Management and Entrepreneurship 2023-2024

||Jai Sri Gurudev||

Sri Adichunchanagiri Shikshana Trust ®

SJB INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

BGS Health & Education City, Kengeri, Bengaluru-560 060.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Report on

INTEL CORPORATION

Submitting to :
Mr.Dwaraknath.S .
K Assistant
professor
Dept. of EEE
Submitted by :
MEGHANA R
(1JB21EE016)
Management and Entrepreneurship 2023-2024

CONTENTS

Serial No. Topics Page No.

1. About the 1-2
organization
2. Products 3-5
3. Vendors 6-7
4. Clients 8
5. Financial audit details 9-11
6. HR policies 12-13
7. Geographic locations 14
8. Latest technology 15
Management and Entrepreneurship 2023-2024

ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION

Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology

company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, and incorporated in Delaware. Intel is one of
the world's largest semiconductor chip manufacturers by revenue and ranked in
the Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by revenue for nearly a decade,
from 2007 to 2016 fiscal years, until it was removed from the ranking in 2018. In 2020, it was
reinstated and ranked 45th, being the 7th-largest technology company in the ranking.

Intel supplies microprocessors for most manufacturers of computer systems, and is one of the
developers of the x86 series of instruction sets found in most personal computers (PCs). It also
manufactures chipsets, network interface controllers, flash memory, graphics processing
units (GPUs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and other devices related to
communications and computing. Intel has a strong presence in the high-performance general-
purpose and gaming PC market with its Intel Core line of CPUs, whose high-end models are
among the fastest consumer CPUs, as well as its Intel Arc series of GPUs, and sponsors the Intel
Extreme Masters, a series of international esports tournaments. The Open Source Technology

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Management and Entrepreneurship 2023-2024

Center at Intel hosts PowerTOP and LatencyTOP, and supports other open source projects such
as Wayland, Mesa, Threading Building Blocks (TBB), and Xen.

Intel (Integrated electronics) was founded on July 18, 1968, by semiconductor pioneers Gordon
Moore (of Moore's law) and Robert Noyce, along with investor Arthur Rock, and is associated
with the executive leadership and vision of Andrew Grove.[8] The company was a key component
of the rise of Silicon Valley as a high-tech center, as well as being an early developer
of SRAM and DRAM memory chips, which represented the majority of its business until 1981.
Although Intel created the world's first commercial microprocessor chip in 1971, it was not until
the success of the PC in the early 1990s that this became its primary business.

During the 1990s, the partnership between Microsoft Windows and Intel, known as "Wintel",
became instrumental in shaping the PC landscape and solidified Intel's position on the market. As
a result, Intel invested heavily in new microprocessor designs in the mid to late 1990s, fostering
the rapid growth of the computer industry. During this period, it became the dominant supplier of
PC microprocessors and was known for aggressive and anti-competitive tactics in defense of its
market position, particularly against AMD, as well as a struggle with Microsoft for control over
the direction of the PC industry.

Since the 2000s and especially the late 2010s, Intel has faced increasing competition from AMD,
resulting in a significant decline of its dominance and market share in the PC
market. Nevertheless, with a 68.4% market share as of 2023, Intel still leads the x86 market by a
wide margin.

By the end of the 1980s, buoyed by its fortuitous position as microprocessor supplier to IBM and
IBM's competitors within the rapidly growing personal computer market, Intel embarked on a
10-year period of unprecedented growth as the primary (and most profitable) hardware supplier
to the PC industry, part of the winning 'Wintel' combination. Moore handed over his position as
CEO to Andy Grove in 1987. By launching its Intel Inside marketing campaign in 1991, Intel
was able to associate brand loyalty with consumer selection, so that by the end of the 1990s, its
line of Pentium processors had become a household name.

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Management and Entrepreneurship 2023-2024

PRODUCTS

 SRAMs, DRAMs, and the microprocessor

Intel's first products were shift register memory and random-access memory integrated
circuits, and Intel grew to be a leader in the fiercely competitive DRAM, SRAM,
and ROM markets throughout the 1970s. Concurrently, Intel engineers Marcian
Hoff, Federico Faggin, Stanley Mazor, and Masatoshi Shima invented Intel's
first microprocessor. Originally developed for the Japanese company Busicom to replace
a number of ASICs in a calculator already produced by Busicom, the Intel 4004 was
introduced to the mass market on November 15, 1971, though the microprocessor did not
become the core of Intel's business until the mid-1980s. (Note: Intel is usually given
credit with Texas Instruments for the almost-simultaneous invention of the
microprocessor.)

