NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS

JournalNX- A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal

ISSN No: 2581 - 4230
VOLUME 8, ISSUE 11, Nov. -2022
TEACHING VISUAL ARTS IN ELEMENTARY GRADES
Ergasheva Orifakhon
QDPI National Faculty of Handicrafts and Applied Arts
Teacher of fine arts and engineering graphics

ABSTRACT
In this article, opinions were expressed about the rules and regulations of teaching visual arts in
elementary grades.

Key words: talent, image, character, sign, nature, image, composition

The specific features of visual art in primary grades, first of all, the content of education is determined
by the age characteristics and psychology of children of junior school age, their interest, their existing
knowledge and abilities. It is known that visual activity in children, in particular The passion for
painting starts very early. It is known from pedagogy that it starts from 2-3 years old. It is
characteristic that children like drawing more than reading and writing. However, the duration of the
pictures they draw is very short, 1-2 minutes, at most 4-5 minutes, they finish each picture. Although
the pictures drawn by children are not literate, they can depict any appearance, event or object
according to their ability and their characteristic features.
Since working with paints creates certain difficulties for them, their use was not welcomed. But
objects painted with different bright colors arouse extremely pleasant emotions and interest in
children. They quickly return from their work without good pictures. In such conditions, it is useful
for the teacher to provide immediate help to the children and try to raise their spirits.
Another characteristic aspect of the visual activity of elementary school students is their efforts to
simplify the pictures they draw. They show the front view of some things (house, person, book, watch,
briefcase), some from the side (car, animals, birds, fish, flag, etc.), and others from the top (butterfly,
leaf, dragonfly, pigeon). ngiz et al.) describe. These bring some lightness and comfort to children in
painting. Also, children of this age do not depict objects due to light and shadow, reduced perspective
and their lack of understanding of the rules.
There is another aspect characteristic of children's creativity, which is that images (items) are not
depicted overlapping (or partially) each other. Because children always perceive things completely.
These features of the visual activities mentioned above are connected with the fact that children's
thinking is clear, figurative and emotional. First of all, the following four types should be noted:
1. Perception of existence and art.
2. Artistic construction.
3. Drawing according to nature (painting according to nature, sculpture according to nature).
4. Composition activity.
The activities of perception of existence and art are reflected in the 1-4-grade inf program, the
purpose of which is for students to understand the structure, shape, color, size, proportions of people
and the life of people and events in nature. they study the way of life, work processes, create an idea
about folk crafts and folk art products. Because, only when students have a wild idea of the
environment, i.e. nature, animal and bird world, insects and fish, people, weather, objects and things,
buildings and vehicles, can their pictures be realistic. they describe. It should be noted that in their
pictorial work, the students mainly describe the things and events around them. In addition, the
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JournalNX- A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal
ISSN No: 2581 - 4230
VOLUME 8, ISSUE 11, Nov. -2022
changes occurring in everyday life, architectural and construction works, urban and rural landscapes.
Students will be interested in getting to know the uniqueness and beauty, the connection of
architecture with nature, and the different views of buildings.
Depending on the content of the awareness classes, the following ways of learning them are used in
practice:
1. Studying nature through self-observation.
2. Learning about existence through the teacher's conversation.
3. Learning through questions and answers.
4. Studying existence by drawing a picture.
5. Learning through the teacher's pedagogical picture, etc.
Perception of art is part of perception and consists of conversations about visual arts. The purpose of
this department is to teach students to read and appreciate works of art, to give an understanding of
its importance in society and people's lives. The tasks of the Department of Art Perception are:
1. Introduction to the figurative language of art.
2. To teach to think independently about a work of art and be able to express one's opinion.
3. Cultivating students' artistic taste.
4. Cultivating students' artistic tastes through expressions and terms related to visual art.
Also, students will get to know the basics of national crafts, artistic heritage and their examples
through the perception of art. , it is desirable that they should be simple, understandable, and exciting
in children with their structure, shape, color, meaning. Most importantly, it is important that such
materials make students think and enrich children with new concepts.
Their analysis is of great importance when verbally conveying information about displayed objects
and their images to children. It is appropriate to conduct this analysis directly in the form of
questions and answers about the structure, shape, color, features, and essence of things.
Painting according to nature - taking into account the characteristics of children, it is meant to paint
things according to themselves. Painting according to nature - observing nature.
Its structure, shape, color. it is carried out on the basis of methods such as analysis of dimensions,
proportions, comparison of pictures with nature. To draw them, depending on the size of nature, it is
necessary to place the large ones in 2-3 places in the class, and the small ones one on each page.
It is not necessary to make a small-sized nature, for example, a leaf, as a nature. It is not necessary to
make the same work in every place, they can be placed in different complexity depending on the
children's drawing ability. teaching is important. In this, children are taught, firstly, to correctly
determine the size of the picture, and secondly, to correctly place the picture on the surface of the
paper. Later, the image of nature will be processed. In this, two different methods of image
processing are used:
1). Making a drawing of nature based on auxiliary lines.
2). Naturani begins with the drawing of the shape of the pieces in one way, then summarizes them
and paints them. Along with the use of auxiliary lines, the front line and the axis of symmetry are used
in the drawing according to the nature. It is also processed by reducing the image of objects to any
geometric shape. In particular, when working on the image of a dragonfly, first, its wings are drawn in
the form of a square, and in the shape of a circle of a clock. Later, its image will be clarified.
It should also be noted that taking into account the low drawing abilities of elementary school
children, they cannot be given too complex tasks. When working on a picture of things, it is not

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JournalNX- A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal
ISSN No: 2581 - 4230
VOLUME 8, ISSUE 11, Nov. -2022
necessary to depict their size, light-shadow, perspective rules. Nor can excessive demands be placed
on the picture drawn by them.

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