All public International law Exit Exam Part III, NEAEA 2003 – 2015 E.

1. Organization receives judicial support in the Reparations for injuries Advisory Opinion
when establishing international legal personality for the UN?

A. The principle of Specialty

B. The Doctrines of attributed powers

C. The doctrine of inherent powers

D. The doctrine of Autonomy

E. The Doctrine of Implied powers

2. Which one of the following is true about the legal significance of Recognition of states?

A. It may serve as an evidence to confirm or refute statehood when there is doubt

regarding the four factual criteria of statehood.

B. Premature recognition may amount to unlawful intervention.

C. It may have a constitutive effect when new states are created through secession.

D. B&C

E. A&B

3. One of the following is incorrect about sovereignty.

A. Sovereignty implies that states don’t accept any supreme authority above them without
their consent.

B. Sovereignty dictates that obedience to international obligation is optional.

C. The executive (enforcement) jurisdiction of states is strictly territorial.

D. Immunities and privileges of a state in another state is an exception to the principle of

sovereignty.

4. ___________________________is a unilateral statement, however phrased or named,

made by a State, when signing, ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to a treaty,
whereby it purports to exclude or to modify the legal effect of certain provisions of the
treaty in their application to that State

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5. __________________ is the basis on which international tribunals assume jurisdiction
when the defendant directly goes to litigating the merits of the without contesting the
tribunal’s jurisdiction.

6. Which one of the following is a major milestone in the development of modern

international law?

A. The Rise of the Nation State.

B. The Decline of the Church.

C. The Conclusion of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.

D. The increased contacts and the ensuing higher degree of interaction between
territorially consolidated units.

E. All of the above.

7. Which one of the following is not true about the ICJ?

A. Its judgments are binding.

B. Its judgments are final and without appeal.

C. The effect of its judgment is confined to the parties to a dispute.

D. It is entitled to issue advisory opinions.

E. None.

8. One of the following assertions is correct about the constitutive theory of recognition.

A. Recognition is merely an acceptance of already existing situation.

B. New states are created by virtue of the will and consent of already existing states.

C. A new state obtains international personality by virtue factual situation not by

virtue of the will and consent of others.

D. A state is created by its own efforts.

E. Recognition is not an essential element of statehood.

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9. Which one of the following actors is outside the scope of international law?

A. States.

B. International Organizations

C. Individuals.

D. Multinational Corporations.

E- None.

10. Which one of the following developments marks the emergence of contemporary
international law?

A. The rise of the modern nation states.

B. The decline of the church and papacy.

C. The conclusion of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.

D. The emergence of autonomous, separate and territorially consolidated nation-states.

E. All of the above.

11. Which one of the following is the most frequent means of creating international rules?

A. Treaties.

B. International Custom.

C. General Principles.

D. Judicial decisions. 1

E. Academic Writings.

12. Which one of the following is the function of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)?

A. Hearing contentious cases.

B. Delivering advisory opinions.

C. Exercising incidental jurisdiction

D. Hearing Preliminary Objections

E. All of the above.

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13. In which one of the following situations is the waging of war tolerated?

A. Collective Self-Defence.

B. Anticipatory Self defence.

C. Humanitarian intervention.

D. Defence of one's nationals.

E. Wars of national liberation.

14. What are the two main schools of thought relating to recognition of states? (Include
their distinguishing features in your answers). (5%)

15. Which of the following is false about the International Criminal Court (ICC)?

A. The ICC has' complementary jurisdiction a court of last resort.

B. The ICC is part of the United Nations System.

C. The ICC has jurisdiction over war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide, and
conditionally crimes of aggression.

D. B andC

E. None.

16. Which one of the following reservations is impermissible?

A. Reservations incompatible with the object and purpose of a treaty.

B. Reservations incompatible with peremptory norms.

C. Reservations not authorized by the treaty in question.

D. Reservations which are incompatible with customary international law.

E. All.

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17. Write a short essay on the fundamental principles governing international relations.
(12%)

18. What is monism?

A. Monism submits international law and domestic law are part of the same system of
norms.

B. Monism posits interpretation and application of law must give primacy to domestic law.

C. Monism assumes that the validity of international law depends upon its conformity with
domestic law.

D. Monism submits that domestic laws have priority over international law.

E. Monism provides that domestic laws and interational law are two entirely separate legal
systems.

19. Which one of the following organs of the United Nations is more exclusive?

A. The Security Council.

B. The General Assembly.

C. ECOSOC.

D. UN Human Rights Council.

E. The Secretariat.

20. Which one of the following is true about states under international law?

A. States which are funding members of the UN have more powers and authority than
other states.

B. The five permanent members of the UN are more superior to other non-permanent
states.

C. All states are equal as per the principle of sovereign equality affirmed under Article 2(1)
of the UN Charter.

D. The hierarchy and priority of states is decided upon their economic strength.

E. The Charter of the UN vests veto power to non-permanent members of the UN Security
Council,

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21. Which one of the following -is the traditional definition of public international law?

A. The body of law which regulates the relationship between sovereign states.

B. The body of law which governs the relationship not only between states but also with
international organizations and individuals.

C. The body of law which governs the relationship among states, international
organizations, non-state actors, and individuals.

D. The body of law which governs the relationship among states, inter-governmental
organizations.

E. The body of law which governs the relationship among states, international
organizations, non-state actors, individuals, and multinational corporations.