 Early x86 processors and the IBM PC

IBM introduced its personal computer in 1981, and it was rapidly successful. In 1975, the
company had started a project to develop a highly advanced 32-bit microprocessor,
finally released in 1981 as the Intel iAPX 432. The project was too ambitious and the
processor was never able to meet its performance objectives, and it failed in the
marketplace. Intel extended the x86 architecture to 32 bits instead.

 386 microprocessor
During this period Andrew Grove dramatically redirected the company, closing much of
its DRAM business and directing resources to the microprocessor business. Of perhaps
greater importance was his decision to "single-source" the 386 microprocessor. Prior to
this, microprocessor manufacturing was in its infancy, and manufacturing problems
frequently reduced or stopped production, interrupting supplies to customers. To mitigate
this risk, these customers typically insisted that multiple manufacturers produce chips
they could use to ensure a consistent supply. The 8080 and 8086-series microprocessors
were produced by several companies, notably AMD, with which Intel had a technology-
sharing contract.

 486, Pentium, and Itanium

Intel began manufacturing fully configured "white box" systems for the dozens of PC
clone companies that rapidly sprang up.[158] At its peak in the mid-1990s, Intel
manufactured over 15% of all PCs, making it the third-largest supplier at the time. During
the 1990s, Intel Architecture Labs (IAL) was responsible for many of the hardware
innovations for the PC, including the PCI Bus, the PCI Express (PCIe) bus, and Universal
Serial Bus (USB). IAL's software efforts met with a more mixed fate; its video and
graphics software was important in the development of software digital video, [citation
needed]
but later its efforts were largely overshadowed by competition from Microsoft. The
competition between Intel and Microsoft was revealed in testimony by then IAL Vice-
president Steven McGeady at the Microsoft antitrust trial

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Management and Entrepreneurship 2023-2024

 Pentium flaw
In June 1994, Intel engineers discovered a flaw in the floating-point math subsection of
the P5 Pentium microprocessor. Under certain data-dependent conditions, the low-order
bits of the result of a floating-point division would be incorrect. The error could
compound in subsequent calculations. Intel corrected the error in a future chip revision,
and under public pressure it issued a total recall and replaced the defective Pentium CPUs
(which were limited to some 60, 66, 75, 90, and 100 MHz models) on customer request.
The "Pentium flaw" incident, Intel's response to it, and the surrounding media coverage
propelled Intel from being a technology supplier generally unknown to most computer
users to a household name. Dovetailing with an uptick in the "Intel Inside" campaign, the
episode is considered to have been a positive event for Intel, changing some of its
business practices to be more end-user focused and generating substantial public
awareness, while avoiding a lasting negative impression.

 Intel Core
The Intel Core line originated from the original Core brand, with the release of the 32-
bit Yonah CPU, Intel's first dual-core mobile (low-power) processor. Derived from
the Pentium M, the processor family used an enhanced version of the P6
microarchitecture. Its successor, the Core 2 family, was released on July 27, 2006. This
was based on the Intel Core microarchitecture, and was a 64-bit design. Instead of
focusing on higher clock rates, the Core microarchitecture emphasized power efficiency
and a return to lower clock speeds. It also provided more efficient decoding stages,
execution units, caches, and buses, reducing the power consumption of Core 2-branded
CPUs while increasing their processing capacity.

 Meltdown, Spectre, and other security vulnerabilities

In early January 2018, it was reported that all Intel processors made since
1995 (besides Intel Itanium and pre-2013 Intel Atom) have been subject to two security
flaws dubbed Meltdown and Spectre. The impact on performance resulting from software
patches is "workload-dependent". Several procedures to help protect home computers and
related devices from the Spectre and Meltdown security vulnerabilities have been
published. Spectre patches have been reported to significantly slow down performance,
especially on older computers; on the newer 8th-generation Core platforms, benchmark
performance drops of 2–14% have been measured.[126] Meltdown patches may also
produce performance loss. It is believed that "hundreds of millions" of systems could be
affected by these flaws.

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Management and Entrepreneurship 2023-2024

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VENDORS

Flex-N-Gate Seeburn

 Location: Ontario, Canada

 Parts Supplied: Door hinges and arms
 Flex-N-Gate is a major supplier of exterior trim components, lighting systems, and
mechanical assemblies.

NHK Spring

 Location: Shiga-ken, Japan

 Parts Supplied: Suspension stabilizer linkages
 NHK Spring is known for its expertise in automotive suspension and seating systems,
providing high-quality components worldwide.

