H
(b) 4 H
(c) 7 H
(d) 8 H
[15] If the ratio between the radii of the two cylindrical pistons in a hydraulic press is 2:7, what
is the ratio of the pressure below the large piston to the pressure below the small piston?
(a) 7:2
(b) 49:4
(c) 4:49
(d) 1:1

[16] If the relative density of honey is 1.4, so the density of honey in (g/cm3) and (kg/m3)
Choice density of honey density of honey
g/cm3 kg/m3
A 1400 1400
B 1400 1.4
C 1.4 1400
D 1.4 1.4

[17] A quantity of gas at 27°C. The temperature at which the pressure doubles when the volume
is constant is .............. .
(a) 54°C
(b) 300°C
(c) 327°C
(d) 600°C

[18] When plotting the relationship between the resulting force on the large piston (F), and the
force acting on the small piston (f) for a hydraulic press. Which of the following graphs is
correct? F (N)
D
(a) A. C
15°
B
(b) B. 5° A
10°
(c) C. 30°
f (N)
(d) D.
[19] A U-shaped tube with two regular cross-sections arms has a cross-sectional area of 2 cm2.
It contains oil with a density of 900 Kg/m3. Alcohol was poured into one of its arms, and the oil
level in it lowered by 6 cm. If the height of the alcohol above the separating surface is 13.69
cm, then the mass of the alcohol is ...........
(a) 0.216 kg
(b) 21.6 g
(c) 2.16 g
(d) 21.6 kg

[20] A butane gas cylinder is designed to withstand a maximum pressure of 15 atm. If the gas
pressure in it at 50°C is 12 atm, then the lowest temperature that will cause it to explode is:
(a) 130.75°C
(b) 131.75K
(c) 403.75°C
(d) 404.75K

Second : Answer the following questions [21:24]

[21] An iron cube of side length 12 cm and mass 7kg. if the iron density is 7800 kg/m3. Is that
cube solid or hollow?
[22] A mercury manometer contains air in its reservoir. If the height difference between the two
mercury surfaces is +10 cm, then calculate the pressure difference and the absolute pressure of
the eclosed air in bar units, knowing that the atmospheric pressure is equivalent to 100000
N/m².
[23] Helium balloons are not filled to their maximum capacity when used in weather studies at
different altitudes. Explain the reason.
[24] Let's assume that a car's brake system uses a hydraulic piston with an area of 2 cm² to
pressurize the brake fluid. If you press the brake pedal with a force of 50 Newtons, what is the
force applied to one piston of the four brake pistons at each wheel, knowing that the area of
each brake piston is 4 cm²?
Model Answer
Question Answer
1 C
2 B
3 A
4 B
5 B
6 C
7 D
8 B
9 B
10 D
11 B
12 D
13 B
14 C
15 D
16 C
17 C
18 D
19 B
20 A
21 𝑚𝑚 7
𝜌𝜌 = = = 4051 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘/𝑚𝑚3
𝑉𝑉𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (12 × 10−2 )3
The density cube is less than the iron density so the cube is hollow
22 (1.13328 bar)

23 Because when a helium balloon rises higher, the pressure on it decreases and its volume
increases, which causes it to burst if it is filled to its maximum capacity.
24 A force of 100 Newtons is applied to the brake pistons at each wheel when the brake pedal is
pressed with a force of 50 Newtons.