22. Which one of the following reservations to a treaty is probably valid under
international law?

A. Reservations incompatible with object and purpose of a treaty.

B. Reservations incompatible with peremptory norms.

C. Reservations not authorized by the treaty in question.

D. Reservations which are incompatible with customary international law .

E. Reservations accepted by state parties to a treaty.

23. Which one of the following can be parties to contentious cases before the ICn

A. Individuals

B. Corporations

C. Units of a Federal State

D. 'Non-governmental organizations

E. States

24. Which one of the following IS the most widely accepted doctrine of recognition of
governments?

A. Doctrine of Legitimacy

B. Estrada Doctrine

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C. Doctrine of Effective Control

D. Stimson Doctrine

E. Doctrine of sovereignty

25. Which one of the following is not a cardinal principle of international law as
contained in the Charter of the United Nations (UN)?

A. Promotion of Human Rights.

B. Peaceful Settlement of Disputes.

C. Prohibition of the Threat or Use of Force.

D. The Prohibition of acquisition of the territory of States by force.

E. The sanctity of absolute sovereignty and exclusive domestic jurisdiction of states.

26. Which one of the following is a “subsidiary” source of international law by virtue of
Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice?

A. International Custom.

B. Treaties.

C. General Principles of Law recognized by most nations.

D. Judicial Decisions.

E. Conventions.

27. According to the Constitutive Doctrine of Recognition, a new state is created by virtue
of

A. Effective control.

B. A particular factual situation.

C. Its own efforts and circumstances without the need for recognition by other states.

D. The will and consent of already existing states.

E. The process whereby it obtained independence.

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28. Which one of the following is NOT a subject of international law?

A. States

B. International Organizations

C. Individuals committing International Crimes

D. Multi-National Corporations

E. Regional Organizations like the AU

29. Which one of the following statements is NOT correct about members of the UN
Security Council?

A. Non-permanent members hold their seats on rotating basis by geographic region.

B. All the 15 members of the Security Council are elected by the UN General Assembly.

C. A state needs a two-thirds majority vote by the UN General Assembly to be a non-

permanent member of the Council.

D. Non-permanent members of the UN Security Council are elected for two years term.

E. Ethiopia was elected as Non-permanent member of the UN Security Council in 2017.

30. What is the meaning of sovereignty of states under international law?

A. Sovereignty means being recognized by all other States.

B. Sovereignty means to be able to enter into treaties and join the UN.

C. Sovereignty means possessing the right to defend oneself.

D. Sovereignty means freedom to determine one's own affairs without external

interference.

E. Sovereignty means recognition by all permanent members of the UN Security Council.

31. Write a short essay of explaining the ways in which the international community tries to
accommodate varying differences among states during drafting and adoption of
international human rights instruments. (10%)

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32. The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties codifies rules related to.

A. The balance of power.

B. The rules of war.

c Pacta sunt servanda.

D. The use of force by states.

E. The U.N. Security Council

33. Which principle of international law does the notion jus cogens refer to?

A. Peremptory norms that cannot be violated by any state.

B. Customary norms practiced and accepted by states.

C. Hard legal rules established via treaty.

D. Decisions handed down by the International Court of Justice.

E. Norms that have only religious sources.

34. Which treaties are considered to be sources of international law under article 38 the
ICJ Statute?

A. All treaties that are in force at the time disputes arise.

B. Only treaties that are in force and binding upon the parties to the disputes.

C. All treaties concluded by parties to disputes whether or notthey are in force.

D. Only treaties that are multilateral and of paramount significance.

E. All treaties signed anytime between states.

35. Which one of the following is ground for termination of a treaty?

A. Dispute between the parties.

B. Motive for treaty conclusion.

C. Impossibility of performance.

D. Performance.

E. Ambiguity

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36. What is the purpose of sovereign immunity?

A. The purpose of immunity is to protect foreign Heads of State from embarrassment.

B. Immunity protects a State from being invaded by another.

C. Immunity shields States from being sued in the courts of other States.

D. The purpose of immunity is to offer impunity in respect of all crimes.

E. Immunity does not serve any purpose for states.

37. Which one of the following statements is correct about use of force prior to the UN
Charter?

A. Armed force was prohibited.

B. Armed force was permitted with no restrictions.

C. Armed force was permitted subject to few restrictions.

D. Armed force was not regulated under international law prior to 1945.

E. Legality of use of force was the same with the UN Charter

38. Write a short essay of not more than 20 lines explaining the grounds for expulsion of
Member states under the United Nations system.(10%)

39. Which one of the following is NOT true regarding treaty invalidation?

A. A treaty can be invalidated if it is made under intimidation or threat.

B. A treaty can be invalidated if it is manifestly ultra-virus.

C. A treaty can be invalidated if it is impossible to perform.

D. A treaty can be invalidated if there is a fundamental mistake about the object thereof.

E. A treaty can be invalidated if there is a fundamental change of circumstances

40. One of the following is true about the formation of International Organizations.

A. They are established only by states members of the international community

B. After their establishment,international organizations seek the consent of

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C. International organizations are established on the basis of treaties which can be their
constitutive documents.

D. The establishment documents of international organizations can be governed by

domestic legislation.

E. Most international organizations are established with more powers than the states that
have established them

41. One of the following is NOT the constitutive elements of statehood.

A. Permanent population

B. A more or Iess defined territory

C. Sovereignty

D. A government having a control over the people and the territory

E. Capacity to enter into international arrangements

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