U-Shin Europe

 Location: Komárom-Esztergom, Hungary

 Parts Supplied: Steering columns
 U-Shin specializes in automotive locking systems, steering components, and electronic
control units, serving global automotive markets.

Valeo Electric and Electronic Systems

 Location: Czechowice-Dziedzice, Poland

 Parts Supplied: Starter assemblies
 Valeo is a leading supplier of automotive technology, focusing on electrification,
autonomous driving, and digital mobility solutions.

Webasto Roof & Components

 Location: Schierling, Germany

 Parts Supplied: Sliding sunroofs

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  Webasto is a global supplier of roof and heating systems for vehicles, contributing to
comfort and sustainability in automotive design.

Summit Plastics

 Location: Nanjing, China

 Parts Supplied: Instrument panel components
 Summit Plastics manufactures interior and exterior automotive components, specializing
in injection molding and assembly processes.

Warn Industries

 Location: Clackamas, Oregon

 Parts Supplied: Axle assemblies
 Warn Industries is a leader in off-road vehicle equipment, specializing in winches,
bumpers, and drivetrain components for trucks and SUVs.

Chaidneme

 Location: Bogota, Colombia

 Parts Supplied: Mufflers and exhaust systems
 Chaidneme manufactures automotive exhaust systems and components, contributing to
vehicle performance and emissions control.

Autoliv

 Location: Stockholm, Sweden

 Parts Supplied: Airbags
 Autoliv is a global leader in automotive safety systems, specializing in airbags, seatbelts,
and passive safety electronics.

Comstar Automotive Technologies: Provides electrical and electronic components.

FCC Adams: Supplier of automotive clutches and friction materials.
Flextronics Automotive: Offers automotive electronics and manufacturing services.

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Management and Entrepreneurship 2023-2024

Flex: Provides manufacturing solutions and supply chain management.

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CLIENTS

Ford Motor Company does not typically list specific clients publicly in the same way a business-
to-business supplier might. Instead, Ford's customers are broadly categorized into different
segments based on their usage and purchase patterns.

1. Individual Consumers: This includes private individuals who purchase Ford vehicles for
personal use, such as cars, SUVs, and trucks.
2. Corporate and Business Fleet Customers: Companies and businesses purchase Ford
vehicles for corporate fleets, including sedans, SUVs, vans, and trucks used for employee
transportation, logistics, and operational purposes.
3. Government Agencies: Federal, state, and local governments procure Ford vehicles for
various applications such as law enforcement, public transportation, and government
service vehicles.
4. Rental Car Companies: Ford vehicles are included in rental car fleets globally,
providing options for travelers and temporary transportation needs.
5. Commercial Customers: Businesses in industries such as construction, agriculture,
utilities, and transportation use Ford trucks and vans for their work vehicles and
specialized applications.
6. Educational Institutions: Universities, schools, and educational facilities may use Ford
vehicles for campus transportation, maintenance, and operational purposes.
7. Non-profit Organizations: Non-profits may utilize Ford vehicles for community service,
disaster response, and organizational logistics.
8. International Markets: Ford sells vehicles globally, catering to diverse markets and
regions with different vehicle preferences and needs.

Each of these segments represents a broad category of customers rather than specific named
clients. Ford's sales and marketing strategies focus on meeting the needs of these various
customer segments through its wide range of vehicle offerings. Specific sales data and client
relationships are typically managed through regional sales channels and dealership networks
rather than disclosed publicly.

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FINANCIAL AUDIT DETAILS

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 INCOME SHEET

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HR POLICIES

Ford Motor Company

Ford Motor Company, founded by Henry Ford in 1903, is one of the oldest and most iconic
automobile manufacturers globally. Headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, Ford employs
approximately 177,000 people worldwide and operates in numerous countries with a diverse
workforce.

Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO)

Ford Motor Company is committed to providing equal employment opportunities to all

employees and applicants without regard to race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender
identity, national origin, age, disability, or veteran status. The company adheres to all applicable
federal, state, and local laws governing non-discrimination in employment.

Recruitment and Selection

Ford maintains a rigorous recruitment and selection process designed to attract and hire the best
talent in the industry. The process includes job postings on Ford’s careers website, recruitment
events at universities and job fairs, and partnerships with recruitment agencies. Candidates
undergo assessments, interviews, and background checks tailored to each position's
requirements.

Employee Benefits and Compensation

Ford offers competitive compensation packages and benefits to attract and retain top talent.
Benefits may include health insurance, dental and vision coverage, retirement plans (401k), paid
time off (vacation, holidays, and sick leave), employee assistance programs, and wellness
initiatives. The company periodically reviews and adjusts its benefits packages to remain
competitive in the marketplace.

Employee Development and Training

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Management and Entrepreneurship 2023-2024

Ford invests heavily in employee development and training programs to enhance skills, foster
career growth, and promote internal mobility. The company offers a variety of training
opportunities, including leadership development programs, technical training, online learning

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resources, and tuition assistance for continuing education. Performance reviews and development
plans are used to identify and address training needs.

Diversity and Inclusion

Ford is committed to fostering a diverse and inclusive workplace where all employees feel
valued and respected. The company promotes diversity through recruitment efforts, employee
resource groups (ERGs), diversity training, mentorship programs, and initiatives to support
minority-owned businesses. Ford's leadership regularly monitors diversity metrics and sets goals
for improvement.

Workplace Health and Safety

Ford prioritizes workplace health and safety to ensure a safe working environment for all
employees. The company complies with Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA) regulations and implements robust safety programs, training, and preventive measures.
Employees are encouraged to report safety concerns, and Ford continuously evaluates and
improves its safety protocols.

Work-Life Balance and Flexibility

Ford recognizes the importance of work-life balance and offers flexible work arrangements
where feasible. Options may include telecommuting, flexible hours, compressed workweeks, and
job sharing. The company promotes policies that support parental leave, caregiver support, and
wellness programs to help employees achieve balance in their professional and personal lives.

Employee Engagement and Feedback

Ford values employee feedback and fosters a culture of open communication and transparency.
The company conducts employee surveys, town hall meetings, and feedback sessions to gather
input on workplace satisfaction, organizational culture, and management effectiveness. Feedback
is used to drive continuous improvement initiatives across the organization.

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GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION:

 Ford Motor Company has established a robust global presence with strategic operations
spanning across continents. In North America, Ford's headquarters has been situated in
Dearborn, Michigan, since its founding in 1903.Ford has established manufacturing
plants in Brazil, particularly in São Paulo and Bahia
 In Europe, Ford's presence is prominent with manufacturing plants in Germany, including
Cologne (established in 1931) and Saarlouis (established in the 1970s). These facilities
are complemented by regional offices in major European cities, facilitating distribution
and operational logistics across the continent.
 Spain hosts Ford's manufacturing plants in Valencia and Almussafes, both established in
1976, underscoring its significant manufacturing capabilities in the region. Turkey is
home to Ford Otosan joint venture facilities, contributing to Ford's operational strategies
in the broader Middle East and European markets.
 In Africa, Ford has manufacturing plants in South Africa, including facilities in Pretoria
(established in 1923) and Port Elizabeth (established in 1964. Across the Middle East,
Ford operates through dealerships and service centers in countries like Saudi Arabia and
the United Arab Emirates, providing comprehensive automotive solutions to customers in
the region.

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LATEST TECHNOLOGY:

1. Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Hybrid Technology: Ford has been expanding its lineup of
electric vehicles, including the Mustang Mach-E SUV and the all-electric Ford F-150
Lightning pickup truck. These vehicles feature advanced battery technology for longer
range and faster charging capabilities.
2. Autonomous Driving: Ford is developing autonomous vehicle technology through
partnerships and in-house research.
3. Connected Vehicles: Ford is integrating advanced connectivity features into its vehicles,
allowing for seamless communication between vehicles, infrastructure, and mobile
devices. This includes features like FordPass Connect, which provides remote vehicle
access, Wi-Fi hotspot capabilities, and real-time vehicle diagnostics.
4. Infotainment and User Experience: Ford is enhancing the in-car experience with
advanced infotainment systems such as SYNC 4 and SYNC 4A. These systems offer
intuitive touchscreens, voice recognition, and integration with smartphones for
navigation, entertainment, and vehicle controls.
5. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS): Ford is incorporating ADAS
technologies into its vehicles to enhance safety and driver convenience. This includes
features like adaptive cruise control, lane-keeping assist, automatic emergency braking,
and parking assistance systems.
6. Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Communication: Ford is exploring V2X communication
technology, which allows vehicles to communicate with each other and with
infrastructure (such as traffic lights and road signs). This technology can improve traffic
flow, reduce accidents, and enhance overall driving efficiency.
7. Environmental Sustainability: Beyond electric vehicles, Ford is investing in sustainable
manufacturing processes and materials. This includes using recycled materials in vehicle
construction and reducing the environmental footprint of its production facilities.
8. Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality: Ford is leveraging augmented reality (AR)
and virtual reality (VR) technologies for vehicle design, manufacturing, and customer
experiences. These technologies help in virtual prototyping, training technicians, and
providing immersive vehicle demonstrations.

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